{"id":1609,"date":"2020-05-27T15:30:40","date_gmt":"2020-05-27T14:30:40","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/?p=1609"},"modified":"2023-12-18T15:08:58","modified_gmt":"2023-12-18T14:08:58","slug":"kriza-e-se-vertetes","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/en\/analize\/kriza-e-se-vertetes\/","title":{"rendered":"Kriza e s\u00eb V\u00ebrtet\u00ebs"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Q\u00eb nga Platoni e deri te Nietzsche, filozofia ishte n\u00eb k\u00ebrkim t\u00eb s\u00eb V\u00ebrtet\u00ebs. Ishin prodhuar aq shum\u00eb forma t\u00eb t\u00eb filozofuarit mbi\/rreth s\u00eb v\u00ebrtet\u00ebs, sa q\u00eb ndikimi ishte p\u00ebrhapur edhe n\u00eb shprehje t\u00eb tjera si n\u00eb politik\u00eb, estetik\u00eb, etik\u00eb, art, religjion etj. Mbi baz\u00ebn e k\u00ebtyre filozofive ishin krijuar modele qeveris\u00ebse politike, interpretime estetike dhe arkitekturore, rregulla dhe konsekuenca morale, forma dhe shprehje t\u00eb artit. Sisteme t\u00eb ndryshme filozofike kishin prodhuar skematizime t\u00eb atilla interpretative deri n\u00eb at\u00eb mas\u00eb ku bota e ideve ishte n\u00ebn\u00a0<em>hegjemonin\u00eb e s\u00eb V\u00ebrtet\u00ebs<\/em>. Mir\u00ebpo, i gjith\u00eb ky zinxhir skematik, t\u00eb gjitha k\u00ebto t\u00eb ashtuquajtura filozofi t\u00eb m\u00ebdha, p\u00ebsojn\u00eb nj\u00eb interpretim dekonstruktues rigoroz me Nietzsche-n. Nj\u00eb pik\u00ebprerje e till\u00eb n\u00eb filozofi \u00ebsht\u00eb edhe prodhimi i debateve t\u00eb pafundme, n\u00ebp\u00ebrmjet t\u00eb cilave jan\u00eb dh\u00ebn\u00eb shum\u00eb perspektiva t\u00eb ndryshme rreth dhe mbi t\u00eb V\u00ebrtet\u00ebn. P\u00ebrderisa e v\u00ebrteta deri dje ishte fundamenti filozofik, p\u00ebr Nietzsche-n e v\u00ebrteta n\u00eb form\u00ebn e past\u00ebr t\u00eb pretenduar nuk ekziston dhe \u00ebsht\u00eb iluzioni i saj q\u00eb krijon besime n\u00eb t\u00eb. Duhet ta kemi parasysh se filozofia e Nietzsche-s nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb parap\u00ebrcaktuese dhe se mendimi i tij nuk ka t\u00eb b\u00ebj\u00eb me nj\u00eb mbivendosje domosdoshm\u00ebrie, por n\u00eb fakt ai \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb\u00a0<em>mendim apelues<\/em>\u00a0(Hans-George Gadamer,\u00a0<em>Historia e Filozofis\u00eb<\/em>), q\u00eb e fton vetveten t\u2019i shkoj\u00eb nga pas origjin\u00ebs s\u00eb mendimit. K\u00ebshtu q\u00eb, e gjith\u00eb filozofia e tij koncentrohet n\u00eb nj\u00eb momentum, apo n\u00eb nj\u00eb pik\u00eb kthese, si\u00e7 konsideron Habermas-i, q\u00eb do t\u00eb prodhoj\u00eb konsekuenca t\u00eb m\u00ebdha n\u00eb interpretimin e fiozofis\u00eb dhe bot\u00ebs n\u00eb p\u00ebrgjith\u00ebsi. Ky rikthim i Nietzsche-s pas n\u00eb histori b\u00ebhet p\u00ebr ta zb\u00ebrthyer mendimin modern racionalist, se prej nga vinin k\u00ebto vlera esenciale, e q\u00eb ai i shihte me nj\u00eb dyshim t\u00eb madh. P\u00ebr k\u00ebt\u00eb Habermas-i mendon se pik\u00ebn e kthes\u00ebs nga moderniteti n\u00eb postmodernitet Nietzsche nuk e b\u00ebn sikur nj\u00eb kap\u00ebrcim t\u00eb thjesht\u00eb, apo si nj\u00eb nevoj\u00eb e natyrshme drejt s\u00eb res\u00eb, por vjen si rezultat i rikthimit mbrapa n\u00eb histori p\u00ebr ta investiguar gjenealogjin\u00eb e mendimit dhe vet\u00eb modernitetit. Gjat\u00eb k\u00ebtij rrug\u00ebtimi do t\u00eb ndodh\u00eb shnd\u00ebrrimi i t\u00eb gjitha vlerave. Me k\u00ebt\u00eb rikthim, ai do t\u00eb kaloj\u00eb n\u00ebp\u00ebr periudhat paraardh\u00ebse historike dhe kritika e tij do t\u00eb mb\u00ebrrij\u00eb te parasokratik\u00ebt, gjegj\u00ebsisht te shpirti dionisian si shprehja m\u00eb arkaike e madh\u00ebshtis\u00eb s\u00eb njeriut. Andaj, Habermas-i shprehet k\u00ebshtu: \u201cNietzsche i p\u00ebrdor mjetet n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb q\u00eb t\u00eb kthehet prapa te miti sikur pik\u00ebmb\u00ebshtetje e arsyes, duke e shqyrtuar origjin\u00ebn e mendimit, dhe ai apelon se duhet ta kuptojm\u00eb origjin\u00ebn e edukimit historik si nj\u00eb kontradikt\u00eb radikale e nj\u00eb fryme t\u00eb koh\u00ebs s\u00eb re, ku duhet t\u00eb kuptohet se, historia duhet t\u00eb b\u00ebhet problem i vet\u00eb historis\u00eb, njohja duhet ta kthej\u00eb thumbin nga vetja, n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb q\u00eb t\u00eb sjell\u00eb di\u00e7ka t\u00eb re dhe nj\u00eb premtim p\u00ebr jet\u00ebn.\u201d (J. Habermas,\u00a0<em>The philosophical discourse of Modernity<\/em>). Pra, p\u00ebr Habermas-in ky edhe konsiderohet momentumi i pik\u00ebs s\u00eb kthes\u00ebs n\u00eb filozofin\u00eb bashk\u00ebkohore. Me k\u00ebt\u00eb duhet ta kuptojm\u00eb se filozofia e Nietzsche-s nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb projekt i lindur nga analizat faktike q\u00eb t\u00eb mund t\u00eb konkludojm\u00eb m\u00eb pastaj, por \u00ebsht\u00eb si nj\u00eb proces i rikthimit prapa dhe i nj\u00eb procesi rivler\u00ebsues. P\u00ebr k\u00ebt\u00eb, nj\u00eb nga arritjet m\u00eb t\u00eb fuqishme n\u00eb filozofin\u00eb e Nietzsche-s \u00ebsht\u00eb q\u00eb n\u00ebp\u00ebrmes shqyrtimit gjenealigjiko-historik vjen deri te shp\u00ebrb\u00ebrja e t\u00eb gjitha formave epistemologjike, duke i futur n\u00eb nj\u00eb skanim t\u00eb rivler\u00ebsimit t\u00eb p\u00ebrhersh\u00ebm. Pra, filozofia e Nietzsche-s duhet kuptuar edhe si nj\u00eb kritik\u00eb radikale ndaj racionalizmit, subjektocentrizmit, por duke k\u00ebrkuar gjithashtu edhe mb\u00ebshtetjen tek origjina e mendimit, pra te filozofia e refleksionit pararacionalist, e q\u00eb p\u00ebr Nietzsche-n origjin\u00ebn e ka te dionisiania si shtysa m\u00eb e fuqishme e impulseve njer\u00ebzore te vullneti p\u00ebr jet\u00eb. N\u00ebp\u00ebrmjet rivler\u00ebsimit t\u00eb t\u00eb gjitha vlerave, Nietzsche arrin deri n\u00eb pozitat e nihilizmi radikal, ku pastaj shtrohet nevoja e lindjes s\u00eb di\u00e7kaje q\u00eb baz\u00ebn do ta ket\u00eb te filozofia arkaike parasokratike. Fuqia e nihilizmit \u00ebsht\u00eb q\u00eb ta pastroj\u00eb bot\u00ebn nga mendimi normativist modern q\u00eb pretendonte n\u00eb njeriun e zhveshur nga instiktet e tij t\u00eb brendshme dhe ta rimodeloj\u00eb at\u00eb nga pozitat e natyr\u00ebs s\u00eb k\u00ebnaq\u00ebsive dhe estetike t\u00eb njeriut. \u00c7ka Nietzsche do t\u2019i konsideronte si fenomene estetike, jan\u00eb ato memente kur subjekti e humb vetveten dhe kur normat e jet\u00ebs ditore dekompozohen, iluzionet e sjelljes normale kolapsojn\u00eb dhe si rezultat i k\u00ebsaj, vet\u00ebm n\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb nj\u00eb bot\u00eb e papar\u00eb do t\u00eb hapej para nesh. K\u00ebtu hap\u00ebsira estetike as nuk e fsheh, e as nuk e zbulon me termin aparenc\u00eb-esenc\u00eb, por tanim\u00eb paraqitet vet\u00ebm si nj\u00eb sip\u00ebrfaqe, k\u00ebshtu do t\u00eb filloj\u00eb edhe purifikimi romantik i fenomeneve estetike prej \u00e7far\u00ebdo asocimi teorik ose praktik, duke i dh\u00ebn\u00eb elemente pothuajse t\u00ebr\u00ebsisht ndjesore. K\u00ebshtu, \u201carti hap akcesin ndaj asaj q\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb dionisiane me koston e nj\u00eb ekstaze, ku i zbulon trajtat amorfe t\u00eb natyr\u00ebs njer\u00ebzore\u201d (Luk Ferry,\u00a0<em>Homo Aestheticus \u2013 shpikja e shij\u00ebs n\u00eb epok\u00ebn e demokracis\u00eb<\/em>). Prandaj, edhe p\u00ebr k\u00ebt\u00eb arsye Gianni Vattimo nihilizmin e konsideronte si emancipues, sepse ai e fut njeriun n\u00eb nj\u00eb interpretim hermenautik mbi t\u00eb v\u00ebrtet\u00ebn. Nietzsche apelon q\u00eb p\u00ebrvojat e jet\u00ebs s\u00eb p\u00ebrditshme t\u2019i kthejm\u00eb n\u00eb dimensione arkaike shpreh\u00ebse, ku edhe diferencohen linjat dhe postulatet e interpretimit t\u00eb bot\u00ebs jasht\u00a0<em>mid<\/em>-setit racionalist dhe orientohen drejt trajtave impulsive ndjesore t\u00eb njeriut. Njeriu \u00e7lirohet nga ashp\u00ebrsia dhe ngurt\u00ebsia e t\u00eb menduarit dhe horizontit t\u00eb njohjes, futet n\u00eb bot\u00ebn e k\u00ebnaq\u00ebsive pa pretendimin e ngritjes n\u00eb nj\u00eb shkall\u00eb q\u00eb pastaj do ta rimodeloj\u00eb t\u00eb v\u00ebrtet\u00ebn. K\u00ebshtu, Nietzsche fillon t\u00eb na e shfaq\u00eb bot\u00ebn si nj\u00eb rrjet\u00eb e shtremb\u00ebrimeve dhe asnj\u00ebher\u00eb asnj\u00eb interpretim fragmentar nuk mund t\u00eb na e sjell\u00eb t\u00eb bashkuar n\u00eb nj\u00eb format t\u00eb vet\u00ebm. P\u00ebr k\u00ebt\u00eb, \u201carti konsiderohet si veprimtaria gjenuine aktive metafizike, sepse vet jeta \u00ebsht\u00eb e bazuar n\u00eb iluzione, mashtrime, n\u00eb nevoj\u00ebn e shum\u00eb perspektivave dhe shum\u00eb gabimeve\u201d (Habermas,\u00a0<em>The philosophical discourse of Modernity<\/em>). K\u00ebshtu q\u00eb, kontradikta t\u00eb tilla vler\u00ebsuese tanim\u00eb jan\u00eb shp\u00ebrb\u00ebr\u00eb q\u00eb me dekompozimin e ides\u00eb absolute dhe ku ripozicionimi i bot\u00ebs te hi\u00e7i, \u00ebsht\u00eb po ashtu edhe rivendosja n\u00eb nj\u00eb stad vetorientues p\u00ebr njeriun, i cili n\u00eb munges\u00eb t\u00eb vlerave dhe t\u00eb nj\u00eb legjislacioni t\u00eb kodifikuar me vler\u00eb domosdoshm\u00ebrie universale, me instiktet e tij i hapet jet\u00ebs n\u00eb nj\u00eb dimension artistik. Krejt kjo q\u00eb u tha m\u00eb lart e shpjegon faktin e \u201cnj\u00eb kriz\u00eb t\u00eb skajshme episemologjike dhe ontologjike\u201d (Hans Bertens,\u00a0<em>Koncepti i Postmodernes<\/em>), dhe kjo pastaj do t\u00eb sjell\u00eb efektet perspektiviste pluraliste. Bota do t\u00eb hapet n\u00eb nj\u00eb horizont krejt\u00ebsisht dinamik dhe rigjenerues. Me pluralitetin e mendimeve tani lindin edhe forma t\u00eb reja artistike, filozofike, politike dhe t\u00eb problemeve edhe sociale. Pra, do t\u00eb lind\u00eb nj\u00eb shum\u00ebsi shprehjesh t\u00eb llojllojshme t\u00eb cilat m\u00eb nuk do ta ken\u00eb t\u00eb attach-uar sakt\u00ebsin\u00eb, por do t\u00eb zhvillohen n\u00eb saje t\u00eb pluralitetit t\u00eb interpretimeve dhe paradokseve. Nj\u00eb form\u00eb e till\u00eb shpreh\u00ebse do t\u00eb artikulohet p\u00ebrmes hermeneutik\u00ebs, e cila tani do t\u00eb fokusohet te shprehjet artistike dhe te krijimtaria sentimentale e njeriut. K\u00ebshtu, konsekuencat e m\u00ebdha t\u00eb mendimit t\u00eb Nietzsche-s, p\u00ebrve\u00e7 n\u00eb filozofi, do t\u00eb jen\u00eb edhe n\u00eb let\u00ebrsi, muzik\u00eb, piktur\u00eb, politik\u00eb, madje edhe n\u00eb dispersivitetitn e stratifikimit, apo edhe t\u00eb konstruksionit social.<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; (Idet\u00eb teorike t\u00eb hedhura k\u00ebtu do t\u00eb p\u00ebrpiqemi t\u2019i kontekstualizojm\u00eb n\u00eb shkrimin e radh\u00ebs).<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Q\u00eb nga Platoni e deri te Nietzsche, filozofia ishte n\u00eb k\u00ebrkim t\u00eb s\u00eb V\u00ebrtet\u00ebs. Ishin prodhuar aq shum\u00eb forma t\u00eb t\u00eb filozofuarit mbi\/rreth s\u00eb v\u00ebrtet\u00ebs, sa q\u00eb ndikimi ishte p\u00ebrhapur edhe n\u00eb shprehje t\u00eb tjera si n\u00eb politik\u00eb, estetik\u00eb, etik\u00eb, art, religjion etj. Mbi baz\u00ebn e k\u00ebtyre filozofive ishin krijuar modele qeveris\u00ebse politike, interpretime estetike [&hellip;]<\/p>","protected":false},"author":266,"featured_media":1610,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[13],"tags":[693,695],"ppma_author":[733],"class_list":["post-1609","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-analize","tag-literature","tag-philosophy"],"authors":[{"term_id":733,"user_id":266,"is_guest":0,"slug":"dritan-dragusha","display_name":"Dritan Dragusha","avatar_url":{"url":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/dritan.webp","url2x":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/dritan.webp"},"user_url":"","last_name":"Dragusha","first_name":"Dritan","description":"Dritan Dragusha \u00ebsht\u00eb i diplomuar n\u00eb filozofi, n\u00eb Universitetin e Prishtin\u00ebs. Dritani \u00ebsht\u00eb i fokusuar n\u00eb teori t\u00eb kultur\u00ebs dhe gjithashtu n\u00eb let\u00ebrsi, kinema dhe muzik\u00eb. Po ashtu, merret edhe me gazetari. \u00cbsht\u00eb kolumnist i rregullt n\u00eb platform\u00ebn online \"sbunker.net\". Ka qen\u00eb edhe m\u00ebsimdh\u00ebn\u00ebs i filozofis\u00eb dhe etik\u00ebs n\u00eb \"The British School Kosova\". Bashkautor n\u00eb projektin kulturor televiziv \"Filozofema\", n\u00eb Radio Televizionin e Kosov\u00ebs. Aktualisht Dritani \u00ebsht\u00eb autor dhe moderator i emisionit \"Prizma\", n\u00eb televizionin T7."}],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1609","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/266"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1609"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1609\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1611,"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1609\/revisions\/1611"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/1610"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1609"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1609"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1609"},{"taxonomy":"author","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/ppma_author?post=1609"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}