{"id":2489,"date":"2021-02-17T13:22:24","date_gmt":"2021-02-17T11:22:24","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/?p=2489"},"modified":"2024-10-16T13:23:52","modified_gmt":"2024-10-16T11:23:52","slug":"dhjetevjecari-i-durimit-si-u-be-kina-fuqi-ne-ballkanin-perendimor-pjesa-i","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/en\/analize\/dhjetevjecari-i-durimit-si-u-be-kina-fuqi-ne-ballkanin-perendimor-pjesa-i\/","title":{"rendered":"Dhjet\u00ebvje\u00e7ari i durimit: Si u b\u00eb Kina fuqi n\u00eb Ballkanin Per\u00ebndimor (pjesa I)"},"content":{"rendered":"

Qasja e formalizuar, gati shp\u00ebrfill\u00ebse e Kin\u00ebs karshi Ballkanit Per\u00ebndimor fsheh nj\u00eb shkatht\u00ebsi befasuese dhe q\u00ebllim strategjik. N\u00eb dhjet\u00ebvje\u00e7arin e fundit, vendi \u00ebsht\u00eb b\u00ebr\u00eb lojtari i tret\u00eb m\u00eb i spikatur n\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb pjes\u00eb t\u00eb fqinj\u00ebsis\u00eb s\u00eb Bashkimit Europian. Gjithnj\u00eb e m\u00eb shum\u00eb d\u00ebshmi jan\u00eb shfaqur se Pekini po e zgjeron dhe e ngulit pranin\u00eb n\u00ebp\u00ebr Ballkanin Per\u00ebndimor n\u00eb lloj-lloj sektor\u00ebsh, teksa angazhohet gjithnj\u00eb e m\u00eb shum\u00eb aktor\u00eb lokal\u00eb.\u00a0Procesi duket<\/a>\u00a0se po p\u00ebrshpejtohet n\u00eb koh\u00ebn kur Per\u00ebndimi po tregon konsensus rreth sfidave q\u00eb paraqiten nga nd\u00ebrhyrjet e Pekinit n\u00eb rajon.<\/p>\n

Ky kujdes i ri p\u00ebr Kin\u00ebn\u00a0bie ndesh<\/a>\u00a0disi me imazhin publik t\u00eb vendit si burim i mund\u00ebsive t\u00eb jasht\u00ebzakonshme ekonomike n\u00eb epok\u00ebn e ndryshimeve gjeopolitike. Natyrisht, shumica e analizave t\u00eb aktiviteteve t\u00eb Kin\u00ebs n\u00eb Ballkanin Per\u00ebndimor\u00a0p\u00ebrqendrohen<\/a>\u00a0n\u00eb bashk\u00ebpunimin ekonomik dhe investimet n\u00eb rajon n\u00eb dhjet\u00ebvje\u00e7arin e fundit. Megjithat\u00eb, nismat m\u00eb t\u00eb gjera politike, sociale dhe kulturore t\u00eb Pekinit\u00a0meritojn\u00eb<\/a>\u00a0v\u00ebmendje m\u00eb t\u00eb madhe \u2013 t\u00eb cil\u00ebn vet\u00ebm tash\u00a0kan\u00eb filluar<\/a>\u00a0ta marrin. Kina po futet n\u00eb nje sken\u00eb t\u00eb re angazhimi me Ballkanin Per\u00ebndimor, duke zbatuar politika t\u00eb nd\u00ebrveprimit t\u00eb shtuar n\u00eb nj\u00eb varg, me pjes\u00eb t\u00eb ndryshme t\u00eb shoq\u00ebris\u00eb politikash.<\/p>\n

Kjo analiz\u00eb p\u00ebrshkruan qasjen ekspansive t\u00eb Kin\u00ebs ndaj Ballkanit Per\u00ebndimor, e cila p\u00ebrqendrohet n\u00eb zhvillimin e nj\u00eb s\u00ebr\u00eb marr\u00ebdh\u00ebniesh me individ\u00eb dhe institucione (shum\u00eb prej tyre duke filluar me nj\u00eb num\u00ebr relativisht t\u00eb vog\u00ebl). K\u00ebto marr\u00ebdh\u00ebnie \u2013 t\u00eb cilat p\u00ebrfshijn\u00eb gjith\u00e7ka, q\u00eb nga infrastruktura dhe energjia te kultura, mediat, dhe politikat partiake \u2013 kan\u00eb p\u00ebr q\u00ebllim t\u00eb promovojn\u00eb narrativat dhe interesat kineze. P\u00ebr k\u00ebt\u00eb q\u00ebllim, Pekini ka eksploatuar ambivalenc\u00ebn gjeopolitike t\u00eb shum\u00eb qendrave Per\u00ebndimore, duke sht\u00ebn\u00eb n\u00eb dor\u00eb mund\u00ebsit\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u00eb investuar n\u00eb sektor\u00eb strategjikisht t\u00eb r\u00ebnd\u00ebsish\u00ebm, q\u00eb lindin nga boshll\u00ebqet e vazhdueshme zhvillimore mes Ballkanit Per\u00ebndimor dhe BE-s\u00eb, si dhe mungesa e bashk\u00ebrendimit t\u00eb qendruesh\u00ebm politik dhe ekonomik e rajonit me bllokun.<\/p>\n

N\u00eb fund, analiza tregon sesi lider\u00ebt kinez\u00eb kan\u00eb shfryt\u00ebzuar af\u00ebrsin\u00eb politike me elitat n\u00eb shtetet e kapura. Pekini po krijon shtysa p\u00ebr bashk\u00ebpunim p\u00ebrbrenda k\u00ebtyre grupeve dhe m\u00eb tej, ku shum\u00eb qytetar\u00eb t\u00eb vendeve t\u00eb Ballkanit Per\u00ebndimor po zgjedhin mend\u00ebsin\u00eb transaksionale, p\u00ebrderisa \u00ebndrrat e tyre p\u00ebr integrim europian veniten. Ky proces po \u00e7on grardualisht n\u00eb ngritjen e nj\u00eb ekosistemi ekonomik dhe politik, n\u00eb t\u00eb cilin Kina dhe vendet e Ballkanit Per\u00ebndimor kan\u00eb t\u00eb p\u00ebrbashk\u00ebt interesa t\u00eb r\u00ebnd\u00ebsishme.<\/p>\n

Fushat kryesore t\u00eb bashk\u00ebpunimit<\/strong><\/p>\n

Kina ka punuar gjat\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u00eb nd\u00ebrtuar koalicione t\u00eb p\u00ebrshtatshme me qeverit\u00eb n\u00eb pushtet dhe partit\u00eb e m\u00ebdha n\u00eb Ballkanin Per\u00ebndimor, shpesh duke n\u00ebnshkruar marr\u00ebveshje t\u00eb drejtp\u00ebrdrejta me ta, t\u00eb cilat i n\u00ebnshtrohen fare pak mbik\u00ebqyrjes parlamentare. Bashk\u00ebpunimi i till\u00eb qeveritar dhe partiak ndodh n\u00eb nivelet dypal\u00ebshe dhe shum\u00ebpal\u00ebshe, t\u00eb shumt\u00ebn e rasteve p\u00ebrmes kornizave t\u00eb 17+1 \u2013 format bashk\u00ebpunimi i udh\u00ebhequr nga Kina q\u00eb p\u00ebrfshin nj\u00eb s\u00ebr\u00eb vendesh t\u00eb Europ\u00ebs Qendrore dhe Lindore \u2013 sikurse Dialogu i Partive Politike China-CEEC dhe Forumi i Lider\u00ebve t\u00eb Rinj China-CEEC. Kina merr pjes\u00eb gjithashtu n\u00eb Dialogun e Partive Politike t\u00eb Bot\u00ebs, si pjes\u00eb e p\u00ebrpjekjeve t\u00eb Partis\u00eb Komuniste t\u00eb Kin\u00ebs q\u00eb t\u00eb plot\u00ebsoj\u00eb bashk\u00ebpunimin nd\u00ebrshtet\u00ebror me at\u00eb q\u00eb bazohet n\u00eb af\u00ebrsin\u00eb ideologjike.<\/p>\n

Megjithat\u00eb, shembja e regjimeve t\u00eb personalitetit n\u00eb Ballkanin Per\u00ebndimor sikurse ai n\u00eb Mal t\u00eb Zi, e ka detyruar Kin\u00ebn q\u00eb t\u00eb diversifikoj\u00eb me shpejt\u00ebsi lidhjet partiake. Ky proces i diversifikimit\u00a0duket qart\u00eb<\/a>\u00a0gjithashtu n\u00eb shtetet si Bosnja e Hercegovina \u2013 ku ndihmohet nga struktura kushtetuese e vendit, e cila siguron barazi mes tri nj\u00ebsive kushtetuese. N\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb t\u00eb ngjashme, Pekini e ka b\u00ebr\u00eb bashk\u00ebpunimin partiak komponent t\u00eb marr\u00ebdh\u00ebnies me kryeministrin e Maqedonis\u00eb, Zoran Zaev.<\/p>\n

Zgjerimi i k\u00ebtyre lidhjeve \u00ebsht\u00eb pjes\u00eb e nj\u00eb trendi afatgjat\u00eb t\u00eb Kin\u00ebs. P\u00ebr shembull,\u00a0bashk\u00ebpunimi partiak<\/a>\u00a0mes Partis\u00eb Demokrate t\u00eb Socialist\u00ebve t\u00eb Malit t\u00eb Zi dhe Partis\u00eb Komuniste t\u00eb Kin\u00ebs daton q\u00eb m\u00eb 2010. Serbia dhe Kina shtuan dimensionin e bashk\u00ebpunimit partiak n\u00eb partneritetin strategjik, q\u00eb e\u00a0n\u00ebnshkruan<\/a>\u00a0m\u00eb 2009. Nd\u00ebrveprimet e tilla jan\u00eb n\u00eb rritje, madje edhe n\u00eb Kosov\u00eb: p\u00ebrkund\u00ebr mosnjohjes s\u00eb pavar\u00ebsis\u00eb se vendit, t\u00eb dy pal\u00ebt kan\u00eb mbajtur m\u00ebrr\u00ebdh\u00ebnie joformale n\u00eb Prishtin\u00eb dhe n\u00eb Kombet e Bashkuara. P\u00ebr k\u00ebt\u00eb arsye, Kosova duket se n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb t\u00eb n\u00ebnkuptueshme nuk ka pranuar ta njoh\u00eb pavar\u00ebsin\u00eb e Tajvanit, me gjas\u00eb n\u00eb p\u00ebrpjekje p\u00ebr t\u00eb fituar kapital diplomatik me Kin\u00ebn. Nd\u00ebrsa shefi i zyr\u00ebs p\u00ebrfaq\u00ebsuese t\u00eb Kin\u00ebs n\u00eb Prishtin\u00eb ka konsoliduar gradualisht profilin e tij publik. Kina ka\u00a0provuar<\/a>\u00a0t\u00eb rris\u00eb pranin\u00eb e saj n\u00eb Kosov\u00eb duke ofertuar\u00a0 – ndon\u00ebse pa sukses \u2013 q\u00eb t\u00eb nd\u00ebrtoj\u00eb termocentralin e qymyrit dhe t\u2019i shes\u00eb pajisje Huawei Telekomit t\u00eb Kosov\u00ebs.<\/p>\n

N\u00eb dhjet\u00ebvje\u00e7arin e fundit ka pasur gjithashtu rritje t\u00eb bashk\u00ebpunimit administrativ e institucional t\u00eb Kin\u00ebs me vendet e Ballkanit Per\u00ebndimor. Tradicionalisht, p\u00ebrderisa BE-ja ka qen\u00eb e vendosur t\u00eb b\u00ebj\u00eb harmonizimin ligjor dhe institucional me k\u00ebto vende n\u00eb relacion me procesin e hyrjes n\u00eb BE, Kina \u00ebsht\u00eb p\u00ebrqendruar n\u00eb bashk\u00ebpunim praktik me ministri, agjenci shtet\u00ebrore, dhe firma t\u00eb p\u00ebrshira n\u00eb infrastruktur\u00eb, energji dhe financa. Angazhimi i till\u00eb kinez p\u00ebrfshin shk\u00ebmbime vizitash shtet\u00ebrore, n\u00ebnshkrime memorandumesh mir\u00ebkuptimi, udh\u00ebtime studimore, dhe nisma t\u00eb firmave kineze n\u00eb rajon. Poashtu, p\u00ebrfshin k\u00ebrkimin e mund\u00ebsive p\u00ebr projekte t\u00eb p\u00ebrbashk\u00ebta dhe krijimin e marr\u00ebdh\u00ebnieve personale dhe institucionale, n\u00eb vend se sinkronizimin e politikave, e praktikave, apo e qasjeve. Megjithat\u00eb, Kina tash po e zgjeron bashk\u00ebpunimin e saj formal dhe joformal me komunat p\u00ebrgjat\u00eb rajonit, duke u bazuar n\u00eb 17+1 dhe pun\u00ebn e ambasadave lokale kineze.<\/p>\n

Fuqia kulturore<\/strong><\/p>\n

Pekini ka nj\u00eb qasje gjithnj\u00eb e m\u00eb ekspansive dhe t\u00eb strukturuar ndaj p\u00ebrdorimit t\u00eb kultur\u00ebs si veg\u00ebl diplomatike n\u00eb Ballkanin Per\u00ebndimor. Ndon\u00ebse gjithmon\u00eb ka pasur rol n\u00eb diplomacin\u00eb kineze deri n\u00eb nj\u00eb mas\u00eb, kultura\u00a0\u00e7doher\u00eb ka qen\u00eb n\u00eb rend t\u00eb dyt\u00eb pas fuqis\u00eb ekonomike \u2013 por Pekini po punon p\u00ebr ta ndryshuar k\u00ebt\u00eb. P\u00ebr pasoj\u00eb, kultura kineze po merr r\u00ebnd\u00ebsi publike n\u00ebp\u00ebr rajon. Kjo \u00ebsht\u00eb e dukshme, p\u00ebr shembull, n\u00eb festimet e vitit t\u00eb ri kinez, t\u00eb cilat jan\u00eb mbajtur tradicionalisht n\u00eb premisat e ambasadave, e jo n\u00eb mbledhje ekskluzive p\u00ebr elitat lokale. M\u00eb 2019, ambasada kineze n\u00eb Tiran\u00eb organizoi fest\u00eb n\u00eb sheshin kryesor t\u00eb qytetit, ku kremtimet dhe ekspozitat zgjat\u00ebn p\u00ebr dy jav\u00eb.\u00a0Ambasadori kinez shfryt\u00ebzoi<\/a>\u00a0k\u00ebt\u00eb rast p\u00ebr t\u00eb deklaruar se Kina do t\u00eb financonte nd\u00ebrtimin e nj\u00eb stacioni t\u00eb ri autobus\u00ebsh n\u00eb qytet.<\/p>\n

Nj\u00ebkoh\u00ebsisht, Pekini po diversifikon diplomacin\u00eb kulturore gjithashtu. K\u00ebt\u00eb po e b\u00ebn duke\u00a0plot\u00ebsuar institucionet\u00a0<\/a>\u00a0tradicionale t\u00eb gjuh\u00ebs si Institutet e Konfucit\u00a0 – operacionet e t\u00eb cil\u00ebve kan\u00eb zgjuar kritika n\u00eb shum\u00eb vende \u2013 me institucione t\u00eb tjera. Kjo nism\u00eb p\u00ebrqendrohet n\u00eb themelimin e qendrave kulturore kineze, t\u00eb cilat kan\u00eb llojllojshm\u00ebri m\u00eb t\u00eb gj\u00ebr\u00eb aktivitetesh dhe fokusohen n\u00eb nd\u00ebrveprimin dhe bashk\u00ebpunimin kulturor \u2013 kryesisht t\u00eb fokusuar n\u00eb arte, p\u00ebfshir\u00eb let\u00ebrsin\u00eb, fotografin\u00eb, garat e eseve, leximet, koncertet, ekspozitat, e madje edhe kurset e gatimit.\u00a0Qendra m\u00eb e madhe<\/a>\u00a0nga to \u00ebsht\u00eb af\u00ebr mbarimit dhe planifikohet t\u00eb jet\u00eb plot\u00ebsisht funksionale dhe t\u00eb hapet k\u00ebt\u00eb vit n\u00eb Beograd. Ajo po nd\u00ebrtohet n\u00eb vendin simbolik t\u00eb r\u00ebnd\u00ebsish\u00ebm t\u00eb ambasad\u00ebs kineze q\u00eb u bombardua nga NATO m\u00eb 1999, ku u vran\u00eb tre gazetar\u00eb kinez\u00eb. Kina planifikon q\u00eb n\u00eb vitet n\u00eb vazhdim\u00a0t\u00eb krijoj\u00eb<\/a>\u00a0institucione t\u00eb ngjashme n\u00eb Tiran\u00eb, pas themelimit t\u00eb t\u00eb tjerave n\u00eb kryqetetet e Europ\u00ebs juglindore, si n\u00eb Sofje, Athin\u00eb dhe Bukuresht.<\/p>\n

P\u00ebr kuriozitet, kultura gjithashtu luan rol gjithnj\u00eb e m\u00eb t\u00eb madh n\u00eb turizmin kinez n\u00eb Ballkanin Per\u00ebndimor. P\u00ebr shembull, filmi i vitit 1972 \u2018Valteri mbron Sarajev\u00ebn\u2019 [Walter Defends Sarajevo] \u00ebsht\u00eb shum\u00eb i njohur tek publiku m\u00eb i vjet\u00ebr n\u00eb Kin\u00eb, ngaq\u00eb ishte nj\u00eb prej t\u00eb pakt\u00ebve q\u00eb u shfaq gjat\u00eb Revolucionit Kulturor. Tash p\u00ebr tash, filmi \u00ebsht\u00eb pik\u00eb e madhe referimi diplomatike n\u00eb marr\u00ebdh\u00ebniet dypal\u00ebshe dhe\u00a0magnet p\u00ebr turist\u00ebt kinez\u00eb<\/a>, t\u00eb cil\u00ebt vijn\u00eb me mij\u00ebra \u00e7do vit (para pandemis\u00eb).<\/p>\n

Kjo i ka ndihmuar\u00a0rritjes s\u00eb dukshme t\u00eb turizmit<\/a>\u00a0kinez n\u00eb Ballkanin Per\u00ebndimor n\u00eb vitet e fundit, turiz\u00ebm q\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb i p\u00ebrhapur n\u00eb t\u00eb gjith\u00eb rajonin. Turizmi shpejt po b\u00ebhet fush\u00eb kryesore e nd\u00ebrveprimit n\u00eb marr\u00ebdh\u00ebniet dypal\u00ebshe t\u00eb Kin\u00ebs me vendet e rajonit, p\u00ebrderisa ekonomit\u00eb lokale k\u00ebrkojn\u00eb t\u00eb p\u00ebrfitojn\u00eb nga tepricat e rritjes s\u00eb shpejt\u00eb t\u00eb klas\u00ebs s\u00eb mesme kineze. Procesi \u00ebsht\u00eb leht\u00ebsuar nga heqja e vizave p\u00ebr qytetar\u00ebt kinez\u00eb.<\/p>\n

Kina po i kushton m\u00eb shum\u00eb v\u00ebmendje kultur\u00ebs n\u00eb p\u00ebrmbajtjen mediale q\u00eb gjeneron dhe promovon n\u00eb rajon, sikurse shtojcat e ndryshme q\u00eb boton n\u00eb gazetat e vendeve si Serbia, Bullgaria dhe Kroacia. Nj\u00eb trend i ngjash\u00ebm \u00ebsht\u00eb i duksh\u00ebm n\u00eb pranin\u00eb mediale dhe aktivitetet online t\u00eb Radios Nd\u00ebrkomb\u00ebtare t\u00eb Kin\u00ebs, e cila mbulon artin, stilin, dhe kuzhin\u00ebn.<\/p>\n

Pekini promovon kultur\u00ebn kineze brenda 17+1, shpesh p\u00ebrmes nj\u00eb qendre n\u00eb Shkup. Nd\u00ebrsa Kina dhe vendet e Ballkanit Per\u00ebndimor ende kan\u00eb relativisht pak shk\u00ebmbime kulturore dhe ngjarje t\u00eb p\u00ebrbashk\u00ebta, aktivitetet e 17+1 n\u00eb t\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb zon\u00eb jan\u00eb zgjeruar \u2013 kryesisht p\u00ebr shkak t\u00eb pun\u00ebs s\u00eb nj\u00eb s\u00ebr\u00eb institucionesh kineze, duke e b\u00ebr\u00eb t\u00eb nj\u00ebanshme k\u00ebt\u00eb form\u00eb t\u00eb bashk\u00ebpunimit.<\/p>\n

Kontrolli i narrativit t\u00eb mediave<\/strong><\/p>\n

N\u00eb vitet e fundit \u00ebsht\u00eb par\u00eb nj\u00eb rritje e dukshme n\u00eb pranin\u00eb mediale t\u00eb Kin\u00ebs n\u00ebp\u00ebr Ballkanin Per\u00ebndimor. Vendi paraqitet n\u00eb num\u00ebr m\u00eb t\u00eb madh lajmesh dhe programesh tjera n\u00eb rajon. P\u00ebr shembull, mes vitit 2016 dhe 2019, numri i lajmeve t\u00eb botuara n\u00eb Shqip\u00ebri q\u00eb kan\u00eb t\u00eb b\u00ebjn\u00eb me Nism\u00ebn Rrip dhe Rrug\u00eb (BRI)\u00a0u rrit<\/a>\u00a0nga 42 n\u00eb 194. K\u00ebto storie kryesisht p\u00ebrmbajn\u00eb informata faktike, me ton neutral, dhe t\u00eb orientuara kah \u00e7\u00ebshtjet ekonomike, por p\u00ebrgjith\u00ebsisht pa vler\u00ebsim kritik t\u00eb aktiviteteve t\u00eb Kin\u00ebs. P\u00ebr m\u00eb tep\u00ebr, ato paraqesin Kin\u00ebn si fuqi ekonomike miq\u00ebsore, t\u00eb hapur p\u00ebr bashk\u00ebpunim dhe t\u00eb zonj\u00ebn p\u00ebr t\u00eb ofruar mund\u00ebsi financiare dhe t\u00eb tjera. \u00cbsht\u00eb me r\u00ebnd\u00ebsi t\u00eb thuhet se qeverit\u00eb n\u00eb rajon duken se veprojn\u00eb si aleat\u00eb t\u00eb Pekinit n\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb politik\u00eb informacioni, shpesh duke zmadhuar porosit\u00eb e tilla, se duke k\u00ebrkuar joformalisht q\u00eb t\u00eb kontrollojn\u00eb p\u00ebrmbajtjen e transmetuar.<\/p>\n

Marr\u00ebveshjet e ndryshme t\u00eb cilat i n\u00ebnshkruan qeveria kineze me homolog\u00ebt e saj n\u00eb Ballkanin Per\u00ebndimor rrall\u00ebher\u00eb kan\u00eb mbules\u00eb negative n\u00eb mediat rajonale. Dhe k\u00ebto media shpesh duket se shmangin referencat p\u00ebr informacionet rreth kushteve t\u00eb diskutueshme q\u00eb lidhen me projektet kineze. Nevoja e ngutshme p\u00ebr zhvillim ekonomik n\u00eb vendet me liri t\u00eb kufizuar t\u00eb medias i lejon qeverit\u00eb n\u00eb rajon ta kontrollojn\u00eb rrjedh\u00ebn e p\u00ebrmbajtjes rreth Kin\u00ebs dhe marrr\u00ebdh\u00ebnieve dypal\u00ebshe me vendin.<\/p>\n

Nd\u00ebrkoh\u00eb, Pekini gradualisht po rrit p\u00ebrfshirjen e tij t\u00eb drejtp\u00ebrdrejt\u00eb n\u00eb prodhimin e p\u00ebrmbajtjes p\u00ebrmes marr\u00ebveshjeve t\u00eb ndryshme t\u00eb bashk\u00ebpunimit me agjencit\u00eb shtet\u00ebrore t\u00eb lajmeve dhe mediave tjera. Autoritetet kineze furnizojn\u00eb informacion dhe p\u00ebrmbajtje t\u00eb nj\u00eb numri n\u00eb rritje publikimesh dhe sajtesh mediale, shpesh si shtojca ose seksione lajmesh. Bashk\u00ebpunimi shtet\u00ebror kinez me gazetar\u00ebt lokal\u00eb tashm\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb mekaniz\u00ebm i mir\u00ebvendosur i nd\u00ebrveprimit, i till\u00eb q\u00eb p\u00ebrqendrohet posa\u00e7\u00ebrisht n\u00eb korrespondent\u00ebt dhe autor\u00ebt pro kinez\u00eb. Pas vizitave studimore n\u00eb Kin\u00eb, gazetar\u00ebt e till\u00eb pranojn\u00eb rregullisht thirrje nga autoritetet kineze p\u00ebr t\u00eb shkruar storie pozitive rreth p\u00ebrvojave t\u00eb tyre. Disa prej tyre shkruajn\u00eb p\u00ebr ambasadat lokale kineze dhe marrin pjes\u00eb n\u00eb projekte t\u00eb ndryshme t\u00eb paguara nga Pekini.<\/p>\n

Ambasador\u00ebt kinez\u00eb gjithashtu po e rrisin gradualisht angazhimin e tyre me gazetar\u00ebt n\u00eb rajon. N\u00eb disa vende t\u00eb Europ\u00ebs juglindore si Kroacia, jan\u00eb b\u00ebr\u00eb p\u00ebrpjekje t\u00eb m\u00ebdha q\u00eb t\u00eb blihen drejtp\u00ebrdrejt grupe t\u00eb m\u00ebdha mediale dhe nj\u00eb num\u00ebr radiostacionesh. Pekini po zhvillon formate mediale n\u00eb t\u00eb cilat mund t\u00eb bashk\u00ebpunoj\u00eb me partner\u00ebt lokal\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u00eb prodhuar dhe vendosur p\u00ebrmbajtje, gjithnj\u00eb e m\u00eb shum\u00eb n\u00eb stil, kultur\u00eb dhe kuzhin\u00eb. Nj\u00eb shembull i k\u00ebsaj \u00ebsht\u00eb\u00a0Rrjeti i Lajmeve Rrip dhe Rrug\u00eb<\/a>, pjes\u00eb e BRI-s\u00eb.<\/p>\n

N\u00eb pajtim me zhvillimet n\u00eb pjes\u00ebt e tjera t\u00eb bot\u00ebs, diplomat\u00ebt kinez\u00eb dhe mediat po e rrisin shpejt pranin\u00eb e tyre n\u00eb rrjetet sociale n\u00eb Ballkanin per\u00ebndimor, ku ambasador\u00ebt po krijojn\u00eb llogari n\u00eb Facebook dhe Twitter p\u00ebr t\u00eb shp\u00ebrndar\u00eb mesazhe zyrtare. N\u00eb vendet si Maqedonia Veriore, diplomat\u00eb t\u00eb caktuar kinez\u00eb kan\u00eb nd\u00ebrmarr\u00eb hapin edhe m\u00eb ambicioz duke krijuar uebfaqet dhe llogarit\u00eb personale p\u00ebr t\u00eb promovuar p\u00ebrmbajtje q\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb shum\u00eb kritike ndaj Per\u00ebndimit. Ndon\u00ebse kjo nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb aq e fort\u00eb sa diplomacia kineze \u201cluft\u00ebtar si ujku\u201d q\u00eb ka irrituar shum\u00eb qeveri per\u00ebndimore gjat\u00eb pandemis\u00eb, prap\u00ebseprap\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb metod\u00eb e fort\u00eb e pozicionimit publik.<\/p>\n

Pekini ende nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb n\u00eb gjendje t\u00eb shp\u00ebrndaj\u00eb n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb t\u00eb vazhdueshme dhe koherente narrativ\u00ebt e saj n\u00eb Ballkanin Per\u00ebndimor. Por nuk ka dyshim se \u00ebsht\u00eb duke marr\u00eb pozicione n\u00eb peizazhin medial q\u00eb i ndihmon t\u2019i paraqes\u00eb veprat e tij me sy t\u00eb mir\u00eb.<\/p>\n

Marr\u00ebdh\u00ebniet akademike dhe nd\u00ebrpersonale<\/strong><\/p>\n

Lidhjet akademike dhe nd\u00ebrpersonale mes Kin\u00ebs dhe vendeve t\u00eb Ballkanit Per\u00ebndimor po shtohen gjithashtu. Kjo tipizohet nga shtrirja dhe intensiteti gjithnj\u00eb e m\u00eb i madh i nd\u00ebrveprimit mes akademive komb\u00ebtare t\u00eb shkencave, t\u00eb cilat vazhdojn\u00eb trash\u00ebgimin\u00eb e bashk\u00ebpunimit nga dhjet\u00ebvje\u00e7ar\u00ebt e kaluar. P\u00ebr shembull, Akademia serbe e Shkencave dhe Arteve s\u00eb fundmi\u00a0n\u00ebnshkroi<\/a>\u00a0nj\u00eb marr\u00ebveshje t\u00eb gj\u00ebr\u00eb me homologen e saj kineze. Platformat si Institutet e Konfucit dhe departamentet e Sinologjis\u00eb n\u00eb universitetet shtet\u00ebrore gradualisht po plot\u00ebsojn\u00eb aktivitetet e tyre \u2013 nganj\u00ebher\u00eb p\u00ebrmes praktikave mjaft innovative. P\u00ebr shembull, Instituti i Konfucit dhe Universiteti i Banja Lluk\u00ebs n\u00eb Bosnje po zgjerohet n\u00eb hulumtim dhe m\u00ebsim (p\u00ebrfshi l\u00ebnd\u00eb universitare) t\u00eb l\u00ebnd\u00ebve q\u00eb kan\u00eb lidhje me Kin\u00ebn. Udh\u00ebheq\u00ebsit e institutit vizitojn\u00eb rregullisht shkollat e mesme p\u00ebr t\u00eb nxitur mes student\u00ebve interesin n\u00eb Sinologji.<\/p>\n

Akademik\u00ebt kinez\u00eb po marrin detyra afatgjate n\u00eb Bosnje dhe po k\u00ebrkojn\u00eb t\u00eb nisin projekte hulumtimi atje. M\u00eb gjer\u00ebsisht, universitetet private n\u00eb Europ\u00ebn juglindore kan\u00eb filluar t\u00eb zhvillojn\u00eb marr\u00ebdh\u00ebnie t\u00eb mir\u00ebfillta institucionale me homolog\u00ebt e tyre kinez\u00eb. Nj\u00eb shembull \u00ebsht\u00eb Universiteti i Donja Gorica n\u00eb Mal t\u00eb Zi, i cili \u00ebsht\u00eb nikoqir i nj\u00eb s\u00ebr\u00eb ligj\u00ebruesish nga Kina, ofron l\u00ebnd\u00eb t\u00eb magjistratur\u00ebs q\u00eb kan\u00eb t\u00eb b\u00ebjn\u00eb me Kin\u00ebn, dhe madje ofron edhe versionin kinezisht n\u00eb uebfaqen e tij. Themeluesit e universitetit thuhet se jan\u00eb t\u00eb af\u00ebrt me presidentin Milo Djukanovic, i cili njihet gjer\u00ebsisht p\u00ebr qasjen e tij miq\u00ebsore ndaj Kin\u00ebs.<\/p>\n

Nj\u00eb tip i ngjash\u00ebm bashk\u00ebpunimi \u00ebsht\u00eb duke u brumosur n\u00eb Kroaci, ku Shkolla e Biznesit n\u00eb Zagreb po nis projekte t\u00eb ndryshme bashk\u00ebpunimi me Kin\u00ebn. Dhe autoritetet kineze po ftojn\u00eb nj\u00eb num\u00ebr t\u00eb qytetar\u00ebve t\u00eb vendeve t\u00eb Ballkanit Per\u00ebndimor q\u00eb kan\u00eb studiuar n\u00eb Kin\u00eb, q\u00eb t\u00eb zhvillojn\u00eb lidhjet e tyre me akademin\u00eb kineze pas p\u00ebrfundimit t\u00eb studimeve. Disa prej k\u00ebtyre student\u00ebve kan\u00eb mbajtur pozitat e m\u00ebsimdh\u00ebnies n\u00eb Kin\u00eb, nd\u00ebrkaq t\u00eb tjer\u00ebt kan\u00eb marr\u00eb pjes\u00eb si konsulent\u00eb n\u00eb projekte t\u00eb ndryshme \u2013 m\u00eb s\u00eb shumti n\u00eb \u00e7\u00ebshtjet si historia dhe politika rajonale, dhe zhvillimi i projekteve. Disa prej tyre kan\u00eb zhvilluar programe dhe hulumtime t\u00eb reja n\u00eb universitetet n\u00eb rajon.<\/p>\n

N\u00eb vitet e fundit, universitetet dhe qendrat hulumtuese kineze kan\u00eb zhvilluar me shpejt\u00ebsi ekspertiz\u00ebn e tyre mbi vendet e Europ\u00ebs juglindore dhe qendrore.\u00a0Sot jan\u00eb gjithsej 23 departamente universitare dhe struktura t\u00eb tjera<\/a>\u00a0n\u00eb Kin\u00eb, nd\u00ebrkoh\u00eb q\u00eb n\u00eb dhjet\u00ebvje\u00e7arin e fundit, vendi ka themeluar 30 qendra t\u00eb tjera q\u00eb fokusohen n\u00eb shtetet e posa\u00e7me n\u00eb rajon. Instituti China-CEE i mb\u00ebshtetur nga Pekini dhe me baz\u00eb n\u00eb Budapest,\u00a0po b\u00ebhet qend\u00ebr<\/a>\u00a0gjithnj\u00eb e m\u00eb e r\u00ebnd\u00ebsishme p\u00ebr k\u00ebrkim dhe analiz\u00eb. Instituti ndihmon integrimin e ekspert\u00ebve pro kinez\u00eb n\u00eb komunitetet akademike, k\u00ebrkimore dhe analitike.<\/p>\n

Ambiciet infrastrukturore<\/strong><\/p>\n

Menj\u00ebher\u00eb pas kriz\u00ebs financiare t\u00eb vitit 2008, Kina arriti nj\u00eb shkall\u00eb t\u00eb ndikimit mbi infrastruktur\u00ebn detare t\u00eb Europ\u00ebs juglindore duke sht\u00ebn\u00eb n\u00eb dor\u00eb portin grek t\u00eb Pireut. Disksursi publik rreth korridorit tok\u00ebsor q\u00eb kalon nga porti drejt Europ\u00ebs qendrore dhe per\u00ebndimore e ka l\u00ebn\u00eb n\u00eb hije aktivitetin e Pekinit n\u00eb Ballkan. Prap\u00ebseprap\u00eb, p\u00ebrpjekjet kineze p\u00ebr t\u00eb sht\u00ebn\u00eb n\u00eb dor\u00eb portet e rajonit dhe p\u00ebr t\u00eb krijuar zona industriale ngjitur me to, datojn\u00eb q\u00eb n\u00eb fund t\u00eb viteve 2000. P\u00ebr shembull, n\u00eb Shqip\u00ebri kjo nism\u00eb fillimisht u\u00a0p\u00ebrqendrua n\u00eb portin e Durr\u00ebsit<\/a>. Q\u00eb at\u00ebher\u00eb, Kina \u00ebsht\u00eb p\u00ebrqendruar n\u00eb Vlor\u00eb \u2013 p\u00ebrkund\u00ebr ballafaqimit me pengesa t\u00eb ndryshme politike, shumica prej tyre t\u00eb krijuara nga hyrja e Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb n\u00eb NATO.<\/p>\n

Pekini ka vazhduar p\u00ebrpjekjet p\u00ebr t\u00eb p\u00ebrforcuar pozicionin p\u00ebrgjat\u00eb bregut Adriatik, si n\u00eb fush\u00ebn dypal\u00ebshe ashtu edhe n\u00eb 17+1. N\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb drejtim, konzorciumi\u00a0kinez\u00a0ofertoi<\/a>\u00a0m\u00eb 2020 p\u00ebr nd\u00ebrtimin e terminalit t\u00eb ri n\u00eb portin kroat t\u00eb Rijek\u00ebs. Para disa vitesh, firma kineze Luxury Real Estate Company\u00a0bleu askione<\/a>\u00a0n\u00eb portin kroat t\u00eb Zar\u00ebs. Momentalisht, Kina po\u00a0nd\u00ebrton linjat hekurudhore<\/a>\u00a0q\u00eb kalojn\u00eb p\u00ebrmes Kroacis\u00eb, vendeve tjera n\u00eb Adriatik, dhe shteteve t\u00eb Europ\u00ebs qendrore. Kjo nism\u00eb ka gjas\u00eb t\u00eb p\u00ebrshpejtohet, p\u00ebrderisa marr\u00ebdh\u00ebniet mes Zagrebit dhe Pekinit p\u00ebrmir\u00ebsohen n\u00eb vitet e ardhshme.<\/p>\n

K\u00ebto projekte lidhen gjithashtu me investimet tjera infrastrukturore t\u00eb Kin\u00ebs n\u00eb Ballkanin Per\u00ebndimor, sikurse ato n\u00eb hekurudha e rrug\u00eb n\u00eb Maqedonin\u00eb e Veriut, dhe n\u00eb zonat industriale n\u00eb rajon. Disa firma kineze tashm\u00eb kan\u00eb bler\u00eb tok\u00eb af\u00ebr rrjeteve hekurudhore n\u00eb pritje t\u00eb investimeve t\u00eb ardhshme. P\u00ebr shembull, ish qeveria e VMRO-DPMNE n\u00eb Maqedonin\u00eb e Veriut kishte plan t\u00eb themelonte zona t\u00eb ve\u00e7anta n\u00eb det t\u00eb hapur me p\u00ebrfshirjen kineze \u2013 por k\u00ebto plane nuk pat\u00ebn fryt. Poashtu, Kina ka apetit p\u00ebr qytetin malazez t\u00eb Barit, n\u00eb pritje t\u00eb nd\u00ebrtimit t\u00eb autostrad\u00ebs Bar-Boljare.<\/p>\n

N\u00ebse qeverit\u00eb e Ballkanit Per\u00ebndimor nuk jan\u00eb n\u00eb gjendje t\u00eb paguajn\u00eb huat\u00eb kineze p\u00ebr projekte t\u00eb tilla, ato mund t\u00eb obligohen kontraktualisht q\u00eb t\u2019i transferojn\u00eb Pekinit pron\u00ebsin\u00eb e porteve e aseteve t\u00eb ndyshme tok\u00ebsore.\u00a0 Kjo do t\u2019i jepte Kin\u00ebs fuqi t\u00eb konsiderueshme n\u00eb rajon. P\u00ebr shembull, Kina mund t\u00eb vazhdoj\u00eb\u00a0bashk\u00ebpunimin<\/a>\u00a0me Malin e Zi n\u00eb portin e Barit duke shfryt\u00ebzuar v\u00ebshtir\u00ebsit\u00eb e m\u00ebdha financiare t\u00eb pronar\u00ebve t\u00eb portit, gj\u00eb e cila mund ta \u00e7oj\u00eb n\u00eb dor\u00ebzim.<\/p>\n

Firmat kineze kan\u00eb menduar madje q\u00eb t\u00eb ofertojn\u00eb p\u00ebr projektet infrastrukturore n\u00eb Kosov\u00eb, p\u00ebrkund\u00ebr shansit shum\u00eb t\u00eb vog\u00ebl q\u00eb k\u00ebto oferta t\u00eb ken\u00eb sukses. Projektet e autostradave t\u00eb Pekinit n\u00eb Bosnje dhe Hercegovin\u00eb, dhe interesi i kahersh\u00ebm n\u00eb nd\u00ebrtimin e hekurudhave, jan\u00eb tregues t\u00eb tjer\u00eb t\u00eb ambicieve infrastrukturore kineze n\u00eb rajon. P\u00ebr gati nj\u00eb dhjet\u00ebvje\u00e7ar, Kina \u00ebsht\u00eb munduar t\u00eb fitoj\u00eb terren p\u00ebrgjat\u00eb bregut Adriatik (p\u00ebrkund\u00ebr faktit q\u00eb k\u00ebto p\u00ebrpjekje jan\u00eb b\u00ebr\u00eb pa u v\u00ebrejtur). An\u00ebtar\u00ebsia n\u00eb NATO e disa vendeve t\u00eb Ballkanit Per\u00ebndimor dhe lidhjet e tyre t\u00eb forta me Shtetet e Bashkuara i nd\u00ebrlikojn\u00eb k\u00ebto ambicie, por Kina ka treguar p\u00ebrqendrim mbres\u00ebl\u00ebn\u00ebs n\u00eb q\u00ebllimin e saj dhe nuk e ka mendjen t\u00eb ndalet.<\/p>\n

***<\/p>\n

\"Image\"<\/div>\n

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Ky artikull\u00a0mb\u00ebshtetet nga “Sbunker” p\u00ebrmes projektit t\u00eb financuar nga Ambasada Amerikane. Mendimet e shprehura k\u00ebtu jan\u00eb t\u00eb autorit\u00a0dhe jo medoemos pasqyrojn\u00eb q\u00ebndrimet e Departamentit t\u00eb Shtetit.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Qasja e formalizuar, gati shp\u00ebrfill\u00ebse e Kin\u00ebs karshi Ballkanit Per\u00ebndimor fsheh nj\u00eb shkatht\u00ebsi befasuese dhe q\u00ebllim strategjik. N\u00eb dhjet\u00ebvje\u00e7arin e fundit, vendi \u00ebsht\u00eb b\u00ebr\u00eb lojtari i tret\u00eb m\u00eb i spikatur n\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb pjes\u00eb t\u00eb fqinj\u00ebsis\u00eb s\u00eb Bashkimit Europian. Gjithnj\u00eb e m\u00eb shum\u00eb d\u00ebshmi jan\u00eb shfaqur se Pekini po e zgjeron dhe e ngulit pranin\u00eb n\u00ebp\u00ebr […]<\/p>","protected":false},"author":343,"featured_media":8343,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[13],"tags":[1297],"ppma_author":[355],"class_list":["post-2489","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-analize","tag-dragoi-i-zgjuar"],"authors":[{"term_id":355,"user_id":343,"is_guest":0,"slug":"vladimir-shopov","display_name":"Vladimir Shopov","avatar_url":{"url":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/vladimir-shopov-192x192-c-center.jpg","url2x":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/vladimir-shopov-192x192-c-center.jpg"},"user_url":"","last_name":"Shopov","first_name":"Vladimir","description":"Vladimir Shopov \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb bashk\u00ebpun\u00ebtor vizitues n\u00eb Programin e Evrop\u00ebs s\u00eb gjer\u00eb n\u00eb K\u00ebshillin Evropian p\u00ebr Marr\u00ebdh\u00ebniet e Jashtme. Ai ka qen\u00eb nj\u00eb lektor i jasht\u00ebm p\u00ebr Bashkimin Evropian, NATO, sigurin\u00eb dhe \u00e7\u00ebshtjet e Evrop\u00ebs Juglindore n\u00eb Institutin Diplomatik t\u00eb Ministris\u00eb Bullgare t\u00eb Pun\u00ebve t\u00eb Jashtme q\u00eb nga 2004."}],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2489","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/343"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2489"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2489\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2490,"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2489\/revisions\/2490"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/8343"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2489"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2489"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2489"},{"taxonomy":"author","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/ppma_author?post=2489"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}