Zhvillimet politike rreth dialogut me Serbin\u00eb n\u00eb mas\u00eb t\u00eb madhe e kan\u00eb larguar v\u00ebmendjen e gjith\u00eb spektrit politik\u00eb nga zhvillimet e brendshme, ve\u00e7mas n\u00eb zhvillimin ekonomik dhe promovimin e transparenc\u00ebs dhe llogaridh\u00ebnies, p\u00ebrmes krijimit t\u00eb nj\u00eb sistemi m\u00eb p\u00ebrfaq\u00ebsues brenda institucioneve t\u00eb vendit.<\/p>\n
Transparenca dhe llogaridh\u00ebnia jan\u00eb faktor kryesor p\u00ebr krijimin e nj\u00eb shoq\u00ebrie t\u00eb sh\u00ebndosh\u00eb, gjykuese dhe vendimmarr\u00ebse. E kjo e t\u00ebra krijohet p\u00ebrmes menaxhimit t\u00eb nj\u00eb sistemi zgjedhor transparent dhe q\u00eb i p\u00ebrshtatet ambientit n\u00eb t\u00eb cilin veprojm\u00eb.<\/p>\n
Kosova q\u00eb nga viti 1999 \u00a0\u00ebsht\u00eb lavd\u00ebruar si nj\u00eb nga shtetet e rralla t\u00eb dala nga lufta e q\u00eb ishte n\u00eb gjendje t\u00eb organizoj dhe menaxhoj nj\u00eb proces t\u00eb pranuesh\u00ebm zgjedhor, e n\u00eb t\u00eb gjitha k\u00ebto procese padyshim q\u00eb nuk ka munguar as mb\u00ebshtetja nd\u00ebrkomb\u00ebtare.<\/p>\n
Megjithat\u00eb, jan\u00eb hasur disa boshll\u00ebqe q\u00eb i kan\u00eb qit hije t\u00eb zez\u00eb procesit zgjedhor, por q\u00eb shoq\u00ebria kosovare gjithmon\u00eb ka insistuar n\u00eb iniciativ\u00ebn p\u00ebr t\u00eb reformuar procesin dhe p\u00ebr ta p\u00ebrshtatur at\u00eb me normativat me t\u00eb mira nd\u00ebrkomb\u00ebtare t\u00eb organizimit t\u00eb zgjedhjeve, por edhe p\u00ebrkund\u00ebr k\u00ebtyre iniciativave, vendi nuk po gjen konsensus t\u00eb mir\u00ebfillt\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u00eb vazhduar pun\u00ebn e filluar 7 vjet m\u00eb par\u00eb n\u00eb procesin e reform\u00ebs zgjedhore.<\/p>\n
Deklarativisht, t\u00eb gjith\u00eb akter\u00ebt politik jan\u00eb n\u00eb favor t\u00eb nj\u00eb reforme t\u00eb thell\u00eb zgjedhore, por praktikisht as partit\u00eb n\u00eb pozit\u00eb e as ato n\u00eb opozit\u00eb nuk kan\u00eb ndonj\u00eb interesim p\u00ebr ta p\u00ebrmbyllur k\u00ebt\u00eb proces. Reforma zgjedhore, si proces ka nisur menj\u00ebher\u00eb pas vendimit t\u00eb Gjykat\u00ebs Kushtetuese, ku zgjedhjen e Behxhet Pacollit si president t\u00eb vendit e konsideronte si jo kushtetuese.<\/p>\n
Komisioni i krijuar nga Kuvendi i Kosov\u00ebs n\u00eb at\u00eb koh\u00eb kishte arritur q\u00eb t\u00eb mbledh rreth vet\u00ebs disa ide dhe propozime se si t\u00eb trajtohet procesi zgjedhore.<\/p>\n
Nd\u00ebr propozimet ishin ndarja n\u00eb disa zona zgjedhore, ndryshimi i nivelit t\u00eb pragut zgjedhor, rishqyrtimi i vot\u00ebs preferenciale brenda nj\u00eb liste zgjedhore si dhe propozimi q\u00eb po thuajse m\u00eb s\u00eb shumti ka nxitur debat pro dhe kund\u00ebr \u00ebsht\u00eb natyra e listave zgjedhore, t\u00eb hapura apo t\u00eb mbyllura. Por e ter\u00eb puna e komisionit t\u00eb at\u00ebhersh\u00ebm ka mbetur n\u00eb nivel t\u00eb propozimeve dhe q\u00eb nga at\u00ebher\u00eb nuk ka pasur ndonj\u00eb l\u00ebvizje konkrete nga subjektet politike p\u00ebr k\u00ebt\u00eb \u00e7\u00ebshtje.<\/p>\n
Listat e hapura vs listat e mbyllura<\/strong><\/p>\n P\u00ebr reform\u00ebn zgjedhore si proces, partit\u00eb nuk kan\u00eb arritur t\u00eb pajtohen, jo p\u00ebr shkak t\u00eb dallimeve, por p\u00ebr shkak t\u00eb kalkulimeve politike. Nga ana tjet\u00ebr, shoq\u00ebria civile nd\u00ebr vite ka kontribuar me analiza t\u00eb sistemit zgjedhor, nga t\u00eb cilat dol\u00ebn propozime t\u00eb ndryshme, q\u00eb n\u00eb thelb kan\u00eb q\u00ebllimin e nj\u00ebjte, nj\u00eb sistem zgjedhor m\u00eb p\u00ebrfaq\u00ebsues si n\u00eb aspektin regjional ashtu edhe n\u00eb aspektin e llogaridh\u00ebnies.<\/p>\n Nj\u00eb sistem zgjedhor funksional k\u00ebrkon analiz\u00eb t\u00eb detajuar p\u00ebr t\u00eb leht\u00ebsuar vendimmarrjen dhe p\u00ebr t\u00eb ndihmuar p\u00ebrcaktimin e shoq\u00ebris\u00eb n\u00eb favor ose \u00a0jo t\u00eb listave t\u00eb hapura.<\/p>\n Kushtetuta e Republik\u00ebs s\u00eb Kosov\u00ebs n\u00eb nenin 64 t\u00eb saj e saksionin k\u00ebt\u00eb \u00e7\u00ebshtje dhe k\u00ebrkon q\u00eb votimi n\u00eb Kosov\u00eb t\u00eb behet p\u00ebrmes listave t\u00eb hapuar, andaj para p\u00ebrcaktimit pro ose kund\u00ebr listave t\u00eb hapura apo t\u00eb mbyllura, duhet t\u00eb merret parasysh ky element por edhe t\u00eb b\u00ebhet nj\u00eb analiz\u00eb e ep\u00ebrsive dhe t\u00eb metave t\u00eb secilit model, normalisht duke marr parasysh edhe specifikat e vendit.<\/p>\n P\u00ebr hapjen e listave n\u00eb Kosov\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb diskutuar menj\u00ebher\u00eb pas zgjedhjeve t\u00eb para nacionale, nd\u00ebrkoh\u00eb q\u00eb me lista t\u00eb hapura p\u00ebr her\u00eb t\u00eb par\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb votuar n\u00eb zgjedhjet e vitit 2007. Gjat\u00eb debatit t\u00eb fundit p\u00ebr reform\u00ebn zgjedhore, q\u00eb ka filluar qysh nga viti 2012, praktika e votimit me lista t\u00eb hapura \u00ebsht\u00eb v\u00ebn\u00eb n\u00eb pik\u00ebpyetja nga disa subjekte politike.<\/p>\n Shoq\u00ebria p\u00ebr shum\u00eb arsye duhet t\u00eb insistoj q\u00eb sistemi i votimit me lista t\u00eb hapura t\u00eb mbetet si alternativ\u00eb e vetme p\u00ebr votim. Nj\u00eb prej arsyeve se pse ky sistem \u00ebsht\u00eb me demokratik dhe me p\u00ebrfaq\u00ebsues \u00ebsht\u00eb se i siguron votuesve mund\u00ebsin\u00eb q\u00eb brenda list\u00ebs s\u00eb nj\u00eb subjekti politik t\u00eb votohet kandidati i tij i preferuar. Me k\u00ebt\u00eb, qytetar\u00ebt drejtp\u00ebrdrejt ndikojn\u00eb n\u00eb zgjedhjen e kandidat\u00ebve n\u00eb listat e ofruara nga partit\u00eb politike.<\/p>\n P\u00ebrpar\u00ebsi tjet\u00ebr e k\u00ebtij sistemi zgjedhore \u00ebsht\u00eb se zvog\u00eblon fuqin\u00eb e partis\u00eb q\u00eb mund t\u00eb jet\u00eb e centralizuar t\u00ebr\u00ebsisht brenda nj\u00eb grupi t\u00eb vog\u00ebl t\u00eb personave q\u00eb jan\u00eb af\u00ebr figurave ky\u00e7e brenda subjektit.<\/p>\n Lista e mbyllura nuk u mund\u00ebsojn\u00eb kandidat\u00ebve q\u00eb krahas fushat\u00ebs p\u00ebr partin\u00eb t\u00eb b\u00ebjn\u00eb fushat\u00eb edhe individuale; nuk promovojn\u00eb profilet e kandidat\u00ebve dhe parimet e tyre dhe n\u00eb t\u00eb nj\u00ebjt\u00ebn koh\u00eb nuk i b\u00ebn\u00eb ata t\u00eb af\u00ebrt me qytetarin.<\/p>\n Ky sistem i fsheh an\u00ebtar\u00ebt e listave prapa partive politike dhe nuk i nxjerr kandidat\u00ebt n\u00eb gar\u00eb t\u00eb drejtp\u00ebrdrejt\u00eb me rival\u00ebt e tyre. N\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb, n\u00eb zgjedhje votuesit votojn\u00eb jo p\u00ebr kandidat\u00eb t\u00eb ve\u00e7ant\u00eb, por p\u00ebr subjektet politike t\u00eb cilave ata i p\u00ebrkasin.<\/p>\n E met\u00eb e sistemit t\u00eb votimit me lista t\u00eb mbyllura \u00ebsht\u00eb se kandidat\u00ebt q\u00eb jan\u00eb pjes\u00eb e listave zgjedhore, e q\u00eb jan\u00eb t\u00eb renditur rreth fundit t\u00eb list\u00ebs, nuk kan\u00eb gjasa q\u00eb t\u00eb jen\u00eb pjes\u00eb e list\u00ebs se zgjedhur, kjo p\u00ebr faktin se mandatet e fituara nga subjekti i jepen kandidat\u00ebve duke respektuar renditjen e tyre n\u00eb list\u00ebn e brendshme zgjedhore t\u00eb subjektit. Kjo i b\u00ebn\u00eb ata t\u00eb jen\u00eb pjes\u00eb e list\u00ebs vet\u00ebm sa p\u00ebr t\u00eb plot\u00ebsuar k\u00ebrkes\u00ebn e partis\u00eb dhe si rezultat motivi i tyre p\u00ebr tu angazhuar p\u00ebr vete por edhe p\u00ebr partin\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb i barabart\u00eb me zero.<\/p>\n Listat e mbyllura mund\u00ebsojn\u00eb q\u00eb fondet partiake p\u00ebr fushat\u00eb shp\u00ebrndahen n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb selektive, gj\u00eb e cila i konvenon vet\u00ebm kreut t\u00eb list\u00ebs. Nj\u00eb praktik\u00eb e till\u00eb, duhet t\u00eb ndryshoj n\u00eb at\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb q\u00eb fondet p\u00ebr kandidat\u00ebt t\u00eb ndahen n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb proporcionale dhe t\u00eb barabart\u00eb n\u00eb mes t\u00eb kandidateve femra dhe meshkuj brenda subjektit politik\u00eb.<\/p>\n Ndarja e fondeve n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb proporcionale nga subjekti politik\u00eb p\u00ebr kandidat\u00ebt, do t\u00eb largonte mund\u00ebsin\u00eb e financimit nga fonde t\u00eb cilave nuk u dihet prejardhja, ose q\u00eb kan\u00eb si burim t\u00eb t\u00eb ardhurave t\u00eb hyrat nga veprime kriminale.<\/p>\n Efekti i vot\u00ebs preferenciale, \u00e7ka duhet t\u00eb p\u00ebrmir\u00ebsohet?<\/strong><\/p>\n \u00c7\u00ebshtjet problematike q\u00eb mund ta degradojn\u00eb sistemin e listave t\u00eb hapura jan\u00eb favorizimi i kandidat\u00ebve me fuqi t\u00eb madhe financiare dhe efekti i vot\u00ebs preferenciale. Kandidat\u00ebt me fuqi financiar p\u00ebrmes m\u00ebnyrave t\u00eb ndryshme, qoft\u00eb edhe duke bler\u00eb vot\u00ebn mund t\u00eb jet\u00eb ndikues n\u00eb p\u00ebrcaktimin e vullnetit t\u00eb trup\u00ebs elektorale, nd\u00ebrsa tek efekti i vot\u00ebs preferenciale ku aktualisht vota preferenciale \u00ebsht\u00eb p\u00ebr nj\u00eb list\u00eb kandidat\u00ebsh prej pes\u00eb emrash, procesi zgjedhor ka d\u00ebshmuar se votuesit n\u00eb jo pak raste nuk i kan\u00eb rrumbullak\u00ebsuar te t\u00eb pestit, ndaj kjo u ka dh\u00ebn\u00eb mund\u00ebsin\u00eb komisionar\u00ebve t\u00eb partive politike q\u00eb t\u00eb manipulojn\u00eb me ato flet\u00ebvotime, duke e cenuar vot\u00ebn e lir\u00eb dhe deformuar procesin zgjedhor.<\/p>\n E para duhet t\u00eb rregullohet p\u00ebrmes aprovimit t\u00eb Ligjit p\u00ebr Financimin e Partive Politike, me cka do t\u00eb p\u00ebrcaktoheshin kuotat dhe m\u00ebnyrat e financimit dhe e dyta p\u00ebrmes plot\u00ebsim ndryshimit t\u00eb ligjit zgjedhor<\/p>\n Pavar\u00ebsisht ndryshimeve q\u00eb pritet t\u00eb b\u00ebhen n\u00eb Ligjin zgjedhore, sistemi i votimit me listat e hapura duhet t\u00eb mbetet, por duhet t\u00eb modifikohet, duke e b\u00ebr\u00eb at\u00eb edhe me t\u00eb thjesht\u00eb p\u00ebr votuesin, duke i mund\u00ebsuar atij q\u00eb t\u00eb votoj vet\u00ebm p\u00ebr nj\u00eb kandidat brenda list\u00ebs zgjedhore.<\/p>\n Ky proces, do t\u00eb evitonte mund\u00ebsin\u00eb e p\u00ebrcaktimit t\u00eb vullnetit t\u00eb zgjedh\u00ebsve nga komisionar\u00ebt e partive politike, do thjeshtonte procesin e num\u00ebrimit si dhe do t\u00eb eliminonte n\u00eb mas\u00eb shum\u00eb t\u00eb madhe ndikimin e strukturave partiake p\u00ebr p\u00ebrcaktimin ose imponimin e vullnetit t\u00eb tyre ndaj votuesve.<\/p>\n —-<\/p>\n Ky shkrim mb\u00ebshtetet nga D4D, si pjes\u00eb\u00a0e projektit ‘Avancimi i proceseve demokratike’ financuar nga\u00a0Departamenti Federal i Pun\u00ebve t\u00eb\u00a0Jashtme t\u00eb\u00a0Zvicr\u00ebs.<\/em><\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" Zhvillimet politike rreth dialogut me Serbin\u00eb n\u00eb mas\u00eb t\u00eb madhe e kan\u00eb larguar v\u00ebmendjen e gjith\u00eb spektrit politik\u00eb nga zhvillimet e brendshme, ve\u00e7mas n\u00eb zhvillimin ekonomik dhe promovimin e transparenc\u00ebs dhe llogaridh\u00ebnies, p\u00ebrmes krijimit t\u00eb nj\u00eb sistemi m\u00eb p\u00ebrfaq\u00ebsues brenda institucioneve t\u00eb vendit. Transparenca dhe llogaridh\u00ebnia jan\u00eb faktor kryesor p\u00ebr krijimin e nj\u00eb shoq\u00ebrie t\u00eb […]<\/p>","protected":false},"author":474,"featured_media":8105,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[13],"tags":[1252],"ppma_author":[1257],"class_list":["post-2847","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-analize","tag-zgjedhje-zgjidhje"],"authors":[{"term_id":1257,"user_id":474,"is_guest":0,"slug":"asdren-osaj","display_name":"Asdren Osaj","avatar_url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/63328e2a270a8638ac5c757641718de80bbe9f43700c87034abb47b019fc5754?s=96&d=mm&r=g","user_url":"","last_name":"Osaj","first_name":"Asdren","description":""}],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2847","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/474"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2847"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2847\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2848,"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2847\/revisions\/2848"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/8105"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2847"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2847"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2847"},{"taxonomy":"author","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/ppma_author?post=2847"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}