{"id":3494,"date":"2017-02-16T13:52:59","date_gmt":"2017-02-16T11:52:59","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/?p=3494"},"modified":"2024-10-17T15:06:23","modified_gmt":"2024-10-17T13:06:23","slug":"politika-e-frikes-pjesa-i","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/en\/opinion\/politika-e-frikes-pjesa-i\/","title":{"rendered":"Politika e Frik\u00ebs (Pjesa I)"},"content":{"rendered":"
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Politika e Frik\u00ebs (Pjesa I)<\/h3>\n

Njer?zit reagojn? ndaj frik?s, jo ndaj dashuris?. At? nuk e m?sojn? n? shkoll?n e s? diel?s, por ?sht? e v?rtet?. ?Richard M. Nixon<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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Zgjerimi n\u00eb terren i partive t\u00eb ekstremit t\u00eb djatht\u00eb n\u00eb Evrop\u00eb dhe jo vet\u00ebm, po shoq\u00ebrohet me nj\u00eb populiz\u00ebm t\u00eb theksuar frik\u00ebnxit\u00ebs e ultranacionalist. Populist\u00ebt e koh\u00ebve t\u00eb sotme po i sh\u00ebrbejn\u00eb me t\u00eb madhe frik\u00eb opinionit duke adresuar si k\u00ebrc\u00ebnim ndaj mir\u00ebqenies dhe siguris\u00eb kryesisht faktor\u00eb t\u00eb jasht\u00ebm.<\/p>\n

Frika ka z\u00ebn\u00eb hap\u00ebsir\u00ebn m\u00eb t\u00eb madhe n\u00eb diskursin publik n\u00eb bot\u00ebn per\u00ebndimore, e sponsorizuar \u00a0nga politikan\u00eb t\u00eb ekstremit t\u00eb djatht\u00eb (ndonj\u00ebher\u00eb edhe t\u00eb majt\u00eb) t\u00eb cil\u00ebt problemet e globalizmit, liberalizmit politik dhe ekonomik ngarendin t\u2019i paraqesin si k\u00ebrc\u00ebnime ndaj identiteteve komb\u00ebtare e kulturore. Sociologu polak, tashm\u00eb i ndjer\u00eb, Zigmund Bauman, duke analizuar ngjarjet e koh\u00ebve t\u00eb fundit thekson se: \u201cFrika \u00ebsht\u00eb ndoshta gj\u00ebja m\u00eb e keqe e demon\u00ebve q\u00eb ka nd\u00ebrtuar fole n\u00eb shoq\u00ebrit\u00eb e hapura t\u00eb koh\u00ebs s\u00eb sotme.\u201d Ngjarje si fluksi i emigrant\u00ebve apo dyndjet e refugjat\u00ebve, sulmet terroriste dhe pasiguria ekonomike kan\u00eb krijuar terren t\u00eb p\u00ebrshtatsh\u00ebm p\u00ebr shfaqjen n\u00eb sken\u00eb t\u00eb kuazi-kujdestar\u00ebve (lexo: demagog\u00ebve) t\u00eb kombeve per\u00ebndimore.<\/p>\n

N\u00eb Evrop\u00eb e Amerik\u00eb sot mund t\u00eb d\u00ebgjosh kudo p\u00ebr \u201crinacionalizim\u201d apo mure \u201cmbrojt\u00ebse\u201d, me q\u00ebllim t\u00eb mbajtjes s\u00eb t\u00eb \u201ctjer\u00ebve\u201d, t\u00eb ndrysh\u00ebm, dhe shpesh t\u00eb cil\u00ebsuar si devijant\u00eb, jasht\u00eb. \u00a0Politika e kufijve nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb trumbetuar pothuajse asnj\u00ebher\u00eb m\u00eb shum\u00eb q\u00eb nga lufta e ftoht\u00eb. Parti dhe lider\u00eb populist\u00eb q\u00eb evokojn\u00eb t\u00eb kaluarat nacionaliste n\u00eb form\u00ebn e narracioneve identitare n\u00eb forma dhe vende t\u00eb ndryshme. Disa duke rritur p\u00ebrkrahjen p\u00ebrmes val\u00ebvimit t\u00eb lidhjeve ambivalente me nazizmin dhe fashizmin (p. sh. n\u00eb Austri, Hungari, Rumani, Itali), t\u00eb tjer\u00eb duke u fokusuar n\u00eb konceptimin e nj\u00eb feje (islami) si k\u00ebrc\u00ebnim (Holand\u00eb, Danimark\u00eb, Poloni, Suedi, SHBA etj.) apo duke p\u00ebrqendruar propagand\u00ebn e tyre n\u00eb perceptimin e rreziqeve ndaj identiteteve nacionale nga minoritetet etnike, emigrant\u00ebt dhe refugjat\u00ebt (Greqi, Britani e Madhe, Itali, Franc\u00eb, SHBA).<\/p>\n

Por, \u00e7ka n\u00eb t\u00eb v\u00ebrtet\u00eb fshihet pas k\u00ebsaj shfaqjeje politike q\u00eb po merr terren gjithnj\u00eb e m\u00eb t\u00eb madh n\u00eb sken\u00ebn politike per\u00ebndimore, dhe cilat jan\u00eb pasojat e saj?<\/p>\n

Arritjes s\u00eb nj\u00eb p\u00ebrgjigje eventuale i nevojitet fillimisht nj\u00eb v\u00ebshtrim mbi procesin dhe m\u00ebnyr\u00ebn e p\u00ebrdorimit t\u00eb frik\u00ebs n\u00eb politik\u00eb. Dick Pels, sociolog holandez, thot\u00eb se do t\u00eb ishte e rrezikshme ta trajtojm\u00eb populizmin modern n\u00eb munges\u00eb t\u00eb p\u00ebrmbajtjes dhe ta reduktojm\u00eb n\u00eb nj\u00eb \u2018mendjeleht\u00ebsi t\u00eb shprehjes, dukjes apo stilit\u2019 pa shikuar terrenin (korniz\u00ebn), mesazhet dhe rezonanc\u00ebn e tij. \u00cbsht\u00eb esenciale t\u00eb njihet, thot\u00eb ai, substanca prapa k\u00ebsaj shfaqjeje politike, se propaganda populiste p\u00ebrb\u00ebn nj\u00eb kombinim t\u00eb form\u00ebs dhe t\u00eb p\u00ebrmbajtjes, nj\u00eb cak specifik t\u00eb audienc\u00ebs dhe adaptim t\u00eb caktuar t\u00eb kontekstit.<\/p>\n

N\u00eb ecurin\u00eb e zhvillimeve politike, kjo p\u00ebrmbajtje p\u00ebrshkohet nga nj\u00eb proces legjitimimi p\u00ebr t\u00eb shpjeguar dhe justifikuar nj\u00eb rend t\u00eb supozuar (propozuar) t\u00eb vlerave\/ideve, jo domosdoshm\u00ebrisht i ri, por i ndrysh\u00ebm nga ai pararend\u00ebs ose aktual, n\u00eb t\u00eb cilin, sipas propaganduesve populist\u00eb q\u00ebndron zgjidhja e \u00e7do problemi apo sigurimi i popullit (populist\u00ebt gjithmon\u00eb thirren n\u00eb vullnetin e popullit\/kombit duke pretenduar p\u00ebrfaq\u00ebsimin e gjer\u00eb t\u00eb tij).<\/p>\n

N\u00eb kritik\u00ebn ndaj diskursit legjitimues, studiuesit T. Van Leeuwen dhe R. Wodak [1], theksojn\u00eb kat\u00ebr kategori kryesore legjitimiteti: autoriteti, racionaliteti, vler\u00ebsimi moral, dhe miti. N\u00eb vrojtimin e populizmit, zakonisht hasen vet\u00ebm vler\u00ebsimi moral, i cili bazohet n\u00eb nj\u00eb rend moral vlerash, dhe miti ose procesi i mitkrijimit p\u00ebrmes narrativave kryesisht t\u00eb bazuara n\u00eb ngjarje t\u00eb fragmentuara historike. Legjitimimi p\u00ebrmes k\u00ebtyre dy kategorive vepruese vihet n\u00eb funksion t\u00eb \u2018kuadratizimit\u2019 t\u00eb shoq\u00ebris\u00eb sipas projeksioneve populiste dhe definimit e margjinalizimit \u201ct\u00eb tjetrit\u201d n\u00eb koordinata sa m\u00eb t\u00eb dallueshme n\u00eb sy t\u00eb publikut.<\/p>\n

Qart\u00ebsisht, nj\u00eb ecje e till\u00eb politike synon q\u00eb rrug\u00ebn ta b\u00ebj\u00eb sa m\u00eb t\u00eb drejt\u00eb dhe t\u00eb ngusht\u00eb nj\u00ebkoh\u00ebsisht.\u00a0\u201cPopulizmi thjesht\u00ebson zhvillimet komplekse shoq\u00ebrore duke k\u00ebrkuar keqb\u00ebr\u00ebs<\/em>\u201d, thot\u00eb politologu Anton Pelinka. K\u00ebrkimi i keqb\u00ebr\u00ebsve ka t\u00eb b\u00ebj\u00eb me konstruktimin real t\u00eb armiqve imagjinar\u00eb q\u00eb n\u00eb shumic\u00ebn e rasteve \u2018jan\u00eb\u2019 t\u00eb jasht\u00ebm ose t\u00eb huaj. Ata ndonj\u00ebher\u00eb mund t\u00eb jen\u00eb hebrenj, ndonj\u00ebher\u00eb musliman\u00eb, ndonj\u00ebher\u00eb rom\u00eb ose pakica t\u00eb tjera etnike, ndonj\u00ebher\u00eb mund t\u00eb jen\u00eb kapitalist\u00eb, ndonj\u00ebher\u00eb socialist\u00eb, ndonj\u00ebher\u00eb organizata t\u00eb m\u00ebdha, ndonj\u00ebher\u00eb BE ose SHBA, e k\u00ebshtu me radh\u00eb. Pra, \u00e7dokush mundet potencialisht t\u00eb jet\u00eb ose t\u00eb konceptohet si \u201cata\u201d ose \u201ct\u00eb ndryshmit\u201d e rreziksh\u00ebm, t\u00eb cil\u00ebt jan\u00eb fajtor\u00eb p\u00ebr problemet aktuale dhe var\u00ebsisht nga rrethanat politiko-kulturore \u00ebsht\u00eb edhe ndjeshm\u00ebria e popullsis\u00eb vendase ndaj nj\u00ebrit prej identiteteve t\u00eb lartp\u00ebrmendura e cila ndikon n\u00eb p\u00ebrcaktimin e armikut nga populist\u00ebt.<\/p>\n

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\n[1] Van Leeuwen, T., Wodak, R. 1999. Legitimizing immigration control: a discourse historical analysis. Discourse studies, Vol. 1, No. 1: pp. 83-118.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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16 shkurt 2017
\n13:52<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

Lirim Krasniqi<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Politika e Frik\u00ebs (Pjesa I) Njer?zit reagojn? ndaj frik?s, jo ndaj dashuris?. At? nuk e m?sojn? n? shkoll?n e s? diel?s, por ?sht? e v?rtet?. ?Richard M. Nixon Zgjerimi n\u00eb terren i partive t\u00eb ekstremit t\u00eb djatht\u00eb n\u00eb Evrop\u00eb dhe jo vet\u00ebm, po shoq\u00ebrohet me nj\u00eb populiz\u00ebm t\u00eb theksuar frik\u00ebnxit\u00ebs e ultranacionalist. Populist\u00ebt e koh\u00ebve […]<\/p>","protected":false},"author":149,"featured_media":8396,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[9],"tags":[],"ppma_author":[177],"class_list":["post-3494","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-opinion"],"authors":[{"term_id":177,"user_id":149,"is_guest":0,"slug":"lirim-krasniqi","display_name":"Lirim Krasniqi","avatar_url":{"url":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/download-9-3.jpg","url2x":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/download-9-3.jpg"},"user_url":"","last_name":"Krasniqi","first_name":"Lirim","description":"Lirim Krasniqi \u00ebsht\u00eb Analist i politikave dhe Menaxher i projekteve n\u00eb Organizat\u00ebn joqeveritare GERMIN, organizat\u00eb kjo q\u00eb mb\u00ebshtet parimet dhe idealet e saj n\u00eb besimin se diaspora luan rol t\u00eb gjer\u00eb dhe proaktiv n\u00eb zhvillimin pozitiv t\u00eb vendeve t\u00eb Ballkanit per\u00ebndimor, aty ku jetojn\u00eb shqiptar\u00ebt."}],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3494","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/149"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3494"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3494\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":3495,"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3494\/revisions\/3495"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/8396"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3494"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=3494"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=3494"},{"taxonomy":"author","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/ppma_author?post=3494"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}