{"id":3509,"date":"2017-02-27T11:52:05","date_gmt":"2017-02-27T09:52:05","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/?p=3509"},"modified":"2024-12-17T11:54:53","modified_gmt":"2024-12-17T09:54:53","slug":"taksa-per-rtk-ne-dhe-inkasimi-i-saj-nepermjet-faturave-te-energjise-elektrike-aspektet-kushtetuese","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/en\/analize\/taksa-per-rtk-ne-dhe-inkasimi-i-saj-nepermjet-faturave-te-energjise-elektrike-aspektet-kushtetuese\/","title":{"rendered":"Taksa p\u00ebr RTK-n\u00eb dhe inkasimi i saj n\u00ebp\u00ebrmjet faturave t\u00eb energjis\u00eb elektrike: aspektet kushtetuese"},"content":{"rendered":"
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Aktualisht, Kuvendi i Kosov\u00ebs \u00ebsht\u00eb duke shqyrtuar mund\u00ebsin\u00eb e amendamentimit t\u00eb Ligjit p\u00ebr RTK-n\u00eb. Ndryshimet e propozuara, nd\u00ebr t\u00eb tjera, parashohin parapagimin e RTK-s\u00eb nga ekonomit\u00eb familjare dhe personat juridik n\u00eb vler\u00eb prej 2.5 Euro dhe inkasimin e saj n\u00ebp\u00ebrmjet faturave t\u00eb KEDS-it.<\/p>\n

Kjo form\u00eb e financimit t\u00eb RTK-s\u00eb ka qen\u00eb objekt i shqyrtimit t\u00eb pjessh\u00ebm t\u00eb\u00a0Gjykat\u00ebs Kushtetuese<\/a>\u00a0n\u00eb vitin 2009. Megjithat\u00eb, Gjykata\u00a0nuk kishte arritur t\u00eb vendos\u00eb\u00a0<\/a>n\u00eb meritat e rastit p\u00ebr arsye procedurale. Q\u00eb nga viti 2009 ka mbetur e vagullt n\u00ebse taksa p\u00ebr RTK-n\u00eb dhe inkasimi i saj c\u00ebnojn\u00eb t\u00eb i) drejt\u00ebn ne pron\u00eb, ii) lirin\u00eb e pranimit t\u00eb informacionit dhe iii) t\u00eb drejt\u00ebn p\u00ebr respektimin e jet\u00ebs private dhe familjare. Ky shkrim provon t\u00eb sqaroj\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb relacion t\u00eb taks\u00ebs p\u00ebr RTK-n\u00eb me t\u00eb drejtat e garantuara n\u00eb Kushtetut\u00eb dhe Konvent\u00ebn Evropiane p\u00ebr t\u00eb Drejtat e Njeriut (KEDNJ).<\/p>\n

I. Taksa p\u00ebr RTK-n\u00eb dhe e drejta n\u00eb pron\u00eb<\/strong><\/p>\n

Taksa e vendosur nga ligjv\u00ebn\u00ebsi e detyron qytetarin t\u00eb paguaj\u00eb nj\u00eb shum\u00eb nga pasuria e tij p\u00ebr q\u00ebllime t\u00eb caktuara nga shteti. Rrjedhimisht, \u00e7do taks\u00eb, p\u00ebrfshir\u00eb taks\u00ebn e dedikuar p\u00ebr RTK-n\u00eb, prek pron\u00ebn e individit, respektivisht pasurin\u00eb e tij. Sipas Gjykat\u00ebs s\u00eb Strasburgut, nd\u00ebrhyrja e shtetit n\u00eb pasurin\u00eb e individit \u00ebsht\u00eb e ligjshme vet\u00ebm n\u00ebse a.) \u00ebsht\u00eb e parapar\u00eb me ligj, b.) \u00ebsht\u00eb e parapar\u00eb p\u00ebr interesin publik dhe c.) vlera e caktuar paraqet ngarkes\u00eb proporcionale p\u00ebr qytetarin.<\/p>\n

1.1. Parapagimi (taksa) t\u00eb parashihet me ligj<\/strong><\/p>\n

Neni 1 i Protokollit 1 t\u00eb KEDNJ-s\u00eb parasheh mund\u00ebsin\u00eb e privimit t\u00eb personit fizik ose juridik nga prona e tij vet\u00ebm \u201cn\u00eb kushtet e parashikuara nga ligji\u201d. P\u00ebr k\u00ebt\u00eb arsye, shuma, forma e ark\u00ebtimit, subjektet e p\u00ebrjashtuara nga ky obligim, sanksionet dhe \u00e7\u00ebshtjet tjera q\u00eb nd\u00ebrlidhen me parapagimin e RTK-s\u00eb duhet t\u00eb jen\u00eb t\u00eb specifikuara n\u00eb ligj dhe jo n\u00eb akte t\u00eb tjera t\u00eb institucioneve publike. Ligji aktual p\u00ebr RTK-n\u00eb nuk parasheh shum\u00ebn e parapagimit, form\u00ebn e ark\u00ebtimit dhe sanksionet n\u00eb rast t\u00eb mospagimit t\u00eb taks\u00ebs (shih nenin 22 t\u00eb ligjit aktual). Vlera e taks\u00ebs caktohet dhe ndryshohet duke amendamentuar ligjin aktual.<\/p>\n

1.2. T\u2019i sh\u00ebrbej\u00eb interesit publik<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u00c7do transmetues publik n\u00eb nj\u00eb shoq\u00ebri demokratike ka p\u00ebr q\u00ebllim\u00a0t\u2019i sh\u00ebrbej\u00eb interesit t\u00eb p\u00ebrgjithsh\u00ebm.<\/a>\u00a0Ky q\u00ebllim i transmetuesit publik t\u00eb Kosov\u00ebs parashihet edhe n\u00eb nenin 7 t\u00eb Ligjit p\u00ebr RTK-n\u00eb. K\u00ebt\u00eb funksion t\u00eb transmetuesit audiovizuel e \u201cnjeh dhe e pranon\u201d edhe Gjykata Kushtetuese n\u00eb Vendimin KI 11\/09.<\/p>\n

1.3. T\u00eb jet\u00eb proporcional<\/strong><\/p>\n

P\u00ebr q\u00ebllime t\u00eb parapagimit t\u00eb RTK-s\u00eb, parimi i proporcionalitetit k\u00ebrkon,\u00a0nd\u00ebr t\u00eb tjera<\/em>, q\u00eb vlera e taks\u00ebs s\u00eb dedikuar p\u00ebr transmetuesin publik t\u00eb mos krijoj\u00eb ngarkes\u00eb t\u00eb tepruar p\u00ebr taksapaguesin. N\u00eb rastin\u00a0KI 11\/09<\/a>\u00a0Gjykata Kushtetuese kishte shqyrtuar,\u00a0nd\u00ebr t\u00eb tjera<\/em>, n\u00ebse vlera e parapagimit t\u00eb RTK-s\u00eb prej 3.5 Euro paraqet ngarkes\u00eb proporcionale me t\u00eb ardhurat e ankuesit. Ankuesi n\u00eb rastin n\u00eb fjal\u00eb kishte 40 Euro t\u00eb ardhura mujore nga pensioni. Vlera e parapagimit p\u00ebr RTK-n\u00eb arrinte afro 10% e t\u00eb ardhurave mujore t\u00eb ankuesit. Gjykata kishte vler\u00ebsuar se shuma prej 3.5 Euro paraqet nj\u00eb \u00e7\u00ebshtje shqet\u00ebsuese jo vet\u00ebm p\u00ebr ankuesin si person fizik por \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb \u00e7\u00ebshtje e karakterit publik. Duke e konstatuar si jo t\u00eb arsyesh\u00ebm vler\u00ebn e taks\u00ebs p\u00ebr RTK-n\u00eb, Gjykata Kushtetuese kishte caktuar mas\u00eb t\u00eb p\u00ebrkohshme ndaj dispozit\u00ebs ligjore q\u00eb parashihte vler\u00ebn 3.5 Euro p\u00ebr parapagim t\u00eb RTK-s\u00eb. P\u00ebr m\u00eb tep\u00ebr, Gjykata kishte k\u00ebrkuar q\u00eb dispozita ligjore p\u00ebr caktimin e vler\u00ebs s\u00eb parapagimit t\u00eb rishikohet duke marr\u00eb n\u00eb konsiderat\u00eb praktikat e vendeve n\u00eb t\u00eb cilat ekziston forma e parapagimit p\u00ebr transmetuesin publik.<\/p>\n

N\u00eb baz\u00eb t\u00eb k\u00ebsaj, \u00e7\u00ebshtja kryesore e parapagimit nd\u00ebrlidhet me vler\u00ebn e taks\u00ebs dhe jo me form\u00ebn e inkasimit t\u00eb saj. Vlera e taks\u00ebs p\u00ebr RTK-n\u00eb duhet t\u00eb caktohet duke marr\u00eb parasysh t\u00eb ardhurat e qytetar\u00ebve dhe kushtet e p\u00ebrgjithshme ekonomiko-sociale n\u00eb vend. Kuvendi duhet t\u00eb debatoj\u00eb dhe arsyetoj\u00eb para qytetar\u00ebve p\u00ebr caktimin e vler\u00ebs s\u00eb taks\u00ebs.<\/p>\n

Shembujt nga vendet ku ekziston parapagimi p\u00ebr transmetuesin publik tregojn\u00eb se ligjv\u00ebn\u00ebsit i kan\u00eb kushtuar v\u00ebmendje t\u00eb ardhurave t\u00eb qytetar\u00ebve n\u00eb caktimin e vler\u00ebs s\u00eb taks\u00ebs. P\u00ebr ilustrim,\u00a0n\u00eb Portugali<\/a>, parapagimi mujor p\u00ebr ekonomin\u00eb familjare \u00ebsht\u00eb 2.65 Euro, nd\u00ebrsa\u00a0n\u00eb Greqi\u00a0<\/a>\u00ebsht\u00eb 3 Euro n\u00eb muaj, p\u00ebrkat\u00ebsisht 0.3% e pag\u00ebs minimale n\u00eb t\u00eb dyja vendet. Sigurisht se shuma e parapagimit p\u00ebr transmetuesin publik dallon nga vendi n\u00eb vend dhe ligjv\u00ebn\u00ebsi ka diskrecion n\u00eb caktimin e lart\u00ebsis\u00eb s\u00eb saj p\u00ebrderisa barazpeshon k\u00ebrkesat e transmetuesit publik me t\u00eb ardhurat e taksapaguesit dhe gjendjen e pergjithshme ekonomiko-sociale n\u00eb vend.<\/p>\n

II. Liria n\u00eb pranimin e informacionit publik dhe e drejta n\u00eb\u00a0 jet\u00ebn private dhe familjare<\/strong><\/p>\n

Gjykata e Strasburgut n\u00eb rastin\u00a0Faccio kund\u00ebr Italis\u00eb<\/a>\u00a0ka shqyrtuar n\u00ebse taksa p\u00ebr transmetuesin publik (a) cenon lirin\u00eb e pranimit t\u00eb informacionit publik dhe (b) n\u00ebse sanksioni n\u00eb rast t\u00eb mosrealizimit t\u00eb parapagimit cenon t\u00eb drejt\u00ebn n\u00eb jet\u00ebn private. Gjykata ka sqaruar se liria e pranimit t\u00eb informacionit nuk n\u00ebnkupton pranimin e informacionit pa pages\u00eb prandaj parasheh kushtet ligjore t\u00eb realizimit t\u00eb saj. Gjithashtu, sanksionet e nd\u00ebrmarra me q\u00ebllim t\u00eb detyrimit t\u00eb qytetar\u00ebve p\u00ebr realizimin e pages\u00ebs p\u00ebr transmetuesin publik konsiderohen t\u00eb arsyeshme.<\/p>\n

III. Ark\u00ebtimi i taks\u00ebs p\u00ebr RTK-n\u00eb n\u00ebp\u00ebrmjet KEDS-it<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u00cbsht\u00eb praktik\u00eb e shteteve evropiane q\u00eb inkasimi i nj\u00eb takse apo kontributi t\u00eb dedikuar t\u00eb grumbullohet n\u00ebp\u00ebrmjet nj\u00eb institucioni tjet\u00ebr.\u00a0Ligjv\u00ebn\u00ebsi g\u00ebzon t\u00eb drejt\u00ebn<\/a>\u00a0e caktimit t\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00ebs s\u00eb pages\u00ebs dhe form\u00ebs s\u00eb grumbullimit t\u00eb saj. N\u00eb Itali, Portugali dhe Greqi, pagesa p\u00ebr transmetuesin publik ngarkohet n\u00eb fatur\u00ebn e energjis\u00eb elektrike, nd\u00ebrsa n\u00eb Franc\u00eb n\u00eb taks\u00ebn e banimit. Gjykata m\u00eb e lart\u00eb administrative n\u00eb Itali, n\u00eb\u00a0vendimin<\/a>\u00a0e dat\u00ebs 26 prill 2016 e ka konfirmuar si t\u00eb ligjsh\u00ebm obligimin p\u00ebr t\u00eb parapaguar transmetuesit publik n\u00eb fatur\u00ebn e energjis\u00eb elektrike.<\/p>\n

IV. P\u00ebrfundim<\/strong><\/p>\n

Parapagimi \u00ebsht\u00eb form\u00eb e financimit t\u00eb transmetuesit publik q\u00eb mund\u00ebson shk\u00ebputjen e var\u00ebsis\u00eb financiare t\u00eb RTK-s\u00eb nga Kuvendi. Pavar\u00ebsia financiare \u00ebsht\u00eb parakusht p\u00ebr pavar\u00ebsin\u00eb editoriale t\u00eb transmetuesit. K\u00ebsisoji, taksa p\u00ebr RTK-n\u00eb rrjedh nga ideja se RTK do t\u2019i sh\u00ebrbej\u00eb interesit t\u00eb p\u00ebrgjithsh\u00ebm. Nevoja p\u00ebr parapagim duhet t\u00eb realizohet n\u00eb rrug\u00eb ligjore q\u00eb nuk bie ndesh me Kushtetut\u00ebn e vendit dhe KEDNJ. Q\u00eb kjo t\u00eb arrihet, ligji duhet t\u00eb ket\u00eb vler\u00ebn e taks\u00ebs dhe sanksionin p\u00ebr mospages\u00eb (t\u00eb dyja k\u00ebto i mungojn\u00eb ligjit aktual). Vlera e taks\u00ebs duhet t\u00eb jet\u00eb fikse dhe t\u00eb bazohet jo vet\u00ebm n\u00eb nevojat e transmetuesit, si\u00e7 parasheh neni 22 i ligjit aktual, por edhe n\u00eb ngarkes\u00ebn p\u00ebr taksapaguesit.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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Aktualisht, Kuvendi i Kosov\u00ebs \u00ebsht\u00eb duke shqyrtuar mund\u00ebsin\u00eb e amendamentimit t\u00eb Ligjit p\u00ebr RTK-n\u00eb. Ndryshimet e propozuara, nd\u00ebr t\u00eb tjera, parashohin parapagimin e RTK-s\u00eb nga ekonomit\u00eb familjare dhe personat juridik n\u00eb vler\u00eb prej 2.5 Euro dhe inkasimin e saj n\u00ebp\u00ebrmjet faturave t\u00eb KEDS-it. Kjo form\u00eb e financimit t\u00eb RTK-s\u00eb ka qen\u00eb objekt i shqyrtimit t\u00eb […]<\/p>","protected":false},"author":283,"featured_media":11243,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[13],"tags":[1073,1457],"ppma_author":[295],"class_list":["post-3509","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-analize","tag-rtk","tag-taksa"],"authors":[{"term_id":295,"user_id":283,"is_guest":0,"slug":"kushtrim-istrefi","display_name":"Kushtrim Istrefi","avatar_url":{"url":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/rebo-kushtrim-istrefi.jpg","url2x":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/rebo-kushtrim-istrefi.jpg"},"user_url":"","last_name":"Istrefi","first_name":"Kushtrim","description":"Dr. Kushtrim Istrefi \u00ebsht\u00eb Profesor Asistent i t\u00eb drejtave t\u00eb njeriut dhe t\u00eb drejt\u00ebs nd\u00ebrkomb\u00ebtare n\u00eb Universitetin e Utrehtit."}],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3509","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/283"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3509"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3509\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":11244,"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3509\/revisions\/11244"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/11243"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3509"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=3509"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=3509"},{"taxonomy":"author","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/ppma_author?post=3509"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}