{"id":3845,"date":"2019-02-04T16:57:05","date_gmt":"2019-02-04T14:57:05","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/?p=3845"},"modified":"2024-11-13T17:04:50","modified_gmt":"2024-11-13T15:04:50","slug":"kur-taksat-shnderrohen-ne-vjedhje-nga-ana-e-shtetit","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/en\/analize\/kur-taksat-shnderrohen-ne-vjedhje-nga-ana-e-shtetit\/","title":{"rendered":"Kur taksat shnd\u00ebrrohen n\u00eb vjedhje nga ana e shtetit"},"content":{"rendered":"
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Para rreth kat\u00ebr muajsh, kur ende rrug\u00ebt n\u00eb bjeshk\u00ebt e Tropoj\u00ebs ishin t\u00eb hapura, nd\u00ebrmora nj\u00eb udh\u00ebtim n\u00eb Dob\u00ebrdol, q\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb nd\u00ebr perlat alpine t\u00eb Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb. B\u00ebhet fjal\u00eb p\u00ebr skajin verilindor t\u00eb Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb ku bashohen kufijt\u00eb e Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb, Kosov\u00ebs dhe Malit t\u00eb Zi me nj\u00eb potencial t\u00eb jasht\u00ebzakonsh\u00ebm p\u00ebr turiz\u00ebm malor e madje edhe p\u00ebr skijim por q\u00eb ende neglizhohet e lihet pa shfryt\u00ebzuar. \u00e7do lexuesi ia rekomandoj fort\u00eb q\u00eb ta eksploroj\u00eb at\u00eb zon\u00eb marram\u00ebndese por nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb ky thelbi i artikullit. Nj\u00eb nd\u00ebr gj\u00ebrat e para q\u00eb t\u00eb bie n\u00eb sy e ta k\u00ebput shpirtin \u00ebsht\u00eb mungesa totale e infrastruktur\u00ebs. Rrug\u00ebt jan\u00eb ato q\u00eb i ka pas l\u00ebn\u00eb ushtria popullore e RPSSH dikur e vendosur n\u00eb mas\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u00eb mbrojtur kufijt\u00eb por tani jan\u00eb t\u00eb mbushura me balt\u00eb e jan\u00eb t\u00eb kap\u00ebrcyeshme vet\u00ebm me makina t\u00eb larta 4×4. Kur mb\u00ebrrin tek stanet e Dob\u00ebrdolit sheh se nuk ka as rrym\u00eb, as sinjal telefonik as sinjal televiziv por kishte taksa. Vet\u00ebm mobitel malazez kapte. Pra shteti nuk iu jepte asnj\u00eb gj\u00eb atyre banor\u00ebve t\u00eb atjesh\u00ebm t\u00eb cil\u00ebt mezi mbanin bag\u00ebtin\u00eb e tyre dhe mezi kishin organizuar disa bujtina rudimentare p\u00ebr turist\u00eb t\u00eb apasionuar pas maleve por nd\u00ebrkoh\u00eb iu merrte taksa. Jepnin taksa n\u00eb k\u00ebmbim t\u00eb asgj\u00ebje. Kontrat\u00eb sociale \u00ebsht\u00eb kur shteti jep di\u00e7ka n\u00eb k\u00ebmbim t\u00eb asaj q\u00eb merr mir\u00ebpo kur nuk kthen asgj\u00eb at\u00ebher\u00eb kjo situat\u00eb nuk mund t\u00eb quhet tjet\u00ebr p\u00ebrve\u00e7se vjedhje nga ana e shtetit.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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Ajo situat\u00eb absurde me kujtoi nj\u00eb th\u00ebnie t\u00eb famshme t\u00eb Benjamin Franklin i cili thoshte se “‘N\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb bot\u00eb asgj\u00eb nuk mund t\u00eb thuhet t\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb e sigurt, p\u00ebrve\u00e7 vdekjes dhe taksave”. Pra rasti i Dob\u00ebrdolit tregon se ka taksa por s’ka shtet ose m\u00eb sakt\u00eb shteti nuk jep ndonj\u00eb gj\u00eb p\u00ebr taksat q\u00eb merr. Fatkeq\u00ebsisht askush nuk e analizon si\u00e7 duhet se \u00e7far\u00eb jep shteti p\u00ebr qytetar\u00ebt n\u00eb k\u00ebmbim t\u00eb taksave q\u00eb ata japin. Madje n\u00eb opinonin publik ka pak debat se si shpenzohet parat\u00eb e taksapaguesve politikan\u00ebt t\u00eb cil\u00ebt nuk e kan\u00eb p\u00ebr gj\u00eb q\u00eb t\u00eb b\u00ebjn\u00eb bamir\u00ebsi e japin shp\u00ebrblime me parat\u00eb e buxhetit sikur t\u00eb ishin parat\u00eb e trash\u00ebguara prej babait t\u00eb tyre. Shpenzimet buxhetore nuk i trajtojn\u00eb si borxh q\u00eb ata ia kan\u00eb qytetar\u00ebve por i shesin investimet si favor p\u00ebr t\u00eb cilat ata duhet t\u00eb shp\u00ebrblehen e kompensohen duke dh\u00ebn\u00eb vot\u00ebn. Tek ne taksat rriten gradualisht pa kuptuar, rregullat e loj\u00ebs ndryshohen e improvizohen shpesh \u00e7do vit. N\u00eb shumic\u00ebn e rasteve k\u00ebto ndryshime nuk b\u00ebhen p\u00ebr t\u00eb rritur ekonomin\u00eb e vendit dhe mir\u00ebq\u00ebnien e qytetar\u00ebve por p\u00ebr t\u00eb favorizuar aktor\u00eb t\u00eb caktuar ekonomik\u00eb apo segmente t\u00eb posa\u00e7me elektorale. Mir\u00ebpo nd\u00ebrkoh\u00eb q\u00eb taksat rriten, nuk rritet cil\u00ebsia e sh\u00ebrbimeve publike si drejt\u00ebsia, arsimi, sh\u00ebndet\u00ebsia q\u00eb shteti i jep qytetar\u00ebve. P\u00ebr mos t\u00eb folur q\u00eb investimet infrastrukturore jan\u00eb pothuaj inekzistente viteve t\u00eb fundit.<\/span><\/p>\n

P\u00ebr t\u00eb krijuar nj\u00eb ide se sa e r\u00ebnd\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb barra e taksave n\u00eb Shqip\u00ebri mjafton t\u00eb shikohet renditja q\u00eb ka n\u00eb raportin Paying Taxes t\u00eb IFC-s\u00eb dhe Price\u00ebatercooper dhe t\u00eb krahasohet me vendet e tjera fqinje. Ky raport i rendit vendet n\u00eb var\u00ebsi t\u00eb leht\u00ebsis\u00eb s\u00eb pages\u00ebs s\u00eb taksave, numrit t\u00eb taksave dhe v\u00ebllimit t\u00eb tyre. \u00a0Shqip\u00ebria del duksh\u00ebm m\u00eb keq se fqinj\u00ebt e saj duke mbajtur vendin 122-t\u00eb. Nd\u00ebrkoh\u00eb Kosova \u00ebsht\u00eb n\u00eb vendin 44, Serbia 79, Mali i zi 68 dhe Maqedonia 31. P\u00ebr t\u00eb kuptuar se sa e madhe \u00ebsht\u00eb nd\u00ebrhyrja dhe p\u00ebrmasa e shtetit shqiptar n\u00eb ekonomi duhet par\u00eb raporti i p\u00ebrvitsh\u00ebm \u201cDoing Business\u201d. Ky raport i nxjerr\u00eb prej Bank\u00ebs Bot\u00ebrore p\u00ebr klim\u00ebn e biznesit e nxjerr Shqip\u00ebrin\u00eb n\u00eb pozicionin m\u00eb t\u00eb keq n\u00eb rajon. Sivjet Shqip\u00ebria renditet n\u00eb vendin e 63-t\u00eb nd\u00ebrkoh\u00eb q\u00eb Kosova 44, Mali i zi 50, Serbia 48 dhe Maqedonia 10. \u00a0Po ashtu n\u00eb raportin e liris\u00eb ekonomike t\u00eb botuar nga fondacioni prestigjioz amerikan Heritage, ekonomia e Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb konsiderohet si pjes\u00ebrisht e lir\u00eb duke u renditur n\u00eb vendin e 65-t\u00eb. Pra nderhyrja e shtetit n\u00eb ekonomi \u00ebsht\u00eb e madhe, qytetar\u00ebt paguajn\u00eb shum\u00eb taka, mir\u00ebpo marrim shum\u00eb pak n\u00eb k\u00ebmbim t\u00eb asaj q\u00eb paguajn\u00eb.<\/span><\/p>\n

P\u00ebr t\u00eb kuptuar m\u00eb sakt\u00eb marr\u00ebdh\u00ebnien mes popullit dhe taksave duhet analizuar struktura e t\u00eb ardhurave buxhetore n\u00eb Shqip\u00ebri duke shqyrtuar buxhetin e vitit 2019. Taksa q\u00eb mendohet se do t\u00eb sjell \u00ebm\u00eb shum\u00eb t\u00eb ardhura n\u00eb buxhet n\u00eb Shqip\u00ebri \u00ebsht\u00eb Tatimi mbi Vler\u00ebn e Shtuar (TVSH) q\u00eb n\u00eb buxhetin e vitit 2019 pritet t\u00eb sjell\u00eb m\u00eb shum\u00eb se nj\u00eb t\u00eb tret\u00ebn 31.5% e \u00a0t\u00eb ardhurave totale buxhetore. Akciza p\u00ebr naft\u00eb, alkohol etj. pritet t\u00eb sjell\u00eb n\u00eb total 9.9% t\u00eb t\u00eb ardhurave, duke b\u00ebr\u00eb q\u00eb s\u00eb bashku me TVSH-n\u00eb k\u00ebto taksa t\u00eb konsumit do t\u00eb t\u00eb p\u00ebrb\u00ebjn\u00eb mbi 41% t\u00eb parave t\u00eb planifikuara p\u00ebr t\u2019u mbledhur vitin e ardhsh\u00ebm. Tatimfitimi q\u00eb pritet t\u00eb merret k\u00ebt\u00eb vit nga bizneset parashikohet se do t\u00eb sjell\u00eb diku tek 7% t\u00eb t\u00eb ardhurave t\u00eb shtetit nd\u00ebrsa tatimi mbi t\u00eb ardhurat personale do t\u00eb p\u00ebrb\u00ebj\u00ebn\u00eb diku tek 8.5% t\u00eb totalit. Pra t\u00eb ardhurat q\u00eb vijn\u00eb nga suksesi i shoq\u00ebris\u00eb pra fitimet apo t\u00eb ardhurat personale, p\u00ebrb\u00ebn nj\u00eb cop\u00ebz\u00eb t\u00eb vock\u00ebl t\u00eb t\u00eb ardhurave n\u00eb Shqip\u00ebri. Pjesa tjet\u00ebr e buxhetit p\u00ebrb\u00ebhet nga t\u00eb ardhurat prej pushtetit vendor, t\u00eb ardhurat nga fondet speciale \u00a0( ku spikasin sigurimet shoq\u00ebrore) q\u00eb do t\u00eb sjellin \u00a0q\u00eb pritet t\u00eb sjellin 20% t\u00eb totalit si dhe t\u00eb ardhurat jo-tatimore me rreth 7.4%.<\/span><\/p>\n

Fakti q\u00eb shteti i siguron t\u00eb ardhurat e vete d\u00ebrrmuese n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb indirekte n\u00ebp\u00ebrmjet taksimit t\u00eb konsumit shkakton dy probleme kryesore. S\u00eb pari buxheti i shtetit dhe p\u00ebr rrjedhoj\u00eb edhe shpenzimet q\u00eb b\u00ebn nuk varen prej suksesit t\u00eb shoq\u00ebris\u00eb sepse diku tek 15.5% e t\u00eb ardhurave buxhetore vijn\u00eb nga tatim fitimi i sip\u00ebrmarr\u00ebsve dhe nga tatimi mbi t\u00eb ardhurat personale. Kjo do t\u00eb thot\u00eb q\u00eb qeveritar\u00ebt jan\u00eb indiferenct\u00eb e moskok\u00eb\u00e7ar\u00ebs p\u00ebr mbar\u00ebvajtjen e biznesmen\u00ebve apo t\u00eb ardhurat e qytetar\u00ebve sepse k\u00ebto elemente ndikojn\u00eb fare pak n\u00eb mbushjen e thesit t\u00eb buxhetit t\u00eb shtetit ku e fusin dor\u00ebn n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb t\u00eb shkujdesur p\u00ebr ta harxhuar.<\/span><\/p>\n

S\u00eb dyti, fakti q\u00eb qytetar\u00ebt e thjesht\u00eb apo biznesmen\u00ebt paguajn\u00eb vet\u00ebm nj\u00eb pjes\u00eb t\u00eb vog\u00ebl t\u00eb buxhetit n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb t\u00eb drejtp\u00ebrdrejt\u00eb, i b\u00ebn ata t\u00eb ndihen m\u00eb pak pronar\u00eb t\u00eb buxhetit shtet\u00ebror. Pra, n\u00eb kushtet kur nuk i shikojn\u00eb dhe nuk e kuptojn\u00eb se parat\u00eb shteti \u00ebsht\u00eb duke ia marr\u00eb n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb indirekte, ata edhe k\u00ebrkojn\u00eb m\u00eb pak llogari ndaj qeveritar\u00ebve. Kjo \u00ebsht\u00eb arsyeja kryesore p\u00ebrse qeveritar\u00ebt flasin p\u00ebr investime apo shpenzime buxhetore si t\u00eb ishin parat\u00eb e tyre dhe k\u00ebt\u00eb gj\u00eb qytetar\u00ebt e marin t\u00eb \u00a0mir\u00ebqen\u00eb. Duke mos u varur buxheti prej t\u00eb ardhurave t\u00eb tyre si individ\u00eb apo sip\u00ebrmarr\u00ebs, ata nuk ndihen se kan\u00eb t\u00eb drejt\u00eb t\u00eb k\u00ebrkojn\u00eb llogari p\u00ebr m\u00ebnyr\u00ebn se si shpenzohet buxheti dhe ndihen madje mir\u00ebnjoh\u00ebs n\u00ebse kan\u00eb ndonj\u00eb p\u00ebrfitim minimal pre shpenzimeve buxhetore.<\/span><\/p>\n

Nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb aspak rast\u00ebsi q\u00eb banor\u00ebt e Kuk\u00ebsit b\u00ebn\u00eb nj\u00eb protest\u00eb t\u00eb dhunshme kund\u00ebr tarif\u00ebs s\u00eb kalimit t\u00eb autostrad\u00ebs s\u00eb kombit vet\u00ebm at\u00ebhere kur e pan\u00eb n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb t\u00eb prekshme e materiale se do t\u00eb nxirrnin 5 euro nga xhepi. Mir\u00ebpo nd\u00ebrkaq p\u00ebr vite me radh\u00eb kan\u00eb paguar shum\u00eb m\u00eb shum\u00eb se aq n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb indirekte n\u00ebp\u00ebrmjet 20 cent\u00ebve t\u00eb paguara p\u00ebr \u00e7do lit\u00ebr si taks\u00eb qarkullimi. Fatur\u00ebn p\u00ebr p\u00ebrdorimin e rrug\u00ebs ishin tashm\u00eb duke e paguar prej koh\u00ebsh n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb masive n\u00eb form\u00ebn e nj\u00eb \u00e7mimi t\u00eb kripur prej taks\u00ebs p\u00ebr qarkullimin por nuk e kuptonin dhe prandaj nuk u revoltuan asnj\u00ebher\u00eb. Vet\u00ebm kur u desh ta nxirrnin drejtp\u00ebrdrejt\u00eb nga xhepi e tia jepnin n\u00eb dor\u00eb punonj\u00ebsve t\u00eb traut at\u00ebhere u vet\u00ebdij\u00ebsuan p\u00ebr padrejt\u00ebsin\u00eb dhe taks\u00ebimin e tepruar. Po ashtu duhet theksuar se nafta n\u00eb Shqip\u00ebri \u00ebsht\u00eb m\u00eb e shtrenjta n\u00eb rajon sepse p\u00ebrve\u00e7 kostos me t\u00eb cil\u00ebn importohet ngarkohet me \u00a037 lek\u00eb p\u00ebr lit\u00ebr p\u00ebr akciz\u00ebn, 27 lek\u00eb p\u00ebr lit\u00ebr si taks\u00eb qarkullimi; 3 lek\u00eb p\u00ebr lit\u00ebr si taks\u00eb karboni, 1 lek\u00eb p\u00ebr lit\u00ebr si tarifa e markimit dhe ajo e skanimit, nd\u00ebrsa TVSH totale arrin n\u00eb 28 lek\u00eb p\u00ebr lit\u00ebr. Po ashtu student\u00ebt u revoltuan e dol\u00ebn n\u00eb protest\u00eb prej tarifimit t\u00eb provimeve t\u00eb mbartura q\u00eb iu r\u00ebndonin xhepin, por nuk e kan\u00eb vrar\u00eb mendjen dhe skan\u00eb treguar kurrfar\u00eb ndjeshm\u00ebrie p\u00ebr taksat indirekte q\u00eb jan\u00eb shtuar gradualisht dhe i kan\u00eb r\u00ebnduar n\u00eb form\u00eb t\u00eb fshehur prej vitesh.<\/span><\/p>\n

E gjith\u00eb kjo situat\u00eb na l\u00eb t\u00eb kuptojm\u00eb se kemi nevoj\u00eb q\u00eb t\u00eb rishqyrtojm\u00eb marr\u00ebdh\u00ebnien me shtetin sepse kemi nj\u00eb publik ende t\u00eb pasqaruar e pand\u00ebrgjegj\u00ebsuar. \u00a0Kjo do t\u00eb thot\u00eb se kemi nevoj\u00eb p\u00ebr nj\u00eb fushat\u00eb t\u00eb mir\u00ebfillt\u00eb mbar\u00ebkomb\u00ebtare t\u00eb edukimit p\u00ebr ekonomin\u00eb e tregut dhe bot\u00ebn financiare. Kemi nevoj\u00eb p\u00ebr m\u00eb shum\u00eb v\u00ebmendje e vigjilenc\u00eb p\u00ebr administrimin e taksave tona t\u00eb drejtp\u00ebrdrejta dhe indirekte dhe p\u00ebr presion m\u00eb t\u00eb madh q\u00eb ato t\u00eb trajtohen me p\u00ebrgjegjshm\u00ebri e transparenc\u00eb prej qeveritar\u00ebve. Kemi nevoj\u00eb q\u00eb t’i japim m\u00eb shum\u00eb hap\u00ebsir\u00eb temave ekonomike n\u00eb debatin ton\u00eb publik dhe ta p\u00ebrq\u00ebndrojm\u00eb m\u00eb shum\u00eb v\u00ebmendjen tek m\u00ebnyra se si hartohet buxheti i shteti, se si planifikohen shpenzimet buxhetore dhe ajo q\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb m\u00eb e r\u00ebnd\u00ebsishme tek ajo q\u00eb marrim n\u00eb k\u00ebmbim t\u00eb taksave tona.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Para rreth kat\u00ebr muajsh, kur ende rrug\u00ebt n\u00eb bjeshk\u00ebt e Tropoj\u00ebs ishin t\u00eb hapura, nd\u00ebrmora nj\u00eb udh\u00ebtim n\u00eb Dob\u00ebrdol, q\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb nd\u00ebr perlat alpine t\u00eb Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb. B\u00ebhet fjal\u00eb p\u00ebr skajin verilindor t\u00eb Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb ku bashohen kufijt\u00eb e Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb, Kosov\u00ebs dhe Malit t\u00eb Zi me nj\u00eb potencial t\u00eb jasht\u00ebzakonsh\u00ebm p\u00ebr turiz\u00ebm malor e madje edhe […]<\/p>","protected":false},"author":373,"featured_media":10244,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[13],"tags":[987,1814,1457],"ppma_author":[367],"class_list":["post-3845","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-analize","tag-shqiperia","tag-shteti","tag-taksa"],"authors":[{"term_id":367,"user_id":373,"is_guest":0,"slug":"adri-nurellari","display_name":"Adri Nurellari","avatar_url":{"url":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/adri.jpg","url2x":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/adri.jpg"},"user_url":"","last_name":"Nurellari","first_name":"Adri","description":"Adri Nurellari \u00ebsht\u00eb studiues, k\u00ebshilltar dhe kolumnist i angazhuar kryesisht n\u00eb fush\u00ebn e politik\u00ebs dhe medias. Ai ka vijuar studimet universitare n\u00eb Universitetin e Tiran\u00ebs dhe ato pasuniversitare n\u00eb Cambridge, London School of Economics dhe University College London. Adri \u00ebsht\u00eb ish-k\u00ebshilltar i kryeministrit Sali Berisha dhe ish-sekretar i PDIU-s\u00eb n\u00eb Shqip\u00ebri, nd\u00ebrkoh\u00eb q\u00eb ka punuar si pedagog n\u00eb Universitetin e Tiran\u00ebs dhe at\u00eb t\u00eb Evrop\u00ebs Juglindore n\u00eb Tetov\u00eb. Ka qen\u00eb i angazhuar si analist dhe konsulent nd\u00ebrkoh\u00eb q\u00eb prej vitit 2013 punon si k\u00ebshilltar i Hashim Tha\u00e7it."}],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3845","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/373"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3845"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3845\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":10246,"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3845\/revisions\/10246"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/10244"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3845"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=3845"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=3845"},{"taxonomy":"author","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/ppma_author?post=3845"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}