{"id":3886,"date":"2019-05-29T14:11:51","date_gmt":"2019-05-29T12:11:51","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/?p=3886"},"modified":"2024-11-13T17:04:49","modified_gmt":"2024-11-13T15:04:49","slug":"dialogu-mes-kosoves-dhe-serbise-gabimi-i-fokusimit-tek-pozicionet-dhe-personat-e-jo-tek-interesat","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/en\/analize\/dialogu-mes-kosoves-dhe-serbise-gabimi-i-fokusimit-tek-pozicionet-dhe-personat-e-jo-tek-interesat\/","title":{"rendered":"Dialogu mes Kosov\u00ebs dhe Serbis\u00eb: gabimi i fokusimit tek pozicionet dhe personat e jo tek interesat"},"content":{"rendered":"
\n

N\u00eb diskutimet e p\u00ebrditshme p\u00ebr dialogun e Kosov\u00ebs me Serbin\u00eb, vihet re se edhe mes atyre q\u00eb shiten si ekspert\u00eb t\u00eb marr\u00ebdh\u00ebnieve nd\u00ebrkomb\u00ebtare, mungon t\u00ebr\u00ebsisht p\u00ebrdorimi edhe i element\u00ebve m\u00eb bazik\u00eb t\u00eb negociatave. \u00a0Ngarkesa emocionale q\u00eb ka mb\u00ebshtjell\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb \u00e7\u00ebshtje e ka err\u00ebsuar apo eklipsuar dimesionin racional e pragmatist q\u00eb nevojitet p\u00ebr vendin si dhe nuk ka l\u00ebn\u00eb vend n\u00eb debat p\u00ebr p\u00ebrdorimin e teorive, praktikave, rasteve apo qasjeve t\u00eb vendeve t\u00eb ndryshme.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

K\u00ebshtu p\u00ebr shembull i gjith\u00eb debati n\u00eb Kosov\u00eb b\u00ebhet mbi pozicionet q\u00eb duhet t\u00eb mbaj\u00eb Kosova, lidhur me rezultatin e negociatave p\u00ebr paqe por askush nuk flet p\u00ebr interesat e Kosov\u00ebs n\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb proces.<\/p>\n

Nj\u00eb nd\u00ebr librat bazik me m\u00eb shum\u00eb ndikim n\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb fush\u00eb, \u2212 dhe q\u00eb n\u00eb nj\u00ebfar\u00eb m\u00ebnyre ka vendosur shtyllat e analiz\u00ebs s\u00eb negociatave, \u2212 \u00ebsht\u00eb Getting to Yes me autor\u00eb Fisher, Ury, dhe Patton. N\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb lib\u00ebr autor\u00ebt v\u00ebn\u00eb n\u00eb dukje se n\u00eb nj\u00eb negociat\u00eb shpesh harxhohet shum\u00eb koh\u00eb duke debatuar se q\u00ebndrimi i kujt duhet respektuar ose p\u00ebr t\u00eb gjetur nj\u00eb pik\u00eb kompromisi, nj\u00eb rrug\u00eb t\u00eb mesme midis dy pozicioneve konfrontuese t\u00eb pal\u00ebve. Ata propozojn\u00eb negocimin parimor t\u00eb fokusuar tek interesat ku negociator\u00ebt shohin p\u00ebrtej pozicioneve t\u00eb v\u00ebshtira dhe t\u00eb shpejta por p\u00ebrpiqen q\u00eb t\u00eb identifikojn\u00eb interesat baz\u00eb, pra nevojat, d\u00ebshirat dhe motivet e tyre themelore. Tanim\u00eb kuptimi i dallimeve midis interesave dhe pozicioneve, pra nd\u00ebrmjet p\u00ebrse e duan di\u00e7ka dhe \u00e7far\u00eb gj\u00ebje duan, \u00ebsht\u00eb b\u00ebr\u00eb gurthemeli i suksesit t\u00eb negociatave bashk\u00ebpunuese.<\/p>\n

P\u00ebr t\u00eb b\u00ebr\u00eb m\u00eb qart\u00eb shpjegimin e dallimit mes negociatave t\u00eb mb\u00ebshtetura tek pozicionet dhe atyre t\u00eb mb\u00ebshtetura tek interesat, n\u00ebp\u00ebr katedrat universitare p\u00ebrdoret shpesh si fabul ilustruese historia e z\u00ebnk\u00ebs mes dy kuzhinier\u00ebve p\u00ebr nj\u00eb portokall.<\/p>\n

N\u00eb kuzhin\u00ebn e k\u00ebtij hoteli kishte ngelur vet\u00ebm nj\u00eb portokalle, ku kishte dy shefa kuzhine q\u00eb po ziheshin e rivalizonin me nj\u00ebri tjetrin se kush do e merrte ta p\u00ebrdorte at\u00eb portokall. Duke d\u00ebgjuar zhurm\u00ebn, hyn drejtori, q\u00eb n\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb rast p\u00ebr ta zgjidhur k\u00ebt\u00eb konflikt merr p\u00ebrsip\u00ebr rolin e nd\u00ebrmjet\u00ebsuesit apo facilitatorit sikurse BE b\u00ebn sot me ne n\u00eb Bruksel. Me qasjen tipike tradicionalen ton\u00ebn, t\u00eb mb\u00ebshtetur tek pozicionet, at\u00ebher\u00eb ai propozon nj\u00eb kompromis nj\u00eb rrug\u00eb t\u00eb mesme. Pasi u lodh\u00ebn s\u00eb grinduri me nj\u00ebri tjetrin u ra dakord q\u00eb t\u00eb kapej thika e kuzhin\u00ebs e t\u00eb ndahej portokalli ekzakt\u00ebsisht n\u00eb gjysm\u00eb. Secili nga dy kuzhinier\u00ebt shkoi n\u00eb qoshen e vet\u00eb me gjysm\u00ebn e tij p\u00ebr t\u00eb p\u00ebrfunduar p\u00ebrgatitjen e ushqimit t\u00eb tij. Mir\u00ebpo secili prej tyre ishte hat\u00ebrmbetur sepse nuk mori aq sa do t\u00eb kishte p\u00eblqyer, mir\u00ebpo duke patur parasysh situat\u00ebn u mjaftuan me aq.<\/p>\n

Mir\u00ebpo ekziston edhe nj\u00eb alternativ\u00eb tjet\u00ebr, q\u00eb synon gjetjen e zgjidhjeve fitim-fitim n\u00ebp\u00ebrmjet fokusimit tek interesat e jo tek pozicionet. Pra n\u00ebp\u00ebrmejt fokusimit tek \u201cp\u00ebrse-ja\u201d e jo tek \u201c\u00e7far\u00eb\u201d k\u00ebrkohet. Kjo ka t\u00eb b\u00ebj nj\u00eb qasje integruese p\u00ebr negocimin, ku pal\u00ebt e p\u00ebrfshira n\u00eb negocim punojn\u00eb s\u00eb bashku p\u00ebr t\u00eb gjetur zgjidhjen m\u00eb t\u00eb mir\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u00eb dy pal\u00ebt e p\u00ebrfshira n\u00eb konflikt. N\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb rast drejtori i hotelit, eksploron p\u00ebrsen\u00eb e k\u00ebsaj\u00eb nevoje e zbulon se nj\u00ebri shef kishte nevoj\u00eb p\u00ebr portokallin sepse donte t\u00eb rripte l\u00ebkur\u00ebn dhe ta p\u00ebrdorte p\u00ebr t\u2019i dh\u00ebn\u00eb arom\u00eb nj\u00eb \u00ebmb\u00eblsire nd\u00ebrsa tjetri donte ta shtrydhte portokallin e l\u00ebngun ta p\u00ebrdorte p\u00ebr nj\u00eb pije. At\u00ebhere drejtori propozoi q\u00eb l\u00ebkura t\u2019i jepej t\u00eb parit dhe tuli t\u00eb dytit p\u00ebr ta shtrydhur, dhe t\u00eb dy kuzhinier\u00ebt u ndan\u00eb t\u00eb k\u00ebnaqur e t\u00eb pajtuar me nj\u00ebri tjetrin.<\/p>\n

Prandaj negociator\u00ebt bashkohor\u00eb \u00a0t\u00eb cil\u00ebt p\u00ebrpiqen q\u00eb t\u00eb gjejn\u00eb zgjidhje q\u00eb adresojn\u00eb interesat e t\u00eb dy pal\u00ebve mendojn\u00eb se pothuajse t\u00eb gjitha mosmarr\u00ebveshjet kan\u00eb interesa t\u00eb negociueshme. \u00a0Mir\u00ebpo kur pal\u00ebt e definojn\u00eb mosmarr\u00ebveshjen e tyre vet\u00ebm n\u00ebp\u00ebrmjet pozicioneve kok\u00ebforte, ato shpesh hasin n\u00eb rrug\u00eb qorre pasi nj\u00ebra pal\u00eb d\u00ebshiron di\u00e7ka q\u00eb tjetra e kund\u00ebrshton plot\u00ebsisht. Duke u p\u00ebrq\u00ebndruar n\u00eb interesat themelore dhe jo n\u00eb pozicionet e deklaruar hapur, konfliktet q\u00eb n\u00eb dukje konsiderohen tejet t\u00eb v\u00ebshtir\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u2019u zgjidhur, shpesh rezultojn\u00eb t\u00eb zgjidhshme. Kjo gj\u00eb ndodh p\u00ebr shkak se, n\u00eb shum\u00eb raste, interesat mund t\u00eb jen\u00eb t\u00eb pajtueshme, edhe kur pozicionet nuk jan\u00eb. Me pak fjal\u00eb duke u p\u00ebrqendruar n\u00eb interesa, pal\u00ebt mund t\u00eb identifikojn\u00eb zgjidhje t\u00eb favorshme p\u00ebr konfliktin q\u00eb mund t\u00eb mos jen\u00eb t\u00eb dukshme kur \u00e7\u00ebshtjet u p\u00ebrshkrohen n\u00eb terma t\u00eb pozitave.<\/p>\n

Prandaj \u00ebsht\u00eb e nevojshme q\u00eb n\u00eb negociim pal\u00ebt t\u00eb mos hyjn\u00eb me paragjykime t\u00eb forta e pritshm\u00ebri t\u00eb ekzagjeruara, por t\u00eb jen\u00eb eksplorues. Th\u00ebn\u00eb ndryshe, \u00ebsht\u00eb qesharak pretendimi q\u00eb d\u00ebgjohet shpesh n\u00eb Kosov\u00eb se ne nuk futemi n\u00eb negociata pa sqaruar paraprakisht se \u00e7far\u00eb do t\u00eb nxjerrim prej tyre. \u00a0Negociata bazuar n\u00eb interesa n\u00eb vetvete \u00ebsht\u00eb proces eksplorimi p\u00ebr ta b\u00ebr\u00eb t\u00eb v\u00ebshtir\u00ebn t\u00eb mundshme.<\/p>\n

Nevoja p\u00ebr p\u00ebrq\u00ebndrim n\u00eb interesa nuk do t\u00eb thot\u00eb shmangia e pozicioneve por do t\u00eb thot\u00eb edhe depersonalizim i debatit t\u00eb dialogut. Pra nevojitet adresimi i problemeve e jo i personaliteteve t\u00eb p\u00ebrfshira. Prandaj k\u00ebshillohet q\u00eb t\u00eb b\u00ebhet nj\u00eb ndarje t\u00eb \u00e7\u00ebshtjeve nga individ\u00ebt e p\u00ebrfshir\u00eb. N\u00ebse ka nj\u00eb prirje p\u00ebr t\u00eb sulmuar kund\u00ebrshtarin personalisht, e jo interesat q\u00eb ai p\u00ebrfaq\u00ebson, nxitet q\u00eb ky person t\u00eb mbroj vet\u00eb-besimin e sedr\u00ebn e tij dhe reagon n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb difensive, e jo konstruktive. Kjo rrethan\u00eb b\u00ebn fokusimin n\u00eb problemet konkrete edhe m\u00eb t\u00eb v\u00ebshtir\u00eb p\u00ebr mos t\u00eb th\u00ebn\u00eb t\u00eb pamundur. \u00a0E v\u00ebrteta \u00ebsht\u00eb q\u00eb \u00e7do negocim p\u00ebrfshin njer\u00ebz dhe \u00e7donj\u00ebri prej tyre vjen n\u00eb tryez\u00ebn e negociatave me emocionet, vlerat, prejardhjen, pik\u00ebpamjet dhe biografin\u00eb e vet\u00eb.<\/p>\n

Ky \u00ebsht\u00eb rasti tipik n\u00eb Kosov\u00eb ku inati, hat\u00ebrmbetja apo xhelozia p\u00ebr arritjet personale, ndaj presidentit Hashim Tha\u00e7i, ka b\u00ebr\u00eb q\u00eb aktor\u00ebt politik\u00eb t\u00eb merren me personin e jo me problemin. I gjith\u00eb fokusi yn\u00eb tek personat ka b\u00ebr\u00eb q\u00eb nj\u00eb \u00e7\u00ebshtje kaq e r\u00ebnd\u00ebsishme dhe delikate sa \u00e7\u2019\u00ebsht\u00eb dialogu, t\u00eb trajtohet n\u00eb debatin e p\u00ebrditsh\u00ebm si ishte nj\u00eb telenovel\u00eb turke apo hispanike t\u00eb mbushur me pasion, dram\u00eb e patetiz\u00ebm personazhesh. E nj\u00ebjta vlen dhe nga ana tjet\u00ebr, kund\u00ebrshtari mund t\u00eb jet\u00eb person i urryer apo nj\u00eb armik i p\u00ebrbetuar, por kjo s\u2019do t\u00eb thot\u00eb q\u00eb nuk duhet t\u00eb ulemi n\u00eb tryez\u00eb t\u00eb bisedimeve apo ta shmangim dialogun. Fakti q\u00eb Vu\u00e7iq ka qen\u00eb minist\u00ebr informacioni i kriminelit t\u00eb luft\u00ebs Sllobodan Miloshevi\u00e7 s\u2019duhet t\u00eb na devijoj\u00eb v\u00ebmendjen nga interesi q\u00eb ka vendi yn\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u00eb pasur dialog e p\u00ebr t\u00eb arritur nj\u00eb marr\u00ebveshje t\u00eb pranueshme paqeje.<\/p>\n

Fundja akordet e Oslos t\u00eb n\u00ebnshkruara midis drejtuesit t\u00eb O\u00c7P-s\u00eb \u00a0Jaser Arafat dhe kryeministrit izraelit Jitzhak Rabin n\u00eb 1993 u b\u00ebn\u00eb mes dy personave q\u00eb konsideroheshin armiq t\u00eb p\u00ebrbetuar apo kriminel\u00eb nga pala kund\u00ebrshtare. Arafati konsiderohej nga izraelit\u00ebt organizatori i shum\u00eb sulmeve terroriste t\u00eb b\u00ebra mbi civil\u00eb izraelit\u00eb e Rabini ka qen\u00eb nj\u00eb nd\u00ebr ushtarak\u00ebt e par\u00eb e m\u00eb t\u00eb r\u00ebnd\u00ebsish\u00ebm t\u00eb Izraelit prej luft\u00ebs s\u00eb pavar\u00ebsis\u00eb n\u00eb 1948 dhe konsiderohej personalisht p\u00ebrgjegj\u00ebs p\u00ebr katastrofat e popullsis\u00eb arabe. E nj\u00ebjta vlen p\u00ebr paqen e n\u00ebnshkruar n\u00eb Camp David mes Egjiptit dhe Izraelit prej Sadatit dhe Beginit n\u00eb 1978 apo p\u00ebr paqen mes Jordanis\u00eb dhe Izraelit t\u00eb n\u00ebnshkruar prej mbretit Hussein dhe Weizman.<\/p>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

N\u00eb diskutimet e p\u00ebrditshme p\u00ebr dialogun e Kosov\u00ebs me Serbin\u00eb, vihet re se edhe mes atyre q\u00eb shiten si ekspert\u00eb t\u00eb marr\u00ebdh\u00ebnieve nd\u00ebrkomb\u00ebtare, mungon t\u00ebr\u00ebsisht p\u00ebrdorimi edhe i element\u00ebve m\u00eb bazik\u00eb t\u00eb negociatave. \u00a0Ngarkesa emocionale q\u00eb ka mb\u00ebshtjell\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb \u00e7\u00ebshtje e ka err\u00ebsuar apo eklipsuar dimesionin racional e pragmatist q\u00eb nevojitet p\u00ebr vendin si dhe […]<\/p>","protected":false},"author":373,"featured_media":9047,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[13],"tags":[669,1236,664,12],"ppma_author":[367],"class_list":["post-3886","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-analize","tag-dialogue","tag-kosove-serbi","tag-kosovo","tag-serbia"],"authors":[{"term_id":367,"user_id":373,"is_guest":0,"slug":"adri-nurellari","display_name":"Adri Nurellari","avatar_url":{"url":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/adri.jpg","url2x":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/adri.jpg"},"user_url":"","last_name":"Nurellari","first_name":"Adri","description":"Adri Nurellari \u00ebsht\u00eb studiues, k\u00ebshilltar dhe kolumnist i angazhuar kryesisht n\u00eb fush\u00ebn e politik\u00ebs dhe medias. Ai ka vijuar studimet universitare n\u00eb Universitetin e Tiran\u00ebs dhe ato pasuniversitare n\u00eb Cambridge, London School of Economics dhe University College London. Adri \u00ebsht\u00eb ish-k\u00ebshilltar i kryeministrit Sali Berisha dhe ish-sekretar i PDIU-s\u00eb n\u00eb Shqip\u00ebri, nd\u00ebrkoh\u00eb q\u00eb ka punuar si pedagog n\u00eb Universitetin e Tiran\u00ebs dhe at\u00eb t\u00eb Evrop\u00ebs Juglindore n\u00eb Tetov\u00eb. Ka qen\u00eb i angazhuar si analist dhe konsulent nd\u00ebrkoh\u00eb q\u00eb prej vitit 2013 punon si k\u00ebshilltar i Hashim Tha\u00e7it."}],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3886","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/373"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3886"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3886\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":10245,"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3886\/revisions\/10245"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/9047"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3886"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=3886"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=3886"},{"taxonomy":"author","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/ppma_author?post=3886"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}