{"id":3965,"date":"2019-07-19T13:36:14","date_gmt":"2019-07-19T11:36:14","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/?p=3965"},"modified":"2024-11-21T13:38:21","modified_gmt":"2024-11-21T11:38:21","slug":"kosova-si-shtet-i-stigmatizuar","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/en\/uncategorized\/kosova-si-shtet-i-stigmatizuar\/","title":{"rendered":"Kosova si shtet “i stigmatizuar”"},"content":{"rendered":"
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Historikisht shtetet dhe institucionet m\u00eb t\u00eb larta nd\u00ebrkomb\u00ebtare kan\u00eb kund\u00ebrshtuar shpalljen e nj\u00ebanshme t\u00eb pavar\u00ebsive. Shtetet t\u00eb cilat kan\u00eb ardhur n\u00eb ekzistenc\u00eb n\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb dhe t\u00eb cilat nuk jan\u00eb pjes\u00eb e OKB-s\u00eb refuzohen. K\u00ebto shtete p\u00ebr shkak t\u00eb pranueshm\u00ebris\u00eb s\u00eb kufizuar n\u00eb zhargonin e marr\u00ebdh\u00ebnieve nd\u00ebrkomb\u00ebtare quhen\u00a0\u201cde-facto shtete\u201d\u00a0<\/em>dhe jo\u00a0\u201cde-jure\u201d.<\/em><\/p>\n

Marc Weller thot\u00eb se ligjet nd\u00ebrkomb\u00ebtare b\u00ebhen nga shtetet. Shtetet synojn\u00eb ruajtjen e t\u00ebr\u00ebsis\u00eb s\u00eb tyre territoriale. Integriteti territorial \u00ebsht\u00eb premisa kryesore mbi t\u00eb cil\u00ebn \u00ebsht\u00eb nd\u00ebrtuar ligji nd\u00ebrkomb\u00ebtar. Cenimi i k\u00ebtij parimi \u00ebsht\u00eb sulm mbi gjith\u00eb matric\u00ebn e s\u00eb drejt\u00ebs nd\u00ebrkomb\u00ebtare.<\/p>\n

Paralelisht me k\u00ebt\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb b\u00ebr\u00eb edhe nj\u00eb rregullim i aplikimit t\u00eb s\u00eb drejt\u00ebs p\u00ebr vet\u00ebvendosje, duke e kufizuar at\u00eb vet\u00ebm brenda kontekstit kolonial.<\/p>\n

Popujt kan\u00eb t\u00eb drejt\u00eb p\u00ebr shk\u00ebputje vet\u00ebm n\u00ebse kan\u00eb qen\u00eb koloni e nj\u00eb shteti tjet\u00ebr. Jasht\u00eb k\u00ebtij konteksti e drejta p\u00ebr vet\u00ebvendosje \u00ebsht\u00eb par\u00eb si armiku kryesor i integritetit territorial. Kjo \u00ebsht\u00eb arsyeja se pse shtetet n\u00eb 70 vitet e fundit kan\u00eb qen\u00eb t\u00eb prirura q\u00eb l\u00ebvizjet secesioniste t\u2019i shpallin si terroriste dhe se pse kan\u00eb mb\u00ebshtetur akter\u00ebt shtet\u00ebror\u00eb n\u00eb luft\u00ebn kund\u00ebr tyre. Si\u00e7 kishte deklaruar ish-Sekretari i P\u00ebrgjithsh\u00ebm i OKB-s\u00eb, U Thant, \u201cOKB-ja kurr\u00eb nuk ka pranuar e as nuk do t\u00eb pranoj\u00eb shk\u00ebputjen e ndonj\u00eb pjese t\u00eb territorit q\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb pjes\u00eb e ndonj\u00eb an\u00ebtari t\u00eb saj\u201d.<\/p>\n

Megjithat\u00eb n\u00eb disa raste shtetet kan\u00eb humbur luft\u00ebn me k\u00ebto l\u00ebvizje dhe jan\u00eb krijuar shtete p\u00ebrmes shpalljeve t\u00eb nj\u00ebanshme t\u00eb pavar\u00ebsis\u00eb. N\u00eb kthim, k\u00ebto shtete jan\u00eb\u00a0stigmatizuar\u00a0<\/em>nga komuniteti nd\u00ebrkomb\u00ebtar p\u00ebr shkak q\u00eb kan\u00eb shkelur ligjin nd\u00ebrkomb\u00ebtar dhe p\u00ebr shkak q\u00eb kan\u00eb krijuar precedent p\u00ebr l\u00ebvizje dhe rajone problematike n\u00eb shtetet e tyre. P\u00ebr shkak q\u00eb jan\u00eb ndar\u00eb pa lejen e shtetit t\u00eb cilit dikur ligj\u00ebrisht i kan\u00eb p\u00ebrkitur, ky lloj i shteteve konsiderohet si jo i rregullt. K\u00ebsisoj k\u00ebta shtete stigmatizohen. Si rrjedhoj\u00eb ata margjinalizohen dhe izolohen nga t\u00eb tjer\u00ebt. Ata nuk g\u00ebzojn\u00eb status t\u00eb barabart\u00eb me an\u00ebtar\u00ebt e OKB-s\u00eb q\u00eb llogariten se kan\u00eb\u00a0\u201cnjohje universale\u201d.<\/em><\/p>\n

Praktika e stigmatizimit \u00ebsht\u00eb d\u00ebshmi se kriteret tradicionale t\u00eb shtet\u00ebsis\u00eb q\u00eb p\u00ebrfshijn\u00eb territorin e p\u00ebrkufizuar, popullsin\u00eb dhe qeverisjen efektive jan\u00eb t\u00eb pamjaftueshme p\u00ebr t\u00eb qen\u00eb shtet. Akti i njohjes nga komuniteti nd\u00ebrkomb\u00ebtar tani \u00ebsht\u00eb kusht i domosdosh\u00ebm p\u00ebr shtet\u00ebsi t\u00eb plot\u00eb. Mir\u00ebpo, si\u00e7 tregon James Ker-Lindsay, shkalla e pranueshm\u00ebris\u00eb dhe stigmatizimit t\u00eb tyre ndryshon nga nj\u00eb rast n\u00eb tjetrin. Rrjedhimisht, niveli i kooperimit mes tyre dhe komunitetit nd\u00ebrkomb\u00ebtar \u00ebsht\u00eb i ndrysh\u00ebm.<\/p>\n

M\u00eb 2008 Kosova shpalli pavar\u00ebsin\u00eb e saj nga Serbia pa arritur marr\u00ebveshje me Serbin\u00eb. P\u00ebr shkak t\u00eb karakterit unilateral t\u00eb pavar\u00ebsis\u00eb s\u00eb saj, Kosova \u00ebsht\u00eb shtet i stigmatizuar, por me 116 njohje g\u00ebzon pranueshm\u00ebri shum\u00eb m\u00eb t\u00eb madhe sesa p.sh Qiproja Turke dhe Abkhazia q\u00eb kan\u00eb shum\u00eb num\u00ebr shum\u00eb m\u00eb t\u00eb ul\u00ebt t\u00eb njohjeve. Madje n\u00eb syt\u00eb e shum\u00eb njer\u00ebzve Kosova ka shtet\u00ebsi t\u00eb plot\u00eb efektive edhe pse nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb an\u00ebtare e OKB-s\u00eb. Qiproja Turke dhe Abhkazia n\u00eb an\u00ebn tjet\u00ebr nuk jan\u00eb an\u00ebtare n\u00eb asnj\u00eb organizat\u00eb t\u00eb madhe nd\u00ebrkomb\u00ebtare dhe kan\u00eb shum\u00eb pak raporte me shtete tjera.<\/p>\n

Edhe pse komuniteti nd\u00ebrkomb\u00ebtar ka ashp\u00ebrsuar q\u00ebndrimin n\u00eb raport me shk\u00ebputjet e nj\u00ebanshme, kjo nuk i ka ndaluar shum\u00eb shtete an\u00ebtare t\u00eb OKB-s\u00eb q\u00eb t\u00eb futen n\u00eb marr\u00ebdh\u00ebnie me shtete t\u00eb stigmatizuara. Ker-Lindsay k\u00ebt\u00eb e quan \u201cbashk\u00ebpunim pa njohje\u201d. Bashk\u00ebpunimi mes shteteve normale dhe shteteve t\u00eb stigmatizuara mund t\u00eb zhvillohet n\u00eb rrafsh bilateral n\u00eb nivel t\u00eb takimit t\u00eb zyrtar\u00ebve. N\u00eb raste t\u00eb caktuara shtetet mund t\u00eb vendosin zyre nd\u00ebrlidh\u00ebse q\u00eb de-facto jan\u00eb ambasada. Ai mund t\u00eb zhvillohet edhe n\u00eb nivel shum\u00ebpal\u00ebsh duke p\u00ebrfshir\u00eb n\u00eb traktate dhe marr\u00ebveshje shtetet e stigmatizuara.<\/p>\n

Njohja de-facto vjen edhe n\u00ebp\u00ebrmjet njohjes s\u00eb dokumenteve zyrtare si pasaporta apo targat, si dhe p\u00ebrmes bashk\u00ebpunimit ekonomik, edukativ dhe kulturor. Shkalla e marr\u00ebdh\u00ebnieve p\u00ebrcaktohet nga tre faktor\u00eb kryesor\u00eb:\u00a0sistemik\u00eb, kontekstual\u00eb<\/em>\u00a0and\u00a0komb\u00ebtar\u00eb.<\/em>\u00a0Qeverit\u00eb mund t\u2019i manipulojn\u00eb k\u00ebta faktor\u00eb n\u00eb sh\u00ebrbim t\u00eb tyre p\u00ebr t\u00eb arsyetuar qoft\u00eb njohjen, qoft\u00eb stigmatizimin.<\/p>\n

Faktor\u00ebt sistemik\u00eb\u00a0<\/em>p\u00ebrfshijn\u00eb normat dhe politikat komunitetit nd\u00ebrkomb\u00ebtar kundrejt secesionit. M\u00eb t\u00eb r\u00ebnd\u00ebsishmet n\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb drejtim jan\u00eb rezolutat e K\u00ebshillit t\u00eb Sigurimit (KS) n\u00eb OKB t\u00eb cilat d\u00ebnojn\u00eb shk\u00ebputjen e territoreve nga shtete p\u00ebrkat\u00ebse dhe q\u00eb b\u00ebjn\u00eb thirrje p\u00ebr mosnjohje. Dy rezoluta,\u00a0541<\/em>\u00a0and\u00a0550<\/em>, ishin adoptuar n\u00eb rastin e Qipros Turke n\u00eb vitet 1983 dhe 1984. Si pasoj\u00eb shtetet kan\u00eb hezituar q\u00eb t\u00eb bashk\u00ebpunojn\u00eb me Qipron Turke.<\/p>\n

Mir\u00ebpo jo gjithmon\u00eb dalin rezoluta kund\u00ebr njohjes s\u00eb shteteve t\u00eb stigmatizuara. N\u00eb rastin e Kosov\u00ebs nuk ka pasur rezolut\u00eb p\u00ebr shkak q\u00eb 3 nga 5 an\u00ebtar\u00ebt e KS-s\u00eb me veton e tyre nuk do t\u00eb lejonin adoptimin e ndonj\u00eb rezolute q\u00eb denoncon pavar\u00ebsimin e Kosov\u00ebs. As n\u00eb rastin e Abhkazis\u00eb Rusia nuk ka lejuar hartimin e ndonj\u00eb rezolute t\u00eb till\u00eb. Mb\u00ebshtetja q\u00eb Kosova merr nga ShBA-t\u00eb dhe vendet kryesore t\u00eb BE-s\u00eb ka krijuar nj\u00eb terren m\u00eb pranues p\u00ebr Kosov\u00ebn. P\u00ebr k\u00ebt\u00eb arsye shtetet kan\u00eb qen\u00eb t\u00eb pritura t\u00eb bashk\u00ebpunojn\u00eb me t\u00eb. Nj\u00eb fat t\u00eb till\u00eb nuk e pati Qiproja Turke. Shteti i vet\u00ebm q\u00eb e njeh at\u00eb, Turqia, nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb an\u00ebtare e KS-s\u00eb. K\u00ebtu kemi t\u00eb b\u00ebjm\u00eb me\u00a0\u201cefektin shum\u00ebzues\u201d.<\/em><\/p>\n

Sa m\u00eb shum\u00eb shtete q\u00eb njohin ose bashk\u00ebpunojn\u00eb me nj\u00eb shtet t\u00eb stigmatizuar, aq m\u00eb shum\u00eb rriten gjasat q\u00eb edhe t\u00eb tjer\u00ebt ta b\u00ebjn\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb.\u00a0 P\u00ebr shembull, tani shtetet nuk brengosen se mund t\u00eb penalizohen n\u00ebse bashk\u00ebpunojn\u00eb me Kosov\u00ebn. Mbi 150 shtete, p\u00ebrfshir\u00eb Rusin\u00eb, njohin pasaport\u00ebn e saj, qoft\u00eb edhe vet\u00ebm n\u00eb kushte t\u00eb ve\u00e7anta si pjes\u00ebmarrja e sportist\u00ebve kosovar\u00eb n\u00eb gara nd\u00ebrkomb\u00ebtare. Po ashtu Kosova merr pjes\u00eb edhe n\u00eb takime t\u00eb organizatave nd\u00ebrkomb\u00ebtare m\u00eb shum\u00eb sesa Abkhazia dhe Qiproja Turke.<\/p>\n

N\u00eb faktor\u00ebt kontekstual\u00eb<\/em>\u00a0b\u00ebjn\u00eb pjes\u00eb specifikat t\u00eb cilat karakterizojn\u00eb kontestet mes shteteve t\u00eb stigmatizuara dhe ish-shteteve t\u00eb cilave u kan\u00eb p\u00ebrkitur ligj\u00ebrisht. P\u00ebr shembull, ve\u00e7antit\u00eb e kontestit rreth Kosov\u00ebs e kan\u00eb b\u00ebr\u00eb m\u00eb t\u00eb leht\u00eb njohjen e saj dhe bashk\u00ebpunimin me t\u00eb. Shumica e shteteve q\u00eb njoh\u00ebn Kosov\u00ebn u bazuan n\u00eb t\u00eb kaluar\u00ebn e r\u00ebnd\u00eb t\u00eb saj n\u00ebn Serbi. Shkelje t\u00eb t\u00eb drejtave t\u00eb njeriut ka pasur edhe n\u00eb Abkhazi e Qipron Turke, por jo n\u00eb p\u00ebrmasat e Kosov\u00ebs, prandaj edhe kan\u00eb shum\u00eb pranueshm\u00ebri m\u00eb t\u00eb kufizuar. Pastaj politika e shtetit t\u00eb stigmatizuar luan rol n\u00eb shkall\u00ebn e pranueshm\u00ebris\u00eb. Qiproja Turke fillimisht u p\u00ebrball me refuzim t\u00eb ashp\u00ebr nga komuniteti nd\u00ebrkomb\u00ebtar, por pasi q\u00eb shprehi gatishm\u00ebri p\u00ebr t\u00eb zgjidhur kontestin me Qipron q\u00eb refuzoi\u00a0\u201cPlanin e Ananit\u201d<\/em>\u00a0nga OKB-ja p\u00ebr paqe, ajo filloi t\u00eb pranohej m\u00eb shum\u00eb. Pas k\u00ebsaj zyrtar\u00ebt amerikan\u00eb dhe evropian\u00eb takonin shpesh zyrtar\u00ebt e Qipros Turke.<\/p>\n

Kur qipriot\u00ebt turq zgjodh\u00ebn nj\u00eb ekstremist q\u00eb nuk ishte konstruktiv n\u00eb dialog, mb\u00ebshtetja nd\u00ebrkomb\u00ebtare u venit. M\u00eb pas, kur Mustafa Akinci fitoi zgjedhjet, Departamenti Amerikan i Shtetit e uroi at\u00eb. E nj\u00ebjta ndodh\u00eb edhe me Kosov\u00ebn. Arsyeja pse Kosova ka kaq mb\u00ebshtetje nd\u00ebrkomb\u00ebtare q\u00ebndron n\u00eb vullnetin e saj p\u00ebr t\u00eb dialoguar me Serbin\u00eb. BE-ja e kusht\u00ebzon integrimin e Kosov\u00ebs n\u00eb BE me zgjidhjen e konfliktit t\u00eb saj me Serbin\u00eb. Kur Kosova \u00ebsht\u00eb m\u00eb konstruktive n\u00eb negociata mb\u00ebshtetja nga jasht\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb m\u00eb e madhe sesa kur barrikadohet n\u00eb q\u00ebndrime si n\u00eb rastin e tarif\u00ebs 100% p\u00ebr produktet serbe dhe boshnjake.<\/p>\n

Mir\u00ebpo faktori m\u00eb i r\u00ebnd\u00ebsish\u00ebm kontekstual \u00ebsht\u00eb gatishm\u00ebria p\u00ebr dialog nga ana e shtetit q\u00eb pretendon se ka humbur territor. Edhe pse Serbia nuk e njeh Kosov\u00ebn, futja e saj n\u00eb dialog me Kosov\u00ebn e ka zbutur refuzimin e shteteve t\u00eb treta ndaj Kosov\u00ebs. Serbia ka koh\u00eb q\u00eb nuk merr masa nd\u00ebshkuese p\u00ebr shtetet e treta q\u00eb hyjn\u00eb n\u00eb bashk\u00ebpunim me Kosov\u00ebn.<\/p>\n

Faktor\u00ebt nacional\u00eb<\/em>\u00a0lidhen me shtetet q\u00eb refuzojn\u00eb t\u00eb njohin shtetet e stigmatizuara p\u00ebr shkak t\u00eb kontesteve t\u00eb tyre t\u00eb brendshme me rajone secesioniste. Spanja p.sh vazhdon t\u00eb mbaj\u00eb q\u00ebndrim t\u00eb ashp\u00ebr kund\u00ebr Kosov\u00ebs p\u00ebr shkak t\u00eb problemeve t\u00eb saj me Katalunin\u00eb dhe Bask\u00ebt. Megjithat\u00eb shtete si Britania e Madhe, Turqia, Kanadaja e Somalia kan\u00eb rajone separatiste, por e njohin Kosov\u00ebn.<\/p>\n

Faktor nacional \u00ebsht\u00eb edhe lidhja q\u00eb nj\u00eb shtet mund ket\u00eb me nj\u00eb shtet t\u00eb stigmatizuar n\u00eb nivel kulturor apo fetar. P.sh Azerbaixhani mban lidhje t\u00eb mira me Qipron Turke dhe kishte lejuar q\u00eb aeroplan\u00ebt turko-qipriot\u00eb t\u00eb fluturonin n\u00eb Baku edhe pse kishte vendim nd\u00ebrkomb\u00ebtar p\u00ebr bllokad\u00eb t\u00eb qarkullimit t\u00eb tyre. Bosnja nuk e njeh Kosov\u00ebn p\u00ebr shkak t\u00eb lidhjes q\u00eb serb\u00ebt e Bosnj\u00ebs e kan\u00eb me shtetin am\u00eb Serbin\u00eb. Ata shfryt\u00ebzojn\u00eb infrastruktur\u00ebn politiko-juridike t\u00eb Bosnj\u00ebs dhe p\u00ebrdorin veton e tyre kund\u00ebr Kosov\u00ebs edhe pse komuniteti boshnjak dhe kroat ka shfaqur gatishm\u00ebri p\u00ebr ta njohur Kosov\u00ebn. P\u00ebr shkak t\u00eb af\u00ebrsis\u00eb fetare Kosova ka fituar mb\u00ebshtetje t\u00eb konsiderueshme nga shtetet e Organizat\u00ebs p\u00ebr Bashk\u00ebpunim Islamik (OBI). OBI Qipron Turke e quan zyrtarisht \u201cShteti i Qipros Turke\u201d. Mir\u00ebpo as Kosova, as Qiproja Turke nuk jan\u00eb an\u00ebtare n\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb organizat\u00eb p\u00ebr shkak q\u00eb kusht p\u00ebr an\u00ebtar\u00ebsim n\u00eb t\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb an\u00ebtar\u00ebsimi paraprak n\u00eb OKB.<\/p>\n

T\u00eb gjith\u00eb k\u00ebta faktor\u00eb s\u00eb bashku jan\u00eb pjes\u00eb e nj\u00eb dinamike dhe kohe ku ajo \u00e7far\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb normale dhe ilegale ndryshon n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb konstante. Si\u00e7 shihet, shtetet kan\u00eb mund\u00ebsi q\u00eb n\u00eb t\u2019i shfryt\u00ebzojn\u00eb k\u00ebta faktor\u00eb n\u00eb p\u00ebrputhje me interesat e veta. Disa shtete njohin nj\u00eb shtet t\u00eb stigmatizuar p\u00ebr shkak t\u00eb shkeljes s\u00eb t\u00eb drejtave t\u00eb njeriut, disa tjera jan\u00eb moskok\u00eb\u00e7ar\u00ebse p\u00ebr to. Disa tjera nuk njohin nj\u00eb shtet t\u00eb till\u00eb p\u00ebr shkak t\u00eb kontesteve t\u00eb brendshme, t\u00eb tjerat nuk e shohin k\u00ebt\u00eb fakt si problem.<\/p>\n

Por \u00e7far\u00eb mbetet e pandryshueshme \u00ebsht\u00eb stigma mbi k\u00ebta shtete p\u00ebr sa koh\u00eb ata nuk merren vesh me shtetet prej t\u00eb cilave jan\u00eb shk\u00ebputur. Pa nj\u00eb marr\u00ebveshje t\u00eb till\u00eb kjo stigm\u00eb do t\u00eb b\u00ebhet penges\u00eb p\u00ebr afirmimin e tyre t\u00eb plot\u00eb nd\u00ebrkomb\u00ebtar dhe do t\u00eb pamund\u00ebsoj\u00eb \u201cnjohjen universale\u201d.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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Historikisht shtetet dhe institucionet m\u00eb t\u00eb larta nd\u00ebrkomb\u00ebtare kan\u00eb kund\u00ebrshtuar shpalljen e nj\u00ebanshme t\u00eb pavar\u00ebsive. Shtetet t\u00eb cilat kan\u00eb ardhur n\u00eb ekzistenc\u00eb n\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb dhe t\u00eb cilat nuk jan\u00eb pjes\u00eb e OKB-s\u00eb refuzohen. K\u00ebto shtete p\u00ebr shkak t\u00eb pranueshm\u00ebris\u00eb s\u00eb kufizuar n\u00eb zhargonin e marr\u00ebdh\u00ebnieve nd\u00ebrkomb\u00ebtare quhen\u00a0\u201cde-facto shtete\u201d\u00a0dhe jo\u00a0\u201cde-jure\u201d. Marc Weller thot\u00eb se ligjet […]<\/p>","protected":false},"author":415,"featured_media":10587,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[11,1938],"ppma_author":[778],"class_list":["post-3965","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-uncategorized","tag-kosova","tag-stigmatizimi"],"authors":[{"term_id":778,"user_id":415,"is_guest":0,"slug":"shkodran-ramadani","display_name":"Shkodran Ramadani","avatar_url":{"url":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/shkodran-e1729253403162.jpeg","url2x":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/shkodran-e1729253403162.jpeg"},"user_url":"","last_name":"Ramadani","first_name":"Shkodran","description":"Shkodran Ramadani \u00ebsht\u00eb hulumtues n\u00eb Institutin \u201cCompass\u201d n\u00eb Prishtin\u00eb. Ai ka p\u00ebrfunduar studimet Bachelor n\u00eb Shkenca Politike n\u00eb Universitetin e Evrop\u00ebs Juglindore n\u00eb Tetov\u00eb t\u00eb Maqedonis\u00eb dhe studimet Master n\u00eb Sociologji n\u00eb Universitetin e Prishtin\u00ebs. Shkodrani \u00ebsht\u00eb aktiv n\u00eb fush\u00ebn e hulumtimeve t\u00eb siguris\u00eb, drejt\u00ebsis\u00eb tranzicionale, marr\u00ebdh\u00ebnieve nd\u00ebrkomb\u00ebtare, populizmit, sekularizmit, demokracis\u00eb konsociacionale dhe autonomis\u00eb."}],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3965","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/415"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3965"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3965\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":10588,"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3965\/revisions\/10588"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/10587"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3965"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=3965"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=3965"},{"taxonomy":"author","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/ppma_author?post=3965"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}