Kujtim i koh\u00ebs s\u00eb luft\u00ebs dhe p\u00ebrvojat traumatike nga kjo periudh\u00eb, luajn\u00eb rol t\u00eb r\u00ebnd\u00ebsish\u00ebm n\u00eb procesin e krijimit t\u00eb paqes, por edhe t\u00eb zhvillimit politik t\u00eb nj\u00eb vendit t\u00eb dal nga lufta. Si\u00e7 thekson Nigel Hunt (2010) n\u00eb studimin e tij p\u00ebrkitazi me k\u00ebt\u00eb dukuri, p\u00ebrvoja e luft\u00ebs ndikon duksh\u00ebm n\u00eb diskursin shoq\u00ebror dhe mund t\u00eb ndryshoj\u00eb rr\u00ebnj\u00ebsisht identitetin individual dhe kolektiv. Vet fakti q\u00eb n\u00eb gjuh\u00ebn ton\u00eb t\u00eb p\u00ebrditshme, ne iu referohemi vazhdimisht koh\u00ebs \u2018para dhe pas lufte\u2019, flet mjaft shum\u00eb p\u00ebr ndikimin e saj n\u00eb bot\u00ebkuptimet tona.<\/p>\n
Nj\u00eb segment i r\u00ebnd\u00ebsish\u00ebm \u00ebsht\u00eb sidomos, nd\u00ebrlidhja mes p\u00ebrvoj\u00ebs nga lufta t\u00eb f\u00ebmij\u00ebve t\u00eb asokohsh\u00ebm dhe q\u00ebndrimi e veprimi socio-politik i t\u00eb rinjve t\u00eb sot\u00ebm. Ekspozimi i f\u00ebmij\u00ebve ndaj dhun\u00ebs dhe krimeve t\u00eb luft\u00ebs jan\u00eb t\u00eb evidentuara n\u00eb shum\u00eb raste. Ata kan\u00eb qen\u00eb shpesh d\u00ebshmitar apo edhe viktima t\u00eb luft\u00ebs n\u00eb forma e m\u00ebnyra t\u00eb ndryshme. K\u00ebshtu, nj\u00eb studim i kryer n\u00eb lidhje me luft\u00ebn n\u00eb Ruanda e vitit 1996, hedh\u00eb drit\u00eb mbi shkall\u00ebn e ekspozimit t\u00eb f\u00ebmij\u00ebve ndaj dhun\u00ebs. Rreth 70% e f\u00ebmij\u00ebve t\u00eb intervistuar kishin par\u00eb dik\u00eb t\u00eb vrar\u00eb ose t\u00eb plagosur, 80% t\u00eb tyre \u00a0kishte humbur nj\u00eb an\u00ebtar t\u00eb familjes, dhe 96% kishin qen\u00eb d\u00ebshmitar\u00eb t\u00eb dhun\u00ebs (Machel, 2001). Nj\u00eb tjet\u00ebr studim n\u00eb kampet refugjat\u00ebsh n\u00eb Evrop\u00eb, \u00a0me f\u00ebmij\u00ebt nga zonat e konfliktit gjeti se 60% e tyre kishin qen\u00eb t\u00eb ekspozuar n\u00eb nj\u00eb apo tjet\u00ebr m\u00ebnyr\u00eb ndaj dhun\u00ebs (Chandi \/ Ferrari 2013). P\u00ebr fat t\u00eb keq studime t\u00eb till\u00eb sistematike n\u00eb rastin e Kosov\u00ebs nuk jan\u00eb kryer, por ka me dhjet\u00ebra intervista me f\u00ebmij\u00eb apo t\u00eb ri, q\u00eb tregojn\u00eb ekspozimin e tyre ndaj dhun\u00ebs dhe p\u00ebrvoj\u00ebn n\u00eb luft\u00eb.<\/p>\n
N\u00eb mesin e shum\u00eb prej p\u00ebrvojave t\u00eb tilla t\u00eb koh\u00ebs s\u00eb luft\u00ebs, dua t\u00eb paraqes kujtimet e nj\u00ebrit prej ish-studenteve t\u00eb mi, i cili ishte d\u00ebshmitar i masakr\u00ebs mbi civil\u00ebt shqiptar\u00eb n\u00eb fshatin Beleg. Pas shum\u00eb viteve nga kjo ngjarje, ai p\u00ebrve\u00e7 tregimit t\u00eb tij mblodhi edhe historit\u00eb dhe kujtimet e d\u00ebshmitar\u00ebve t\u00eb tjer\u00eb nga ky fshat p\u00ebr k\u00ebt\u00eb krim lufte, dhe rishtazi e ka botuar si lib\u00ebr. P\u00ebrmes d\u00ebshmive t\u00eb banoreve t\u00eb mbijetuar dhe p\u00ebrvojat e veta ai p\u00ebrpiqet t\u00eb rind\u00ebrtoj\u00eb ngjarjet e asaj dite tragjike dhe gjithashtu se si fshatar\u00ebt sot p\u00ebrballen me t\u00eb kaluar\u00ebn e sidomos me pasojat e masakr\u00ebs. Qasja n\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb lib\u00ebr korrespondon me kombinim e dy llojeve t\u00eb kujtes\u00ebs kolektive, si ajo e \u2018kujtes\u00ebs autobiografike\u2019 dhe t\u00eb \u2018kujtes\u00ebs historike\u2019. K\u00ebto koncepte jan\u00eb shtjelluar s\u00eb pari nga sociologu francez Maurice Halbwachs (1925), i cili konsiderohet edhe si themelues i studimeve mbi kujtes\u00ebn kolektive. Sipas tij, lloji i par\u00eb i kujtes\u00ebs ka t\u00eb b\u00ebj\u00eb me ngjarjet e dikujt, q\u00eb jet\u00ebn e vet e kujton nga p\u00ebrvojat e drejtp\u00ebrdrejta, nd\u00ebrsa e dyta i referohet p\u00ebrpunimit t\u00eb ngjarjeve n\u00eb baz\u00eb t\u00eb cilave grupet e caktuara pretendojn\u00eb identitetin e vazhdueshme n\u00ebp\u00ebr koh\u00eb (Olick, 2011). Por, t\u00eb dy llojet e kujtimeve jan\u00eb t\u00eb nd\u00ebrlidhura; n\u00eb fakt kujtesa individuale \u00ebsht\u00eb e mundur vet\u00ebm n\u00eb kontekst t\u00eb korniz\u00ebs shoq\u00ebrore. Studiues t\u00eb tjer\u00eb theksojn\u00eb r\u00ebnd\u00ebsin\u00eb e \u2018kujtes\u00ebs t\u00eb dor\u00ebs s\u00eb dyt\u00eb\u2019 (Sebald, 2004) dhe at\u00eb \u00e7far\u00eb Marianne Hirsch e quan \u2018pas-kujtesa\u2019 (postmemory), e cila i referohet atyre kujtimeve q\u00eb barten nga ata q\u00eb p\u00ebrjetuan ngjarjet, n\u00eb breza t\u00eb rinj q\u00eb nuk i kan\u00eb p\u00ebrjetuar vet ato.<\/p>\n
Kjo m\u00ebnyr\u00eb e trash\u00ebgimis\u00eb t\u00eb kujtes\u00ebs s\u00eb luft\u00ebs, ndikon ve\u00e7an\u00ebrisht te gjeneratat q\u00eb jan\u00eb lindur gjat\u00eb luft\u00ebs ose menj\u00ebher\u00eb pas saj, dhe kan\u00eb ndikim t\u00eb madh n\u00eb identitetin e tyre shoq\u00ebror, politik dhe komb\u00ebtar. N\u00eb diskursin politik ashtu edhe n\u00eb jet\u00ebn e p\u00ebrditshme, kujtimet traumatike dhe p\u00ebrvojat nga lufta vazhdojn\u00eb t\u00eb luajn\u00eb nj\u00eb rol t\u00eb madh dhe rrjedhimisht ndikojn\u00eb thell\u00ebsisht n\u00eb identitetin e brezave t\u00eb rinj, q\u00eb kan\u00eb pak ose aspak p\u00ebrvoj\u00eb nga ajo periudh\u00eb kohore.<\/p>\n
N\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb kuptim, debati i ashp\u00ebr e antagonist n\u00eb muajt e fundit, p\u00ebr shkak t\u00eb Gjykat\u00ebs Speciale, pasqyron qartazi ndikimin politik q\u00eb ka e kaluara dhe se sa t\u00eb renda jan\u00eb pasojat e mosballafaqimit t\u00eb drejt\u00eb me t\u00eb kaluar\u00ebn. Nocionet e \u2018tradhtis\u00eb\u2019 e \u2018patriotizmit\u2019, si n\u00eb debatet parlamentare ashtu edhe n\u00eb diskursin publik ishin n\u00eb rend t\u00eb dit\u00ebs. Instrumentalizimi i t\u00eb kaluar\u00ebs dhe manipulimi emocional me t\u00eb duke u viktimizuar, ishin dhe mbesin p\u00ebr q\u00ebllime e motive politike e elektorale. Mohimi i \u00e7far\u00ebdo krimi dhe kund\u00ebrshtimi p\u00ebr t\u00eb gjykuar krimet eventuale t\u00eb kryera nga pjes\u00ebtar e vet etnik, ndoshta mund t\u00eb shpjegohen m\u00eb s\u00eb miri me th\u00ebnien e famshme nga filozofi Bertrand Russell, se: \u201cPatriot\u00ebt gjithmon\u00eb flasim se sa jan\u00eb t\u00eb gatsh\u00ebm p\u00ebr t\u00eb vdekur p\u00ebr vendin dhe asnj\u00ebher\u00eb p\u00ebr at\u00eb se sa jan\u00eb gati t\u00eb vrasin p\u00ebr vendin e tyre.\u201d<\/p>\n
Diskursi dhe hap\u00ebsira publike, transmetimet si dhe interpretimet nga e kaluara e af\u00ebrt jan\u00eb fabrikuar dhe instrumentalizuar n\u00eb m\u00ebnyra t\u00eb ndryshme nga politikan\u00eb t\u00eb ndrysh\u00ebm kosovar\u00eb dhe grupet para-politike (kujtojm\u00eb vet\u00ebm listat e regjistrimit t\u00eb studenteve n\u00eb Universitet), p\u00ebr t\u00eb fituar pushtet dhe legjitimitetin p\u00ebrmes ngjarjeve t\u00eb luft\u00ebs, qoft\u00eb n\u00eb form\u00eb t\u00eb martirizimit apo heroizmit t\u00eb supozuar. K\u00ebshtu kujtesa kolektive e derivuar nga historiografia zyrtare e gjysm\u00eb-zyrtare dhe e miratuar nga pushteti, ndikojn\u00eb jo vet\u00ebm n\u00eb formimin e identitetit por edhe n\u00eb q\u00ebndrimet e sjelljet politike, ve\u00e7an\u00ebrisht n\u00eb mesin e brezave t\u00eb rinj t\u00eb Kosov\u00ebs.<\/p>\n
____________________<\/p>\n
Ky shkrim \u00ebsht\u00eb ribotuar nga redaksia pas nj\u00eb t\u00ebrheqje p\u00ebr shkaqe teknike.<\/strong><\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" Kujtim i koh\u00ebs s\u00eb luft\u00ebs dhe p\u00ebrvojat traumatike nga kjo periudh\u00eb, luajn\u00eb rol t\u00eb r\u00ebnd\u00ebsish\u00ebm n\u00eb procesin e krijimit t\u00eb paqes, por edhe t\u00eb zhvillimit politik t\u00eb nj\u00eb vendit t\u00eb dal nga lufta. Si\u00e7 thekson Nigel Hunt (2010) n\u00eb studimin e tij p\u00ebrkitazi me k\u00ebt\u00eb dukuri, p\u00ebrvoja e luft\u00ebs ndikon duksh\u00ebm n\u00eb diskursin shoq\u00ebror dhe […]<\/p>","protected":false},"author":31,"featured_media":11082,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[9],"tags":[1469,664,714],"ppma_author":[41],"class_list":["post-431","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-opinion","tag-identiteti","tag-kosovo","tag-war"],"authors":[{"term_id":41,"user_id":31,"is_guest":0,"slug":"bekim-baliqi","display_name":"Bekim Baliqi","avatar_url":{"url":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/Bekim-Baliqi-300x175-1.jpg","url2x":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/Bekim-Baliqi-300x175-1.jpg"},"user_url":"","last_name":"Baliqi","first_name":"Bekim","description":""}],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/431","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/31"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=431"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/431\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":432,"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/431\/revisions\/432"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/11082"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=431"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=431"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=431"},{"taxonomy":"author","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/ppma_author?post=431"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}