{"id":4312,"date":"2018-12-22T11:44:30","date_gmt":"2018-12-22T09:44:30","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/?p=4312"},"modified":"2025-01-09T11:47:34","modified_gmt":"2025-01-09T09:47:34","slug":"miti-i-lirise","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/en\/analize\/miti-i-lirise\/","title":{"rendered":"Miti i Liris\u00eb"},"content":{"rendered":"
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Artikulli origjinal n\u00eb\u00a0The Guardian<\/a><\/p>\n

Qeverit\u00eb dhe korporatat s\u00eb shpejti do t\u2019iu njohin m\u00eb mir\u00eb se sa e njihni veten. Besimi n\u00eb iden\u00eb e \u2018vullnetit t\u00eb lir\u00eb\u2019 \u00ebsht\u00eb b\u00ebr\u00eb i rreziksh\u00ebm<\/em><\/p>\n

A duhet q\u00eb akademik\u00ebt t\u2019i sh\u00ebrbejn\u00eb t\u00eb v\u00ebrtet\u00ebs, edhe me koston e harmonis\u00eb shoq\u00ebrore? A duhet t\u00eb demaskosh nj\u00eb trillim edhe kur ai trillium mban rendin shoq\u00ebror? M\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb dashur t\u00eb mundohem me k\u00ebt\u00eb dilem\u00eb p\u00ebr sa i p\u00ebrket liberalizmit, gjat\u00eb p\u00ebrgatitjes s\u00eb librit tim t\u00eb fundit\u00a021 M\u00ebsime p\u00ebr Shekullin 21<\/a><\/p>\n

N\u00eb nj\u00ebr\u00ebn an\u00eb, besoj se tregimi liberal \u00ebsht\u00eb me t\u00eb meta, se nuk tregon t\u00eb gjith\u00eb t\u00eb v\u00ebrtet\u00ebn rreth njer\u00ebzimit dhe se po desh\u00ebm t\u00eb mbijetojm\u00eb dhe lul\u00ebzojm\u00eb n\u00eb shekullin e 21t\u00eb, duhet t\u00eb shkojm\u00eb p\u00ebrtej tij. N\u00eb an\u00ebn tjet\u00ebr, tregimi liberal tash p\u00ebr tash \u00ebsht\u00eb ende fundamental p\u00ebr funksionimin e rendit global. P\u00ebr m\u00eb tep\u00ebr, liberalizmi tash po sulmohet nga fanatik\u00eb fetar\u00eb e nacionalist\u00eb t\u00eb cil\u00ebt besojn\u00eb n\u00eb fantazira nostalgjike q\u00eb jan\u00eb shum\u00eb m\u00eb t\u00eb rrezikshme dhe t\u00eb d\u00ebmshme.<\/p>\n

A duhet t\u00eb flas hapur pra, me riskun q\u00eb fjal\u00ebt mund t\u00eb m\u00eb nxirren prej kontekstit dhe t\u00eb keqp\u00ebrdoren nga demagog\u00eb e autokrat\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u00eb sulmuar edhe m\u00eb tej rendin liberal? Apo duhet q\u00eb ta censuroj vetveten? \u00cbsht\u00eb shenj\u00eb e regjimeve joliberale ta b\u00ebjn\u00eb lirin\u00eb e shprehjes edhe m\u00eb t\u00eb v\u00ebshtir\u00eb, madje edhe jasht\u00eb kufijve t\u00eb tyre. P\u00ebr shkak t\u00eb p\u00ebrhapjes s\u00eb regjimeve t\u00eb tilla, po b\u00ebhet gjithnj\u00eb e m\u00eb e v\u00ebshtir\u00eb t\u00eb mendosh kritikisht p\u00ebr t\u00eb ardhmen e llojit ton\u00eb.<\/p>\n

N\u00eb fund zgjodha diskutimin e lir\u00eb para vet\u00ebcensur\u00ebs, fal\u00eb besimit tim si n\u00eb fuqin\u00eb e demokracis\u00eb liberale, ashtu edhe n\u00eb domosdoshm\u00ebrin\u00eb p\u00ebr ta ndrequr. P\u00ebrpar\u00ebsia e madhe e liberalizmit mbi ideologjit\u00eb tjera \u00ebsht\u00eb se \u00ebsht\u00eb edhe fleksibile dhe jodogmatike. Mund t\u00eb p\u00ebrballoj\u00eb kritik\u00ebn m\u00eb shum\u00eb se cilido rend tjet\u00ebr shoq\u00ebror. \u00c7\u2019\u00ebsht\u00eb e v\u00ebrteta, \u00ebsht\u00eb i vetmi rend shoq\u00ebror q\u00eb i lejon njer\u00ebzve t\u00eb v\u00ebn\u00eb n\u00eb pik\u00ebpyetje madje edhe vet\u00eb themelet e tij. Liberalizmi tashm\u00eb i ka mbijetuar tri kriza t\u00eb m\u00ebdha \u2013 luft\u00ebn e par\u00eb bot\u00ebrore, sfid\u00ebn fashiste t\u00eb viteve 1930 dhe sfid\u00ebn komuniste n\u00eb vitet 1950 -70. N\u00ebse mendoni se liberalizmi \u00ebsht\u00eb n\u00eb telashe sot, vet\u00ebm kujtoni se sa m\u00eb keq ishte puna m\u00eb 1918, 1938, ose 1968.<\/p>\n

M\u00eb 1968, demokracit\u00eb liberale dukeshin si specie n\u00eb rrezik, ku edhe p\u00ebrbrenda kufijve t\u00eb tyre ato u trondit\u00ebn nga trazirat, vrasjet, sulmet terroriste dhe betejat e ashpra ideologjike. N\u00eb rast se do t\u00eb ishit mes trazirave n\u00eb Uashington n\u00eb dit\u00ebn kur u vra Martin Luther King-u, ose n\u00eb Paris n\u00eb maj 1968, ose n\u00eb konvent\u00ebn e Partis\u00eb Demokratike n\u00eb \u00c7ikago n\u00eb gusht 1968, mund t\u00eb kishit menduar se fundi \u00ebsht\u00eb af\u00ebr. Nd\u00ebrkoh\u00eb q\u00eb Uashingtoni, Parisi e \u00c7ikago po katandiseshin n\u00eb kaos, Moska de Leningradi ishin t\u00eb qeta dhe sistemi sovjetik dukej si i destinuar t\u00eb q\u00ebndronte p\u00ebrgjithnj\u00eb. 20 vjet\u00eb m\u00eb pas, ishte megjithat\u00eb, sistemi sovjetik q\u00eb u shemb. P\u00ebrplasjet e viteve 1960 p\u00ebrforcuan demokracin\u00eb liberale, nd\u00ebrkoh\u00eb q\u00eb klima mbyt\u00ebse n\u00eb bllokun sovjetik qe shenj\u00eb paralajm\u00ebruese p\u00ebr fundin e tij.<\/p>\n

Le t\u00eb shpresojm\u00eb q\u00eb liberalizmi t\u00eb rip\u00ebrt\u00ebrihet p\u00ebrs\u00ebri. Sido q\u00eb t\u00eb jet\u00eb, sfida kryesore p\u00ebrball s\u00eb cil\u00ebs gjendet sot, nuk vjen nga fashizmi apo komunizmi, e madje as nga demagog\u00ebt e autokrat\u00ebt q\u00eb po p\u00ebrhapen githkund si k\u00ebrmijt pas shiut. K\u00ebt\u00eb here, sfida kryesore nxjerr kryet n\u00eb laboratore.<\/p>\n

Liberalizmi \u00ebsht\u00eb themeluar mbi besimin n\u00eb lirin\u00eb njer\u00ebzore. Ndryshe prej minjve e majmun\u00ebve, qeniet njer\u00ebzore supozohet t\u00eb ken\u00eb \u201cvullnet t\u00eb lir\u00eb\u201d. Kjo \u00ebsht\u00eb ajo \u00e7far\u00eb i b\u00ebn ndjenjat njer\u00ebzore dhe zgjedhjet njer\u00ebzore autoritetin m\u00eb t\u00eb lart\u00eb moral e politik n\u00eb bot\u00eb. Liberalizmi na thot\u00eb se votuesi e di m\u00eb s\u00eb miri, se konsumatori gjithnj\u00eb ka t\u00eb drejt\u00eb, dhe se duhet t\u00eb mendojm\u00eb p\u00ebr vete dhe t\u00eb ndjekim zemrat tona.<\/p>\n

Fatkeq\u00ebsisht, \u201cvullneti i lir\u00eb\u201d nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb realitet shkencor. \u00cbsht\u00eb mit i trash\u00ebguar nga teologjia e krishter\u00eb. Teolog\u00ebt zhvilluan iden\u00eb e \u201cvullnetit t\u00eb lir\u00eb\u201d q\u00eb t\u00eb shpjegojn\u00eb pse Zoti ka t\u00eb drejt\u00eb t\u00eb nd\u00ebshkoj\u00eb m\u00ebkatar\u00ebt p\u00ebr zgjedhjet e k\u00ebqija dhe t\u00eb shp\u00ebrblej\u00eb shenjt\u00ebt p\u00ebr zgjedhjet e tyre t\u00eb mira. N\u00ebse zgjedhjet tona nuk b\u00ebhen lirsh\u00ebm, pse duhet q\u00eb Zoti t\u00eb na nd\u00ebshkoj\u00eb a shp\u00ebrblej\u00eb p\u00ebr to? Sipas teolog\u00ebve, \u00ebsht\u00eb e arsyeshme p\u00ebr Zotin q\u00eb t\u00eb b\u00ebj\u00eb ashtu, sepse zgjedhjet tona pasqyrojn\u00eb vullnetin e lir\u00eb t\u00eb shpirtrave tan\u00eb t\u00eb p\u00ebrjetsh\u00ebm, q\u00eb jan\u00eb t\u00eb pavarur prej t\u00eb gjitha kufizimeve fizike e biologjike.<\/p>\n

Ky mit nuk ka t\u00eb b\u00ebj\u00eb shum\u00eb me at\u00eb \u00e7far\u00eb na m\u00ebson sot shkenca rreth\u00a0Homo sapiens\u00ebve<\/em>\u00a0\u00a0dhe kafsh\u00ebve t\u00eb tjera. Patjet\u00ebr q\u00eb njer\u00ebzit kan\u00eb vullnet \u2013 por ai nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb i lir\u00eb. Nuk mund t\u00eb vendos\u00ebsh \u00e7far\u00eb d\u00ebshirash ke. Nuk vendos t\u00eb jesh introvert apo ekstrovert, i qet\u00eb a i ankthsh\u00ebm, homo a heteroseksual. Njer\u00ebzit b\u00ebjn\u00eb zgjedhje \u2013 por ato kurr\u00eb nuk jan\u00eb zgjedhje t\u00eb pavarura. \u00c7do zgjedhje varet prej nj\u00eb mori kushtesh biologjike, shoq\u00ebrore e personale, t\u00eb cilat nuk mund t\u2019i p\u00ebrcaktosh p\u00ebr vetveten. Mund t\u00eb zgjedh \u00e7far\u00eb t\u00eb ha, me k\u00eb t\u00eb martohem dhe p\u00ebr k\u00eb t\u00eb votoj, por k\u00ebto zgjedhje p\u00ebrcaktohen pjes\u00ebrisht nga gjenet e mia, biokimia ime, gjinia ime, prapavija ime familjare, kultura ime komb\u00ebtare, etj. \u2013 po ashtu nuk zgjedh se \u00e7far\u00eb gjenesh apo familje kam.<\/p>\n

Kjo nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb teori abstrakte. Mund ta v\u00ebrtetoni k\u00ebt\u00eb shum\u00eb leht\u00eb. Studioni mendimin pasues q\u00eb iu vjen n\u00eb mendje. Prej nga erdhi? A zgjodhet lirsh\u00ebm q\u00eb ta mendoni? Natyrisht q\u00eb jo. Po t\u00eb studioni mendjen tuaj me kujdes, do t\u00eb kuptoni se keni shum\u00eb pak kontroll mbi at\u00eb se \u00e7far\u00eb ndodh aty brenda, dhe se nuk po zgjedhni lirsh\u00ebm \u00e7far\u00eb t\u00eb mendon, dhe \u00e7far\u00eb t\u00eb d\u00ebshironi.<\/p>\n

Ndon\u00ebse \u201cvullneti i lir\u00eb\u201d ka qen\u00eb gjithmon\u00eb mit, n\u00eb shekujt e m\u00ebparsh\u00ebm ishte i nevojsh\u00ebm. I trim\u00ebroi njer\u00ebzit q\u00eb duhej t\u00eb luftonin kund\u00ebr Kryq\u00ebzat\u00ebs, t\u00eb drejt\u00ebs hyjnore t\u00eb mbret\u00ebrve, KGB-s\u00eb e KKK-s\u00eb. Miti gjithashtu p\u00ebrmbante disa rreziqe. M\u00eb 1776 ose m\u00eb 1945 nuk do iu \u00a0b\u00ebnte shum\u00eb d\u00ebm t\u00eb besonit se ndjenjat dhe zgjedhjet tuaja ishin produkt i ndonj\u00eb \u201cvullneti t\u00eb lir\u00eb\u201d, e jo rezultat i biokimis\u00eb dhe neurologjis\u00eb.<\/p>\n

Por tash, besimi n\u00eb \u201cvullnetin e lir\u00eb\u201d b\u00ebhet papritmas i rreziksh\u00ebm. N\u00ebse qeverit\u00eb dhe korporatat ia arrijn\u00eb t\u00eb hakojn\u00eb kafsh\u00ebn njer\u00ebzore, njer\u00ebzit t\u00eb cil\u00ebt do t\u00eb manipulohen m\u00eb s\u00eb lehti, do t\u00eb jen\u00eb ata q\u00eb besojn\u00eb n\u00eb vullnetin e lir\u00eb.<\/p>\n

N\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb q\u00eb t\u00eb njer\u00ebzit t\u00eb hakohen me sukses, t\u00eb duhen dy gj\u00ebra: dije e konsiderueshme e biologjis\u00eb, si dhe fuqi e madhe kompjuterike. Kryq\u00ebzat\u00ebs dhe KGB-s\u00eb i mungonte kjo dije dhe kjo fuqi. Por s\u00eb shpejti, korporatat dhe qeverit\u00eb mund t\u00eb ken\u00eb q\u00eb t\u00eb dyja, dhe sapo t\u2019iu ken\u00eb hakuar, jo vet\u00ebm q\u00eb do t\u2019iu parashikojn\u00eb zgjedhjet, por edhe do t\u2019iu risajojn\u00eb ndjenjat. P\u00ebr ta b\u00ebr\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb, korporatave dhe qeverive do t\u2019iu duhet t\u2019iu njohin p\u00ebrsosshm\u00ebrisht. Kjo \u00ebsht\u00eb e pamundur. Do t\u2019iu duhet t\u2019iu njohin vet\u00ebm pak me mir\u00eb se ju vetveten. E kjo nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb e pamundur, ngase shumica e njer\u00ebzve nuk e njohin vetveten shum\u00eb mir\u00eb.<\/p>\n

N\u00ebse besoni n\u00eb tregimin tradicional liberal, do t\u00eb jeni t\u00eb prirur thjesht ta largoni nga mendja k\u00ebt\u00eb sfid\u00eb. \u201cJo, s\u2019do t\u00eb ndodh\u00eb. Askush s\u2019do t\u00eb mund t\u00eb hakoj\u00eb ndonj\u00ebher\u00eb frym\u00ebn njer\u00ebzore, sepse aty ka di\u00e7ka q\u00eb shkon larg e p\u00ebrtej gjeneve, neuroneve dhe algoritmeve. Askush s\u2019mund t\u2019ia dal\u00eb t\u00eb parashikoj\u00eb dhe manipuloj\u00eb zgjedhjet e mia, sepse zgjedhjet e mia pasqyrojn\u00eb vullnetin tim t\u00eb lir\u00eb.\u201d P\u00ebr fat t\u00eb keq, ta largosh nga mendja k\u00ebt\u00eb sfid\u00eb nuk do ta b\u00ebj\u00eb q\u00eb t\u00eb zhduket. Vet\u00ebm sa do t\u2019iu b\u00ebj\u00eb m\u00eb t\u00eb c\u00ebnuesh\u00ebm ndaj saj.<\/p>\n

Fillon me gj\u00ebra t\u00eb thjeshta. P\u00ebrderisa k\u00ebrkoni n\u00eb internet, iu bie n\u00eb sy nj\u00eb kryetitull: \u201cnj\u00eb band\u00eb imigrant\u00ebsh p\u00ebrdhunon grat\u00eb e vendit\u201d. E klikoni. N\u00eb po t\u00eb njejtin moment, fqinji juaj po k\u00ebrkon n\u00eb internet poashtu, ku nj\u00eb tjet\u00ebr kryetitull i bie n\u00eb sy: \u201cTrump-i p\u00ebrgatit sulm nuklear mbi Iranin\u201d. Ajo e klikon. T\u00eb dy kryetitujt jan\u00eb lajme t\u00eb rreme, ndoshta t\u00eb prodhuara nga rus\u00ebt, ose nga nj\u00eb uebfaqe e etur q\u00eb t\u00eb rris\u00eb trafikun p\u00ebr t\u00eb shtuar t\u00eb ardhurat nga reklamat. Si ju, edhe fqinji ndiheni sikur keni klikuar k\u00ebta kryetituj prej vullnetit tuaj t\u00eb lir\u00eb. Por n\u00eb fakt, jeni hakuar.<\/p>\n

Natyrisht, propaganda dhe manipulimi s\u2019jan\u00eb gj\u00eb e re. Por p\u00ebrderisa n\u00eb t\u00eb kaluar\u00ebn ato funksiononin si bombardim sistematik i nj\u00eb zone t\u00eb t\u00ebr\u00eb, tash ato jan\u00eb b\u00ebr\u00eb municione me precizion t\u00eb lart\u00eb. Kur Hitleri jepte fjalim n\u00eb radio, ai synonte em\u00ebruesin m\u00eb t\u00eb ul\u00ebt t\u00eb p\u00ebrbashk\u00ebt, sepse nuk kishte mund\u00ebsi t\u2019i p\u00ebrshtaste porosin\u00eb dob\u00ebsis\u00eb unike t\u00eb mendjeve individuale. Tash \u00ebsht\u00eb b\u00ebr\u00eb e mundur q\u00eb t\u00eb b\u00ebhet mu ajo. Nj\u00eb algorit\u00ebm mund t\u00eb tregoj\u00eb se tashm\u00eb keni paragjykime ndaj imigrant\u00ebve, nd\u00ebrsa fqinji tashm\u00eb ka mosp\u00eblqim p\u00ebr Trump-in, q\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb arsyeja pse shihni nj\u00eb kryetitull, nd\u00ebrkoh\u00eb q\u00eb fqinji sheh nj\u00eb krejt tjet\u00ebr. N\u00eb vitet e fundit, disa prej njer\u00ebzve m\u00eb t\u00eb zgjuar n\u00eb bot\u00eb kan\u00eb punuar p\u00ebr t\u00eb hakuar trurin njer\u00ebzor n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb q\u00eb t\u2019iu b\u00ebjn\u00eb t\u00eb klikoni reklamat dhe t\u2019iu shesin gj\u00ebra. Tash, k\u00ebto metoda po p\u00ebrdoren gjithashtu p\u00ebr t\u2019iu shitur politikan\u00eb e ideologji.<\/p>\n

Ky \u00ebsht\u00eb vet\u00ebm fillimi. Tash p\u00ebr tash, haker\u00ebt mb\u00ebshteten n\u00eb t\u00eb analizuarit e sinjaleve dhe veprimeve n\u00eb bot\u00ebn jashtme: produktet q\u00eb blini, vendet q\u00eb vizitoni, fjal\u00ebt q\u00eb k\u00ebrkoni onlajn. Sidoqoft\u00eb, brenda disa vitesh, sensoret biometrik\u00eb do t\u2019iu japin haker\u00ebve qasje t\u00eb drejtp\u00ebrdrejt\u00eb n\u00eb bot\u00ebn tuaj t\u00eb brendshme, ku ata mund t\u00eb v\u00ebzhgojn\u00eb se \u00e7far\u00eb po ndodh n\u00eb zemr\u00ebn tuaj. Jo zemr\u00ebn metaforike, aq t\u00eb dashur p\u00ebr fantazit\u00eb liberale, por pomp\u00ebn muskulore q\u00eb rregullon shtypjen tuaj t\u00eb gjakut dhe shum\u00eb\u00e7ka prej aktivitetit t\u00eb trurit. Pastaj, haker\u00ebt mund t\u00eb b\u00ebjn\u00eb lidhjen mes t\u00eb rrahurave t\u00eb zemr\u00ebs dhe t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave t\u00eb kart\u00ebs tuaj t\u00eb kreditit, si dhe shtypjes s\u00eb gjakut me historin\u00eb tuaj t\u00eb k\u00ebrkimit n\u00eb internet. \u00c7far\u00eb do t\u00eb kishin b\u00ebr\u00eb Kryq\u00ebzata dhe KGB-ja me byzylyk\u00ebt biometrik\u00eb q\u00eb monitorojn\u00eb papushim disponimet dhe gjendjet tuaja emotive? Rrini n\u00eb lidhje.<\/p>\n

Liberalizmi ka zhvilluar nj\u00eb arsenal mbres\u00ebl\u00ebn\u00ebs argumentesh dhe institucionesh p\u00ebr t\u00eb mbrojtur lirit\u00eb individuale prej sulmeve t\u00eb jashtme t\u00eb qeverive shtyp\u00ebse dhe feve fanatike, por \u00ebsht\u00eb i pap\u00ebrgatitur p\u00ebr nj\u00eb situat\u00eb kur liria individuale p\u00ebrmbyset prej s\u00eb brendshmi, dhe kur vet konceptet e \u201cindividit\u201d dhe \u201cliris\u00eb\u201d s\u2019kan\u00eb m\u00eb ndonj\u00eb kuptim. Q\u00eb t\u00eb mbijetojm\u00eb e t\u00eb lul\u00ebzojm\u00eb n\u00eb shekullin 21, duhet t\u00eb l\u00ebm\u00eb pas pik\u00ebmapjen naive se njer\u00ebzit jan\u00eb individ\u00eb t\u00eb lir\u00eb \u2013 pik\u00ebpamje kjo e trash\u00ebguar prej teologjis\u00eb s\u00eb krishter\u00eb po aq sa edhe prej Iluminizmit modern \u2013 dhe t\u00eb biem n\u00eb ujdi me at\u00eb se \u00e7far\u00eb jan\u00eb njer\u00ebzit n\u00eb t\u00eb v\u00ebrtet\u00eb: kafsh\u00eb t\u00eb hakueshme. Duhet t\u00eb njohim vetveten m\u00eb mir\u00eb.<\/p>\n

\u00cbsht\u00eb posa\u00e7\u00ebrisht e r\u00ebnd\u00ebsishme q\u00eb t\u00eb njohim dob\u00ebsit\u00eb tona. Ato jan\u00eb veglat kryesore t\u00eb atyre q\u00eb p\u00ebrpiqen t\u2019iu hakojn\u00eb. Kompjuter\u00ebt hakohen p\u00ebrmes kodeve me gabime paraekzistuese. Haker\u00ebt nuk mund t\u00eb krijojn\u00eb frik\u00eb e urrejtje nga asgj\u00ebja. Por, kur zbulojn\u00eb se kujt i frik\u00ebsohen e k\u00eb urrejnj\u00eb njer\u00ebzit, \u00ebsht\u00eb m\u00eb leht\u00eb t\u00eb shtyp\u00ebsh buton\u00ebt e duhur emocional\u00eb dhe t\u00eb provokosh t\u00ebrbim edhe m\u00eb t\u00eb madh.<\/p>\n

N\u00ebse njer\u00ebzit nuk mund t\u00eb njohin m\u00eb mir\u00eb vetveten me forcat e tyre, ndoshta e njejta teknologji q\u00eb p\u00ebrdorin haker\u00ebt mund t\u00eb kthehet p\u00ebrmbys dhe t\u00eb sh\u00ebrbej\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u00eb na mbrojtur. Sikur se kompjuteri juaj ka nj\u00eb program antivirusi q\u00eb k\u00ebrkon programe t\u00eb d\u00ebmshme, mbase edhe neve na duhet nj\u00eb antivirus p\u00ebr trurin. Nidhm\u00ebsi juaj me inteligjenc\u00eb artificiale do t\u00eb m\u00ebsoj\u00eb nga p\u00ebrvoja se keni nj\u00eb nj\u00eb dob\u00ebsi t\u00eb posa\u00e7me \u2013 si p.sh., p\u00ebr videot me mace t\u00eb leze\u00e7me apo p\u00ebr storiet mbi Trump-in \u2013 dhe do t\u2019i bllokoj\u00eb ato p\u00ebr ju.<\/p>\n

Sido q\u00eb jet\u00eb, e gjith\u00eb kjo \u00ebsht\u00eb v\u00ebrtet nj\u00eb \u00e7\u00ebshtje an\u00ebsore. N\u00ebse njer\u00ebzit jan\u00eb kafsh\u00eb t\u00eb hakueshme dhe n\u00ebse zgjedhjet dhe opinionet tona nuk pasqyrojn\u00eb vullnetin ton\u00eb t\u00eb lir\u00eb, cili do t\u00eb duhej t\u00eb ishte q\u00ebllimi i politik\u00ebs? P\u00ebr 300o vjet\u00eb, idealet liberale frym\u00ebzuan nj\u00eb projekt politik q\u00eb synonte t\u2019iu jepte aft\u00ebsin\u00eb sa m\u00eb shum\u00eb individ\u00ebve q\u00eb t\u00eb ishte e mundur, p\u00ebr t\u00eb ndjekur \u00ebnd\u00ebrrat dhe p\u00ebr t\u00eb plot\u00ebsuar d\u00ebshirat e tyre. Tash jemi m\u00eb af\u00ebr se kurr\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u00eb arritur k\u00ebt\u00eb q\u00ebllim \u2013 por jemi gjithashtu m\u00eb af\u00ebr se kurr\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u00eb kuptuar q\u00eb e gjith\u00eb kjo ka qen\u00eb e nd\u00ebrtuar mbi nj\u00eb iluzion. T\u00eb njejtat teknologji q\u00eb kemi shpikur p\u00ebr t\u00eb ndihmuar individin t\u00eb ndjek\u00eb \u00ebndrrat, b\u00ebjn\u00eb t\u00eb mundur gjithashtu risajimin e atyre \u00ebndrrave. At\u00ebher\u00eb, a mund t\u2019i besoj \u00ebndrrave t\u00eb mia?<\/p>\n

Par\u00eb nga nj\u00eb perspektiv\u00eb, ky zbulim i jep njer\u00ebzve nj\u00eb lloj t\u00ebr\u00ebsisht t\u00eb ri lirie. M\u00eb par\u00eb, jemi identifikuar fuqish\u00ebm me d\u00ebshirat tona dhe kemi k\u00ebrkuar lirin\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u2019i realizuar ato. Kurdo q\u00eb na \u00ebsht\u00eb shfaqur nj\u00eb mendim, jemi ngutur ta \u00e7ojm\u00eb n\u00eb vend. Kemi kaluar dit\u00ebt duke vrapuar si t\u00eb marr\u00eb, t\u00eb pushtuar nga nj\u00eb tren i furish\u00ebm mendimesh, ndjenjash e d\u00ebshirash, q\u00eb gabimisht kishim besuar se pasqyronin vullnetin ton\u00eb t\u00eb lir\u00eb. \u00c7far\u00eb ndodh n\u00ebse ndalemi s\u00eb identifikuari me k\u00ebt\u00eb tren? \u00c7far\u00eb ndodh kur v\u00ebzhgojm\u00eb me kujdes mendimin pasues q\u00eb na shfaqet n\u00eb mendje dhe pyesim: \u201cPrej nga erdhi kjo?\u201d<\/p>\n

Sa p\u00ebr fillim, t\u00eb kuptuarit se mendimet dhe d\u00ebshirat ton\u00eb nuk pasqyrojn\u00eb vullnetin ton\u00eb t\u00eb lir\u00eb mund t\u00eb na ndihmoj\u00eb q\u00eb t\u00eb jemi m\u00eb pak obsesiv\u00eb ndaj tyre. N\u00ebse e shoh vetveten si agjent t\u00ebr\u00ebsisht t\u00eb lir\u00eb, q\u00eb zgjedh d\u00ebshirat me pavar\u00ebsi t\u00eb plot\u00eb nga bota, kjo ngre nj\u00eb penges\u00eb mes meje dhe realiteteve t\u00eb tjera. N\u00eb fund t\u00eb fundit, nuk m\u00eb duhen fort k\u00ebto realitetet tjera, \u2013 jam i pavarur. N\u00eb t\u00eb njejt\u00ebn koh\u00eb, kjo i jep r\u00ebnd\u00ebsi t\u00eb jasht\u00ebzakonshme \u00e7do tekeje time \u2013 zgjodha pik\u00ebrisht k\u00ebt\u00eb d\u00ebshir\u00eb, \u00a0nga t\u00eb gjitha d\u00ebshirat e mundshme n\u00eb univers. Sapo t\u2019i kemi kushtuar aq shum\u00eb r\u00ebnd\u00ebsi d\u00ebshirave tona, natyrsh\u00ebm do t\u00eb provojm\u00eb t\u00eb kontrollojm\u00eb dhe t\u00eb p\u00ebrshtasim t\u00ebr\u00eb bot\u00ebn sipas tyre. B\u00ebjm\u00eb luft\u00ebra, presim pyje dhe \u00e7ekuilibrojm\u00eb t\u00ebr\u00eb ekosistemin n\u00eb ndjekje t\u00eb tekeve tona. Por n\u00ebse do t\u00eb kutponim m\u00eb mir\u00eb se d\u00ebshirat tona nuk jan\u00eb rezultat i zgjedhjes s\u00eb lir\u00eb, me shpres\u00eb do t\u00eb ishim m\u00eb pak t\u00eb preokupuar me to dhe do t\u00eb ndiheshim gjithashtu m\u00eb t\u00eb lidhur me pjes\u00ebn tjet\u00ebr t\u00eb bot\u00ebs.<\/p>\n

Ndonj\u00ebher\u00eb, njer\u00ebzit mendojn\u00eb se po t\u00eb hiqnim dor\u00eb nga besimi n\u00eb \u201cvullnetin e lir\u00eb\u201d, do t\u00eb b\u00ebheshim t\u00ebr\u00ebsisht apatik\u00eb dhe do t\u00eb mblidheshim kutulla\u00e7 n\u00eb ndonj\u00eb k\u00ebnd dhe do t\u00eb vdisnim urie. N\u00eb fakt, braktisja e k\u00ebtij iluzioni mund t\u00eb ket\u00eb dy efekt\u00eb t\u00eb kund\u00ebrta: s\u00eb pari, mund t\u00eb krijoj\u00eb lidhje shum\u00eb m\u00eb t\u00eb fort\u00eb me pjes\u00ebn tjet\u00ebr t\u00eb bot\u00ebs, dhe t\u2019iu b\u00ebj\u00eb m\u00eb t\u00eb v\u00ebmendsh\u00ebm ndaj ambientit tuaj dhe ndaj nevojave e d\u00ebshirave t\u00eb t\u00eb tjer\u00ebve. \u00cbsht\u00eb sikur t\u00eb bashk\u00ebbisedoni me dik\u00eb. N\u00ebse p\u00ebrqendroheni n\u00eb at\u00eb \u00e7far\u00eb doni t\u00eb thoni, v\u00ebshtir\u00eb se d\u00ebgjoni gj\u00eb. Vet\u00ebm sa prisni mund\u00ebsin\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u2019i dh\u00ebn\u00eb tjetrit nj\u00eb cop\u00eb t\u00eb mendjes tuaj. Por kur l\u00ebni anash mendimet, papritmas d\u00ebgjoni t\u00eb tjer\u00ebt.<\/p>\n

S\u00eb dyti, braktisja e mitit t\u00eb vullnetit t\u00eb lir\u00eb mund t\u00eb zgjoj\u00eb kureshtje t\u00eb thell\u00eb. N\u00ebse identifikoheni fuqish\u00ebm me mendimet dhe d\u00ebshirat q\u00eb iu shfaqen n\u00eb mendje, nuk ka nevoj\u00eb t\u00eb b\u00ebni p\u00ebrpjekje t\u00eb m\u00ebdha q\u00eb ta njihni vetveten. Mendoni se tashm\u00eb e dini sakt\u00ebsisht se kush jeni. Por sapo t\u00eb keni kuptuar \u201cTung, ky s\u2019jam un\u00eb. Ky \u00ebsht\u00eb sall nj\u00eb fenomen biokimik i ndryshuesh\u00ebm!\u201d at\u00ebher\u00eb do t\u00eb kuptoni gjithashtu se nuk ia keni iden\u00eb se kush \u2013 apo \u00e7far\u00eb \u2013 jeni n\u00eb t\u00eb v\u00ebrtet\u00eb. Ky mund t\u00eb jet\u00eb fillimi i udh\u00ebtimit m\u00eb interesant t\u00eb zbulimit q\u00eb mund ta filloj\u00eb nj\u00eb njeri.<\/p>\n

Nuk ka asgj\u00eb t\u00eb re me t\u00eb dyshuarit e vulletit t\u00eb lir\u00eb apo t\u00eb eksploruarit e natyr\u00ebs s\u00eb v\u00ebrtet\u00eb t\u00eb njer\u00ebzimit. Ne njer\u00ebzit kemi pasur k\u00ebt\u00eb diskutim me mij\u00ebra her\u00eb. Por kurr\u00eb m\u00eb par\u00eb nuk e kemi pasur teknologjin\u00eb. Dhe teknologjia ndryshon gjith\u00e7ka. Problemet e lashta t\u00eb filozofis\u00eb po b\u00ebhen probleme praktike t\u00eb inxhinieris\u00eb dhe politik\u00ebs. E p\u00ebrderisa filozof\u00ebt jan\u00eb njer\u00ebz me shum\u00eb durim \u2013 mund t\u00eb diskutojn\u00eb p\u00ebr di\u00e7ka pa p\u00ebrfundim p\u00ebr 3000 vjet\u00eb \u2013 inxhinier\u00ebt jan\u00eb shum\u00eb m\u00eb t\u00eb paduruesh\u00ebm. Politikan\u00ebt kan\u00eb m\u00eb s\u00eb paku durim nga t\u00eb gjith\u00eb.<\/p>\n

Si funksionon demokracia liberale n\u00eb nj\u00eb koh\u00eb kur qeverit\u00eb dhe korporata mund t\u00eb hakojn\u00eb njer\u00ebzit? \u00c7far\u00eb mbetet prej besimeve se \u201cvotuesi di m\u00eb s\u00eb miri\u201d dhe \u201ckonsumatori ka gjithnj\u00eb t\u00eb drejt\u00eb\u201d? Si jeton kur kupton se je kafsh\u00eb e hakueshme, se zemra jote mund t\u00eb jet\u00eb agjent i qeveris\u00eb, se lobi i trurit mund t\u00eb jet\u00eb duke punuar p\u00ebr Putin-in dhe se mendimi vijues q\u00eb t\u00eb shfaqet n\u00eb mendje mund t\u00eb jet\u00eb rezultat i ndonj\u00eb algoritmi q\u00eb iu njeh m\u00eb mir\u00eb se sa q\u00eb e njihni vetveten? K\u00ebto jan\u00eb pyetjet m\u00eb interesante me t\u00eb cilat p\u00ebrballet sot njer\u00ebzimi.<\/p>\n

P\u00ebr fat t\u00eb keq, k\u00ebto nuk jan\u00eb pyetjet q\u00eb b\u00ebjn\u00eb shumica e njer\u00ebzve. N\u00eb vend se t\u00eb eksplorojn\u00eb \u00e7far\u00eb i pret p\u00ebrtej iluzionit t\u00eb \u201cvullnetit t\u00eb lir\u00eb\u201d, njer\u00ebzit n\u00eb t\u00eb gjith\u00eb bot\u00ebn tash po t\u00ebrhiqen p\u00ebr t\u00eb gjetur strehim n\u00eb iluzione edhe m\u00eb t\u00eb vjetra. N\u00eb vend se t\u00eb t\u00eb ballafaqohen me sfidat e Inteligjenc\u00ebs Artificiale dhe bioinxhinieris\u00eb, shum\u00eb njer\u00ebz po i kthehen fantazive fetare e nacionaliste, q\u00eb jan\u00eb edhe m\u00eb pak n\u00eb rrjedha se liberalizmi me realitetet shkencore t\u00eb koh\u00ebs son\u00eb. N\u00eb vend t\u00eb modeleve t\u00eb fresk\u00ebta politike, ato \u00e7far\u00eb ofrohen jan\u00eb mbetjet e ripaketuara nga shekulli 20, e madje edhe nga mesjeta.<\/p>\n

Kur provoni t\u00eb merreni me k\u00ebto fantazi nostalgjike, e gjeni veten duke debatuar gj\u00ebra t\u00eb tilla si v\u00ebrtet\u00ebsia e Bibl\u00ebs dhe shenjt\u00ebria e kombit (posa\u00e7\u00ebrisht n\u00ebse ngjan t\u00eb jetoni, si un\u00eb, n\u00eb nj\u00eb vend si Izraeli). Si akademik, ky \u00ebsht\u00eb zhg\u00ebnjim. T\u00eb debatosh rreth Bibl\u00ebs ishte tem\u00eb e nxeht\u00eb n\u00eb koh\u00ebn e Voltair-it, t\u00eb debatosh meritat e nacionalizmit ishte filozofi e mpreht\u00eb para nj\u00eb shekulli \u2013 por m\u00eb 2018, duket si shpenzim i tmerrsh\u00ebm i koh\u00ebs. Inteligjenca Artificiale dhe bioinxhinieria jan\u00eb duke e ndryshuar vet rrjedh\u00ebn e evolucionit dhe ne kemi ve\u00e7 disa dekada p\u00ebr t\u2019ia dal\u00eb n\u00eb krye se \u00e7far\u00eb t\u00eb b\u00ebjm\u00eb me to. Nuk e di prej nga do t\u00eb vijn\u00eb p\u00ebrgjigjet, por gjithsesi se jo prej nj\u00eb p\u00ebrmbledhje tregimesh t\u00eb shkruajtura para dymij\u00eb vjet\u00ebsh.<\/p>\n

At\u00ebher\u00eb, \u00e7far\u00eb t\u00eb b\u00ebjm\u00eb? Duhet t\u00eb luftojm\u00eb n\u00eb dy fronte nj\u00ebkoh\u00ebsisht. Duhet t\u00eb mbrojm\u00eb demokracin\u00eb liberale, jo vet\u00ebm sepse \u00ebsht\u00eb d\u00ebshmuar si form\u00eb m\u00eb e mbar\u00eb e qeverisjes se t\u00eb gjitha alternativat tjera, por githashtu sepse v\u00eb m\u00eb s\u00eb paku kufizime n\u00eb t\u00eb debatuarit p\u00ebr t\u00eb ardhmen e njer\u00ebzimit. N\u00eb t\u00eb njejt\u00ebn koh\u00eb, duhet t\u00eb v\u00ebm\u00eb n\u00eb pik\u00ebpyetje supozimet tradicionale t\u00eb liberalizmit dhe t\u00eb zhvillojm\u00eb nj\u00eb projekt t\u00eb ri politik, i cili \u00ebsht\u00eb m\u00eb n\u00eb rrjedha me realitetet shkencore dhe fuqit\u00eb teknologjike t\u00eb shekullit 21.<\/p>\n

Mitologjia greke tregon se Zeusi dhe Posejdoni, dy prej per\u00ebndive m\u00eb t\u00eb m\u00ebdhenj, b\u00ebn\u00eb gara p\u00ebr t\u00eb k\u00ebrkuar dor\u00ebn e per\u00ebndesh\u00ebs Thetis. Por kur d\u00ebgjuan profecin\u00eb se Thetis-i do t\u00eb lindte nj\u00eb f\u00ebmij\u00eb m\u00eb t\u00eb fuqish\u00ebm se i ati, t\u00eb dy u t\u00ebrhoq\u00ebn t\u00eb alarmuar. Duke qen\u00eb se per\u00ebndit\u00eb planifikojn\u00eb t\u00eb rrin\u00eb k\u00ebndejpari p\u00ebrgjithmon\u00eb, ata nuk duan q\u00eb t\u00eb ken\u00eb pasardh\u00ebs m\u00eb t\u00eb fuqish\u00ebm q\u00eb t\u00eb garojn\u00eb me ta. K\u00ebshtu q\u00eb Thetis-i u martua me nj\u00eb vdekatar, Mbretin Peleus, dhe lindi Akilin. Vdekatar\u00ebt duan q\u00eb t\u00eb eklipsohen nga f\u00ebmij\u00ebt e tyre. Ky mit mund t\u00eb na m\u00ebsoj\u00eb di\u00e7ka t\u00eb r\u00ebnd\u00ebsishme. Autokrat\u00ebt q\u00eb planifikojn\u00eb t\u00eb sundojn\u00eb n\u00eb p\u00ebrjet\u00ebsi, nuk duan q\u00eb t\u00eb inkurajojn\u00eb lindjen e ideve q\u00eb mund t\u2019i heqin nga posti. Por demokracit\u00eb liberale frym\u00ebzojn\u00eb krijimin e vizioneve t\u00eb reja, edhe me koston e v\u00ebnies n\u00eb pik\u00ebpyetje t\u00eb vet\u00eb themeleve t\u00eb saj.<\/p>\n

******<\/p>\n

Yuval Noah Harari \u00ebsht\u00eb historian izraelit nga Universiteti Hebre n\u00eb Jerusalem. Ai \u00ebsht\u00eb autor i disa bestseller\u00ebve nd\u00ebrkomb\u00ebtar\u00eb. Libri i tij i fundit \u00ebsht\u00eb\u00a0 21 M\u00ebsime p\u00ebr Shekullin 21.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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Artikulli origjinal n\u00eb\u00a0The Guardian Qeverit\u00eb dhe korporatat s\u00eb shpejti do t\u2019iu njohin m\u00eb mir\u00eb se sa e njihni veten. Besimi n\u00eb iden\u00eb e \u2018vullnetit t\u00eb lir\u00eb\u2019 \u00ebsht\u00eb b\u00ebr\u00eb i rreziksh\u00ebm A duhet q\u00eb akademik\u00ebt t\u2019i sh\u00ebrbejn\u00eb t\u00eb v\u00ebrtet\u00ebs, edhe me koston e harmonis\u00eb shoq\u00ebrore? A duhet t\u00eb demaskosh nj\u00eb trillim edhe kur ai trillium mban […]<\/p>","protected":false},"author":82,"featured_media":11756,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[13],"tags":[2227,1635],"ppma_author":[93],"class_list":["post-4312","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-analize","tag-liberalizmi","tag-liria"],"authors":[{"term_id":93,"user_id":82,"is_guest":0,"slug":"yuvalnoah-harari","display_name":"Yuval Noah Harari","avatar_url":{"url":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/download-12.jpg","url2x":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/download-12.jpg"},"user_url":"","last_name":"Harari","first_name":"Yuval Noah","description":"Yuval Noah Harari \u00ebsht\u00eb historian izraelit nga Universiteti Hebre n\u00eb Jerusalem. Ai \u00ebsht\u00eb autor i disa bestseller\u00ebve nd\u00ebrkomb\u00ebtar\u00eb. Libri i tij i fundit \u00ebsht\u00eb 21 M\u00ebsime p\u00ebr Shekullin 21."}],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4312","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/82"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=4312"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4312\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":11754,"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4312\/revisions\/11754"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/11756"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=4312"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=4312"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=4312"},{"taxonomy":"author","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/ppma_author?post=4312"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}