{"id":4751,"date":"2021-03-16T12:32:48","date_gmt":"2021-03-16T10:32:48","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/?p=4751"},"modified":"2025-01-17T12:35:35","modified_gmt":"2025-01-17T10:35:35","slug":"konstruktimi-i-europianeve-te-rinj-permes-politikes-kurrikulare-ne-kosove","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/en\/analize\/konstruktimi-i-europianeve-te-rinj-permes-politikes-kurrikulare-ne-kosove\/","title":{"rendered":"Konstruktimi i \u2018europian\u00ebve t\u00eb rinj\u2019 p\u00ebrmes politik\u00ebs kurrikulare n\u00eb Kosov\u00eb"},"content":{"rendered":"
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Dy reforma t\u00eb m\u00ebdha kurrikulare kan\u00eb ndodhur n\u00eb Kosov\u00eb gjat\u00eb 20 viteve t\u00eb fundit \u2013 e para n\u00eb 2001 dhe e dyta n\u00eb 2011, nd\u00ebrsa Kosova n\u00eb t\u00eb nj\u00ebjt\u00ebn koh\u00eb kaloi n\u00ebp\u00ebr ndryshime tjera t\u00eb m\u00ebdha politike, ekonomike, sociale e kulturore prej t\u00eb cilave m\u00eb e r\u00ebnd\u00ebsishmja ishte shpallja e pavar\u00ebsis\u00eb n\u00eb 2008. N\u00eb reform\u00ebn e fundit t\u00eb vitit 2011 (e rishikuar me 2016), qasja kurrikulare ka ndryshuar prej asaj t\u00eb bazuar n\u00eb p\u00ebrmbajtje n\u00eb at\u00eb t\u00eb bazuar n\u00eb kompetenca, nj\u00eb politik\u00eb arsimore e rekomanduar p\u00ebr shtetet an\u00ebtare t\u00eb Bashkimit Europian nga Komisioni Europian me 2006 t\u00eb cil\u00ebn edhe Kosova e p\u00ebrqafoj\u00eb, n\u00eb mes tjerash, p\u00ebr t\u00eb d\u00ebshmuar orientimin euro-atlantik t\u00eb Kosov\u00ebs s\u00eb pavarur dhe p\u00ebr t\u00eb brenduar kosovar\u00ebt si \u2018europian\u00eb t\u00eb rinj\u2019. Por cilat jan\u00eb kompetencat q\u00eb synohen t\u00eb arrihen p\u00ebrmes kurrikul\u00ebs n\u00eb zbatim t\u00eb sistemit arsimor paranuniversitar n\u00eb p\u00ebrgjith\u00ebsi dhe cilat koncepte jan\u00eb dominuese sa i p\u00ebrket p\u00ebrkufizimeve t\u00eb kompetencave p\u00ebr qytetari demokratike?<\/p>\n

Nj\u00eb lexim i shpejt\u00eb i programeve t\u00eb partive kryesore politike q\u00eb garuan n\u00eb zgjedhjet e fundit t\u00eb 14 shkurtit n\u00eb Kosov\u00eb pjes\u00ebt q\u00eb adresonin fush\u00ebn e arsimit, shp\u00ebrfaqnin m\u00eb shum\u00eb nj\u00eb list\u00eb d\u00ebshirash p\u00ebr veprime t\u00eb caktuara, shpesh kund\u00ebrth\u00ebn\u00ebse, sesa programe t\u00eb mir\u00ebmenduara p\u00ebr zhvillimin e arsimit. Vizioni p\u00ebr zhvillimin e arsimit n\u00eb shumic\u00ebn e shteteve e poashtu edhe n\u00eb Kosov\u00eb paraqitet n\u00eb korniz\u00ebn kurrikulare p\u00ebr arsimin parauniversitar, nj\u00eb dokument q\u00eb konsiderohet shpesh si \u2018kushtetut\u00eb\u2019 p\u00ebr arsimin pasi v\u00eb shtyllat kryesore t\u00eb vizionit, q\u00ebllimeve dhe struktur\u00ebn e arsimit t\u00eb nj\u00eb shteti. Edhe pse nj\u00eb dokument n\u00eb parim arsimor, kornizat kurrikulare n\u00eb fakt jan\u00eb deklarata politike se \u00e7far\u00eb qytetar\u00ebsh synohen t\u00eb zhvillohen e konstruktohen brenda kontekstit ku kornizat e tilla zbatohen.<\/p>\n

Korniza e fundit kurrikulare e bazuar n\u00eb qasjen e kompetencave, n\u00eb mes tjerash, p\u00ebrcakton gjasht\u00eb kompetenca kryesore q\u00eb nx\u00ebn\u00ebsit n\u00eb sistemin e arsimit parauniversitar duhet t\u2019i arrijn\u00eb:<\/p>\n

1. Kompetenca e komunikimit dhe e t\u00eb shprehurit \u2013 me rezultatin p\u00ebrfundimtar\u00a0Komunikues efektiv<\/em><\/strong>.<\/p>\n

2. Kompetenca e t\u00eb menduarit \u2013 me rezultatin p\u00ebrfundimtar\u00a0Mendimtar<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

kreativ dhe kritik<\/em><\/strong>.<\/p>\n

3. Kompetenca e t\u00eb m\u00ebsuarit \u2013 me rezultatin p\u00ebrfundimtar\u00a0Nx\u00ebn\u00ebs i<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

suksessh\u00ebm<\/em><\/strong>.<\/p>\n

4. Kompetenca p\u00ebr jet\u00eb, p\u00ebr pun\u00eb dhe p\u00ebr mjedis \u2013 me rezultatin p\u00ebrfundimtar\u00a0Kontribues produktiv<\/em><\/strong>.<\/p>\n

5. Kompetenca personale \u2013 me rezultatin p\u00ebrfundimtar\u00a0Individ i sh\u00ebndosh\u00eb<\/em><\/strong>, dhe<\/p>\n

6. Kompetenca qytetare \u2013 me rezultatin p\u00ebrfundimtar\u00a0Qytetar i p\u00ebrgjegjsh\u00ebm<\/em><\/strong>.<\/p>\n

P\u00ebrcaktimi i kompetencave kryesore \u00ebsht\u00eb bazuar n\u00eb transferin e kompetencave t\u00eb rekomanduara p\u00ebr shtetet an\u00ebtare t\u00eb BE-s\u00eb nga Komisioni Europian dhe ka ndjekur procesin e\u00a0huazimit t\u00eb z\u00ebsh\u00ebm<\/em><\/strong>\u00a0n\u00eb politik\u00ebb\u00ebrje q\u00eb n\u00ebnkupton nj\u00eb proces n\u00eb t\u00eb cilin autoritetet nacionale q\u00ebllimisht ndjekin dhe mir\u00ebpresin politika arsimore nga jasht\u00eb p\u00ebr q\u00ebllime edhe arsimore edhe politike. Ky proces \u00ebsht\u00eb unik n\u00eb Kosov\u00eb (n\u00eb kontekstin europian deri m\u00eb tani) pasi shumica e shteteve an\u00ebtare t\u00eb BE-s\u00eb ndjekin procesin e\u00a0huazimit t\u00eb heshtur<\/em><\/strong>\u00a0p\u00ebr t\u00eb fshehur burimin e jasht\u00ebm t\u00eb politikave t\u00eb tyre arsimore.<\/p>\n

N\u00eb kontekstin e Kosov\u00ebs q\u00ebllimi arsimor i ndjekur p\u00ebrmes qasjes kurrikulare t\u00eb bazuar n\u00eb kompetenca, synon q\u00eb nx\u00ebn\u00ebsit e Kosov\u00ebs t\u00eb jen\u00eb kompetent\u00eb dhe konkurrent\u00eb nj\u00ebjt\u00eb si nx\u00ebn\u00ebsit tjer\u00eb n\u00eb Europ\u00eb, nd\u00ebrsa q\u00ebllimi politik synon q\u00eb qytetar\u00ebt e rinj t\u00eb Kosov\u00ebs t\u00eb konstruktohen si \u2018europian\u00ebt e rinj\u2019. P\u00ebr t\u00eb treguar af\u00ebrsin\u00eb e Kosov\u00ebs me Europ\u00ebn per\u00ebndimore, qeveria e Kosov\u00ebs, pas shpalljes s\u00eb pavar\u00ebsis\u00eb me 2008, sponsoroi nisma nd\u00ebrkomb\u00ebtare marketingu q\u00eb i brendonte kosovar\u00ebt si \u2018europian\u00eb t\u00eb rinj\u2019 dhe Kosov\u00ebn si shtetin m\u00eb t\u00eb ri brenda kontekstit gjeografik europian. Nga kjo pik\u00ebpamje, reforma kurrikulare e bazuar n\u00eb kompetenca duke p\u00ebrshtatur kompetencat e rekomanduara nga Komisioni Europian shp\u00ebrfaq aspiratat e politik\u00ebb\u00ebr\u00ebsve p\u00ebr t\u00eb demonstruar para bashk\u00ebsis\u00eb nd\u00ebrkomb\u00ebtare synimin e kosovar\u00ebve q\u00eb t\u00eb jen\u00eb pjes\u00eb e kombeve t\u00eb zhvilluara europiane.<\/p>\n

P\u00ebrtej aspiratave t\u00eb p\u00ebrcaktuara n\u00eb korniz\u00ebn kurrikulare, rezultatet e nx\u00ebn\u00ebsve t\u00eb Kosov\u00ebs n\u00eb testin PISA n\u00eb vitet 2015 dhe 2018 kan\u00eb d\u00ebshmuar se nx\u00ebn\u00ebsit e Kosov\u00ebs jan\u00eb t\u00eb fundit n\u00eb Europ\u00eb sa i p\u00ebrket arritshm\u00ebris\u00eb n\u00eb lexim, shkenc\u00eb dhe matematik\u00eb, por kjo nuk do t\u00eb thot\u00eb q\u00eb synimet e vendosura n\u00eb korniz\u00eb duhen braktisur pasi k\u00ebrkohet m\u00eb shum\u00eb koh\u00eb dhe shum\u00eb m\u00eb shum\u00eb angazhim institucional dhe shoq\u00ebror p\u00ebr t\u00eb sh\u00ebnuar progres n\u00eb zbatimin e t\u00ebr\u00ebsish\u00ebm t\u00eb kurrikul\u00ebs s\u00eb bazuar n\u00eb kompetenca. Gjat\u00eb periudh\u00ebs s\u00eb pasluft\u00ebs, zhvillimi i arsimit n\u00eb Kosov\u00eb n\u00eb mas\u00eb t\u00eb madhe \u00ebsht\u00eb bazuar n\u00eb projekte t\u00eb mir\u00ebseardhura t\u00eb partner\u00ebve e donator\u00ebve nd\u00ebrkomb\u00ebtar\u00eb, t\u00eb cilat n\u00eb let\u00ebr ting\u00ebllojn\u00eb si investime t\u00eb m\u00ebdha, mir\u00ebpo si\u00e7 u tregua p\u00ebrmes rezultateve t\u00eb PISA-s, zbatimi i tyre nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb p\u00ebrkthyer n\u00eb rezultate t\u00eb mira t\u00eb nx\u00ebn\u00ebsve.<\/p>\n

Sa i p\u00ebrket kompetencave qytetare n\u00eb ve\u00e7anti, literatura akademike p\u00ebrcakton tri koncepte kryesore teorike p\u00ebr qytetari demokratike: qytetari individualist\/i p\u00ebrgjegjsh\u00ebm p\u00ebr veten, qytetari social\/pjes\u00ebmarr\u00ebs, dhe qytetari politik\/i orientuar n\u00eb drejt\u00ebsi. T\u00eb tre konceptet synojn\u00eb zhvillimin e subjektivitit demokratik t\u00eb nx\u00ebn\u00ebsve p\u00ebrmes sistemit arsimor. Sipas p\u00ebrkufizimit,\u00a0qytetari i p\u00ebrgjegjsh\u00ebm p\u00ebr veten<\/strong>\u00a0\u00ebsht\u00eb personi q\u00eb mund t\u00eb mendoj\u00eb p\u00ebr veten dhe t\u00eb nxjerr\u00eb gjykime racionale individuale pa u udh\u00ebhequr nga t\u00eb tjer\u00ebt.\u00a0Qytetari social\/pjes\u00ebmarr\u00ebs<\/strong>\u00a0\u00ebsht\u00eb personi q\u00eb p\u00ebrfshihet n\u00eb nd\u00ebrveprime shoq\u00ebrore dhe aktivisht merr pjes\u00eb n\u00eb kontekstin shoq\u00ebror p\u00ebr t\u00eb realizuar projekte kolektive. Nd\u00ebrsa,\u00a0qytetari politik\/i orientuar n\u00eb drejt\u00ebsi<\/strong>\u00a0\u00ebsht\u00eb personi q\u00eb n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb kritike vler\u00ebson strukturat sociale, politike dhe ekonomike dhe adreson fushat ku v\u00ebrehen padrejt\u00ebsi p\u00ebr t\u00eb sjellur ndryshime sistemore. N\u00eb p\u00ebrkufizimin e kompetencave qytetare edhe n\u00eb nivelin e BE-s\u00eb edhe n\u00eb dokumentet kurrikulare n\u00eb Kosov\u00eb dominojn\u00eb dy konceptet e para t\u00eb qytetarit si i pergjegjsh\u00ebm p\u00ebr veten dhe si pjes\u00ebmarr\u00ebs n\u00eb jet\u00ebn shoq\u00ebrore dhe politike, nd\u00ebrsa m\u00eb pak theksohet koncepti i qytetarit si person politik i orientuar n\u00eb drejt\u00ebsi.<\/p>\n

N\u00ebse mund t\u00eb ket\u00eb nj\u00eb shpjegim arsimor p\u00ebr rezultatet e zgjedhjeve t\u00eb fundit n\u00eb Kosov\u00eb, v\u00ebrehet q\u00eb L\u00ebvizja Vet\u00ebvendosje (LVV) ka qen\u00eb efektive n\u00eb pun\u00ebn e saj t\u00eb drejtp\u00ebrdrejt\u00eb n\u00eb terren q\u00eb t\u00eb zhvilloj\u00eb konceptin politik t\u00eb qytetaris\u00eb p\u00ebrmes p\u00ebrkufizimit t\u00eb problemit kryesor n\u00eb Kosov\u00eb si \u2018kapje e shtetit\u2019 dhe zgjidhjen adekuate si \u2018\u00e7kapje e shtetit\u2019 dhe p\u00ebrmes rekrutimit t\u00eb votuesve q\u00eb t\u00eb v\u00ebn\u00eb drejt\u00ebsi p\u00ebr k\u00ebt\u00eb problem p\u00ebrmes vot\u00ebs. P\u00ebrderisa kund\u00ebrshtar\u00ebt politik\u00eb i cil\u00ebsojn\u00eb metodat e veprimit t\u00eb LVV-s\u00eb si manipulative, ata mund t\u00eb nxjerrnin disa m\u00ebsime nga zgjedhjet e fundit. S\u00eb pari, t\u00eb pranojn\u00eb se p\u00ebrmes mosangazhimit adekuat institucional n\u00eb zhvillimin e arsimit n\u00eb Kosov\u00eb dhe sidomos n\u00eb mosefektivitetin e arritjes s\u00eb kompetencave p\u00ebr mendimin kritik p\u00ebrbrenda sistemit arsimor, \u00ebsht\u00eb l\u00ebn\u00eb hap\u00ebsir\u00eb e madhe, sidomos tek gjeneratat e reja, p\u00ebr akter\u00ebt e jasht\u00ebm qoft\u00eb politik\u00eb apo t\u00eb tjer\u00eb, q\u00eb ta ken\u00eb m\u00eb t\u00eb leht\u00eb ushtrimin e ndikimit t\u00eb tyre. Dhe s\u00eb dyti, derisa nuk e kopjojn\u00eb LVV-n\u00eb n\u00eb metod\u00ebn e veprimit p\u00ebr t\u00eb zhvilluar qytetarin si individ politik i orientuar n\u00eb drejt\u00ebsi drejtp\u00ebrdrejt n\u00eb terren nuk do t\u00eb mund t\u00eb jen\u00eb konkurrent p\u00ebr rezultate m\u00eb t\u00eb mira zgjedhore n\u00eb t\u00eb ardhmen. Nd\u00ebrsa LVV-s\u00eb i mbetet ta d\u00ebshmoj\u00eb p\u00ebrkushtimin p\u00ebr zhvillimin e vendit duke v\u00ebn\u00eb arsimin si nj\u00ebrin nga prioritetet kryesore n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb q\u00eb n\u00eb Kosov\u00eb t\u00eb avancohet demokracia, dhe t\u00eb ket\u00eb p\u00ebrmir\u00ebsime p\u00ebr nj\u00eb pjes\u00eb m\u00eb t\u00eb madhe t\u00eb shoq\u00ebris\u00eb e jo vet\u00ebm p\u00ebr nj\u00eb pakic\u00eb politike udh\u00ebheq\u00ebse.<\/p>\n

Si p\u00ebrfundim dhe pavar\u00ebsisht prej aktor\u00ebve politik\u00eb aktiv\u00eb n\u00eb nj\u00eb konktekst nacional, analiza e kompetencave qytetare n\u00eb dokumentet kurrikulare n\u00eb BE dhe n\u00eb Kosov\u00eb tregon se sistemet arsimore ende kan\u00eb shum\u00eb pun\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u00eb b\u00ebr\u00eb q\u00eb nx\u00ebn\u00ebsit t\u00eb zhvillojn\u00eb kompetencat e nevojshme qytetare p\u00ebr t\u00eb nd\u00ebrtuar shoq\u00ebri demokratike p\u00ebrmes konstruktimit t\u00eb vazhduesh\u00ebm t\u00eb \u2018europian\u00ebve t\u00eb rinj\u2019 si synim i p\u00ebrbashk\u00ebt i qytet\u00ebrimit per\u00ebndimor.<\/p>\n

(Sh\u00ebnim<\/em>: Ky shkrim bazohet pjes\u00ebrisht n\u00eb nj\u00eb publikim t\u00eb fundit t\u00eb autorit n\u00eb nj\u00eb revist\u00eb nd\u00ebrkomb\u00ebtare: Armend Tahirsylaj (2021). \u201cWhat kind of citizens? Constructing \u2018Young Europeans\u2019 through loud borrowing in curriculum policy-making in Kosovo,\u201d\u00a0Comparative Education, 57\u00a0<\/em>(1), 115-129, DOI: 10.1080\/03050068.2020.1845066. Artikulli i plot\u00eb gjendet n\u00eb:\u00a0d<\/a>oi.org<\/a>)<\/p>\n

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Dy reforma t\u00eb m\u00ebdha kurrikulare kan\u00eb ndodhur n\u00eb Kosov\u00eb gjat\u00eb 20 viteve t\u00eb fundit \u2013 e para n\u00eb 2001 dhe e dyta n\u00eb 2011, nd\u00ebrsa Kosova n\u00eb t\u00eb nj\u00ebjt\u00ebn koh\u00eb kaloi n\u00ebp\u00ebr ndryshime tjera t\u00eb m\u00ebdha politike, ekonomike, sociale e kulturore prej t\u00eb cilave m\u00eb e r\u00ebnd\u00ebsishmja ishte shpallja e pavar\u00ebsis\u00eb n\u00eb 2008. N\u00eb reform\u00ebn […]<\/p>","protected":false},"author":539,"featured_media":12252,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[13],"tags":[2408,972,2409,868],"ppma_author":[1992],"class_list":["post-4751","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-analize","tag-europianet-e-rinj","tag-kosove","tag-kurrikulat","tag-politika"],"authors":[{"term_id":1992,"user_id":539,"is_guest":0,"slug":"armend-tahirsylaj","display_name":"Armend Tahirsylaj","avatar_url":{"url":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/armend.png","url2x":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/armend.png"},"user_url":"","last_name":"Tahirsylaj","first_name":"Armend","description":"Dr. Armend Tahirsylaj \u00ebsht\u00eb profesor i asociuar i arsimit. Ai mori grad\u00ebn e doktoratur\u00ebs n\u00eb Teori dhe Politika Arsimore nga Universiteti Shtet\u00ebror i Pensilvanis\u00eb n\u00eb 2015. Interesat e tij k\u00ebrkimore p\u00ebrfshijn\u00eb teorin\u00eb dhe politikat arsimore, arsimin krahasues nd\u00ebrkomb\u00ebtar, politikat komb\u00ebtare t\u00eb arsimit K-12 dhe rolin e Bildung p\u00ebr zhvillimin njer\u00ebzor p\u00ebrmes arsimit. Armend ka nj\u00eb p\u00ebrvoj\u00eb t\u00eb ndryshme arsimore dhe pune nga Kosova, Kanadaja, Austria, Shtetet e Bashkuara, Suedia dhe Norvegjia. Ai pret t\u00eb m\u00ebsoj\u00eb me njer\u00ebz kreativ\u00eb dhe kureshtar\u00eb nga e gjith\u00eb bota, t\u00eb cil\u00ebt do t\u00eb jen\u00eb pjes\u00eb e komunitetit global t\u00eb CIT."}],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4751","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/539"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=4751"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4751\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":12253,"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4751\/revisions\/12253"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/12252"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=4751"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=4751"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=4751"},{"taxonomy":"author","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/ppma_author?post=4751"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}