{"id":5286,"date":"2020-04-21T15:24:57","date_gmt":"2020-04-21T13:24:57","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/?p=5286"},"modified":"2024-11-04T15:26:45","modified_gmt":"2024-11-04T13:26:45","slug":"shkenca-shpetimi-yne","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/en\/analize\/shkenca-shpetimi-yne\/","title":{"rendered":"Shkenca, shp\u00ebtimi yn\u00eb!"},"content":{"rendered":"
<\/div>\n
\n
<\/div>\n
\n

Prej se ka filluar izolimi, besoj e keni v\u00ebrejtur, shumica e muzeve t\u00eb famshme bot\u00ebrore kan\u00eb filluar hapjen e koleksioneve t\u00eb tyre p\u00ebr audienc\u00eb virtuale dhe globale. Nj\u00ebri prej tyre ishte edhe muzeu Prado i Madridit. Vendit me mbi 6,500 viktima t\u00eb COVID-19.<\/p>\n

Prado, p\u00ebrve\u00e7 tjerash n\u00eb koleksionin e tij ka kryevepr\u00ebn e piktorit t\u00eb njohur flaman Pieter Bruegel i Vjetri\u201c Triumfi i vdekjes\u201d ( 1562). Pamja nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb aspak t\u00ebrheq\u00ebse. Megjithat\u00eb ia vlen t\u00eb soditet, ndoshta, p\u00ebr t\u00eb par\u00eb sesi dukej jeta dhe vdekja, jo shum\u00eb koh\u00eb m\u00eb par\u00eb. N\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb piktur\u00eb t\u00eb err\u00ebt dhe nekrofile shihet nj\u00eb peizazh i shkat\u00ebrruar dhe i djegur, pem\u00eb pa gjethe dhe nj\u00eb liqen ku kalben peshqit. Sht\u00ebpi t\u00eb djegura me themel dhe anije duke u fundosur. Mjete p\u00ebr varje dhe p\u00ebr torturim, nj\u00eb kal\u00eb i rraskapitur duke t\u00ebrhequr karroc\u00ebn p\u00ebrplot me kafka njer\u00ebzish, nj\u00eb qen i uritur duke ngr\u00ebn\u00eb fytyr\u00ebn e nj\u00eb bebe. Njer\u00ebz t\u00eb grumbulluar n\u00eb gropa nd\u00ebrsa skelete t\u00eb panum\u00ebrta p\u00ebrqafojn\u00eb vajza t\u00eb vdekura. Dhe fare n\u00eb fund shihet se nuk ka asnj\u00eb dallim mes fshatar\u00ebve, fisnik\u00ebve, t\u00eb pasurve, ushtar\u00ebve e prift\u00ebrinjve, t\u00eb gjith\u00eb nj\u00ebsoj po vdisnin ose tashm\u00eb kishin vdekur. Pandemonium apo pandemi, krejt nj\u00ebsoj.<\/p>\n

Bruegeli nuk njihet p\u00ebr piktor realist, po me gjas\u00eb i ka lejuar vetes lirin\u00eb artistike, sidomos, kur kemi parasysh se deri para disa shekujsh, Evropa Per\u00ebndimore paraqiste nj\u00eb lugin\u00eb biblike lot\u00ebsh, vuajtjesh e dhimbjesh. Zon\u00eb e cila njihet p\u00ebr luft\u00ebra t\u00eb vazhdueshme, varf\u00ebri, mjerim, uri, vrasje dhe persekutim. N\u00eb krahasim me Lindjen e Larg\u00ebt dhe t\u00eb Mesme t\u00eb shekullit 17, kjo qoshe per\u00ebndimore paraqiste zon\u00ebn m\u00eb t\u00eb prapambetur t\u00eb kontinentit euroaziatik.<\/p>\n

P\u00ebrve\u00e7 k\u00ebsaj n\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb pjes\u00eb viruset dhe mikrobet si : murtaja bubonike, tifoja, kolera, dizenteria, kolla, sifilizi, t\u00ebrbimi, tuberkulozi e zhuga, kan\u00eb ushtruar sovranitet t\u00eb plot\u00eb p\u00ebr periudha bukur t\u00eb gjata. Jet\u00ebgjat\u00ebsia mesatare n\u00eb Evrop\u00ebn Per\u00ebndimore ishte 37 vje\u00e7 dhe kjo kryesisht p\u00ebr arsye t\u00eb vdekshm\u00ebris\u00eb s\u00eb lart\u00eb t\u00eb f\u00ebmij\u00ebve, n\u00eb shekullin 16 nj\u00eb n\u00eb tre f\u00ebmij\u00eb vdisnin vitin e par\u00eb t\u00eb lindjes.<\/p>\n

Megjithat\u00eb, di\u00e7ka at\u00eb koh\u00eb ndryshoi. Kjo di\u00e7ka ishte \u2013 Shkenca. Ndodhi Revolucioni Shkencor. Af\u00ebrsisht n\u00eb mes t\u00eb vitit 1543 Koperniku zbuloi se Toka rrotullohet rreth Diellit, m\u00eb 1687 Njutoni botoi Parimet e Filozofis\u00eb Natyrore (n\u00eb karantin\u00eb!), zbuloi ligjin e gravitetit. K\u00ebshtu pra edhe n\u00eb ato koh\u00ebra t\u00eb trishtueshme dhe zymta, n\u00eb mes viteve 1543 dhe 1687 pati p\u00ebrparime t\u00eb m\u00ebdha t\u00eb dij\u00ebs dhe shpirtit njer\u00ebzor.<\/p>\n

M\u00eb 1546 Agrikola i klasifikoi mineralet dhe themeloi gjeologjin\u00eb, m\u00eb 1589 Galileo kreu eksperimentin e tij me r\u00ebnien e trupave, m\u00eb 1609 Kepleri zbuloi ligje lidhur me l\u00ebvizjen e planet\u00ebve, m\u00eb 1610 Galileo nd\u00ebrtoi teleskopin, m\u00eb 1628 Harvej zbuloi dhe p\u00ebrshkroi me sakt\u00ebsi qarkullimin e gjakut te njeriu, me \u00e7ka edhe na tregoi se njeriu duket si nj\u00eb makin\u00eb hidraulike, m\u00eb 1654 Paskali themeloi teorin\u00eb e probabilitetit e k\u00ebshtu me radh\u00eb deri m\u00eb 1676 kur Levenhuku zbuloi mikroskopin, mikroorganizmat e bashk\u00eb me ta edhe mikrobet e mallkuara. K\u00ebshtu p\u00ebr m\u00eb pak se 150 vite, bota ndryshoi.<\/p>\n

Evropa para vitit 1600 nuk ishte vet\u00ebm lugin\u00eb e lot\u00ebve, por edhe lugin\u00eb e injoranc\u00ebs. Deri n\u00eb ngritjen e shkenc\u00ebs, shekullin 16 e 17, njer\u00ebzit besonin se ishin shtrigat ato q\u00eb shkaktonin s\u00ebmundjet infektive e that\u00ebsirat nd\u00ebrkaq q\u00eb murtaja shkaktohej nga hebrenjt\u00eb. Madje besonin se magneti \u00ebsht\u00eb vep\u00ebr e djallit dhe se fantazmat e qeniet mbinatyrore jetonin n\u00eb pyje. Besonin se plumbi mund t\u00eb shnd\u00ebrrohet n\u00eb ar e njer\u00ebzit n\u00eb bretkosa. Se f\u00ebmij\u00ebt e porsalindur nuk ndjejn\u00eb dhimbje. Se kometa paralajm\u00ebron telashe nd\u00ebrkaq ylberi lumturi dhe prosperitet. Se mbret\u00ebrit jan\u00eb caktuar nga Zoti dhe se eshtrat sh\u00ebrohen me prekje. Pra, thjesht bota ishte e pakuptueshme, misterioze, e tmerrshme dhe e frikshme. Nd\u00ebrkaq sot, bota \u00ebsht\u00eb l\u00ebnd\u00eb shkollore p\u00ebr f\u00ebmij\u00ebt e klasave t\u00eb ul\u00ebta t\u00eb fillores.<\/p>\n

N\u00eb fakt kjo edhe \u00ebsht\u00eb Doktrina e Revolucionit Shkencor, e cila nuk paraqet vet\u00ebm serin\u00eb mbres\u00ebl\u00ebn\u00ebse t\u00eb zbulimeve teorike e praktike, por edhe nj\u00eb revolucion sado t\u00eb ngadalt\u00eb t\u00eb ndryshimit t\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00ebs s\u00eb t\u00eb menduarit tek njer\u00ebzit. Thelbi q\u00ebndron tek p\u00ebrdorimi pa kompromis i arsyes njer\u00ebzore dhe i konkluzioneve t\u00eb arsyeshme, t\u00eb bazuara n\u00eb prova dhe jo m\u00eb n\u00eb besim, tradit\u00eb dhe autoritet. Dor\u00ebn n\u00eb zem\u00ebr ne edhe sot besojm\u00eb n\u00eb disa gj\u00ebra profane, por deri n\u00eb Revolucionin Shkencor, kufiri midis t\u00eb natyr\u00ebs dhe mbinatyr\u00ebs, dijes dhe bes\u00ebtytnis\u00eb, mendimit shkencor dhe atij t\u00eb fantazis\u00eb ishte i paqart\u00eb. Pas zbulimeve t\u00eb shkenc\u00ebtar\u00ebve t\u00eb m\u00ebdhenj, bota u b\u00eb nj\u00eb gj\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u2019u kuptuar dhe shpjeguar e assesi p\u00ebr t\u2019u frik\u00ebsuar.<\/p>\n

Pra, n\u00eb jet\u00eb s\u2019ka asgj\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u2019u frik\u00ebsuar, thjesht gjith\u00e7ka duhet kuptuar. Bota \u00ebsht\u00eb e kuptueshme dhe leht\u00eb e m\u00ebsueshme. Ky leksion po sh\u00ebrben edhe p\u00ebr pandemin\u00eb e k\u00ebtyre dit\u00ebve dhe ankthet e saj p\u00ebrcjell\u00ebse. Shum\u00eb shkenc\u00ebtar\u00eb sot po guxojn\u00eb t\u00eb zbulojn\u00eb. Me mij\u00ebra e mij\u00ebra dit\u00eb e net po mundohen t\u00eb zbulojn\u00eb vaksin\u00ebn si dhe metodat efektive p\u00ebr trajtimin dhe\u00a0 parandalimin e p\u00ebrhapjes s\u00eb virusit.<\/p>\n

Zbuluan mjaft.<\/p>\n

P\u00ebr shembull, n\u00eb saj\u00eb t\u00eb tyre ne sot e dim\u00eb se SARS-CoV-2 \u00ebsht\u00eb lloj i ri nj\u00ebzinxhiror i koron\u00ebs, i cili kapet p\u00ebr qelizat njer\u00ebzore duke infektuar sip\u00ebrfaqen e tyre me glikoprotein\u00ebn q\u00eb p\u00ebrmban. Fillimisht, m\u00eb \u00a03 shkurt, shkenc\u00ebtar\u00ebt lokalizuan enzima n\u00eb sip\u00ebrfaqet e qelizave njer\u00ebzore p\u00ebrmes s\u00eb cilave virusi dep\u00ebrtonte n\u00eb to. S\u00eb dyti,\u00a0 m\u00eb 13 mars, ata zbuluan struktur\u00ebn atomike t\u00eb \u201cthepave\u201d me glikoprotein\u00eb t\u00eb cilat kapen p\u00ebr qelizat njer\u00ebzore dhe ngjisin virusin. S\u00eb treti, m\u00eb 17 mars ata zbuluan struktur\u00ebn e plot\u00eb gjenetike t\u00eb virusit. T\u00eb gjitha k\u00ebto jan\u00eb hapat kryesor\u00eb, t\u00eb cil\u00ebt \u00e7ojn\u00eb deri tek zbulimi i ila\u00e7it dhe i vaksin\u00ebs.<\/p>\n

Me gjith\u00eb respektin p\u00ebr metaforat, ato nganj\u00ebher\u00eb edhe mund t\u00eb mos jen\u00eb t\u00eb sakta. Ne aspak s\u2019kemi t\u00eb b\u00ebjm\u00eb me armiq t\u00eb paduksh\u00ebm. N\u00eb pyetje \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb mikrob i duksh\u00ebm, covid-19, t\u00eb cilin e kemi zbuluar dhe em\u00ebruar, dhe n\u00eb detaje po e prekim, prejm\u00eb dhe analizojm\u00eb: n\u00ebn mikroskop dhe aparatura e mjete t\u00eb ndryshme, t\u00eb cilat na i ka dhuruar Revolucioni Shkencor.<\/p>\n

Si pasoj\u00eb e k\u00ebtij Revolucioni n\u00eb shoq\u00ebri dhe kok\u00eb, rrufet\u00eb, stuhit\u00eb, eklipset diellore, that\u00ebsirat, minjt\u00eb, t\u00eb korrat e prishura, murtaja dhe s\u00ebmundjet e tjera infektive nuk jan\u00eb m\u00eb kapri\u00e7o xhelozie t\u00eb zotave, shtrigave dhe demon\u00ebve t\u00eb tjer\u00eb. Rrjedhimisht, as kjo pandemi nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb plag\u00eb e re mizore e d\u00ebrguar nga per\u00ebndia, telefonat, amerikan\u00ebt, kinez\u00ebt e shtriga t\u00eb ngjashme. \u00cbsht\u00eb n\u00eb pyetje nj\u00eb\u00a0 problem jasht\u00ebzakonisht i natyrsh\u00ebm i p\u00ebrcjell\u00eb nga kriz\u00eb e natyrshme shoq\u00ebrore p\u00ebr zgjidhjen e s\u00eb cilave nevojiten njohuri, arsye dhe shkenc\u00eb. N\u00eb t\u00eb kund\u00ebrt\u00ebn kthehemi tek epoka e \u201c Triumfit t\u00eb Vdekjes \u201c s\u00eb Bruegelit.<\/p>\n

Shkenca ishte dhe vazhdon t\u00eb jet\u00eb shtyt\u00ebsja kryesore e p\u00ebrparimit njer\u00ebzor.<\/p>\n

Ani pse shum\u00eb shpesh i marrim si t\u00eb mir\u00ebqena, Revolucioni Shkencor ka mund\u00ebsuar r\u00ebnien e vdekshm\u00ebris\u00eb s\u00eb foshnjave, zgjatjen e jet\u00ebgjat\u00ebsis\u00eb, zhdukjen e s\u00ebmundjeve t\u00eb ndryshme infektive, disponueshm\u00ebrin\u00eb e ushqimit, ujit dhe energjis\u00eb p\u00ebr gjith\u00eb planetin. Drit\u00ebn dhe ujin e ngroht\u00eb, kanalizimin e higjien\u00ebn, kultur\u00ebn dhe njohuri t\u00eb p\u00ebrgjithshme enciklopedike. E v\u00ebrtet\u00eb se pamjet e zymta dhe tragjike t\u00eb njer\u00ebzve t\u00eb vdekur n\u00eb dyshemet\u00eb e korridoreve t\u00eb spitaleve n\u00eb Bergamo, Madrid e New York kujtojn\u00eb \u201c Triumfin e Vdekjes\u201d s\u00eb Bruegelit, por sot njeriu modern ka n\u00eb duar mjetin ose arm\u00ebn p\u00ebr ta luftuar k\u00ebt\u00eb mikrob vdekjeprur\u00ebs.<\/p>\n

Ky mjet quhet \u2013 Shkenc\u00eb. Antidoti m\u00eb i mir\u00eb i frik\u00ebs. N\u00eb fund t\u00eb fundit, respirator\u00ebt, dezinfektimi, larja e duarve dhe distanca fizike bazohen n\u00eb njohurit\u00eb shkencore. Ne do t\u2019i mbijetojm\u00eb k\u00ebsaj pandemie vet\u00ebm duke p\u00ebrdorur arsyen p\u00ebr zgjidhjen e problemeve q\u00eb na shtypin. \u00cbsht\u00eb e pamundur t\u00eb \u00a0mos mbivler\u00ebsohet r\u00ebnd\u00ebsia e revolucionit t\u00eb v\u00ebrtet\u00eb t\u00eb civilizimit ton\u00eb dhe evolucionit t\u00eb mendjes njer\u00ebzore.<\/p>\n

Mjek\u00ebt dhe pun\u00ebtor\u00ebt e tjer\u00eb sh\u00ebndet\u00ebsor\u00eb, me sakrifica t\u00eb jasht\u00ebzakonshme, do t\u00eb shp\u00ebtojn\u00eb shum\u00eb jet\u00eb njer\u00ebzore. Por, \u00ebsht\u00eb shkenca ajo q\u00eb p\u00ebrs\u00ebri do ta shp\u00ebtoj\u00eb bot\u00ebn nga triumfi i vdekjes.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n
\n

\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Prej se ka filluar izolimi, besoj e keni v\u00ebrejtur, shumica e muzeve t\u00eb famshme bot\u00ebrore kan\u00eb filluar hapjen e koleksioneve t\u00eb tyre p\u00ebr audienc\u00eb virtuale dhe globale. Nj\u00ebri prej tyre ishte edhe muzeu Prado i Madridit. Vendit me mbi 6,500 viktima t\u00eb COVID-19. Prado, p\u00ebrve\u00e7 tjerash n\u00eb koleksionin e tij ka kryevepr\u00ebn e piktorit t\u00eb […]<\/p>","protected":false},"author":503,"featured_media":9493,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[13],"tags":[646,1624],"ppma_author":[1327],"class_list":["post-5286","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-analize","tag-covid-19","tag-shkenca"],"authors":[{"term_id":1327,"user_id":503,"is_guest":0,"slug":"ardita-dushi","display_name":"Ardita Dushi","avatar_url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/1d4b8e432bf1446028f09c22e055718369d0f60936b8129cd14ae40b8135c1ab?s=96&d=mm&r=g","user_url":"","last_name":"Dushi","first_name":"Ardita","description":""}],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5286","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/503"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=5286"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5286\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":9494,"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5286\/revisions\/9494"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/9493"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=5286"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=5286"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=5286"},{"taxonomy":"author","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/ppma_author?post=5286"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}