{"id":5402,"date":"2020-10-07T14:06:14","date_gmt":"2020-10-07T12:06:14","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/?p=5402"},"modified":"2024-10-08T11:36:37","modified_gmt":"2024-10-08T09:36:37","slug":"dy-probleme-ne-sfond-arsyeja-e-rritjes-se-borxhit-publik-dhe-politikat-e-austeritetit","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/en\/opinion\/dy-probleme-ne-sfond-arsyeja-e-rritjes-se-borxhit-publik-dhe-politikat-e-austeritetit\/","title":{"rendered":"Dy probleme n\u00eb sfond: arsyeja e rritjes s\u00eb borxhit publik dhe politikat e austeritetit"},"content":{"rendered":"
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Kujtojm\u00eb se rritja e borxhit publik duhet t\u00eb ndodh\u00eb, porse ajo duhet t\u00eb ndodh\u00eb p\u00ebr projekte zhvillimore me synim t\u00eb rritjes s\u00eb pun\u00ebsimit, produktivitetit, dhe eksportit. Nga p\u00ebrvoja 13 vje\u00e7are me autostrada, e kemi kuptuar se ato, q\u00eb n\u00eb mas\u00eb t\u00eb madhe nd\u00ebrtohen nga kompani t\u00eb huaja, mund ta leht\u00ebsojn\u00eb qarkullimin e reduktojn\u00eb kostot<\/em>, por<\/em>\u00a0nuk kan\u00eb patur ndikim efektiv e afatgjat\u00eb n\u00eb rritjen e pun\u00ebsimit, produktivitetit, dhe eksportit.<\/em><\/p>\n

Ndon\u00ebse Kryeministri Hoti kishte\u00a0premtuar<\/a>\u00a0se n\u00eb Washington s\u2019po shkonte p\u00ebr gj\u00eb tjet\u00ebr p\u00ebrve\u00e7se p\u00ebr njohje, ai u kthye m\u00eb nj\u00eb dokument zotimesh q\u00eb nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb as marr\u00ebveshje. Kjo p\u00ebr faktin se po t\u00eb ishte e till\u00eb, ajo do ta kishte n\u00ebnshkrimin e dy pal\u00ebve dhe do t\u00eb d\u00ebrgohej n\u00eb Kuvend p\u00ebr ratifikim \u2013 si\u00e7 \u00ebsht\u00eb procedura p\u00ebr marr\u00ebveshjet nd\u00ebrkomb\u00ebtare.<\/p>\n

P\u00ebrve\u00e7 form\u00ebs q\u00eb ngre kund\u00ebrth\u00ebniet e lartp\u00ebrmendura, pjes\u00eb e k\u00ebtyre zotimeve jan\u00eb edhe nj\u00eb s\u00ebr\u00eb projektesh infrastrukturore, kryesisht autostrada, q\u00eb pretendohet se do t\u00eb krijojn\u00eb vende pune. Dhe, ndon\u00ebse si duket askush n\u00eb Qeveri nuk e ka ende krejt\u00ebsisht t\u00eb qart\u00eb sesi do t\u00eb financohen ato, \u00ebsht\u00eb th\u00ebn\u00eb se k\u00ebto investime do t\u00eb kapin vler\u00ebn e \u00a0mbi 1 miliard\u00eb dollar\u00eb<\/a>ve. Duke ditur karakterin e institucioneve financiare q\u00eb p\u00ebrmenden n\u00eb dokument, dhe shum\u00ebn, nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb e v\u00ebshtir\u00eb t\u00eb kuptohet se nj\u00eb pjes\u00eb e mir\u00eb, n\u00eb mos e t\u00ebr\u00eb shuma, do t\u00eb p\u00ebrfshij\u00eb kredi.<\/p>\n

N\u00ebse Kosova do t\u00eb marr\u00eb $1 miliard kredi, si\u00e7 po aludon Qeveria Hoti, at\u00ebher\u00eb kjo do t\u00eb ket\u00eb ndikim serioz n\u00eb rritjen e borxhit t\u00eb jasht\u00ebm, rrjedhimisht borxhit publik. Aktualisht, borxhi publik \u00ebsht\u00eb rreth\u00a01.3 miliard\u00eb euro<\/a>\u00a0por, edhe n\u00ebse k\u00ebto kredi do t\u2019ishin me 0% interes e pa asnj\u00eb shpenzim administrativ (skenar ky pothuajse i pamundsh\u00ebm), at\u00ebher\u00eb borxhi publik do t\u00eb rritej n\u00eb rreth 2.2 miliard\u00eb euro.<\/p>\n

Kjo rritje prej m\u00eb shum\u00eb se 65% e borxhit do t\u00eb n\u00ebnkuptonte rritje nga nj\u00eb borxh q\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb rreth 18.5% e Bruto Produktit Vendor (BPV) n\u00eb nj\u00eb borxh prej rreth 30.6% t\u00eb BPV-s\u00eb. Dhe, kjo m\u00eb baz\u00eb BPV-n\u00eb e 2019-\u00ebs. Duke e ditur se k\u00ebt\u00eb vit do t\u00eb kemi r\u00ebnie ekonomike, at\u00ebher\u00eb kjo p\u00ebrqindje medoemos se do t\u00eb jet\u00eb edhe m\u00eb e madhe.<\/p>\n

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Kujtojm\u00eb se rritja e borxhit publik duhet t\u00eb ndodh\u00eb, porse ajo duhet t\u00eb ndodh\u00eb p\u00ebr projekte zhvillimore me synim t\u00eb rritjes s\u00eb pun\u00ebsimit, produktivitetit, dhe eksportit. Nga p\u00ebrvoja 13 vje\u00e7are me autostrada, e kemi kuptuar se ato, q\u00eb n\u00eb mas\u00eb t\u00eb madhe nd\u00ebrtohen nga kompani t\u00eb huaja, mund ta leht\u00ebsojn\u00eb qarkullimin e reduktojn\u00eb kostot, por nuk kan\u00eb patur ndikim efektiv e afatgjat\u00eb n\u00eb rritjen e pun\u00ebsimit, produktivitetit, dhe eksportit.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

Pra, me k\u00ebt\u00eb qasje, ne po e rrisim borxhin e jasht\u00ebm pa ndonj\u00eb p\u00ebrfitim t\u00eb pritsh\u00ebm p\u00ebr t\u00eb ardhmen. E vetmja gj\u00eb e sigurt me rritjen e borxhit publik p\u00ebr m\u00eb shum\u00eb autostrada \u00ebsht\u00eb rritja e barr\u00ebs q\u00eb ne dhe gjeneratat e ardhshme do ta kemi p\u00ebrkthimin e tij.<\/p>\n

Gjithashtu, n\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb po zvog\u00eblohet hap\u00ebsira e lejueshme p\u00ebr borxh, q\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb deri ne 40% t\u00eb BPV-s\u00eb, me \u00e7\u2019rast do t\u00eb kemi m\u00eb pak mund\u00ebsi n\u00eb t\u00eb ardhmen q\u00eb t\u00eb marrim kredi p\u00ebr projekte nj\u00ebmend zhvillimore si\u00e7 do t\u2019mund t\u00eb ishin ato p\u00ebr p\u00ebrdit\u00ebsimin e teknologjis\u00eb s\u00eb nd\u00ebrmarrjeve publike, themelimin e qendrave p\u00ebr hulumtim e zhvillim n\u00eb universitete, financimin e rritjes s\u00eb kapaciteteve p\u00ebr prodhimin e produkteve strategjike bujq\u00ebsore, p\u00ebrkrahjen e qendrave p\u00ebr inovacion e nd\u00ebrmarr\u00ebsi, etj.<\/p>\n

P\u00ebr m\u00eb tep\u00ebr q\u00eb, p\u00ebr shkak se t\u00eb hyrat edhe nga Dogana edhe nga Administrata Tatimore e Kosov\u00ebs kan\u00eb r\u00ebn\u00eb, deficiti buxhetor p\u00ebr k\u00ebt\u00eb vit detyrimisht do ta rrit\u00eb borxhin publik. Pra, edhe pa e llogaritur 1 miliard dollar\u00eb t\u00eb zotuar, vet\u00ebm p\u00ebr shkak t\u00eb dallimit mes t\u00eb hyrave dhe shpenzimeve t\u00eb Qeveris\u00eb p\u00ebr k\u00ebt\u00eb vit, do t\u00eb ket\u00eb rritje t\u00eb borxhit publik. Kur i shtohet edhe ky obligim, ai mund t\u00eb b\u00ebhet nj\u00eb sfid\u00eb serioze n\u00eb t\u00eb ardhmen.<\/p>\n

Natyrisht se kjo sfid\u00eb, me t\u00eb cil\u00ebn do t\u00eb ballafaqohet Qeveria her\u00ebt ose von\u00eb, \u00ebsht\u00eb sesi do t\u00eb paguhet ai. Meq\u00eb Kosova nuk ka valut\u00eb t\u00eb vet\u00ebn, ajo nuk mund t\u00eb prodhoj\u00eb m\u00eb shum\u00eb para. As nuk ka mund\u00ebsi q\u00eb t\u00eb ndikoj\u00eb n\u00eb normat k\u00ebmbimore \u2013 gj\u00eb q\u00eb do t\u2019mund ta leht\u00ebsonte kthimin e borxhit. K\u00ebshtu, praktikisht, jan\u00eb dy m\u00ebnyra q\u00eb do t\u00eb mbesin: rritja e t\u00eb hyrave dhe\/ose ulja e shpenzimeve.<\/p>\n

Rritja e t\u00eb hyrave do t\u2019mund t\u00eb b\u00ebhej p\u00ebrmes rritjes s\u00eb tatimeve. Aktualisht, Qeveria Hoti nuk duket se ka n\u00eb plan di\u00e7ka t\u00eb till\u00eb. Madje, ajo ka\u00a0propozuar<\/a>\u00a0uljen e Tatimit mbi Vler\u00ebn e Shtuar p\u00ebr disa sektor\u00eb, gj\u00eb q\u00eb n\u00eb periudh\u00ebn afatshkurt\u00ebr medoemos i ul\u00eb t\u00eb hyrat. Gjithashtu, ajo \u00ebsht\u00eb zotuar p\u00ebr mini-Schengenin i cili, qoft\u00eb si zon\u00eb e tregtis\u00eb s\u00eb lir\u00eb qoft\u00eb si union doganor (meq\u00eb nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb qart\u00ebsuar asnj\u00ebher\u00eb se \u00e7far\u00eb do t\u00eb jet\u00eb), mund t\u00eb ket\u00eb ndikim t\u00eb madh negativ n\u00eb t\u00eb hyra.<\/p>\n

N\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb situat\u00eb, alternativ\u00eb e k\u00ebsaj Qeverie mbeten shkurtimet buxhetore apo, si\u00e7 njihen pas krizave, politikat e austeritetit. Ato i kemi par\u00eb n\u00eb shum\u00eb shtete pas Recesionit t\u00eb Madh 2007-09. Zakonisht sektor\u00ebt e par\u00eb t\u00eb cil\u00ebt p\u00ebsojn\u00eb shkurtime buxhetore jan\u00eb ato q\u00eb kan\u00eb m\u00eb s\u00eb paku ndikim tek politikat e Qeveris\u00eb \u2013 shtresat e margjinaluzara. Pra, zvog\u00eblohet rrjeta e mbrojtjes sociale, rast me t\u00eb cilin goditen m\u00eb s\u00eb shumti ata q\u00eb kan\u00eb m\u00eb s\u00eb shumti nevoj\u00eb p\u00ebr ndihm\u00ebn e shtetit.<\/p>\n

Se \u00e7far\u00eb forme do t\u00eb marrin politikat e austeritetit n\u00eb Kosov\u00eb mbetet t\u00eb shihet, por sinjalizimi gjithnj\u00eb e m\u00eb i shpesht\u00eb se do t\u00eb ket\u00eb ulje t\u00eb pagave n\u00eb sektorin publik \u00ebsht\u00eb indikacion i qart\u00eb q\u00eb po shkojm\u00eb n\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb drejtim. K\u00ebtu duhet sqaruar se nj\u00eb gj\u00eb e till\u00eb nuk do t\u00eb b\u00ebhet si pasoj\u00eb e nevoj\u00ebs p\u00ebr ristrukturim t\u00eb pagave n\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb sektor, \u00e7ka do t\u00eb kishte m\u00eb shum\u00eb barazi p\u00ebrbrenda k\u00ebtij sektori dhe mes tij e atij privat. Ulja e pagave do t\u00eb b\u00ebhet sepse Qeveria po e rrit borxhin. Pra, narrativa po p\u00ebrmbyset: nga premtimi i pap\u00ebrmbushur i Kryeministrit Hoti n\u00eb\u00a0fjalimin inaugurues<\/a>\u00a0q\u00eb do ta rim\u00ebk\u00ebmb\u00eb ekonomin\u00eb duke i futur \u201cs\u00eb paku 1.2 miliard euro\u201d n\u00eb ekonomi, tani kemi sinjale q\u00eb do t\u00eb ket\u00eb shkurtime buxhetore \u2013 nj\u00eb gabim klasik i Qeverive t\u00eb djathta n\u00eb koh\u00eb krizash.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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\n<\/div>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Kujtojm\u00eb se rritja e borxhit publik duhet t\u00eb ndodh\u00eb, porse ajo duhet t\u00eb ndodh\u00eb p\u00ebr projekte zhvillimore me synim t\u00eb rritjes s\u00eb pun\u00ebsimit, produktivitetit, dhe eksportit. Nga p\u00ebrvoja 13 vje\u00e7are me autostrada, e kemi kuptuar se ato, q\u00eb n\u00eb mas\u00eb t\u00eb madhe nd\u00ebrtohen nga kompani t\u00eb huaja, mund ta leht\u00ebsojn\u00eb qarkullimin e reduktojn\u00eb kostot, por\u00a0nuk […]<\/p>","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":7963,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[9],"tags":[691,548],"ppma_author":[97],"class_list":["post-5402","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-opinion","tag-economy","tag-politics"],"authors":[{"term_id":97,"user_id":0,"is_guest":1,"slug":"edison-jakurti","display_name":"Edison Jakurti","avatar_url":{"url":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/Edison-Jakurti.jpeg","url2x":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/Edison-Jakurti.jpeg"},"user_url":"","last_name":"","first_name":"","description":"Edison Jakurti \u00ebsht\u00eb doktorant i shkencave ekonomike n\u00eb Freie Universit\u00e4t Berlin. M\u00eb her\u00ebt ai i ka p\u00ebrfunduar studimet e nivelit master p\u00ebr politikat e zhvillimit nd\u00ebrkomb\u00ebtar, me fokus n\u00eb ekonomiksin aplikativ, n\u00eb Duke University, dhe studimet themelore n\u00eb drejtimin ekonomiks dhe statistik\u00eb n\u00eb R.I.T. Ka punuar si asistent hulumtues dhe asistent ligj\u00ebrues n\u00eb Duke University, si dhe k\u00ebshilltar n\u00eb Bank\u00ebn Bot\u00ebrore."}],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5402","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=5402"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5402\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":8083,"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5402\/revisions\/8083"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/7963"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=5402"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=5402"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=5402"},{"taxonomy":"author","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/ppma_author?post=5402"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}