{"id":5604,"date":"2020-06-18T15:39:54","date_gmt":"2020-06-18T13:39:54","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/?p=5604"},"modified":"2024-10-23T15:42:30","modified_gmt":"2024-10-23T13:42:30","slug":"shpella-e-pirateve-e-markos-dhe-izolacionizmi-i-enver-hoxhes","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/en\/kritike\/shpella-e-pirateve-e-markos-dhe-izolacionizmi-i-enver-hoxhes\/","title":{"rendered":"\u201cShpella e pirat\u00ebve\u201d e Markos dhe izolacionizmi i Enver Hoxh\u00ebs"},"content":{"rendered":"
\n

Intro<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u201cShpella e pirat\u00ebve\u201d e Petro Markos \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb nga romanet e mija t\u00eb preferuara. \u00cbsht\u00eb nj\u00eb nga ato shajnit\u00eb e f\u00ebmij\u00ebris\u00eb q\u00eb t\u00eb shoq\u00ebrojn\u00eb edhe kur t\u00eb jesh rritur. Q\u00eb nga f\u00ebmij\u00ebria, k\u00ebt\u00eb roman e kam lexuar shum\u00eb her\u00eb. Her\u00ebn e fundit n\u00eb ver\u00ebn e kaluar kur pata fatin ta vizitoja p\u00ebr her\u00eb t\u00eb par\u00eb shpell\u00ebn e famshme ndan\u00eb Dh\u00ebrmiut, ku nd\u00ebrtohet strumbullari i fabul\u00ebs s\u00eb romanit. N\u00eb p\u00ebrgjith\u00ebsi e quaj veten si adhurues t\u00eb zjarrt\u00eb t\u00eb t\u00eb gjith\u00eb korpusit krijues t\u00eb Petro Markos, tek i cili gjej nj\u00eb shkatht\u00ebsi t\u00eb rrall\u00eb prej letrari q\u00eb ia del q\u00eb lexuesit t\u2019ia sjell rr\u00ebfimin sikur t\u00eb ish nj\u00eb film, nj\u00eb ngjarje fluide q\u00eb rrjedh leht\u00eb dhe parafytyruesh\u00ebm.<\/p>\n

N\u00eb fakt, vet\u00eb jeta, dhe jo vet\u00ebm vepra, e Petro Markos ka qen\u00eb gjithnj\u00eb tunduese p\u00ebr mua. Ka pasur nj\u00eb joshje mistike tek ai. Nj\u00eb djal\u00eb i ri i bregut t\u00eb detit, i rritur n\u00eb Dh\u00ebrmiun e bukur mes notit n\u00eb Jon dhe qitrove q\u00eb tregtonte i ati, Petroja m\u00eb pas do t\u00eb shkollohej n\u00eb Vlor\u00eb e n\u00eb Fakultetin e Let\u00ebrsis\u00eb n\u00eb Athin\u00eb, prej nga u largua p\u00ebr shkak t\u00eb nj\u00eb grindje me rektorin i cili k\u00ebmb\u00ebngulte se himariot\u00ebt ishin grek\u00eb dhe ishte turp q\u00eb ai, si himariot q\u00eb ishte, t\u00eb b\u00ebhej m\u00ebsues i shqipes.<\/p>\n

Q\u00eb n\u00eb rini t\u00eb vet, Petro Markoja do t\u00eb b\u00ebhej pjes\u00eb e grupeve ilegale komuniste dhe nj\u00eb nga penat m\u00eb thumbuese e m\u00eb t\u00eb mprehta t\u00eb shtypit ilegal antizogist. M\u00eb pas, i shtyr\u00eb nga bindjet politike majtiste, ai do t\u00eb shkonte si vullnetar \u2013 bashk\u00eb me nja tri dyzina t\u00eb rinjsh shqiptar\u00eb \u2013 p\u00ebr t\u00eb luftuar n\u00eb Luft\u00ebn Civile Spanjolle p\u00ebrkrah forcave republikane antifrankiste. K\u00ebt\u00eb nd\u00ebrkoh\u00eb t\u00eb t\u00eb qenit ushtar i Brigad\u00ebs Internacionale \u201cGaribaldi\u201d do ta pasqyronte m\u00eb s\u00eb miri n\u00eb kryevepr\u00ebn e tij, \u201cHasta la Vista\u201d, nj\u00eb nga romanet m\u00eb t\u00eb bukur n\u00eb gjuh\u00ebn shqipe.<\/p>\n

Lufta mbaroi me fitoren e Fransisko Frankos. Republikan\u00ebt e Petro Markos ishin mposhtur. U kthye n\u00eb atdhe, por m\u00eb pas do t\u00eb arrestohej nga italian\u00ebt dhe do t\u00eb internohej n\u00eb Palermo e Ustika, kujtimet nga e cila periudh\u00eb do t\u2019i paraqiste tek \u201cNata e Ustik\u00ebs\u201d, nj\u00eb tjet\u00ebr vep\u00ebr e arrir\u00eb e tij. Pas kapitullimit t\u00eb Italis\u00eb fashiste ai kthehet n\u00eb Shqip\u00ebri dhe fill pas \u00e7lirimit u caktua n\u00eb krye t\u00eb gazet\u00ebs \u201cBashkimi\u201d, por p\u00ebr shkak se nuk ndiqte vij\u00ebn dogmatike t\u00eb Partis\u00eb ai u burgos n\u00eb vitet 1947-1950, gjersa pas vitit 1973 iu hoq e drejta e botimit. K\u00ebtu nuk do t\u00eb mirrte fund kalvari i tij. M\u00eb 1975 do t\u2019ia arrestonin edhe t\u00eb birin, Jamarb\u00ebr Markon.<\/p>\n

Ky ishte fati jet\u00ebsor i nj\u00eb majtisti idealist, i cili asnj\u00ebher\u00eb nuk u pajtua me linj\u00ebn staliniste n\u00eb shoq\u00ebri dhe kultur\u00eb t\u00eb Partis\u00eb s\u00eb Pun\u00ebs dhe gjithnj\u00eb ngeli nj\u00eb rebel i ri n\u00eb shpirt, nj\u00eb majtist idealist, bindjet ideologjike t\u00eb t\u00eb cilit varionin nga socialdemokracia e gjer tek anarkizmi dhe komunizmi me tipare humaniste, por asnj\u00ebher\u00eb nuk p\u00ebrfundoi n\u00eb nj\u00eb dogmat stalinist.<\/p>\n

P\u00ebrgjith\u00ebsisht, edhe n\u00eb romanet e tij v\u00ebrehet nj\u00eb pahitje alternative e t\u00eb shkruarit, nj\u00eb gjall\u00ebri personazhesh, krejt e kund\u00ebrta e statujave prej all\u00e7ie q\u00eb shkrimtar\u00ebt e tjer\u00eb t\u00eb socrealizmit i ravij\u00ebzonin tek personazhet e tyre t\u00eb ngurta dhe t\u00eb ndi\u00e7me. Tek vepra e Markos shijon nj\u00eb loj\u00eb fabuloze, nj\u00eb nd\u00ebrthurrje ngjarjesh, nj\u00eb vitalitet narracioni dhe jo shabllone ideologjike t\u00eb partinostit t\u00eb heronjve t\u00eb klas\u00ebs dhe t\u00eb armiqve t\u00eb klas\u00ebs q\u00eb m\u00ebsoheshin nga metodika plehanoviane e realizmit socialist e Institutit t\u00eb Let\u00ebrsis\u00eb \u201cMaksim Gorki\u201d.<\/p>\n

Petro Markoja e shkroi \u201cShpell\u00ebn e pirat\u00ebve\u201d n\u00eb vitin 1964. Kishin kaluar vet\u00ebm pak vite q\u00eb kur Enver Hoxha u prish m\u00eb Bashkimin Sovjetik t\u00eb Nikita Hrushovit. Arsyetimi ideologjik e propagandistik i Partis\u00eb s\u00eb Pun\u00ebs? Ne, ndon\u00ebse t\u00eb vegj\u00ebl, nuk i n\u00ebnshtrohemi asnj\u00eb superfuqie sepse historikisht shqiptar\u00ebt kan\u00eb rezistuar t\u00eb vet\u00ebm dhe sepse ne p\u00ebrfaq\u00ebsojm\u00eb linj\u00ebn m\u00eb t\u00eb past\u00ebr t\u00eb marksiz\u00ebm-leninizmit. Parulla e koh\u00ebs: \u201cHam\u00eb bar dhe nuk i shkelim parimet e marksiz\u00ebm-leninizmit!\u201d<\/p>\n

Ndon\u00ebse p\u00ebr nj\u00eb lexues t\u00eb \u201cShpell\u00ebs s\u00eb pirat\u00ebve\u201d fokusin e merr shtjella e ngjarjes q\u00eb kryesisht ngjan me nj\u00eb aventur\u00eb f\u00ebmij\u00ebrore, kur e sheh m\u00eb thell\u00eb v\u00ebren gjurm\u00eb t\u00eb nj\u00eb mesazhi ideologjik, i cili, rast\u00ebsisht ose jo, p\u00ebrputhet me kryemesazhin ideologjik t\u00eb koh\u00ebs \u2013 shqiptari i b\u00ebn ball\u00eb edhe (ar)miqve t\u00eb fuqish\u00ebm dhe nuk e ul kok\u00ebn para tyre. Duke marr\u00eb parasysh q\u00eb Markoja ishte viktim\u00eb e atij sistemi dhe kishte nj\u00eb origjinalitet unikal n\u00eb t\u00eb shkruar, nuk p\u00ebrjashtohet mund\u00ebsia q\u00eb rast\u00ebsisht mesazhi i \u201cShpell\u00ebs s\u00eb pirat\u00ebve\u201d t\u00eb p\u00ebrputhet me kryemesazhin e madh, at\u00eb t\u00eb diktatorit, se Shqip\u00ebria \u00ebsht\u00eb \u201cmes dallg\u00ebsh shk\u00ebmb graniti vigan\u201d, si\u00e7 k\u00ebndonte Mentor Xhemaili i madh.<\/p>\n

Analysis<\/strong><\/p>\n

– Shembulli I<\/p>\n

\u201cKam lexuar nj\u00eb histori q\u00eb thoshte se Saraqen\u00ebt ishin munduar t\u00eb pushtonin edhe vendin ton\u00eb, se ky vend \u00ebsht\u00eb shum\u00eb strategjik, kontrollon gjith\u00eb kanalin e Otrantos. Pastaj, ata e pan\u00eb se ky vend \u00ebsht\u00eb si k\u00ebshtjell\u00eb e pathyeshme dhe po ta pushtonin, do t\u2019i sulmonin m\u00eb kollaj karavet q\u00eb kalonin kanalin e Otrantos. Mir\u00ebpo k\u00ebtu gjet\u00ebn ustan\u00eb. Gjet\u00ebn t\u00eb par\u00ebt tan\u00eb q\u00eb nuk i lan\u00eb kurr\u00eb t\u00eb hidhnin k\u00ebmb\u00ebn mbi k\u00ebt\u00eb truall\u2026\u201d<\/em>\u00a0(Marko, \u201cShpella\u2026\u201d, botim i Rilindjes, 1972, faqe 53)<\/p>\n

Episodi m\u00eb ilustrues ku u manifestua konflikti shqiptaro-sovjetik n\u00eb vitin 1961 ishte n\u00eb Baz\u00ebn Ushtarake Detare t\u00eb Pashalimanit, pak metra larg shpell\u00ebs ku zhvillohet ngjarja e romanit ton\u00eb. Vet\u00eb Zhukovi, strategu nam\u00ebmadh ushtarak dhe ministri sovjetik i Mbrojtjes, e kishte pikasur Karaburunin dhe Pashalimanin si nyj\u00eb strategjike p\u00ebr kontrollin e Otrantos dhe, n\u00ebp\u00ebrmes tij, t\u00eb Adriatikut e Jonit. Madje konflikti u p\u00ebrshkall\u00ebzua mu p\u00ebr kontrollin e k\u00ebsaj bazeje dhe p\u00ebr n\u00ebndet\u00ebset e saj. Kadareja p\u00ebrmend k\u00ebt\u00eb episod tek \u201cDimri i vetmis\u00eb s\u00eb madhe\u201d, episod q\u00eb m\u00eb pas u ekranizua n\u00ebp\u00ebrmjet filmit \u201cBall\u00eb p\u00ebr ball\u00eb\u201d t\u00eb Kujtim \u00c7ashkut.<\/p>\n

Por, \u201ck\u00ebtu gjet\u00ebn ustan\u00eb\u201d. Shtypi shqiptar i koh\u00ebs u mbush me lavd\u00ebrime p\u00ebr \u201custan\u00eb\u201d, Enver Hoxh\u00ebn, q\u00eb ua tregoi vendin rus\u00ebve. Mu sikurse tek ajo piktura e famshme e Guri Madhit ku Enver Hoxha ngriste gishtin e akuz\u00ebs n\u00eb drejtim t\u00eb Hrushovit dhe \u201crevizionist\u00ebve sovjetik\u00eb\u201d n\u00eb mbledhjen e 81 partive komuniste n\u00eb Mosk\u00eb m\u00eb 1960.<\/p>\n

– Shembulli II<\/p>\n

Pak\u00ebz m\u00eb von\u00eb, kur n\u00eb k\u00ebto brigje u duk\u00ebn bojar\u00ebt dhe vojvod\u00ebt e car Borisit t\u00eb Bullgaris\u00eb, Gjonbiri u p\u00ebrgjigjet:\u00a0\u201cT\u2019i thuash carit t\u00ebnd se nuk e ftoi njeri t\u00eb vij\u00eb k\u00ebtyre brigjeve. Ai le t\u00eb q\u00ebndroj\u00eb atje n\u00eb brigjet e Detit t\u00eb Zi dhe t\u00eb shikoj\u00eb tokat e tij. K\u00ebto brigje kan\u00eb zot. K\u00ebto brigje jan\u00eb tonat dhe ne, si\u00e7 e keni d\u00ebgjuar edhe ju, dim\u00eb t\u2019i mbrojm\u00eb fare mir\u00eb. Ashtu na kan\u00eb m\u00ebsuar t\u00eb par\u00ebt tan\u00eb\u2026 Andaj t\u00eb kthehet me t\u00eb mir\u00eb andej nga ka ardhur dhe t\u00eb mbledh\u00eb ushtar\u00ebt e tij\u2026\u201d<\/em>\u00a0(Marko, po aty, f. 85)<\/p>\n

Gjonbiri ishte djal\u00eb i Gjonbab\u00ebs dhe vazhdues politik i rezistenc\u00ebs s\u00eb tij. A nuk e shihte Enver Hoxha veten si v\u00ebllam\u00eb e pasardh\u00ebs politik t\u00eb Sk\u00ebnderbeut? A nuk besonte Enveri se po i rezitonte Hrushovit sikurse Sk\u00ebnderbeu dikur sulltan\u00ebve? A nuk k\u00ebndohej k\u00ebnga \u201cplot pes\u00eb shekuj n\u00ebna priti, Sk\u00ebnd\u00ebrbeut nj\u00eb v\u00eblla ia rriti\u201d?<\/p>\n

N\u00eb po t\u00eb nj\u00ebjt\u00ebn faqe, d\u00ebrgata e car Borisit i hak\u00ebrrehej Gjonbirit se po u prish\u00ebn me carin, \u201clumi Tuna t\u00ebrbohet dhe Malet e Ballkanit nxijn\u00eb\u201d. Tek libri i tij \u201cHrushovian\u00ebt\u201d, Enver Hoxha d\u00ebshmon se si k\u00ebrc\u00ebnohej nga Kozlovi, nj\u00eb nga sekretar\u00ebt e Komitetit Qendror t\u00eb PKBS-s\u00eb, se \u201cmjafton nj\u00eb bomb\u00eb atomike t\u00eb hidhet nga amerikan\u00ebt dhe e shuan fare Shqip\u00ebrin\u00eb dhe popullsin\u00eb e saj\u201d.<\/p>\n

Tipar i tret\u00eb dallues \u00ebsht\u00eb hak\u00ebrrimi: kthehuni n\u00eb Detin e Zi. Bashkimi Sovjetik t\u00eb vetmen dalje n\u00eb uj\u00ebra t\u00eb ngrohta e kishte p\u00ebrmes Detit t\u00eb Zi dhe n\u00eb pranver\u00ebn e vitit 1961 rus\u00ebt ik\u00ebn nga Pashalimani p\u00ebr n\u00eb Detin e Zi.<\/p>\n

– Shembulli III<\/p>\n

\u201cQoft\u00eb i mallkuar ai q\u00eb do t\u00eb jetoj\u00eb duke l\u00ebn\u00eb v\u00ebndin t\u00eb shkelet nga k\u00ebmba e huaj!… Kur t\u00eb hedh\u00ebsh syt\u00eb nga malet tona, kujto se ato jan\u00eb streha dhe kalaja jon\u00eb shekullore! Ato jan\u00eb miku yn\u00eb besnik. Dhe kur hedh\u00ebsh syt\u00eb nga deti, kujto se n\u00eb val\u00ebt e tij jan\u00eb shtrir\u00eb kokallat e gjyshit t\u00ebnd dhe t\u00eb babait t\u00ebnd! Mbrojeni detin ton\u00eb dhe gjithnj\u00eb fytyr\u00ebn e mbani drejt tij me krenari, se \u00ebsht\u00eb deti yn\u00eb, \u00ebsht\u00eb jeta jon\u00eb!\u201d<\/em>\u00a0(Marko, po aty, f. 90-91)<\/p>\n

S\u00ebrish elemente romantike n\u00eb p\u00ebrshkrimin e r\u00ebnd\u00ebsis\u00eb s\u00eb mbrojtjes s\u00eb detit dhe t\u00eb tok\u00ebs, shoq\u00ebruar me stilema tipike t\u00eb koh\u00ebs, si \u201ckala shekullore\u201d. Kur e kontekstualizon koh\u00ebn kur \u00ebsht\u00eb shkruar romani, pa dyshim q\u00eb ndjen shijen e analogjis\u00eb me konfliktin q\u00eb Shqip\u00ebria sapo kishte pasur me sovjetik\u00ebt rreth Pashalimanit.<\/p>\n

– Shembulli IV<\/p>\n

\u201cO Shpell\u00eb! O llogorja jon\u00eb! O vat\u00ebr dhe varri yn\u00eb! Me gjith\u00eb forc\u00ebn e z\u00ebrit t\u00eb t\u00eb gjith\u00eb k\u00ebtyre trimave q\u00eb ran\u00eb k\u00ebtu, me gjith\u00eb forc\u00ebn e dashuris\u00eb q\u00eb lindi dhe mbaroi k\u00ebtu, thirri \u201cNdal!\u201d atij q\u00eb do t\u00eb shkel\u00eb k\u00ebtu. N\u00eb qoft\u00eb bir i k\u00ebtij vendi, lejoje! N\u00eb qoft\u00eb pirat, shtype si krimb me urrejtjen ton\u00eb!\u201d<\/em>\u00a0(Marko, po aty, f. 104)<\/p>\n

P\u00ebrpos terminologjis\u00eb luftarake q\u00eb karakterizonte diskursin socialist n\u00eb politik\u00ebn shqiptare t\u00eb koh\u00ebs (\u201cllogore\u201d) dhe stilemave romantike (\u201cvatra\u201d, \u201cvarri\u201d), ndjehet edhe elementi nacionalist i refuzimit t\u00eb pirat\u00ebve q\u00eb synojn\u00eb detin dhe bregdetin shqiptar \u2013 qofshin pirat\u00eb t\u00eb lasht\u00ebsis\u00eb, qoshin \u201cpirat\u00ebt\u201d bashk\u00ebkohor\u00eb q\u00eb synonin gllab\u00ebrimin e bazave detare shqiptare.<\/p>\n

– Shembulli V<\/p>\n

\u201cM\u00ebsimi m\u00eb i madh historik i k\u00ebsaj shpelle \u00ebsht\u00eb ky: pirat\u00ebt ose \u00e7do lloj shkel\u00ebsi q\u00eb t\u00eb hyn n\u00eb sht\u00ebpi dhe pastaj sht\u00ebpin\u00eb t\u00ebnde e p\u00ebrdor si istikam sulmi p\u00ebr sht\u00ebpit\u00eb e tjera, duhen luftuar me \u00e7do kusht, gjer n\u00eb asgj\u00ebsimin e tyre, ashtu si\u00e7 b\u00ebn\u00eb Gjonbaba, Gjonbiri dhe Gjonipi\u2026\u201d<\/em>\u00a0(Marko, po aty, f. 114)<\/p>\n

Tek libri i tij \u201cHrushovian\u00ebt\u201d \u2013 pa\u00e7ka se i shkruar vite m\u00eb von\u00eb, idet\u00eb e librit mund t\u00eb haseshin q\u00eb n\u00eb koh\u00ebn e prishjes me sovjetik\u00ebt \u2013 Enver Hoxha kujton reagimin e tij rreth ides\u00eb s\u00eb Hrushovit dhe mareshal Malinovskit mbi shfryt\u00ebzimin e brigjeve t\u00eb Jonit p\u00ebr baza t\u00eb reja detare: \u201cM\u2019u drodh mishi kur i d\u00ebgjoja t\u00eb flitnin k\u00ebshtu si zot\u00ebr t\u00eb deteve, t\u00eb vendeve, t\u00eb popujve. Jo, Nikita Hrushov, thash\u00eb me vete, kurr\u00eb s\u2019do t\u00eb t\u00eb lejojm\u00eb q\u00eb nga toka jon\u00eb t\u00eb nis\u00eb rob\u00ebria dhe gjakderdhja e vendeve dhe e popujve t\u00eb tjer\u00eb. Kurr\u00eb ti s\u2019do t\u2019i kesh t\u00eb tuat p\u00ebr ato q\u00ebllime t\u00eb zeza as Butrintin, as Vlor\u00ebn, asnj\u00eb gisht t\u00eb tok\u00ebs shqiptare.\u201d<\/p>\n

Narrativa \u00ebsht\u00eb pothuajs\u00eb identike.<\/p>\n

– Shembulli VI<\/p>\n

Kur f\u00ebmij\u00ebt e ekspedit\u00ebs \u201cDelfini i Pionier\u00ebve\u201d u fut\u00ebn n\u00eb shpell\u00eb, n\u00eb Kish\u00ebn e Shpell\u00ebs e gjet\u00ebn nj\u00eb kafk\u00eb. Loloja, \u201ckapedani\u201d i tyre, i drejtohet kafk\u00ebs me k\u00ebto fjal\u00eb:\u00a0\u201cFol, o st\u00ebrgjyshi yn\u00eb!… Kund\u00ebr kujt luftove? A m\u00eb d\u00ebgjon? T\u00eb flas un\u00eb, nj\u00eb pionier i Republik\u00ebs Popullore t\u00eb Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb. Ti dhe shpirt k\u00ebtu br\u00ebnda n\u00eb err\u00ebsir\u00eb, se vendi yt at\u00ebhere ishte n\u00eb luft\u00eb me pirat\u00ebt\u2026 Tani s\u2019ka m\u00eb pirat\u00eb vendi yn\u00eb. Tani jemi b\u00ebr\u00eb t\u00eb zot\u00ebrit e vendit ton\u00eb\u2026 Po, o luft\u00ebtar i koh\u00ebve t\u00eb lashta, edhe gjysh\u00ebrit tan\u00eb, edhe prind\u00ebrit tan\u00eb e ndoq\u00ebn me besnik\u00ebri gjer n\u00eb vdekje rrug\u00ebn tuaj t\u00eb heroizmave p\u00ebr liri kund\u00ebr \u00e7do pirati\u2026\u201d<\/em>\u00a0(Marko, po aty, f. 122)<\/p>\n

N\u00eb asnj\u00eb nga shembujt e lartcekur nuk del m\u00eb qart\u00eb se k\u00ebtu mesazhi i paraleles s\u00eb luft\u00ebrave t\u00eb shpellar\u00ebve mesjetar\u00eb arb\u00ebror\u00eb dhe Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb s\u00eb Enver Hoxh\u00ebs. Madje, krejt hapur p\u00ebrmendet Republika Popullore dhe sheshit lihet t\u00eb kuptohet se \u201cpirat\u00ebt\u201d modern\u00eb i shporr\u00ebm.<\/p>\n

P\u00ebrmbyllje<\/strong><\/p>\n

Natyrisht, nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u2019u kritikuar shpirti patriotik n\u00eb librat p\u00ebr f\u00ebmij\u00eb. Mbase kjo \u00ebsht\u00eb e nevojshme dhe e domosdoshme n\u00eb edukimin e brezave t\u00eb rinj. P\u00ebr rrjedhoj\u00eb, kjo ese nuk mund t\u00eb lexohet si sulm ndaj romanit t\u00eb Markos. P\u00ebrkundrazi, \u201cShpella e pirat\u00ebve\u201d ngel romani im i preferuar. Ideja \u00ebsht\u00eb t\u00eb nxirren paralele mes narrativ\u00ebs zyrtare t\u00eb koh\u00ebs rreth prishjes me sovjetik\u00ebt dhe elementeve \u2013 her\u00eb t\u00eb fshehura e her\u00eb t\u00eb qarta \u2013 t\u00eb krahasimit t\u00eb madh\u00ebshtis\u00eb e lavdis\u00eb s\u00eb lasht\u00eb me \u201cheroizmat\u201d e udh\u00ebheq\u00ebsve modern\u00eb, \u201ckapedanit\u201d t\u00eb koh\u00ebs, liderit absolut, Enver Hoxh\u00ebs. Poashtu, ideja \u00ebsht\u00eb t\u00eb lexohen mes rreshtash shkarkit\u00eb e izolacionizmit: edhe n\u00eb koh\u00ebn e Gjonbab\u00ebs, Gjonbirit e Gjonipit ngel\u00ebm vet\u00eb, por parimor\u00eb.<\/p>\n

Kjo nuk ia ul vlerat artistike \u201cShpell\u00ebs s\u00eb pirat\u00ebve\u201d dhe as vepr\u00ebs s\u00eb Markos n\u00eb p\u00ebrgjith\u00ebsi, sikund\u00ebrq\u00eb kjo nuk ia mohon Markos pakorruptueshm\u00ebrin\u00eb letrare, i cili gjer n\u00eb fund ruajti me fanatiz\u00ebm origjinalitetin e pen\u00ebs s\u00eb vet dhe pacenueshm\u00ebrin\u00eb e saj nga banalizimet socrealiste. Vet\u00ebm ilustron ndikimet politike \u2013 qofshin edhe t\u00eb pavet\u00ebdijshme \u2013 n\u00eb let\u00ebrsin\u00eb e koh\u00ebs.<\/p>\n

Edhe romani \u201cK\u00ebshtjella\u201d i Ismail Kadares\u00eb \u2013 madje q\u00eb n\u00eb titull \u2013 t\u00eb nd\u00ebrmend propagand\u00ebn e sistemit se Shqip\u00ebria ish nj\u00eb k\u00ebshtjell\u00eb e pathyeshme p\u00ebrkundrejt sulmeve nga superfuqit\u00eb. Por, fakti q\u00eb \u201cK\u00ebshtjella\u201d u shkrua m\u00eb 1970, pothuajse nj\u00eb dekad\u00eb pas \u00e7arjes shqiptaro-sovjetike, b\u00ebri q\u00eb theksi i eses\u00eb sime t\u00eb binte mu tek \u201cShpella e pirat\u00ebve\u201d q\u00eb u shkrua pak koh\u00eb pas k\u00ebsaj \u00e7arjeje. Edhe fakti q\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb roman p\u00ebr f\u00ebmij\u00eb dhe analogjit\u00eb e metaforat jan\u00eb m\u00eb t\u00eb fshehura, e b\u00ebri m\u00eb tunduese p\u00ebr mua q\u00eb t\u2019i k\u00ebrkoja e gjurmoja ato mu tek ky roman.<\/p>\n

Ndon\u00ebse tek \u201cShpella e pirat\u00ebve\u201d hasen k\u00ebto elemente e analogji, Markoja asnj\u00ebher\u00eb nuk e humbi unikalitetin dhe i rezistoi presionit p\u00ebr t\u00eb shkruar p\u00ebr stahanovit\u00ebt e Lej Fen\u00ebt e emulacionit socialist dhe ngeli nj\u00eb antikonformist i pashoq. Mbase, edhe p\u00ebr at\u00eb arsye diktatura asnj\u00ebher\u00eb nuk i zuri bes\u00eb dhe ia mori t\u00eb drejt\u00ebn e botimit.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n
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\n<\/div>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Intro \u201cShpella e pirat\u00ebve\u201d e Petro Markos \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb nga romanet e mija t\u00eb preferuara. \u00cbsht\u00eb nj\u00eb nga ato shajnit\u00eb e f\u00ebmij\u00ebris\u00eb q\u00eb t\u00eb shoq\u00ebrojn\u00eb edhe kur t\u00eb jesh rritur. Q\u00eb nga f\u00ebmij\u00ebria, k\u00ebt\u00eb roman e kam lexuar shum\u00eb her\u00eb. Her\u00ebn e fundit n\u00eb ver\u00ebn e kaluar kur pata fatin ta vizitoja p\u00ebr her\u00eb t\u00eb […]<\/p>","protected":false},"author":411,"featured_media":9019,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[14],"tags":[883,1511],"ppma_author":[768],"class_list":["post-5604","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-kritike","tag-enver-hoxha","tag-izolacionizmi"],"authors":[{"term_id":768,"user_id":411,"is_guest":0,"slug":"fitim-salihu","display_name":"Fitim Salihu","avatar_url":{"url":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/Fitim-Salihu-e1701268592693.png","url2x":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/Fitim-Salihu-e1701268592693.png"},"user_url":"","last_name":"Salihu","first_name":"Fitim","description":"Fitim Salihu \u00ebsht\u00eb politolog dhe merret kryesisht me studime kulturore e me studime t\u00eb Marr\u00ebdh\u00ebnieve Nd\u00ebrkomb\u00ebtare, me theks t\u00eb ve\u00e7ant\u00eb p\u00ebr Lindjen e Mesme, ShBA-n\u00eb dhe Amerik\u00ebn Latine. P\u00ebr nj\u00eb koh\u00eb ka punuar si redaktor i kultur\u00ebs n\u00eb gazet\u00ebn \"Z\u00ebri\", shkruan si kolumnist p\u00ebr gazet\u00ebn kroate \"Bilten\" dhe punon si hulumtues shkencor p\u00ebr disa institute vendore e t\u00eb jashtme."}],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5604","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/411"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=5604"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5604\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":9020,"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5604\/revisions\/9020"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/9019"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=5604"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=5604"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=5604"},{"taxonomy":"author","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/ppma_author?post=5604"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}