{"id":5952,"date":"2022-03-11T15:03:33","date_gmt":"2022-03-11T13:03:33","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/?p=5952"},"modified":"2024-10-07T14:20:06","modified_gmt":"2024-10-07T12:20:06","slug":"roli-i-qendrave-te-kujdesit-per-femije-ne-shoqerine-kosovare","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/en\/opinion\/roli-i-qendrave-te-kujdesit-per-femije-ne-shoqerine-kosovare\/","title":{"rendered":"Roli i qendrave t\u00eb kujdesit p\u00ebr f\u00ebmij\u00eb n\u00eb shoq\u00ebrin\u00eb kosovare"},"content":{"rendered":"
\n

Edukimi parashkollor synon nj\u00eb zhvillim gjith\u00ebp\u00ebrfshir\u00ebs t\u00eb nevojave shoq\u00ebrore, emocionale, dhe fizike t\u00eb f\u00ebmij\u00ebs. Ky nivel i edukimit sjell p\u00ebrfitime afatgjata si p\u00ebr f\u00ebmij\u00ebt ashtu edhe p\u00ebr ekonomin\u00eb; m\u00eb shum\u00eb f\u00ebmij\u00eb q\u00eb ndjekin k\u00ebto institucione, n\u00ebnkupton mes tjerash, zhvillim m\u00eb i madh p\u00ebr f\u00ebmij\u00ebt, zvog\u00eblim t\u00eb rrezikut p\u00ebr varf\u00ebri, balancim i jet\u00ebs dhe rrjedhimisht zhvillim m\u00eb t\u00eb hovsh\u00ebm ekonomik.<\/p>\n

N\u00eb Kosov\u00eb, pjes\u00ebmarrja e f\u00ebmij\u00ebve n\u00eb edukimin parashkollor \u00ebsht\u00eb n\u00eb nivele shqet\u00ebsuese. N\u00eb vitin 2021, vet\u00ebm 6.7% e f\u00ebmij\u00ebve kan\u00eb ndjekur programet parashkollore ndon\u00ebse n\u00eb Planin Strategjik p\u00ebr Arsim (2017-2021), ishte parapar\u00eb q\u00eb deri n\u00eb vitin 2021 t\u00eb p\u00ebrfshiheshin diku n\u00eb 20% e f\u00ebmij\u00ebve t\u00eb mosh\u00ebs 0-5 vje\u00e7\u00a0(MASHTI, 2021)<\/a>. Si shkaktar kryesor p\u00ebr k\u00ebt\u00eb problem vazhdon t\u00eb mbetet mungesa e infrastruktur\u00ebs, investimeve, t\u00eb ardhurave n\u00eb familje si dhe vet\u00ebdij\u00ebsimit.<\/p>\n

Sipas Ministris\u00eb s\u00eb Arsimit Shkenc\u00ebs Teknologjis\u00eb dhe Inovacionit\u00a0(MASHTI)<\/a>, n\u00eb Kosov\u00eb, n\u00eb vitin 2021, jan\u00eb identifikuar vet\u00ebm 44 institucione parashkollore publike dhe 177 private t\u00eb cilat jan\u00eb licencuar dhe rilicencuar. Shumica e k\u00ebtyre institucioneve gjinden n\u00eb Prishtin\u00eb, nd\u00ebrkoh\u00eb q\u00eb n\u00eb qytete t\u00eb tjera numri \u00ebsht\u00eb m\u00eb i vog\u00ebl. P\u00ebr m\u00eb tep\u00ebr, ekzistojn\u00eb edhe nj\u00eb num\u00ebr i qendrave t\u00eb tjera t\u00eb cilat nuk jan\u00eb t\u00eb regjistruara.<\/p>\n

Niveli i ul\u00ebt i f\u00ebmij\u00ebve n\u00eb edukimin parashkollar lidhet me pjes\u00ebmarrjen e ul\u00ebt t\u00eb grave n\u00eb tregun e pun\u00ebs si dhe numrin e vog\u00ebl t\u00eb qendrave t\u00eb kujdesit p\u00ebr f\u00ebmij\u00eb. Bazuar n\u00eb t\u00eb dh\u00ebnat e Agjencis\u00eb s\u00eb Statistikave t\u00eb Kosov\u00ebs\u00a0(ASK)<\/a>, shkalla e papun\u00ebsis\u00eb n\u00eb tremujorin e par\u00eb t\u00eb vitit 2021 tek grat\u00eb vler\u00ebsohet t\u00eb jet\u00eb 29%. Studime t\u00eb shumta mb\u00ebshtesin teorin\u00eb se obligimet familjare kontribuojn\u00eb n\u00eb joaktivitetin e grave. Bazuar n\u00eb anket\u00ebn e realizuar nga Rrjeti i Grupit t\u00eb Grave t\u00eb Kosov\u00ebs\u00a0(RrGGK, 2016),\u00a0<\/a>rreth 91% e grave kan\u00eb deklaruar se n\u00ebse do t\u00eb kishin mund\u00ebsi t’i d\u00ebrgonin f\u00ebmij\u00ebt n\u00eb qend\u00ebr t\u00eb kujdesit, do t\u00eb k\u00ebrkonin pun\u00eb.<\/p>\n

P\u00ebr m\u00eb tep\u00ebr, p\u00ebrderisa arsyet e burrave jan\u00eb kryesisht t\u00eb lidhura me faktor\u00ebt dhe rregullator\u00ebt e tregut (kontratat e kufizuara, mungesa e arsimit\/trajnimit adekuat), grat\u00eb, n\u00eb an\u00ebn tjet\u00ebr kan\u00eb m\u00eb shum\u00eb gjasa t\u00eb raportojn\u00eb obligimet familjare (kujdesi p\u00ebr f\u00ebmij\u00ebt, t\u00eb moshuarit dhe familjar) si arsye ky\u00e7e p\u00ebr joaktivitetin e tyre; ku n\u00eb mesatare, burrat shpenzojn\u00eb vet\u00ebm 2.5 or\u00eb p\u00ebr obligime familjare p\u00ebr dallim nga 7.2 or\u00eb sa shpenzojn\u00eb grat\u00eb (e barasvlershme me pothuajse nj\u00eb orar t\u00eb rregullt pune)\u00a0(MCC, 2018)<\/a>. Ndon\u00ebse kjo pun\u00eb kalon pa u v\u00ebrejtur dhe vler\u00ebsuar, ajo \u00ebsht\u00eb me r\u00ebnd\u00ebsi thelb\u00ebsore p\u00ebr funksionimin e familjes, shoq\u00ebris\u00eb dhe mbar\u00eb ekonomis\u00eb.<\/p>\n

Edukimi i hersh\u00ebm n\u00eb mas\u00eb t\u00eb madhe ndikon zhvillimin e f\u00ebmij\u00ebve. Studimet tregojn\u00eb se gjysma e potencialit t\u00eb intelegjenc\u00ebs s\u00eb personave \u00ebsht\u00eb e zhvilluar deri n\u00eb mosh\u00ebn 4 vje\u00e7are dhe se f\u00ebmij\u00ebria e hershme ka nj\u00eb efekt t\u00eb q\u00ebndruesh\u00ebm n\u00eb kapacitetin e inteligjenc\u00ebs s\u00eb nj\u00eb individi, personalitetit dhe sjelljeve shoq\u00ebrore. F\u00ebmij\u00ebt t\u00eb cil\u00ebt kan\u00eb ndjekur programet parashkollore kan\u00eb m\u00eb shum\u00eb gjasa q\u00eb n\u00eb t\u00eb ardhmen t\u00eb ken\u00eb nivel m\u00eb t\u00eb lart\u00eb t\u00eb arsimit, pun\u00ebsim me status m\u00eb t\u00eb lart\u00eb, t\u00eb ardhura m\u00eb t\u00eb larta si dhe m\u00eb pak shanse p\u00ebr t’u p\u00ebrfshir\u00eb n\u00eb aktivitete kriminale\u00a0(Schweinhart 2007; Sparling, Ramey dhe Ramey 2007)<\/a>.<\/p>\n

P\u00ebr t\u00eb p\u00ebrmir\u00ebsuar qasjen si dhe p\u00ebrfshirjen n\u00eb edukim t\u00eb f\u00ebmij\u00ebris\u00eb t\u00eb hershme, qeveria aktuale synon q\u00eb deri n\u00eb fund t\u00eb vitit 2025 t\u00eb krijohen hapsira t\u00eb mjaftueshme duke i shtuar dhe 160 \u00e7erdhe n\u00eb t\u00eb gjith\u00eb vendin. Kjo gj\u00eb, \u00ebsht\u00eb planifikuar t\u00eb arrihet p\u00ebrmes nd\u00ebrtimit t\u00eb \u00e7erdheve t\u00eb reja, renovimit t\u00eb hap\u00ebsirave shkollore p\u00ebr k\u00ebt\u00eb nivel si dhe ofrimit t\u00eb kushteve preferenciale t\u00eb pages\u00ebs ose lirimit nga pagesa p\u00ebr familjet n\u00eb nevoj\u00eb.<\/p>\n

Duke pasur parasysh vler\u00ebsimet e Objektivave t\u00eb Barcelon\u00ebs t\u00eb Komisionit Evropian (KE), ky vendim \u00ebsht\u00eb mjaft i mir\u00ebpritur. Sipas k\u00ebtij vler\u00ebsimi, nj\u00eb zgjerim i rrjetit t\u00eb kujdesit ndaj f\u00ebmij\u00ebve do t\u00eb mund t\u00eb krijonte t\u00eb pakt\u00ebn 9,989 vende t\u00eb reja t\u00eb pun\u00ebs n\u00eb arsim, gjenerim t\u00eb t\u00eb hyrave prej s\u00eb paku 50.6 milion euro dhe 2 milion euro tatime t\u00eb paguara \u00e7do vit\u00a0(RrGGK, 2016).<\/a><\/p>\n

Investimi n\u00eb edukim t\u00eb hersh\u00ebm duhet t\u00eb b\u00ebhet prioritet; nj\u00eb nivel m\u00eb i lart\u00eb i investimeve jo vet\u00ebm q\u00eb ndihmon f\u00ebmij\u00ebt t\u00eb zhvillojn\u00eb aft\u00ebsi t\u00eb hershme themelore por lejon q\u00eb m\u00eb shum\u00eb prind\u00ebr t\u00eb jen\u00eb aktiv n\u00eb treg t\u00eb pun\u00ebs (ve\u00e7an\u00ebrisht grat\u00eb). Prandaj, duke pasur parasysh kufizimet buxhetore dhe hap\u00ebsirat e kufizuara n\u00eb dispozicion t\u00eb qendrave t\u00eb kujdesit, \u00a0Instituti Riinvest n\u00eb kuad\u00ebr t\u00eb Agjend\u00ebs Nacionale p\u00ebr Fuqizimin Ekonomik t\u00eb Grave ka propozuar disa modele t\u00eb mundshme p\u00ebr rritjen e rrjetit t\u00eb kujdesit p\u00ebr f\u00ebmij\u00eb si\u00e7 jan\u00eb: 1. Zgjerimi i kujdesit publik t\u00eb financuar nga shteti;\u00a0<\/strong>2. Partneritetet Publiko-Private (PPP); 3. Inkurajimi i bashk\u00eb-financimit privat t\u00eb p\u00ebrkujdesjes p\u00ebr f\u00ebmij\u00ebt; 4. Zgjerimi i qendrave t\u00eb kujdesit p\u00ebr f\u00ebmij\u00eb me baz\u00eb n\u00eb komunitet; 5. Subvencionimi i f\u00ebmij\u00ebve n\u00eb \u00e7erdhet privat; 6. Subvencionimi me kupon p\u00ebr prind\u00ebrit e f\u00ebmij\u00ebve 0-6 vje\u00e7;\u00a0<\/strong>dhe 7. Zgjerimi i qendrave t\u00eb kujdesit p\u00ebrmes nd\u00ebrmarrjeve sociale.<\/p>\n

Nga shtat\u00eb modelet e prezantuara, komuna e Prishtin\u00ebs ka deklaruar se do t\u00eb mb\u00ebshtet\u00eb disa nga modelet si\u00e7 jan\u00eb: nd\u00ebrtimi i kopshteve me PPP, subvencionimi me kupon p\u00ebr prind\u00ebrit, dhe inkurajimi i bashk\u00eb-financimit privat. Edhe qeveria ka deklaruar se k\u00ebto rekomandime po gjejn\u00eb zbatim me objektiva dhe aktivitete konkrete n\u00eb projektligjin p\u00ebr edukimin n\u00eb f\u00ebmij\u00ebrin\u00eb e hershme i cili tashm\u00eb ka dalur n\u00eb d\u00ebgjim publik.<\/p>\n

Sigurisht se k\u00ebto modele do t\u00eb mund t\u00eb adaptoheshin bazuar n\u00eb nj\u00eb skenim t\u00eb gjendjes n\u00ebp\u00ebr secil\u00ebn komun\u00eb t\u00eb Kosov\u00ebs. Fjala vjen, meqen\u00ebse n\u00eb Prishtin\u00eb operojn\u00eb nj\u00eb num\u00ebr m\u00eb i madh i \u00e7erdheve, modelet ku subvencionohen f\u00ebmij\u00ebt n\u00eb \u00e7erdhet private do t\u00eb mund t\u00eb ishte zgjidhje m\u00eb e p\u00ebrshtatshme. N\u00eb an\u00ebn tjet\u00ebr, n\u00eb ndonj\u00eb komun\u00eb ku ka munges\u00eb t\u00eb \u00e7erdheve, do t\u00eb mund t\u00eb kombinoheshin dy apo tri nga modelet e sip\u00ebrp\u00ebrmendura var\u00ebsisht nga nevojat dhe specifikat q\u00eb ka komuna.<\/p>\n

N\u00eb vazhdim\u00ebsi t\u00eb k\u00ebsaj, rekomandohet q\u00eb fokusi t\u00eb mos i mungoj cil\u00ebsis\u00eb s\u00eb ofrimit t\u00eb sh\u00ebrbimeve si dhe miratimit t\u00eb standardeve komb\u00ebtare t\u00eb kualifikimit t\u00eb edukator\u00ebve; nj\u00eb edukatore e kualifikuar e cil\u00ebsore implikon edhe zhvillim m\u00eb cil\u00ebsor ndaj f\u00ebmij\u00ebve.<\/p>\n

P\u00ebr m\u00eb tep\u00ebr, rekomandohet t\u00eb krijohen m\u00eb shum\u00eb qendra t\u00eb p\u00ebrballueshme t\u00eb kujdesit dhe t\u00eb implementohen n\u00eb nivel m\u00eb t\u00eb lart\u00eb standardet e zhvillimit, t\u00eb cilat vendosin f\u00ebmij\u00ebt n\u00eb qend\u00ebr pavar\u00ebsisht zhvillimit optimal, gjinis\u00eb, karakteristikave shoq\u00ebrore apo nivelit ekonomik.<\/p>\n

***<\/p>\n

Ky editorial \u00ebsht\u00eb pjes\u00eb e projektit \u201cMb\u00ebshtetje n\u00eb zbatimin e Agjend\u00ebs Komb\u00ebtare p\u00ebr Fuqizimin e Grave p\u00ebrmes p\u00ebrpjekjeve t\u00eb avokimit\u201d, i implementuar nga Instituti Riinvest dhe i mb\u00ebshtetur nga Projekti Human Rightivism, i financuar nga Agjencia Nd\u00ebrkomb\u00ebtare Suedeze p\u00ebr Bashk\u00ebpunim e Zhvillim (SIDA) dhe zbatuar nga Fondi p\u00ebr Zhvillim t\u00eb Komunitetit (CDF).<\/em><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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Edukimi parashkollor synon nj\u00eb zhvillim gjith\u00ebp\u00ebrfshir\u00ebs t\u00eb nevojave shoq\u00ebrore, emocionale, dhe fizike t\u00eb f\u00ebmij\u00ebs. Ky nivel i edukimit sjell p\u00ebrfitime afatgjata si p\u00ebr f\u00ebmij\u00ebt ashtu edhe p\u00ebr ekonomin\u00eb; m\u00eb shum\u00eb f\u00ebmij\u00eb q\u00eb ndjekin k\u00ebto institucione, n\u00ebnkupton mes tjerash, zhvillim m\u00eb i madh p\u00ebr f\u00ebmij\u00ebt, zvog\u00eblim t\u00eb rrezikut p\u00ebr varf\u00ebri, balancim i jet\u00ebs dhe rrjedhimisht zhvillim […]<\/p>","protected":false},"author":110,"featured_media":7963,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[9],"tags":[680],"ppma_author":[130],"class_list":["post-5952","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-opinion","tag-education"],"authors":[{"term_id":130,"user_id":110,"is_guest":0,"slug":"tringe-shkodra","display_name":"Tring\u00eb Shkodra","avatar_url":{"url":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/download-2-6.jpg","url2x":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/download-2-6.jpg"},"user_url":"","last_name":"Shkodra","first_name":"Tring\u00eb","description":"Tring\u00eb Shkodra \u00ebsht\u00eb kandidate p\u00ebr Master n\u00eb Menaxhment n\u00eb Kolegjin Riinvest n\u00eb Prishtin\u00eb. Ajo \u00ebsht\u00eb pjes\u00eb e Institutit Riinvest nga viti 2019, ku mban pozit\u00ebn e asistentes p\u00ebr hulumtime. P\u00ebrvoja e saj n\u00eb Institutin Riinvest \u00ebsht\u00eb n\u00eb shkrimin e raporteve, n\u00eb menaxhimin e projekteve, koordinimin e aktiviteteve t\u00eb projekteve, hartimin e pyet\u00ebsor\u00ebve, organizimin e debateve, konferencave, trajnimeve etj."}],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5952","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/110"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=5952"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5952\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":7992,"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5952\/revisions\/7992"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/7963"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=5952"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=5952"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=5952"},{"taxonomy":"author","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/ppma_author?post=5952"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}