{"id":5956,"date":"2022-02-24T15:55:36","date_gmt":"2022-02-24T13:55:36","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/?p=5956"},"modified":"2024-10-15T15:57:58","modified_gmt":"2024-10-15T13:57:58","slug":"rigjetja-e-rendesise-se-nato-s-si-rezultat-i-agresionit-rus","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/en\/analize\/rigjetja-e-rendesise-se-nato-s-si-rezultat-i-agresionit-rus\/","title":{"rendered":"Rigjetja e r\u00ebnd\u00ebsis\u00eb s\u00eb NATO-s si rezultat i agresionit rus"},"content":{"rendered":"
\n

Organizata e Traktatit t\u00eb Atlantikut Verior (NATO) u themelua m\u00eb 4 prill 1949 n\u00eb Bruksel, Belgjik\u00eb, p\u00ebr t\u00eb ofruar mbrojtje kolektive t\u00eb shteteve an\u00ebtare Per\u00ebndimore nga rreziku i Bashkimit Sovjetik. P\u00ebr kat\u00ebr dekada, p\u00ebrgjat\u00eb periudh\u00ebs s\u00eb njohur si \u201cLufa e Ftoht\u00eb\u201d, NATO sh\u00ebrbeu si garanci p\u00ebr paqen dhe stabilitetin n\u00eb Europ\u00ebn Per\u00ebndimore.<\/p>\n

Pas r\u00ebnies s\u00eb Bashkimit Sovjetik, NATO filloi t\u00eb p\u00ebrballej me kriza t\u00eb ndryshme, t\u00eb jashtme dhe t\u00eb brendshme, dhe dukej se NATO po fillonte t\u00eb humbte q\u00eblimin, mir\u00ebpo misionet n\u00eb Jugosllavi d\u00ebshmuan t\u00eb kund\u00ebrt\u00ebn. Gjat\u00eb viteve t\u00eb fundit, organizata u kritikua nga vet an\u00ebtar\u00ebt e saj se po p\u00ebrjetonte \u201cvdekje t\u00eb trurit\u201d apo se ishte \u201cvjetruar\u201d (Obsolete), por kriza e fundit n\u00eb Ukrain\u00eb hodhi n\u00eb pah r\u00ebnd\u00ebsin\u00eb q\u00eb ka Aleanca.<\/p>\n

Vendimi i fundit i presidentit rus, Vladimir Putin, p\u00ebr t\u00eb njohur rajonet separatiste t\u00eb Donetsk dhe Luhansk dhe d\u00ebrgimin e trupave ruse atje duket se ua rikujtoi vendeve Per\u00ebndimore r\u00ebnd\u00ebsin\u00eb e NATO-s. Thellimi i kriz\u00ebs n\u00eb Ukrain\u00eb ka krijuar nj\u00eb mund\u00ebsi t\u00eb art\u00eb p\u00ebr Aleanc\u00ebn ushtarake m\u00eb t\u00eb fuqishme n\u00eb bot\u00eb q\u00eb ta rigjej vetveten shtat\u00eb dekada pas themelimit t\u00eb saj.<\/p>\n

Ekzistenca e Aleanc\u00ebs n\u00eb munges\u00eb rreziku<\/strong><\/p>\n

N\u00eb vitin 1989, sakt\u00ebsisht 40 vite pas themelimit t\u00eb NATO-s, Bashkimi Sovjetik kolapsoi duke p\u00ebrfunduar epok\u00ebn bipolare mes Shteteve t\u00eb Bashkuara t\u00eb Amerik\u00ebs dhe Bashkimit Sovjetik. Si rezultat, u shfaq\u00ebn 15 shtete t\u00eb reja n\u00eb Europ\u00ebn Lindore, Kaukaz dhe Azin\u00eb Qendrore.<\/p>\n

N\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb moment, njoh\u00ebs t\u00eb marr\u00ebdh\u00ebnieve nd\u00ebrkomb\u00ebtare supozuan se NATO do t\u00eb shp\u00ebrb\u00ebhej n\u00eb munges\u00eb t\u00eb k\u00ebrc\u00ebnimit Sovjetik. Mbi t\u00eb gjitha, logjika diktonte se ekzistenca e nj\u00eb aleance ushtarake varej nga prezenca e armiqve dhe rrezikut potencial. Profesori i mir\u00ebnjohur i marr\u00ebdh\u00ebnieve nd\u00ebrkomb\u00ebtare, Kenneth Waltz,\u00a0wrote<\/a>\u00a0n\u00eb vitin 1993 se “dit\u00ebt e NATO-s nuk jan\u00eb t\u00eb num\u00ebruara, por vitet po.\u201d<\/p>\n

Pavar\u00ebsisht munges\u00ebs s\u00eb rrezikut eventual, misionet e NATO-s n\u00eb Jugosllavi d\u00ebshmuan se Aleanca ishte nj\u00eb model bashk\u00ebpunimi p\u00ebr shtetet an\u00ebtare dhe garanci p\u00ebr stabilitetin dhe paqen n\u00eb Europ\u00eb. Intervenimi n\u00eb Kosov\u00eb ishte nj\u00eb prov\u00eb pozitive se NATO-ja ende kishte r\u00ebnd\u00ebsi. Franca, e cila ishte t\u00ebrhequr nga Aleanca n\u00eb vitin 1966, njoftoi se do t\u00eb kthehej p\u00ebrs\u00ebri.<\/p>\n

N\u00eb dekad\u00ebn e fundit t\u00eb shekullit 20, Europa Lindore filloi procesin e transformimit, nga nj\u00eb regjim totalitar dhe socialist, drejt demokracis\u00eb, ekonomis\u00eb s\u00eb tregut t\u00eb lir\u00eb dhe kapitalizmit. Paralelisht, ish-republikat e Bashkimit Sovjetik n\u00eb Europ\u00ebn Lindore filluan procesin e integrimit euro-atlantik, p\u00ebrkat\u00ebsisht integrimin n\u00eb Bashkimin Europian dhe NATO.<\/p>\n

N\u00eb vitin 2004, Europa p\u00ebrjetoi zgjerimin m\u00eb t\u00eb madh t\u00eb BE-s\u00eb dhe NATO-s, t\u00eb njohur ndryshe si \u201cbig bang\u201d. Dhjet\u00eb shtete (Polonia, Hungaria, \u00c7ekia, Sllovakia, Sllovenia, Lituania, Letonia, Estonia, Malta dhe Qipro) iu bashk\u00ebngjit\u00ebn BE-s\u00eb, nd\u00ebrsa shtat\u00eb shtete u b\u00ebn\u00eb an\u00ebtare t\u00eb NATO-s (Bullgaria, Estonia, Letonia, Lituania, Rumania, Sllovakia dhe Sllovenia).<\/p>\n

Agresoni rus dhe efekti Trump<\/strong><\/p>\n

Mes euforis\u00eb s\u00eb integrimit euro-atlantik dhe konsolidimit demokratik n\u00eb Europ\u00eb, n\u00eb vitin 2008 NATO\u00a0deklaroi<\/a>\u00a0se do t\u2019i ofronte an\u00ebtar\u00ebsim Gjeorgjis\u00eb dhe Ukrain\u00ebs. Rusia, e cila p\u00ebr vite me rradh\u00eb po mirrte veten nga plag\u00ebt e shkaktuara nga kolapsi i Bashkimit Sovjetik, e konsideroi k\u00ebt\u00eb l\u00ebvizje t\u00eb NATO-s si rrezik direkt ndaj siguris\u00eb s\u00eb saj, dhe si kund\u00ebrp\u00ebrgjigje, vendosi t\u00eb pushtoj\u00eb pjes\u00eb t\u00eb territorit t\u00eb Gjeorgjis\u00eb (2008) dhe t\u00eb Ukrain\u00ebs (2014).<\/p>\n

Shtetet an\u00ebtare t\u00eb NATO-s ngel\u00ebn t\u00eb pap\u00ebrgaditura dhe nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb se krijuan nj\u00eb kund\u00ebrp\u00ebrgjigje t\u00eb fuqishme ndaj agresionit rus. Sanksionet e Per\u00ebndimit dhe reagimet politike nuk arrit\u00ebn ta zmrapsin Rusin\u00eb e Vladimir Putin. Rjedhimisht, situata vazhdoi t\u00eb mbetej e nj\u00ebjt\u00eb dhe dukej se t\u00eb dyja pal\u00ebt ishin dakord me status kuon\u00eb e krijuar.<\/p>\n

N\u00eb vitin 2016 ndodh e papritura n\u00eb zgjedhjet presidenciale n\u00eb ShBA. Kandidati m\u00eb i pazakont\u00eb, Donald Trump, zgjedhet president i ri i vendit. Trump filloi t\u00eb kritikonte shtetet an\u00ebtare t\u00eb NATO-s p\u00ebr shpenzimet e ulta n\u00eb mbrojtje. Shumica e vendeve nuk arrinin norm\u00ebn prej 2% t\u00eb shpenzimeve t\u00eb Produktit t\u00eb Brendsh\u00ebm Bruto (GDP) n\u00eb mbrojtje, si\u00e7 parashihet n\u00eb udh\u00ebzimet e NATO-s.<\/p>\n

Trump shtoi skepticiz\u00ebm dhe pasiguri mes shteteve an\u00ebtare duke\u00a0said<\/a>\u00a0se ShBA-t\u00eb nuk kan\u00eb pse rrezikojn\u00eb ushtar\u00ebt e tyre p\u00ebr t\u00eb mbrojtur nj\u00eb shtet sikurse Mali i Zi, shtetin m\u00eb t\u00eb ri t\u00eb NATO-s n\u00eb koh\u00ebn kur u tha deklarata m\u00eb 2018. Trump gjithashtu kritikoi NATO-n duke e etiketuar at\u00eb si \u201ct\u00eb vjetruar\u201d (Obsolete). Tutje, n\u00eb nj\u00eb prej intervistave t\u00eb tij kontraverse, Trump e\u00a0cil\u00ebsoi<\/a>\u00a0presidentin rus, Vladimir Putin, si nj\u00eb \u201clider t\u00eb fuqish\u00ebm\u201d.<\/p>\n

Mes skepticizmit t\u00eb shtuar, shtetet europiane filluan t\u00eb diskutonin p\u00ebr alternativa t\u00eb tjera. presidenti francez, Emmanuel Macron, vler\u00ebsoi se Aleanca po\u00a0p\u00ebrjetonte<\/a>\u00a0\u201cvdekje t\u00eb trurit\u201d, dhe se europian\u00ebt nuk do t\u00eb mund t\u00eb mb\u00ebshteteshin m\u00eb n\u00eb ShBA-t\u00eb n\u00eb fush\u00ebn e siguris\u00eb. Macron propozi q\u00eb Europa t\u00eb themelonte nj\u00eb ushtri t\u00eb p\u00ebrbashk\u00ebt europiane.<\/p>\n

N\u00eb fund t\u00eb vitit 2020, Trump humbi zgjedhjet presidenciale dhe n\u00eb krye t\u00eb ShBA-s\u00eb erdhi Joe Biden, i cili premtoi se do t\u00eb punonte n\u00eb renovimin dhe thellimin e marr\u00ebdh\u00ebnieve transatlantike si kurr\u00eb m\u00eb par\u00eb. Megjithat\u00eb, rreziku nga agresioni rus vazhdoi t\u00eb mbetej evident dhe d\u00ebmi q\u00eb kishte shkaktuar Trump do t\u00eb ishte i v\u00ebshtir\u00eb t\u00eb sanohej.<\/p>\n

Nxitja q\u00eb i duhej NATO-s<\/strong><\/p>\n

L\u00ebvizja e trupave ruse n\u00eb kufi me Ukrain\u00ebn p\u00ebrgjat\u00eb vitit 2021 dhe rritja masive e trupave dhe artileris\u00eb s\u00eb r\u00ebnd\u00eb n\u00eb fillim t\u00eb vitit 2022 filloi t\u2019i ndryshonte gj\u00ebrat. Kriza n\u00eb Ukrain\u00eb kulminoi me vendimin e Kremlinit zyrtar p\u00ebr t\u00eb njohur pavar\u00ebsin\u00eb e rajoneve separatiste t\u00eb Donetsk dhe Luhansk, si dhe d\u00ebrgimin e trupave ruse atje. Nga e gjith\u00eb kjo rr\u00ebmuj\u00eb dhe pasiguri e krijuar, frika konstante nga agresioni rus i ka sh\u00ebrbyer NATO-s pozitivisht dhe duket se kjo ishte shtytja e duhur qe i duhej NATO-s.<\/p>\n

N\u00eb jav\u00ebt e fundit pati shum\u00eb l\u00ebvizje dhe bashk\u00ebpunim nga shtetet an\u00ebtare t\u00eb NATO-s. Mij\u00ebra trupa amerikane\u00a0zbarkuan<\/a>\u00a0n\u00eb Poloni, Rumani dhe shtetet baltike, duket forcuar krahun lindor t\u00eb NATO-s. ShBA-t\u00eb dhe Mbret\u00ebria e Bashkuar furnizonin Ukrain\u00ebn me armatim, nd\u00ebrsa Gjermania dhe Franca tentonin t\u00eb gjenin nj\u00eb rrug\u00ebdalje diplomatike.<\/p>\n

N\u00eb koh\u00ebn kur kemi nj\u00eb rikthim t\u00eb konkurrenc\u00ebs gjeopolitike mes fuqive t\u00eb m\u00ebdha n\u00eb terma ushtarak, duket se NATO po e rigjen vetveten. N\u00ebse p\u00ebrgjat\u00eb kat\u00ebr viteve t\u00eb fundit Aleanca e udh\u00ebhequr nga ShBA-t\u00eb konsiderohej se kishte humbur r\u00ebnd\u00ebsin\u00eb e saj dhe se po p\u00ebrjetonte \u201cvdekje t\u00eb trurit\u201d, armiq\u00ebsia me Putin duket se e ka kthyer NATO-n n\u00eb epiqendr\u00ebn e arkitektur\u00ebs s\u00eb siguris\u00eb n\u00eb Europ\u00eb.<\/p>\n

Paradoksalisht, situata e krijuar n\u00eb Ukrain\u00eb mund t\u00eb ndikoj\u00eb pozitivisht n\u00eb Ballkanin Per\u00ebndimor, rajoni i vet\u00ebm n\u00eb Europ\u00eb (duke p\u00ebrjashtuar Europ\u00ebn Lindore) ku Rusia ka potencial p\u00ebr ndikim. P\u00ebr momentin jan\u00eb vet\u00ebm tre shtete n\u00eb rajon t\u00eb cilat nuk jan\u00eb an\u00ebtare t\u00eb NATO-s: Bosnja dhe Hercegovina, Kosova dhe Serbia. P\u00ebrderisa Serbia nuk e ka n\u00eb plan an\u00ebtar\u00ebsimin n\u00eb NATO, Bosnja dhe Kosova kan\u00eb p\u00ebr synim integrimin n\u00eb Aleanc\u00eb. Rrethanat e krijuara n\u00eb Ukrain\u00eb dhe rreziku nga rritja potenciale e ndikimit rus n\u00eb Ballkanin Per\u00ebndimor mund t\u00eb p\u00ebrshpejtoj\u00eb p\u00ebrpjekjet p\u00ebr an\u00ebtar\u00ebsimin e Bosnj\u00ebs dhe Kosov\u00ebs n\u00eb NATO.<\/p>\n

Si p\u00ebrfundim, rreziku nga agresioni rus ka krijuar nj\u00eb front t\u00eb bashkuar mes aleat\u00ebve Per\u00ebndimor\u00eb. Megjith\u00eb kritikat dhe skepticizmin e viteve t\u00eb fundit, duket se NATO po e rigjen vetveten. M\u00eb e r\u00ebnd\u00ebsishmja, NATO po tregon se vazhdon t\u00eb mbetet \u00e7el\u00ebsi i stabilitetit dhe paqes n\u00eb Europ\u00eb, shtat\u00eb dekada pas themelimit t\u00eb saj.<\/p>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Organizata e Traktatit t\u00eb Atlantikut Verior (NATO) u themelua m\u00eb 4 prill 1949 n\u00eb Bruksel, Belgjik\u00eb, p\u00ebr t\u00eb ofruar mbrojtje kolektive t\u00eb shteteve an\u00ebtare Per\u00ebndimore nga rreziku i Bashkimit Sovjetik. P\u00ebr kat\u00ebr dekada, p\u00ebrgjat\u00eb periudh\u00ebs s\u00eb njohur si \u201cLufa e Ftoht\u00eb\u201d, NATO sh\u00ebrbeu si garanci p\u00ebr paqen dhe stabilitetin n\u00eb Europ\u00ebn Per\u00ebndimore. Pas r\u00ebnies s\u00eb […]<\/p>","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":8371,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[13],"tags":[637,1000,1117],"ppma_author":[20],"class_list":["post-5956","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-analize","tag-nato","tag-politike-e-jashtme","tag-rusi"],"authors":[{"term_id":20,"user_id":4,"is_guest":0,"slug":"visar","display_name":"Visar Xhambazi","avatar_url":{"url":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/Visar-Xhambazi_Headshot-scaled-1-e1778848717235.jpg","url2x":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/Visar-Xhambazi_Headshot-scaled-1-e1778848717235.jpg"},"user_url":"","last_name":"Xhambazi","first_name":"Visar","description":""}],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5956","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/4"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=5956"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5956\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":8372,"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5956\/revisions\/8372"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/8371"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=5956"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=5956"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=5956"},{"taxonomy":"author","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/ppma_author?post=5956"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}