{"id":6146,"date":"2021-10-20T15:47:35","date_gmt":"2021-10-20T13:47:35","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/?p=6146"},"modified":"2024-10-09T15:35:06","modified_gmt":"2024-10-09T13:35:06","slug":"marreveshja-trelaterale-e-mbrojtjes-aukus-dhe-baraspesha-e-kercenimit-i","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/en\/analize\/marreveshja-trelaterale-e-mbrojtjes-aukus-dhe-baraspesha-e-kercenimit-i\/","title":{"rendered":"Marr\u00ebveshja trelaterale e mbrojtjes \u201cAukus\u201d dhe baraspesha e k\u00ebrc\u00ebnimit (I)"},"content":{"rendered":"
\n

Marr\u00ebveshja trelaterale e mbrojtjes e arritur n\u00eb mes t\u00eb ShBA-s\u00eb, Britanis\u00eb s\u00eb Madhe dhe Australis\u00eb \u2013 e njohur me shkurtes\u00ebn AUKUS \u2013 shp\u00ebrfaq, n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb t\u00eb qart\u00eb dhe paekuivoke, faktin se politika e baraspesh\u00ebs s\u00eb fuqis\u00eb\/baraspesh\u00ebs s\u00eb k\u00ebrc\u00ebnimit \u00ebsht\u00eb rikthyer si parim kryesor i sjelljes s\u00eb shteteve n\u00eb politiken nd\u00ebrkomb\u00ebtare dhe, n\u00eb t\u00eb nj\u00ebjt\u00ebn koh\u00eb, rikonfirmon postulatin neorealist se, n\u00eb secil\u00ebn rrethan\u00eb, siguria \u00ebsht\u00eb m\u00eb e r\u00ebnd\u00ebsishme p\u00ebr shtetet sesa ekonomia.<\/p>\n

Andaj, me ndryshimet n\u00eb sistemin nd\u00ebrkomb\u00ebtar dhe rikalibrimin e balanc\u00ebs s\u00eb fuqis\u00eb, duket se shtetet do t\u00eb jen\u00eb t\u00eb detyruara t\u2019i rishikojn\u00eb aleancat e tyre \u2013 n\u00eb shum\u00eb raste duke i rikonfirmuar e riforcuar ato, por n\u00eb t\u00eb tjera raste edhe duke i modifikuar n\u00eb p\u00ebrputhje me interesat nacional\u00eb \u2013 dhe t\u00eb zgjedhin n\u00eb mes t\u00eb interesave ekonomik\u00eb dhe atyre t\u00eb siguris\u00eb. N\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb drejtim, Australia me n\u00ebnshkrimin e marr\u00ebveshjeve trepal\u00ebshe p\u00ebr nd\u00ebrtimin e n\u00ebndet\u00ebseve me energji b\u00ebrthamore, u p\u00ebrcaktua q\u00eb t\u2019i jap\u00eb prioritet siguris\u00eb p\u00ebrpara prosperitetit ekonomik.<\/p>\n

Vet\u00ebm kat\u00ebr dit\u00eb nga t\u00ebrheqja p\u00ebrfundimtare e trupave ushtarak\u00eb e civil\u00eb amerikan\u00eb nga Afganistani \u2013 pas nj\u00eb q\u00ebndrimi nj\u00ebzetvje\u00e7ar \u2013 m\u00eb 15 shtator t\u00eb k\u00ebtij viti, ShBA-ja, Britania e Madhe dhe Australia njoftuan arritjen e nj\u00eb pakti dhe fillimin e nj\u00eb partneriteti t\u00eb ri t\u00eb siguris\u00eb. N\u00eb fakt, aleanca n\u00eb mes t\u00eb k\u00ebtyre shteteve nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb gj\u00eb e re. T\u00eb tria k\u00ebto vende jan\u00eb partnere dhe aleate t\u00eb ngushta p\u00ebr shum\u00eb koh\u00eb. Por, relevanca e k\u00ebsaj marr\u00ebveshjeje t\u00eb re rritet p\u00ebr shkak se n\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb rast b\u00ebhet fjal\u00eb p\u00ebr nj\u00eb p\u00ebrpjekje t\u00eb p\u00ebrbashk\u00ebt p\u00ebr t\u00eb pajisur Australin\u00eb me teknologjin\u00eb e nevojshme p\u00ebr nd\u00ebrtimin e n\u00ebndet\u00ebseve me energji b\u00ebrthamore. P\u00ebrve\u00e7 k\u00ebsaj, lider\u00ebt e k\u00ebtyre shteteve \u2013 presidenti i ShBA-s\u00eb, Joe Biden, kryeministri i Australis\u00eb, Scott Morrison, dhe kryeministri britanik, Boris Jonson, ravij\u00ebzuan planet p\u00ebr t\u00eb ardhmen me q\u00ebllim t\u00eb thellimit t\u00eb bashk\u00ebpunimit, duke u zotuar q\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb partneritet do ta zgjerojn\u00eb tutje edhe n\u00eb fusha si: siguria kibernetike, inteligjenca artificiale, teknologjit\u00eb kuantike dhe n\u00eb ngritjen e \u201ckapaciteteve tjera n\u00ebnujore<\/a>\u201d si\u00e7 jan\u00eb sensor\u00ebt dhe dron\u00ebt n\u00ebnujor\u00eb.<\/p>\n

Duhet theksuar se jo shum\u00eb shtete n\u00eb bot\u00eb kan\u00eb n\u00eb posedim n\u00ebndet\u00ebse t\u00eb k\u00ebtij lloji. N\u00eb fakt, me k\u00ebt\u00eb marr\u00ebveshje, Australia pritet t\u00eb b\u00ebhet vet\u00ebm shteti i shtat\u00eb n\u00eb nivel global q\u00eb posedon k\u00ebt\u00eb teknologji. Gjasht\u00eb shtetet e tjera q\u00eb tashm\u00eb kan\u00eb n\u00ebndet\u00ebse me energji b\u00ebrthamore si pjes\u00eb e flotave t\u00eb tyre jan\u00eb: ShBA-ja, Kina, Britania e Madhe Franca, India dhe Rusia. Jo rast\u00ebsisht, t\u00eb gjitha k\u00ebto vende jan\u00eb gjithashtu edhe fuqi b\u00ebrthamore. Po ashtu, duhet t\u00eb p\u00ebrmendet fakti se kjo nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb marr\u00ebveshje e zakonshme q\u00eb b\u00ebhet r\u00ebndom nga shtetet e fuqishme.<\/p>\n

N\u00eb fakt, p\u00ebrpara k\u00ebtij rasti, vet\u00ebm nj\u00eb her\u00eb gjat\u00eb\u00a0historis\u00eb<\/a>\u00a0ShBA-ja \u00ebsht\u00eb angazhuar q\u00eb t\u00eb mb\u00ebshtes\u00eb nj\u00eb vend tjet\u00ebr, duke i ofruar n\u00eb dispozicion teknologjin\u00eb e fundit superiore, me q\u00ebllim t\u00eb nd\u00ebrtimit t\u00eb kapaciteteve p\u00ebr n\u00ebndet\u00ebse me energji b\u00ebrthamore. Ky rast ishte\u00a0para 63 vjet\u00ebsh<\/a>\u00a0kur ShBA-ja kishte ndihmuar Marin\u00ebn Mbret\u00ebrore t\u00eb Britanis\u00eb s\u00eb Madhe q\u00eb t\u00eb b\u00ebhej b\u00ebrthamore. Ky me AUKUS-in \u00ebsht\u00eb rasti i dyt\u00eb kur nd\u00ebrmerret nj\u00eb vendim i till\u00eb dramatik me efekte jo t\u00eb vogla gjeostrategjike.<\/p>\n

Ky pakt trelateral i siguris\u00eb, p\u00ebrve\u00e7q\u00eb p\u00ebrforcoi aleanc\u00ebn n\u00eb mes t\u00eb shteteve partnere t\u00eb p\u00ebrfshira, ndikoi edhe n\u00eb ndryshimin e marr\u00ebveshjeve t\u00eb tjera paraprake q\u00eb Australia kishte n\u00eb fush\u00ebn e nd\u00ebrtimin t\u00eb n\u00ebndet\u00ebseve. N\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb drejtim, reagimi i par\u00eb dhe tejet agresiv kundrejt k\u00ebsaj aleance nuk arriti nga vendet e rajonit, duke p\u00ebrfshir\u00eb k\u00ebtu edhe Kin\u00ebn, por erdhi nga Franca \u2013 shtet aleat i t\u00eb tri shteteve t\u00eb p\u00ebrfshira n\u00eb marr\u00ebveshje. Zem\u00ebrimi i tyre ishte aq i pap\u00ebrmbajtsh\u00ebm sa mund t\u00eb konsiderohet edhe si jodiplomatik.<\/p>\n

Ministri i Jasht\u00ebm i Franc\u00ebs, Jean-Yves Le Drian, akuzoi Australin\u00eb p\u00ebr goditje me \u201cthik\u00eb pas shpine<\/a>\u201d dhe p\u00ebr marrjen e nj\u00eb \u201cvendimi unilateral, brutal dhe t\u00eb paparashikuesh\u00ebm\u201d, veprim i cili u pasua me\u00a0t\u00ebrheqjen e ambasador\u00ebve<\/a>\u00a0nga ShBA-ja dhe Australia, por jo edhe nga Britania e Madhe. Arsyeja primare e k\u00ebtij reagimi buron nga fakti se m\u00eb 2016 Australia kishte n\u00ebnshkruar me Franc\u00ebn nj\u00eb kontrat\u00eb p\u00ebr nd\u00ebrtimin e 12 n\u00ebndet\u00ebseve me naft\u00eb. P\u00ebr ironi, n\u00eb dit\u00ebn e shpalljes s\u00eb marr\u00ebveshjes trelaterale AUKUS, sipas ministrit francez t\u00eb Mbrojtjes, Australia kishte njoftuar Franc\u00ebn se ishte mjaft e k\u00ebnaqur me progresin q\u00eb po arrihej n\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb program t\u00eb p\u00ebrbashk\u00ebt. Pak or\u00eb pas k\u00ebtij komunikimi, me b\u00ebrjen publike t\u00eb aleanc\u00ebs strategjike nga tre lider\u00ebt shtet\u00ebror\u00eb t\u00eb ShBA-s\u00eb, BM dhe Australis\u00eb, projekti me Franc\u00ebn tashm\u00eb ishte i \u201cvdekur\u201d.<\/p>\n

Balancimi i k\u00ebrc\u00ebnimit<\/strong><\/p>\n

N\u00eb marr\u00ebveshjen trelaterale \u2013 shprehimisht dhe n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb eksplicite \u2013 askund nuk thuhet se \u00ebsht\u00eb e orientuar kund\u00ebr Kin\u00ebs dhe balancimit t\u00eb fuqis\u00eb s\u00eb saj. Megjithat\u00eb, p\u00ebr lexuesit e v\u00ebmendsh\u00ebm t\u00eb sjelljes s\u00eb shteteve n\u00eb aren\u00ebn nd\u00ebrkomb\u00ebtare \u00ebsht\u00eb fare e qart\u00eb se kjo \u00ebsht\u00eb l\u00ebvizje politike synon t\u00eb konsolidoj\u00eb aleancat me shtetet e rajonit n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb q\u00eb t\u2019i pamund\u00ebsohet Kin\u00ebs t\u00eb shnd\u00ebrrohet nga nj\u00eb fuqi ekonomike e teknologjike, n\u00eb nj\u00eb hegjemon gjeopolitik rajonal.<\/p>\n

\u00cbsht\u00eb e kuptueshme se zyrtar\u00ebt dhe strategjist\u00ebt kinez\u00eb i kishin diktuar me koh\u00eb k\u00ebto l\u00ebvizje t\u00eb ShBA-s\u00eb dhe shteteve partnere t\u00eb saj. N\u00eb fakt, Kina gjithmon\u00eb ka besuar n\u00eb iden\u00eb se rrjeti i aleancave globale t\u00eb nd\u00ebrtuara nga ShBA-ja n\u00eb t\u00eb v\u00ebrtet\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb thjesht nj\u00eb mbules\u00eb p\u00ebr, si\u00e7 deklarojn\u00eb ata, hegjemonin\u00eb e saj n\u00eb nivel global. Andaj, n\u00ebse udh\u00ebheq\u00ebsit amerikan\u00eb shprehen me fjal\u00eb t\u00eb \u00ebmbla dhe me eleganc\u00eb t\u00eb st\u00ebrholluar diplomatike, duke e n\u00ebnvizuar faktin se angazhimi i tyre \u00ebsht\u00eb i fokusuar n\u00eb drejtim t\u00eb\u00a0 promovimit t\u00eb vlerave dhe parimeve universale, apo mbrojtjes s\u00eb shteteve aleate dhe n\u00eb t\u00eb nj\u00ebjt\u00ebn koh\u00eb kund\u00ebrshtimit t\u00eb \u201cp\u00ebrpjekjeve t\u00eb vendeve t\u00eb fuqishme p\u00ebr t\u00eb dominuar ato m\u00eb t\u00eb dob\u00ebta\u201d, si\u00e7 b\u00ebri presidenti\u00a0Joe Biden<\/a>\u00a0n\u00eb fjalimin e tij t\u00eb mbajtur n\u00eb Asamblen\u00eb e P\u00ebrgjithshme t\u00eb Kombeve t\u00eb Bashkuara me 21 shtator, kjo n\u00eb t\u00eb v\u00ebrtet\u00eb n\u00ebnkupton thjesht intensifikimin e gar\u00ebs strategjike t\u00eb ShBA-s\u00eb me q\u00ebllime\u00a0puro<\/em>\u00a0gjeopolitike.<\/p>\n

N\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb kontekst,\u00a0z\u00ebdh\u00ebn\u00ebsi i Qeveris\u00eb Kineze<\/a>, Zhao Lijian, duke komentuar marr\u00ebveshjen trelaterale, ishte shprehur se bashk\u00ebpunimi p\u00ebr nd\u00ebrtimin e n\u00ebndet\u00ebseve me energji b\u00ebrthamore p\u00ebr Australin\u00eb e ka \u201cminuar seriozisht paqen dhe stabilitetin rajonal, ka intensifikuar gar\u00ebn e armatimit dhe ka tronditur n\u00eb themel p\u00ebrpjekjet nd\u00ebrkomb\u00ebtare p\u00ebr mosp\u00ebrhapjen e arm\u00ebve b\u00ebrthamore\u201d.<\/p>\n

N\u00eb an\u00ebn tjet\u00ebr, ambasadori i Kin\u00ebs n\u00eb\u00a0Agjencin\u00eb Nd\u00ebrkomb\u00ebtare t\u00eb Energjis\u00eb Atomike<\/a>\u00a0(organizat\u00eb nd\u00ebrkomb\u00ebtare kjo q\u00eb synon t\u00eb promovoj\u00eb p\u00ebrdorimin paq\u00ebsor t\u00eb energjis\u00eb b\u00ebrthamore dhe t\u00eb ndaloj\u00eb p\u00ebrdorimin e saj p\u00ebr q\u00ebllime ushtarake) akuzoi ShBA-n\u00eb p\u00ebr veprimet e nd\u00ebrmarra q\u00eb t\u00eb transferoj\u00eb \u201cnjohurit\u00eb e teknologjis\u00eb b\u00ebrthamore\u201d tek Australia. Kjo gj\u00eb, sipas tij, minon t\u00ebr\u00ebsisht parimin e mosp\u00ebrhapjes s\u00eb arm\u00ebve b\u00ebrthamore dhe, n\u00eb t\u00eb nj\u00ebjt\u00ebn koh\u00eb, stimulon dhe motivon vendet tjera, si Irani apo Koreja e Veriut, q\u00eb kan\u00eb interesa dhe synime strategjike, q\u00eb t\u00eb intensifikojn\u00eb p\u00ebrpjekjet p\u00ebr t\u00eb arritur q\u00ebllimet shum\u00ebvje\u00e7are p\u00ebr sigurimin e teknologjis\u00eb s\u00eb nevojshme p\u00ebr t\u00eb zhvilluar dhe poseduar arm\u00eb b\u00ebrthamore.<\/p>\n

N\u00eb t\u00eb v\u00ebrtet\u00eb,\u00a0Traktati i Mosp\u00ebrhapjes B\u00ebrthamore<\/a>\u00a0(NTP) u ndalon vendeve n\u00ebnshkruese q\u00eb nuk kan\u00eb ende nj\u00eb bomb\u00eb t\u00eb nd\u00ebrtojn\u00eb nj\u00eb t\u00eb till\u00eb. N\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb traktat gjithashtu theksohet se materiali b\u00ebrthamor i ndjesh\u00ebm, si uraniumi i pasuruar, duhet t\u00eb vihet n\u00ebn mbrojtje dhe mbik\u00ebqyrje nd\u00ebrkomb\u00ebtare t\u00eb monitoruar n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb strikte nga Agjencia Nd\u00ebrkomb\u00ebtare e Energjis\u00eb Atomike. Por, duket se n\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb drejtim ekzistojn\u00eb hap\u00ebsira legale sa u p\u00ebrket n\u00ebndet\u00ebseve. Shteteve u lejohet q\u00eb t\u00eb operojn\u00eb dhe l\u00ebvizin materialin b\u00ebrthamor, n\u00eb p\u00ebrputhje me normat q\u00eb dalin nga traktatet nd\u00ebrkomb\u00ebtare, n\u00ebse i nj\u00ebjti p\u00ebrdoret p\u00ebr \u201cveprimtari ushtarake t\u00eb ndaluar<\/a>\u201d, si\u00e7 \u00ebsht\u00eb p\u00ebrdorimi p\u00ebr t\u00eb v\u00ebn\u00eb n\u00eb l\u00ebvizje nj\u00eb n\u00ebndet\u00ebse. S\u00eb k\u00ebndejmi, arritja e k\u00ebsaj marr\u00ebveshjeje trelaterale n\u00eb fakt \u00ebsht\u00eb hera e par\u00eb kur nj\u00eb shtet si Australia, i cili nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb n\u00eb posedim t\u00eb armeve b\u00ebrthamore, e shfryt\u00ebzon k\u00ebt\u00eb vakum n\u00eb normat nd\u00ebrkomb\u00ebtare dhe p\u00ebrfiton materialin b\u00ebrthamor p\u00ebr n\u00ebndet\u00ebse.<\/p>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Marr\u00ebveshja trelaterale e mbrojtjes e arritur n\u00eb mes t\u00eb ShBA-s\u00eb, Britanis\u00eb s\u00eb Madhe dhe Australis\u00eb \u2013 e njohur me shkurtes\u00ebn AUKUS \u2013 shp\u00ebrfaq, n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb t\u00eb qart\u00eb dhe paekuivoke, faktin se politika e baraspesh\u00ebs s\u00eb fuqis\u00eb\/baraspesh\u00ebs s\u00eb k\u00ebrc\u00ebnimit \u00ebsht\u00eb rikthyer si parim kryesor i sjelljes s\u00eb shteteve n\u00eb politiken nd\u00ebrkomb\u00ebtare dhe, n\u00eb t\u00eb nj\u00ebjt\u00ebn koh\u00eb, […]<\/p>","protected":false},"author":402,"featured_media":8148,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[13],"tags":[1234,998],"ppma_author":[688],"class_list":["post-6146","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-analize","tag-aukus","tag-politike"],"authors":[{"term_id":688,"user_id":402,"is_guest":0,"slug":"alfred-marleku","display_name":"Alfred Marleku","avatar_url":{"url":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/IMG_0067-min-scaled-1-e1725456797811.jpg","url2x":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/IMG_0067-min-scaled-1-e1725456797811.jpg"},"user_url":"","last_name":"Marleku","first_name":"Alfred","description":"Alfred Marleku ka p\u00ebrfunduar studimet bachelor, master dhe ato t\u00eb doktorat\u00ebs n\u00eb shkenca politike. Aktualisht \u00ebsht\u00eb ligj\u00ebrues n\u00eb Kolegjin \u201cUBT\u201d, Fakultetin e Shkencave Politike.\r\n\r\nP\u00ebr shum\u00eb vjet ka punuar si menaxher i projekteve t\u00eb ndryshme t\u00eb financuara nga Komisioni Evropian, USAID-i, Ambasada Amerikane etj., t\u00eb cilat fokusohen, kryesisht, n\u00eb reformat e arsimit t\u00eb lart\u00eb n\u00eb Kosov\u00eb, ve\u00e7an\u00ebrisht n\u00eb k\u00ebrkim dhe zhvillim (R&D); kthimin e trurit; zhvillimin e plan-programeve n\u00eb harmoni me nevojat e tregut etj. P\u00ebrve\u00e7 k\u00ebsaj, p\u00ebr nj\u00eb koh\u00eb ka qen\u00eb i angazhuar edhe n\u00eb sektorin publik si k\u00ebshilltar politik n\u00eb fush\u00ebn e bashk\u00ebpunimit juridik nd\u00ebrkomb\u00ebtar."}],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6146","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/402"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=6146"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6146\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":8025,"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6146\/revisions\/8025"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/8148"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=6146"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=6146"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=6146"},{"taxonomy":"author","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/ppma_author?post=6146"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}