{"id":6159,"date":"2020-01-25T15:34:38","date_gmt":"2020-01-25T13:34:38","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/?p=6159"},"modified":"2024-10-02T15:36:16","modified_gmt":"2024-10-02T13:36:16","slug":"shengeni-ballkanik-jelek-shpetimi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/en\/opinion\/shengeni-ballkanik-jelek-shpetimi\/","title":{"rendered":"Shengeni ballkanik, jelek shp\u00ebtimi?"},"content":{"rendered":"
\n

Sfidat kryesore t\u00eb Ballkanit Per\u00ebndimor sot nuk jan\u00eb thjesht problemet e brendshme politike t\u00eb shteteve, apo mosmarr\u00ebveshjet bilaterale mes tyre. K\u00ebto probleme kronike kan\u00eb zgjatur aq shum\u00eb dhe, shprehur metaforikisht, kan\u00eb mbledhur aq shum\u00eb uj\u00eb, sa q\u00eb gjat\u00eb dhjet\u00ebvje\u00e7arit t\u00eb ri rrezikojn\u00eb t\u2019i shembit digat rajonale dhe t\u00eb na p\u00ebrmbysin.<\/p>\n

Diga e par\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb ajo e stabilitetit ekonomik dhe shoq\u00ebror. Problemet politike dhe inatet historike kan\u00eb prodhuar shtete institucionalisht t\u00eb dob\u00ebta dhe tregje t\u00eb vogla \u2013 apo m\u00eb shkurt, ekonomi jokonkuruese. Si rrjedhoj\u00eb, asnj\u00ebri shtet nuk po zhvillohet me shpejt\u00ebsi t\u00eb mjaftueshme p\u00ebr ta z\u00ebn\u00eb hapin me pjes\u00ebn tjet\u00ebr t\u00eb Europ\u00ebs.<\/p>\n

Pasojat po i shohim me shpopullimin masiv dhe me nj\u00eb depresion kolektiv i cili n\u00eb thelb \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb k\u00ebmban\u00eb alarmi. Risia \u00ebsht\u00eb se k\u00ebsaj here po ikin jo vet\u00ebm student\u00ebt, t\u00eb varf\u00ebrit dhe t\u00eb pashkath\u00ebtit, por edhe profesionist\u00ebt e pun\u00ebsuar dhe familjet e reja q\u00eb k\u00ebrkojn\u00eb m\u00eb shum\u00eb se vende pune. K\u00ebrkojn\u00eb cil\u00ebsi t\u00eb jet\u00ebs \u2013 spitale dhe shkolla t\u00eb mira, aj\u00ebr t\u00eb past\u00ebr, siguri dhe drejt\u00ebsi, etj.<\/p>\n

N\u00ebse kjo shtres\u00eb vazhdon t\u00eb largohet me k\u00ebto ritme, marr\u00eb parasysh edhe rritjen e ul\u00ebt demografike, rajoni rrezikon t\u00eb hyj\u00eb n\u00eb nj\u00eb spirale negative dhe paralizuese. Kush do t\u2019i nd\u00ebrtoj\u00eb industrit\u00eb e reja dhe sh\u00ebrbimet cil\u00ebsore publike t\u00eb nevojshme p\u00ebr t\u00eb nxitur rritje dhe zhvilim? Cilat do t\u00eb jen\u00eb pasojat e moszhvillimit ekonomik p\u00ebr demokracin\u00eb?<\/p>\n

Diga e dyt\u00eb q\u00eb rrezikon t\u00eb shp\u00ebrthej\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb ajo e siguris\u00eb. Brisht\u00ebsia e rendit nd\u00ebrkomb\u00ebtar; kriza e multilateralizmit; hyrja n\u00eb epok\u00ebn realizmit brutal dhe t\u00eb gar\u00ebs mes fuqive t\u00eb m\u00ebdha \u2013 t\u00eb gjitha k\u00ebto po prodhojn\u00eb pasiguri anek\u00ebnd bot\u00ebs. Rajonet periferike si Ballkani, q\u00eb historikisht kan\u00eb qen\u00eb fush\u00ebbeteja t\u00eb ndeshjeve hegjemonike dhe \u201cluft\u00ebrave proxy\u201d, jan\u00eb ve\u00e7an\u00ebrisht t\u00eb rrezikuara.<\/p>\n

Nj\u00eb kriz\u00eb e re ekonomike dhe politike e p\u00ebrmasave bot\u00ebrore rrezikon ta gjej\u00eb Ballkanin me shum\u00eb \u00e7\u00ebshtje t\u00eb hapura mes shteteve. Bashk\u00eb me dob\u00ebsit\u00eb e brendshme ekonomike dhe sociale, kjo na b\u00ebn t\u00eb brisht\u00eb ndaj mund\u00ebsis\u00eb s\u00eb rihapjes s\u00eb konfliketeve etnike.<\/p>\n

Fatmir\u00ebsisht, diga e dyt\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb pak m\u00eb e lart\u00eb dhe m\u00eb e q\u00ebndrueshme. Shqet\u00ebsimet p\u00ebr sigurin\u00eb e rajonit i kan\u00eb shtyr\u00eb SHBA-t\u00eb vitet e fundit p\u00ebr t\u2019i dh\u00ebn\u00eb prioritet p\u00ebrmbylljes s\u00eb arkitektur\u00ebs rajonale t\u00eb siguris\u00eb, gj\u00eb q\u00eb u materializua me hyrjen e Malit t\u00eb Zi dhe (s\u00eb shpejti) Maqedonis\u00eb s\u00eb Veriut n\u00eb NATO.<\/p>\n

Megjithat\u00eb, edhe kjo dig\u00eb e ka nj\u00eb vrim\u00eb t\u00eb thell\u00eb. Serbia me neutralitetin e vet ushtarak mbetet problemi nevralgjik i rajonit. E mbajtur peng nga Rusia dhe nga kryene\u00e7\u00ebsia e saj hegjemonike, Serbia po e mban peng edhe rrug\u00ebn e Kosov\u00ebs drejt NATO-s (p\u00ebr shkak t\u00eb mosnjohjes prej disa shteteve an\u00ebtare), edhe at\u00eb t\u00eb Bosnjes e Hercegovin\u00ebs (p\u00ebrmes Republika Srpskas).<\/p>\n

Diga e par\u00eb, q\u00eb mendohej se do forcohej p\u00ebres integrimit europian, mbetet dob\u00ebsia dhe shqet\u00ebsimi kryesor. P\u00ebr shkak t\u00eb kriz\u00ebs s\u00eb brendshme t\u00eb Europ\u00ebs, por edhe dob\u00ebsive tona, duket qart\u00eb se shtetet e rajonit nuk do t\u00eb hyjn\u00eb n\u00eb BE brenda k\u00ebtij dhjet\u00ebvje\u00e7ari (n\u00ebse do te hyjn\u00eb ndonj\u00ebher\u00eb). Ky \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb realitet t\u00eb cilin duhet ta p\u00ebrtypim.<\/p>\n

N\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb kontekst, ideja e Shengenit Ballkanik shfaqet si nj\u00ebfar\u00eb jeleku i p\u00ebrkohsh\u00ebm i shp\u00ebtimit. Teoria \u00ebsht\u00eb se n\u00ebse e krijojm\u00eb nj\u00eb treg rajonal, t\u00eb madh thjesht sa Rumania, e \u00e7lirojm\u00eb potencialin e ndrydhur ekonomik dhe b\u00ebhemi pak m\u00eb konkurues p\u00ebr investime serioze. Thuhet se BE-ja si kompensim p\u00ebr vonesat n\u00eb pranim t\u00eb pakt\u00ebn mund t\u00eb na jap\u00eb qasje m\u00eb t\u00eb hershme n\u00eb fondet e m\u00ebdha. M\u00eb fjal\u00eb t\u00eb tjera, si rajon e thyejm\u00eb spiralen negative ekonomike, marrim frym\u00eb dhe q\u00ebndrojm\u00eb mbi uj\u00eb derisa Europa ta sqaroj\u00eb t\u00eb ardhmen e vet.<\/p>\n

Ideja akoma mbetet n\u00eb nivelin e spektaklit dhe protagonizmit t\u00eb nism\u00ebtar\u00ebve q\u00eb nuk duken edhe aq serioz\u00eb. Pengesat politike n\u00eb pamje t\u00eb par\u00eb duken t\u00eb patejkalueshme. Projekti nuk ka se si t\u00eb shkoj\u00eb p\u00ebrapara pa Kosov\u00ebn si pal\u00eb t\u00eb barabart\u00eb dhe me k\u00ebt\u00eb Serbi agresive ndaj saj dhe ndaj Bosnjes dhe Hercegovin\u00ebs.<\/p>\n

N\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb kontekst, Kosova b\u00ebri mir\u00eb q\u00eb nuk tregoi entuziaz\u00ebm dhe q\u00eb u rebelua. Por ajo rrezikon t\u00eb tregohet naive dhe humb\u00ebse n\u00ebse nuk i sheh edhe mund\u00ebsit\u00eb strategjike nga nj\u00eb angazhim m\u00eb konstruktiv.<\/p>\n

Kjo p\u00ebr shkak se Serbia, ambiciet hegjemonike t\u00eb s\u00eb cil\u00ebs jan\u00eb para s\u00eb gjithash ekonomike, \u00ebsht\u00eb pala m\u00eb e interesuar p\u00ebr projektin, dhe kjo gj\u00eb q\u00eb e b\u00ebn at\u00eb t\u00eb kusht\u00ebzueshme. Jo vet\u00ebm nga Kosova, por edhe nga shtetet rajonale q\u00eb kan\u00eb interes nga njohja e Kosov\u00ebs, si dhe nga per\u00ebndimi si mb\u00ebshtet\u00ebs i jasht\u00ebm. Shengeni Ballkanik mund t\u00eb sh\u00ebrbej\u00eb si leva detyruese ndaj Serbis\u00eb dhe p\u00ebr mbylljen e arkitektur\u00ebs s\u00eb siguris\u00eb \u2013 pra \u00e7el\u00ebsi p\u00ebr njohjen dhe NATO. Serbia e di se pa u mbyllur kjo pun\u00eb projekti rajonal nuk ka kuptim dhe \u00ebsht\u00eb i paq\u00ebndruesh\u00ebm.<\/p>\n

S\u00eb dyti, duke mos qen\u00eb integrim politik por ekonomik, projekti nuk duhet par\u00eb si z\u00ebvend\u00ebsim, por si di\u00e7ka komplementare me iden\u00eb e bashkimit komb\u00ebtar dhe dikur edhe me at\u00eb europian. N\u00eb kontekstin e nj\u00eb integrimi ekonomik rajonal, shkrirja e par\u00eb e natyrshme do t\u00eb ishte ajo mes tregjeve t\u00eb Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb dhe Kosov\u00ebs, por edhe vendbanimeve t\u00eb tjera ku ka shqiptar\u00eb.<\/p>\n

Shqiptar\u00ebt numerikisht do t\u00eb mund t\u00eb sh\u00ebrbenin si kund\u00ebrpesh\u00eb ndaj \u00e7far\u00ebdo p\u00ebrpjekjeje t\u00eb Serbis\u00eb p\u00ebr ta kthyer projektin n\u00eb mjet p\u00ebr dominim politik dhe hegjemonik.<\/p>\n

Gjithsesi, Kosova b\u00ebri mir\u00eb q\u00eb u rebelua ndaj mosp\u00ebrfilljes prej Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb n\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb faz\u00eb nism\u00ebtare, sepse di\u00e7ka e till\u00eb nuk guxon t\u00eb niset pa koordinim. Por tani k\u00ebrkohet q\u00eb Kosova t\u00eb tregohet edhe konstruktive, duke i paraqitur kushtet e saj, qoft\u00eb edhe vet\u00ebm p\u00ebr t\u2019u ulur n\u00eb tavolin\u00eb, sepse kjo \u00ebsht\u00eb forma e vetme p\u00ebr t\u00eb hasur n\u00eb mir\u00ebkuptim dhe mb\u00ebshtetje.<\/p>\n

Me qasjen foklorike dhe refuzuese ndaj \u00e7do procesi nd\u00ebrkomb\u00ebtar t\u00eb viteve t\u00eb fundit, Kosova po e mbivler\u00ebson r\u00ebnd\u00ebsin\u00eb e vet dhe po e rrezikon izolimin e plot\u00eb dhe braktisjen nga t\u00eb gjith\u00eb.<\/p>\n

Kosova e ka b\u00ebr\u00eb t\u00eb qart\u00eb se \u00ebsht\u00eb shtet dhe se ekziston di\u00e7ka q\u00eb quhet interesi i ve\u00e7ant\u00eb i Kosov\u00ebs. Por ajo duhet ta kuptoj\u00eb se ekziston edhe di\u00e7ka tjet\u00ebr q\u00eb quhet interesi i ve\u00e7ant\u00eb i Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb. Interesi komb\u00ebtar nuk mund t\u00eb definohet unilateralisht prej asnj\u00ebr\u00ebs pal\u00eb, por buron prej respektit t\u00eb nd\u00ebrsjell\u00eb dhe konsensusit mes dy interesave shtet\u00ebrore.<\/p>\n

Shkrimi u botua fillimisht dhe \u00ebsht\u00eb i huazuar nga edicioni i muajit janar t\u00eb Le Monde Diplomatique n\u00eb shqip.<\/em><\/p>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Sfidat kryesore t\u00eb Ballkanit Per\u00ebndimor sot nuk jan\u00eb thjesht problemet e brendshme politike t\u00eb shteteve, apo mosmarr\u00ebveshjet bilaterale mes tyre. K\u00ebto probleme kronike kan\u00eb zgjatur aq shum\u00eb dhe, shprehur metaforikisht, kan\u00eb mbledhur aq shum\u00eb uj\u00eb, sa q\u00eb gjat\u00eb dhjet\u00ebvje\u00e7arit t\u00eb ri rrezikojn\u00eb t\u2019i shembit digat rajonale dhe t\u00eb na p\u00ebrmbysin. Diga e par\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb ajo […]<\/p>","protected":false},"author":438,"featured_media":6868,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[9],"tags":[988,1006,998,1223],"ppma_author":[985],"class_list":["post-6159","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-opinion","tag-ballkani-perendimor","tag-ekonomi","tag-politike","tag-shengeni"],"authors":[{"term_id":985,"user_id":438,"is_guest":0,"slug":"agon-maliqi","display_name":"Agon Maliqi","avatar_url":{"url":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/Headshot-copy-3-1-scaled-e1721289936673.jpeg","url2x":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/Headshot-copy-3-1-scaled-e1721289936673.jpeg"},"user_url":"","last_name":"Maliqi","first_name":"Agon","description":"Agon Maliqi \u00ebsht\u00eb studiues, analist dhe aktivist i shoq\u00ebris\u00eb civile nga Prishtina, me banim n\u00eb Tiran\u00eb. Prej disa vitesh ai punon si k\u00ebshill\u00ebtar dhe studies i pavarur i \u00e7\u00ebshtjeve t\u00eb siguris\u00eb, paqes dhe demokracis\u00eb n\u00eb Ballkanin Per\u00ebndimor p\u00ebr nj\u00eb mori institutesh, organizatash dhe mediash vendase dhe nd\u00ebrkomb\u00eb\u00ebtare. Si aktivist i shoq\u00ebris\u00eb civile t\u00eb Kosov\u00ebs p\u00ebr thuajse 20 vite, zt. Maliqi mes tjerash ka qen\u00eb bashk\u00ebthemelues dhe drejtues per disa vite i platform\u00ebs sbunker. N\u00eb vitin 2019 ai q\u00ebndroi p\u00ebr gjysm\u00eb viti n\u00eb Uashington D.C si p\u00ebrfitues i Reagan-Fascell Democracy Fello\u00ebship n\u00eb Fondin Komb\u00ebtar t\u00eb Demokracis\u00eb (NED) n\u00eb SHBA. Sot ai \u00ebsht\u00eb pjes\u00eb e Grupit Strategjik p\u00ebr Ballkanin Per\u00ebndimor t\u00eb Fondacionit Heinrich B\u00f6ll (HBS) me baz\u00eb n\u00eb Berlin; pjes\u00eb e Task Forc\u00ebs rajonale t\u00eb Ballkanit Per\u00ebndimor t\u00eb Institutit Republikan Nd\u00ebrkomb\u00ebtar (IRI) dhe an\u00ebtar i Koalicionit Nd\u00ebrkomb\u00ebtar p\u00ebr Rip\u00ebrt\u00ebritje Demokratike (ICDR) t\u00eb Forumit 2000 n\u00eb Prag\u00eb. Zt. Maliqi ka mbaruar studimet master p\u00ebr politikat e zhvillimit nd\u00ebrkomb\u00ebtar n\u00eb Duke University (SHBA) dhe ato bachelor p\u00ebr shkenca politike dhe marr\u00ebdh\u00ebnie nd\u00ebrkomb\u00ebtare n\u00eb Universitetin Amerikan n\u00eb Bullgari."}],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6159","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/438"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=6159"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6159\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":7951,"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6159\/revisions\/7951"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/6868"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=6159"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=6159"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=6159"},{"taxonomy":"author","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/ppma_author?post=6159"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}