{"id":7468,"date":"2019-03-19T15:03:48","date_gmt":"2019-03-19T13:03:48","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/?p=7468"},"modified":"2024-09-10T15:05:52","modified_gmt":"2024-09-10T13:05:52","slug":"dy-rrefime-per-dy-planete-ose-teoria-e-konstruktimit-shoqeror","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/en\/analize\/dy-rrefime-per-dy-planete-ose-teoria-e-konstruktimit-shoqeror\/","title":{"rendered":"Dy rr\u00ebfime p\u00ebr dy planete ose teoria e konstruktimit shoq\u00ebror"},"content":{"rendered":"

Teoria e konstruktimit shoq\u00ebror me an\u00eb t\u00eb nj\u00eb leximi sociologjik t\u00eb \u201cSolarisit\u201d t\u00eb Stanislaw Lem-it.<\/span><\/i><\/p>\n

Bashkohesh br\u00ebnda me p\u00ebrjasht\u00ebsi,<\/span><\/i><\/p>\n

Bashkohesh jashta me p\u00ebrbr\u00ebnd\u00ebsi<\/span><\/i><\/p>\n

Lasgush Poradeci<\/span><\/i><\/p>\n

Rr\u00ebfimi i par\u00eb<\/i><\/b><\/p>\n

N\u00eb kozmos \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb planet i mistersh\u00ebm, krejt i mb\u00ebshtjell\u00eb nga nj\u00eb oqean i paskaj, me dit\u00eb t\u00eb kuqe e t\u00eb kaltra q\u00eb shkaktohen nga dy diejt t\u00eb cil\u00ebt e ndri\u00e7ojn\u00eb at\u00eb. Aq shum\u00eb i ka intriguar planeti shkenc\u00ebtar\u00ebt e t\u00eb gjitha disiplinave saq\u00eb studimet e tyre kan\u00eb rezultuar n\u00eb shum\u00eb teorina, e m\u00eb n\u00eb fund n\u00eb zhvillimin e nj\u00eb shkence t\u00eb posa\u00e7me p\u00ebr planetin e mistersh\u00ebm. Planeti quhet Solaris, kurse shkenca mbi t\u00eb, solaristik\u00eb. Njer\u00ebzit nga toka jo vet\u00ebm q\u00eb kan\u00eb \u00e7u fluturake n\u00eb Solaris, por kan\u00eb nd\u00ebrtuar n\u00eb t\u00eb nj\u00eb stacion ku disa astronaut\u00eb e shkenc\u00ebtar\u00ebt jan\u00eb vendos\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u00eb studiuar m\u00eb af\u00ebr misteret e planetit.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00c7ka dim\u00eb p\u00ebr Solarisin? Dim\u00eb se Solarisi \u00ebsht\u00eb mb\u00ebshtjell\u00eb nga nj\u00eb cip\u00eb inteligjente, si nj\u00ebfar\u00eb truri. Shkenc\u00ebtar\u00ebt po punojn\u00eb pa ia nda p\u00ebr t\u00eb komunikuar me k\u00ebt\u00eb planet inteligjent, me shpres\u00eb q\u00eb nj\u00eb dit\u00eb kan\u00eb me ia dal\u00eb me i vnu n\u00eb kontakt dy planetet, Tok\u00ebn dhe Solarisin.<\/span><\/p>\n

P\u00ebr fat t\u00eb keq, solaristika,\u00a0 me gjith\u00eb shum\u00ebsin\u00eb e teorive, metodologjive, aparatit t\u00eb sofistikuar konceptual, analizave t\u00eb shumanshme, v\u00ebllimit t\u00eb madh t\u00eb shkrimeve, sasis\u00eb s\u00eb madhe t\u00eb botimeve t\u00eb specializuara: vjetar\u00eb, periodik\u00eb, libra, e \u00e7kamos, nuk ka arrit\u00eb ta shpjegojn\u00eb misterin e mistereve t\u00eb Solarisit. Askush prej solarist\u00ebve nuk di p\u00ebr Solarisin nga p\u00ebrvoja, por nga bibliotekat e laboratoret, ve\u00e7 shkenc\u00ebtar\u00ebve q\u00eb banojn\u00eb n\u00eb stacion ku kan\u00eb provuar gj\u00ebra t\u00eb \u00e7uditshme dhe t\u00eb pashpjegueshme n\u00eb sjelljen e Solarisit. Sado t\u00eb shkolluar e t\u00eb njohur me gjetjet e teorit\u00eb solaristike, kjo nuk i ka p\u00ebrgatit\u00eb banor\u00ebt p\u00ebr at\u00eb q\u00eb do t\u00eb p\u00ebrjetonin n\u00eb planetin e mistersh\u00ebm. Mir\u00ebpo, ata kan\u00eb p\u00ebrjetuar di\u00e7ka q\u00eb solaristika si shkenc\u00eb e nalt\u00eb dhe serioze, nuk mund ta marr\u00eb si material n\u00eb studimet e saj, e as q\u00eb mund t\u00eb pranoj\u00eb si prov\u00eb valide d\u00ebshmit\u00eb e banor\u00ebve t\u00eb stacionit n\u00eb Solaris. P\u00ebr \u00e7ka b\u00ebhet fjal\u00eb?<\/span><\/p>\n

Banor\u00ebve t\u00eb stacionit, oqeani ua pasqyron mendimet m\u00eb t\u00eb thella, d\u00ebshirat m\u00eb t\u00eb fshehura, kujtimet dhe t\u00eb pavet\u00ebdijshmen e tyre, duke i mish\u00ebruar ato n\u00eb ekzistenc\u00eb objektive e materiale. P\u00ebr shembull, Krisit\u2014astronautit psikolog q\u00eb e kan\u00eb \u00e7u aty p\u00ebr t\u00eb hetuar se \u00e7far\u00eb po ngjan me banor\u00ebt n\u00eb stacion\u2014nj\u00eb nat\u00eb i erdhi n\u00eb dhom\u00eb gruaja e tij, Hari, e cila kishte vdek\u00eb dhjet\u00eb vjet\u00eb ma par\u00eb! Me t\u00eb par\u00ebn tha se po andrronte, se Krisit nuk iu kishte heq\u00eb prej mendjes Hari qysh prej dit\u00ebs kur e kishte gjet\u00eb t\u00eb vet\u00ebvrar\u00eb n\u00eb banes\u00ebn ku e kishte braktis\u00eb dhe ku ajo ishte vet\u00ebvrar\u00eb duke injektuar nj\u00eb helm n\u00eb krahun e saj. Por, jo. Ishte aty. Ky e shihte. Edhe t\u00eb tjer\u00ebt mund ta shihnin. Ishte n\u00eb kajde t\u00eb saj, por jo vet\u00eb Hari e Tok\u00ebs, por nj\u00eb si ajo. Ishte Hari e Solarisit. M\u00eb sakt\u00eb, ishte Hari q\u00eb r\u00ebndonte nd\u00ebrgjegjen e Krisit dhe jetonte n\u00eb kujtimin e tij, person i dashur dhe me krahun e mavijosur nga injektimi, e q\u00eb oqeani e kishte mish\u00ebruar n\u00eb stacion. Duke e dit\u00eb se nuk ishte Hari e v\u00ebrtet\u00eb, Krisi kishte provuar ta largonte n\u00eb pakthim nga stacioni. Kot!<\/span><\/p>\n

Po k\u00ebshtu edhe banor\u00ebve t\u00eb tjer\u00eb n\u00eb stacion, oqeani ua kishte mish\u00ebruar mendimet m\u00eb t\u00eb thella q\u00eb mbanin t\u00eb fshehta n\u00eb mendje: dofar\u00eb krijesash t\u00eb \u00e7uditshme q\u00eb ve\u00e7 mendja e njeriut di me i p\u00ebrfytyru. Banor\u00ebt e stacionit vendos\u00ebn q\u00eb k\u00ebto krijesa t\u2019i quanin \u201cvizitor\u00eb\u201d p\u00ebr t\u2019i dalluar nga njer\u00ebzit. Madje, gjet\u00ebn nj\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u00eb dalluar njer\u00ebzit nga \u201cvizitor\u00ebt\u201d: t\u00eb par\u00ebt mund t\u00eb vriteshin, nd\u00ebrsa t\u00eb dyt\u00ebt jo. (Nj\u00eb banor e kishte vrar\u00eb veten, se kurrqysh me u \u00e7liru prej \u201cvizitor\u00ebve\u201d t\u00eb tij q\u00eb jetonin bashk\u00eb me t\u00eb n\u00eb stacion.)<\/span><\/p>\n

Si mund t\u00eb pranoj\u00eb solaristika\u2014si shkenc\u00eb pozitiviste, racionale, fizike, demonstrative, matematikore, l\u00ebndore e astronomike\u2014k\u00ebso hokus-pokusa astrologjike!<\/span><\/p>\n

Rr\u00ebfimi i dyt\u00eb<\/i><\/b><\/p>\n

Nj\u00eb dukuri e ngjashme nodh edhe n\u00eb nj\u00eb planet tjet\u00ebr. Planeti n\u00eb fjal\u00eb pasqyron t\u00eb brendshmen e njeriut: d\u00ebshirat e frik\u00ebn, shpres\u00ebn e brengat, dashurin\u00eb e urrejtjen, \u00ebndrrat e imagjinat\u00ebn njer\u00ebzore, duke mish\u00ebruar k\u00ebto n\u00eb institucione e kultur\u00eb q\u00eb bashk\u00eb p\u00ebrb\u00ebjn\u00eb shoq\u00ebrin\u00eb njer\u00ebzore. M\u00eb pas shoq\u00ebria b\u00ebhet bot\u00eb m\u00eb vete, pavar\u00ebsohet prej njer\u00ebzve, sillet jo qysh dojn\u00eb njer\u00ebzit, por sipas ligjeve ose tekave t\u00eb saj. Rr\u00ebfimi s\u2019mbaron k\u00ebtu. Shoq\u00ebria do jo vet\u00ebm t\u00eb pavar\u00ebsohet prej njeriut, por ta fus\u00eb njeriun n\u00ebn var\u00ebsin\u00eb e saj, ta formoj\u00eb psikologjin\u00eb e tij. Me fjal\u00eb t\u00eb tjera, njeriu krijon shoq\u00ebrin\u00eb, e shoq\u00ebria krijon njeriun; shoq\u00ebria t\u00eb cil\u00ebn njer\u00ebzit si kolektiv e konstruktojn\u00eb si realitet t\u00eb jasht\u00ebm, ushtron ndikim dhe detyrim tek individ\u00ebt dhe grupet. Planeti quhet Toka, kurse shkenca q\u00eb merret me studimin e k\u00ebsaj dukurie \u00ebsht\u00eb sociologjia. Kjo n\u00eb Tok\u00eb ndodh q\u00eb kur ekziston njeriu e deri m\u00eb tash. Njeriu ka nd\u00ebrtuar institucione shoq\u00ebrore, kultur\u00eb materiale e shpirt\u00ebrore me shum\u00eb nge p\u00ebrgjat\u00eb historis\u00eb, e m\u00eb pas ato kan\u00eb nd\u00ebrtuar njeriun.<\/span><\/p>\n

Peter Berger dhe Thomas Luckmann kan\u00eb shkruar nj\u00eb lib\u00ebr mbi dukurin\u00eb e pasqyrimit t\u00eb njeriut n\u00eb realitetin shoq\u00ebror dhe kan\u00eb shpjeguar se si ky realitet m\u00eb pas formon personin njer\u00ebzor. Teoria e tyre shpjegon marr\u00ebdh\u00ebnien ciklike t\u00eb njer\u00ebzve me bot\u00ebn shoq\u00ebrore. Cikli p\u00ebrb\u00ebhet nga tre faza: s\u00eb pari, shoq\u00ebria \u00ebsht\u00eb krijim e materializim i gjendjes njer\u00ebzore, dhe n\u00eb fund, shoq\u00ebria krijon njer\u00ebzit. Me nj\u00eb fjal\u00eb, njeriu krijon shoq\u00ebrin\u00eb, pastaj shoq\u00ebria krijon njeriun. Nd\u00ebrmjet k\u00ebtyre dy momenteve, \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb proces vendimtar q\u00eb e mund\u00ebson k\u00ebt\u00eb, e q\u00eb autor\u00ebt e quajt\u00ebn \u201cobjektifikim i realitetit shoq\u00ebror\u201d q\u00eb dometh\u00ebn\u00eb se bota shoq\u00ebrore t\u00eb cil\u00ebn e krijojn\u00eb njer\u00ebzit b\u00ebhet nj\u00eb realitet objektiv i pavarur prej njeriut.<\/span><\/p>\n

N\u00eb fillim t\u00eb k\u00ebtij cikli njeriu e jasht\u00ebson veten n\u00eb shoq\u00ebri dhe e materializon at\u00eb jasht\u00eb tij, dometh\u00ebn\u00eb nd\u00ebrton kultur\u00ebn shpirt\u00ebrore dhe materiale, institucionet, strukturat, vlerat, besimet e normat shoq\u00ebrore, p\u00ebr t\u00eb nd\u00ebrtuar k\u00ebshtu realitetin shoq\u00ebror. S\u00eb k\u00ebndejmi, edhe titulli i librit n\u00eb fjal\u00eb: <\/span>The Social Construction of Reality [Konstruktimi shoq\u00ebror i realitetit].<\/span><\/i> Me fjal\u00eb t\u00eb tjera, njeriu e qet jasht\u00eb brend\u00ebsin\u00eb e tij duke e mish\u00ebru at\u00eb n\u00eb form\u00eb t\u00eb realitetit shoq\u00ebror.<\/span><\/p>\n

M\u00eb pas, ky realitet objektifikohet, dometh\u00ebn\u00eb pavar\u00ebsohet dhe ekziston si entitet m\u00eb vete, i pavarur nga kontrolli njer\u00ebzor. Ky realitet na paraqitet si i mir\u00ebqen\u00eb, i padiskutuesh\u00ebm, i pamenduar dhe ndikon n\u00eb ne, na imponohet, na kufizon lirin\u00eb dhe na cakton mund\u00ebsit\u00eb e mendimit dhe alternativat e rregullat e veprimit, na formon identitetin, ndjenjat, mendimin dhe praktikat, pra na form\u00ebson personin e secilit prej nesh.<\/span><\/p>\n

Individi lind n\u00eb shoq\u00ebri n\u00eb t\u00eb cil\u00ebn mbret\u00ebrojn\u00eb institucionet, strukturat, normat, vlerat, besimet, alternativat e veprimit e rregullat e sjelljes, dhe k\u00ebshtu deri n\u00eb vdekje ekziston n\u00eb shoq\u00ebri dhe n\u00eb sisteme shoq\u00ebrore q\u00eb jan\u00eb etabluar shum\u00eb koh\u00eb para se ai t\u00eb vinte aty. N\u00eb fund, njeriu e p\u00ebrbrend\u00ebson k\u00ebt\u00eb realitet shoq\u00ebror p\u00ebrmes procesit t\u00eb shoq\u00ebrizimit, dometh\u00ebn\u00eb pranimit t\u00eb vlerave t\u00eb jashtme shoq\u00ebrore dhe p\u00ebrvet\u00ebsimit t\u00eb tyre si t\u00eb ishin t\u00eb tijat. N\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb, si\u00e7 shprehet Peter Berger n\u00eb nj\u00eb lib\u00ebr t\u00eb popullarizuar sociologjik, <\/span>Invitation to Sociology [Ftes\u00eb n\u00eb Sociologji]<\/span><\/i>: njeriu ekziston n\u00eb shoq\u00ebri e shoq\u00ebria ekziston n\u00eb njeriun.<\/span><\/p>\n

P\u00ebr shembull, n\u00eb nj\u00eb moment historik dhe n\u00eb nj\u00eb vend t\u00eb caktuar nj\u00eb grup njer\u00ebzish krijojn\u00eb norma e besime t\u00eb tilla q\u00eb t\u00eb vras\u00ebsh p\u00ebr nder (familjar, fisnor, komb\u00ebtar, etj.) quhet vler\u00eb, si dhe institucione q\u00eb e nxisin k\u00ebt\u00eb sjellje. N\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb faz\u00eb, norma e till\u00eb vlen vet\u00ebm p\u00ebr grupin q\u00eb e ka krijuar. Por, m\u00eb pas ajo merr natyr\u00eb t\u00eb ekzistenc\u00ebs objektive dhe bartet te grupet e tjera: te brezat e m\u00ebvonsh\u00ebm dhe n\u00eb vende t\u00eb tjera. Personalitetet e individ\u00ebve n\u00eb grupet e tjera nd\u00ebrtohen duke p\u00ebrbrend\u00ebsuar, dometh\u00ebn\u00eb p\u00ebrvet\u00ebsuar ato si vlera t\u00eb tyre dhe si sjellje t\u00eb natyrshme dhe t\u00eb vetmet t\u00eb mundshme, dhe k\u00ebshtu edhe ata vrasin p\u00ebr nder.<\/span><\/p>\n

Bota jon\u00eb ka t\u00eb jashtmen e saj q\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb realiteti shoq\u00ebror, si\u00e7 ka edhe t\u00eb brendsh\u00ebm e saj q\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb njeriu n\u00eb t\u00eb. \u00c7far\u00ebdo q\u00eb ka n\u00eb mendjen kolektive t\u00eb grupeve njer\u00ebzore jasht\u00ebsohet duke u materializuar si realitet shoq\u00ebror n\u00eb institucione, vlera e norma. Ky realitet i materializuar objektifikohet, dometh\u00ebn\u00eb fiton jet\u00eb t\u00eb pavarur nga ne krijuesit e saj. M\u00eb pas, realiteti i objektifikuar na imponohet dhe prej saj as mund t\u00eb ikim, as ta vrasim me nj\u00eb \u201cbam\u201d (si\u00e7 nuk mund t\u00eb vriten \u201cvizitor\u00ebt\u201d n\u00eb Solaris). N\u00eb fund t\u00eb ciklit, ne e p\u00ebrbrend\u00ebsojm\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb bot\u00eb duke u b\u00ebr\u00eb miniatura t\u00eb saj. Dhe cikli vazhdon: jasht\u00ebsim, objektifikim, p\u00ebrbrend\u00ebsim\u2026 Njeriu e shfaq veten (jasht\u00eb) n\u00eb shoq\u00ebri dhe shoq\u00ebria e shfaq veten (brenda) n\u00eb njeriun. E jashtmja \u00ebsht\u00eb, n\u00eb t\u00eb v\u00ebrtet\u00eb, e brendshjma e jasht\u00ebsuar, kurse e brendshmja \u00ebsht\u00eb e jashtmja e p\u00ebrbrend\u00ebsuar.<\/span><\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Teoria e konstruktimit shoq\u00ebror me an\u00eb t\u00eb nj\u00eb leximi sociologjik t\u00eb \u201cSolarisit\u201d t\u00eb Stanislaw Lem-it. Bashkohesh br\u00ebnda me p\u00ebrjasht\u00ebsi, Bashkohesh jashta me p\u00ebrbr\u00ebnd\u00ebsi Lasgush Poradeci Rr\u00ebfimi i par\u00eb N\u00eb kozmos \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb planet i mistersh\u00ebm, krejt i mb\u00ebshtjell\u00eb nga nj\u00eb oqean i paskaj, me dit\u00eb t\u00eb kuqe e t\u00eb kaltra q\u00eb shkaktohen nga dy diejt […]<\/p>","protected":false},"author":196,"featured_media":7393,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[13],"tags":[991,953,1099],"ppma_author":[700],"class_list":["post-7468","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-analize","tag-shoqeria","tag-sociologji","tag-vita-contemplativa"],"authors":[{"term_id":700,"user_id":196,"is_guest":0,"slug":"gezim-selaci","display_name":"G\u00ebzim Selaci","avatar_url":{"url":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/1-1-e1728652765257.jpg","url2x":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/1-1-e1728652765257.jpg"},"user_url":"","last_name":"Selaci","first_name":"G\u00ebzim","description":"G\u00ebzimi Selaci \u00ebsht\u00eb ligj\u00ebrues n\u00eb Departamentin e Sociologjis\u00eb n\u00eb Universitetin e Prishtin\u00ebs. Ka studiuar Sociologji dhe Teori politike n\u00eb Prishtin\u00eb, Lond\u00ebr dhe Budapest. Specializimi i tij ka t\u00eb b\u00ebj\u00eb me legjitimimin e pushtetit dhe nd\u00ebrtimin e shtetit. Interesimi i tij p\u00ebrq\u00ebndrohet tek politika dhe pushteti n\u00eb shoq\u00ebri nga perspektiva nd\u00ebrdisiplinore dhe shtrihet tek t\u00eb kuptuarit e pranimit\/mospranimit t\u00eb autoritetit, dinamik\u00ebs s\u00eb identiteteve kolektive, si dhe aktivizmit politik."}],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7468","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/196"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=7468"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7468\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":7471,"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7468\/revisions\/7471"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/7393"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=7468"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=7468"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=7468"},{"taxonomy":"author","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/ppma_author?post=7468"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}