{"id":8051,"date":"2021-03-08T11:09:31","date_gmt":"2021-03-08T09:09:31","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/?p=8051"},"modified":"2024-10-08T11:12:15","modified_gmt":"2024-10-08T09:12:15","slug":"politika-e-familjes-sinjale-te-mireseardhura","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/en\/analize\/politika-e-familjes-sinjale-te-mireseardhura\/","title":{"rendered":"Politika e familjes: Sinjale t\u00eb mir\u00ebseardhura"},"content":{"rendered":"

Kosova ka pasur dhe ka politik\u00eb t\u00eb familjes q\u00eb nuk mb\u00ebshtet degjenderizimin e p\u00ebrgjegj\u00ebsive familjare, defamiljalizimin e kujdesit ndaj f\u00ebmij\u00ebve, dhe pun\u00ebsimin e gruas. Por sinjale t\u00eb mir\u00ebseardhura, sidomos p\u00ebr kontekstin ton\u00eb, po d\u00ebrgohen edhe nga iniciativat aktuale brenda burokracis\u00eb shtet\u00ebrore, edhe nga programi i fituesit t\u00eb zgjedhjeve \u2013 L\u00ebvizjes Vet\u00ebvendosje.<\/span><\/p>\n

N\u00eb kuptimin e ngusht\u00eb, literatura e shtetit t\u00eb mir\u00ebqenies e definon politik\u00ebn e familjes si politik\u00ebn q\u00eb p\u00ebrfshin beneficionet (transferet) p\u00ebr f\u00ebmij\u00ebt, edukimin e hersh\u00ebm dhe kujdesin ndaj f\u00ebmij\u00ebve (termi anglisht: <\/span>Early Childhood Education and Care <\/span><\/i>– ECEC), dhe lejet prind\u00ebrore nga puna.<\/span><\/p>\n

P\u00ebrkund\u00ebr konvergjenc\u00ebs, shtetet dallojn\u00eb p\u00ebr kah dizajni i politikave t\u00eb familjes dhe q\u00ebllimeve t\u00eb tyre. Politikat m\u00eb ambicioze dhe m\u00eb t\u00eb suksesshme – n\u00eb kuptim t\u00eb pun\u00ebsimit t\u00eb lart\u00eb t\u00eb gruas, kufizimit t\u00eb varf\u00ebris\u00eb s\u00eb f\u00ebmij\u00ebve, dhe suksesit t\u00eb f\u00ebmij\u00ebve n\u00eb arsimim, socializim dhe p\u00ebrgatitje p\u00ebr mosh\u00eb t\u00eb rritur \u2013 llogariten t\u00eb vijn\u00eb nga vendet t\u00eb cilat aplikojn\u00eb pushime prind\u00ebrore q\u00eb p\u00ebrfshijn\u00eb dy prind\u00ebrit (me pages\u00eb), dhe benefite e p\u00ebrfshirje universale t\u00eb f\u00ebmij\u00ebve n\u00eb sh\u00ebrbimet ECEC publike t\u00eb menaxhuara dhe financuara nga shteti.<\/span><\/p>\n

Disa nga prizmat e r\u00ebnd\u00ebsish\u00ebm p\u00ebrmes s\u00eb cil\u00ebve vler\u00ebsohen k\u00ebto politika p\u00ebrfshijn\u00eb degjenderizimin e kryerjes s\u00eb p\u00ebrgjegj\u00ebsive familjare, defamiljalizimin e kujdesit t\u00eb f\u00ebmij\u00ebve dhe t\u00eb personave tjer\u00eb t\u00eb varur n\u00eb familje, dhe krijimin e kushteve p\u00ebr pun\u00ebsim dhe p\u00ebr balanc\u00eb pun\u00eb-familje p\u00ebr gruan.<\/span><\/p>\n

Politika konservatore e familjes n\u00eb Kosov\u00eb gjat\u00eb socializmit<\/b><\/p>\n

Politika e familjes e Kosov\u00ebs, e definuar si m\u00eb sip\u00ebr, lindi gjat\u00eb periudh\u00ebs s\u00eb socializmit vet\u00ebqeveris\u00ebs (1952-1989), n\u00eb koh\u00eb me zhvillimet e ngjashme n\u00eb Europ\u00eb. Ajo derivonte nga parimet q\u00eb ndiqeshin n\u00eb t\u00ebr\u00eb Jugosllavin\u00eb, ku shumica e t\u00eb drejtave sociale kan\u00eb qen\u00eb t\u00eb nd\u00ebrlidhura me pun\u00ebn dhe financoheshin nga kontributet e pun\u00ebtor\u00ebve.<\/span><\/p>\n

Transferet cash (shtesat) p\u00ebr f\u00ebmij\u00ebt l\u00ebshoheshin p\u00ebr f\u00ebmij\u00ebt e pun\u00ebtor\u00ebve duke targetuar pun\u00ebtor\u00ebt me t\u00eb ardhura m\u00eb t\u00eb vogla, pra p\u00ebrmes nj\u00eb logjike t\u00eb solidaritetit brenda popullat\u00ebs n\u00eb pun\u00eb. N\u00eb vitin 1981, kulmin e vet\u00ebqeverisjes socialiste, rreth 37% e f\u00ebmij\u00ebve t\u00eb Kosov\u00ebs mbuloheshin nga k\u00ebto transfere.<\/span><\/p>\n

Edhe sh\u00ebrbimet ECEC kan\u00eb nisur t\u00eb paraqiten ve\u00e7an\u00ebrisht p\u00ebrreth koh\u00ebs s\u00eb krijimit t\u00eb Krahin\u00ebs Socialiste Autonome t\u00eb Kosov\u00ebs (1974). Ato qen\u00eb ambicioze n\u00eb kuptim t\u00eb stafit t\u00eb synuar, infrastruktur\u00ebs, ushqimit etj., dhe sh\u00ebnjestronin mbulimin e f\u00ebmij\u00ebve t\u00eb prind\u00ebrve n\u00eb marr\u00ebdh\u00ebnie pune. Megjithat\u00eb, p\u00ebrderisa n\u00eb shum\u00eb vende tjera n\u00eb Europ\u00eb ECEC vazhdoi t\u00eb vihet n\u00eb qend\u00ebr t\u00eb politik\u00ebs s\u00eb familjes, n\u00eb Kosov\u00eb dhe rajon zhvillimi u ndal p\u00ebr shkak t\u00eb krizave ekonomike dhe politike. Asnj\u00ebher\u00eb nuk u arrit q\u00eb mbulueshm\u00ebria e f\u00ebmij\u00ebve t\u00eb mosh\u00ebs parashkollore me ECEC formale t\u00eb kaloj\u00eb mbi 2%.<\/span><\/p>\n

Sa i takon lejeve nga puna, me Ligjin mbi Marr\u00ebdh\u00ebniet e Pun\u00ebs (1977) politika ishte e koncentruar n\u00eb pushimin e maternitetit. N\u00ebna kishte t\u00eb drejt\u00eb n\u00eb gjasht\u00eb muaj pushim me pages\u00eb pas lindjes s\u00eb f\u00ebmij\u00ebs, gjasht\u00eb muaj tjer\u00eb t\u00eb drejt\u00eb pune me orar t\u00eb pjessh\u00ebm t\u00eb paguar si rrog\u00eb e zakonshme, dhe deri n\u00eb dy vjet tjera t\u00eb drejt\u00eb pushimi pa pages\u00eb. Babai kishte t\u00eb drejt\u00eb pushimi me pages\u00eb deri n\u00eb shtat\u00eb dit\u00eb me rastin e lindjes s\u00eb f\u00ebmij\u00ebs.<\/span><\/p>\n

N\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb kuptim, si edhe n\u00eb vendet tjera socialiste dhe n\u00eb vende t\u00eb Europ\u00ebs kontinentale q\u00eb kan\u00eb ndjekur modelin e bazuar n\u00eb sigurime sociale, politika e at\u00ebhershme e familjes ka qen\u00eb konservatore: e ka nxitur gruan t\u00eb rrij\u00eb n\u00eb sht\u00ebpi me leje t\u00eb gjata e gjeneroze dhe nuk ka ofruar alternativa t\u00eb kujdesit p\u00ebr f\u00ebmij\u00ebt. Shkalla e pun\u00ebsimit e gruas ka qen\u00eb e ul\u00ebt (9.7% m\u00eb 1981 p\u00ebr grupmosh\u00ebn 15-60 vje\u00e7). Rr\u00ebnimi i autonomis\u00eb s\u00eb Kosov\u00ebs m\u00eb von\u00eb ka prekur edhe k\u00ebto t\u00eb drejta duke v\u00ebshtir\u00ebsuar gjendjen e familjeve dhe t\u00eb grave.<\/span><\/p>\n

Politika ekstremisht e ngusht\u00eb e pasluft\u00ebs<\/b><\/p>\n

Pas luft\u00ebs (1999), Misioni i Kombeve t\u00eb Bashkuara q\u00eb mori n\u00eb administrim vendin filloi ta nd\u00ebrtoj\u00eb politik\u00ebn sociale t\u00eb Kosov\u00ebs mbi parime t\u00ebr\u00ebsisht t\u00eb reja – n\u00ebn ndikimin edhe t\u00eb organizatave tjera nd\u00ebrkomb\u00ebtare q\u00eb promovonin paradigm\u00ebn neoliberale – ku synohej t\u00eb ofrohej nj\u00eb prag minimal t\u00eb drejtash t\u00eb financuara nga buxheti komb\u00ebtar, nd\u00ebrsa shumica e mir\u00ebqenies pritej t\u00eb krijohej n\u00eb treg dhe familje. Politika e familjes nuk ishte trajtuar me prioritet, por p\u00ebrgjat\u00eb viteve mori pamjen e saj.<\/span><\/p>\n

Transferet cash p\u00ebr f\u00ebmij\u00eb me politik\u00ebn e re targetojn\u00eb vet\u00ebm f\u00ebmij\u00ebt me aft\u00ebsi t\u00eb kufizuara t\u00eb p\u00ebrhershme, f\u00ebmij\u00ebt e braktisur dhe t\u00eb vendosur n\u00eb komunitet. Ato mbulojn\u00eb m\u00eb pak se 1% t\u00eb popullat\u00ebs s\u00eb f\u00ebmij\u00ebve, \u00e7far\u00eb p\u00ebrb\u00ebn kthim mbrapa n\u00eb raport me periudh\u00ebn pararend\u00ebse.<\/span><\/p>\n

Sh\u00ebrbimet ECEC si infrastruktur\u00eb jan\u00eb trash\u00ebguar kryesisht nga socializmi, ndon\u00ebse jan\u00eb nd\u00ebrtuar edhe disa t\u00eb reja. Kosova ka gjithsej 44 institucione t\u00eb tilla publike (\u00e7erdhe, kopshte p\u00ebr f\u00ebmij\u00eb dhe q\u00ebndrime ditore). Bazuar n\u00eb legjislacionin e vendit, k\u00ebto institucione u japin prioritet grupeve m\u00eb t\u00eb rrezikuara si f\u00ebmij\u00ebve nga familjet e varfra, f\u00ebmij\u00ebt e personave me aft\u00ebsi t\u00eb kufizuara e t\u00eb ardhura t\u00eb ul\u00ebta, t\u00eb veteran\u00ebve etj. N\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb implicite, pritet q\u00eb familjet tjera t\u00eb gjejn\u00eb zgjidhje n\u00eb treg – sidomos p\u00ebrmes institucioneve private dhe kujdestar\u00ebve privat\u00eb. Sh\u00ebrbimet private jan\u00eb rritur vitet e fundit; n\u00eb vitin 2019\/20 kan\u00eb qen\u00eb 159 institucione t\u00eb k\u00ebtilla t\u00eb licencuara, 83 prej t\u00eb cilave gjenden n\u00eb Prishtin\u00eb. Prej vitit 2006 e tutje, gjithashtu jepen klasat p\u00ebrgatitore p\u00ebr f\u00ebmij\u00ebt parashkollor\u00eb (mosha 5-6 vje\u00e7), q\u00eb zgjasin rreth 2.5 or\u00eb n\u00eb dit\u00eb dhe kryesisht organizohen n\u00eb shkolla publike; ndon\u00ebse k\u00ebto klasa nuk jan\u00eb specifikisht obligative me legjislacion, mbulueshm\u00ebria e tyre \u00ebsht\u00eb gatise universale n\u00eb praktik\u00eb.<\/span><\/p>\n

Lejet prind\u00ebrore mbeten t\u00eb koncentruara te pushimi i maternitetit, por nuk financohen m\u00eb nga sigurimet sociale. Fillimisht, rregullorja e UNMIK-ut (2001\/27) vendosi 12 jav\u00eb pushim materniteti me kompensim nga pun\u00ebdh\u00ebn\u00ebsi (pa specifikuar shkall\u00ebn e kompensimit t\u00eb t\u00eb ardhurave). Pastaj, me Ligjin e Pun\u00ebs (2012), pushimi i maternitetit u zgjat n\u00eb form\u00ebn q\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb ende n\u00eb fuqi: gjasht\u00eb muaj t\u00eb kompensuar nga pun\u00ebdh\u00ebn\u00ebsi n\u00eb vler\u00ebn e 70% t\u00eb rrog\u00ebs, tre muaj tjer\u00eb t\u00eb kompensuar nga qeveria n\u00eb vler\u00ebn 50% t\u00eb rrog\u00ebs, dhe t\u00eb drejt\u00ebn e pushimit tremujor shtes\u00eb pa pages\u00eb. Me kontrat\u00ebn kolektive (2014), babai ka t\u00eb drejt\u00eb tri dit\u00eb pushimi me pages\u00eb me rastin e lindjes s\u00eb f\u00ebmij\u00ebs.<\/span><\/p>\n

Kjo politik\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb unike n\u00eb t\u00ebr\u00eb rajonin n\u00eb kuptimin q\u00eb ngarkon kryesisht pun\u00ebdh\u00ebn\u00ebsit dhe p\u00ebrfshin shum\u00eb pak p\u00ebrgjegj\u00ebsi shtet\u00ebrore. Politika e Kosov\u00ebs sa i takon ECEC nuk haset askund n\u00eb entitetet tjera q\u00eb kan\u00eb dal\u00eb nga Jugosllavia ku ato sh\u00ebrbime jepen p\u00ebr f\u00ebmij\u00ebt e prind\u00ebrve me pun\u00eb, pra synojn\u00eb t\u00eb harmonizojn\u00eb pun\u00ebn dhe kujdesin. N\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb aspekt, politika e Kosov\u00ebs i ngjan modelit unik t\u00eb Britanis\u00eb s\u00eb Madhe ku sh\u00ebrbimet ECEC nuk synojn\u00eb nd\u00ebrlidhjen pun\u00eb-kujdes dhe as edukimin universal (si dy parimet m\u00eb t\u00eb p\u00ebrhapura n\u00eb Europ\u00eb). N\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb model ECEC orientohet kah edukimi, por vet\u00ebm duke targetuar grupet e rrezikuara.<\/span><\/p>\n

N\u00eb t\u00ebr\u00ebsin\u00eb e saj, kjo politik\u00eb n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb implicite \u00ebsht\u00eb tejet familjarizuese pasi sh\u00ebrbimet e kujdesit t\u00eb f\u00ebmij\u00ebve mbesin kryesisht t\u00eb jepen n\u00eb sht\u00ebpi. N\u00eb vitin 2019\/20, pa klasat p\u00ebrgatitore, bazuar n\u00eb t\u00eb dh\u00ebnat administrative, mbulueshm\u00ebria e f\u00ebmij\u00ebve (deri n\u00eb 6 vje\u00e7) me ECEC ka qen\u00eb 7.2%; pa institucionet private do t\u00eb ishte 3%. Me rritjen e sh\u00ebrbimeve private, ka nisur t\u00eb v\u00ebrehet dallimi klasor sa i takon qasjes n\u00eb ECEC. Klasat p\u00ebrgatitore jan\u00eb tejet t\u00eb shkurt\u00ebra. Me k\u00ebto transfere t\u00eb kufizuara dhe sh\u00ebrbime shum\u00eb t\u00eb targetuara publike, gruaja me f\u00ebmij\u00eb pengohet t\u00eb punoj\u00eb. Shkalla e pun\u00ebsimit e gruas mbetet e ul\u00ebt (14.1%, 2020). Edhe lejet nga puna nuk mb\u00ebshtesin degjenderizimin n\u00eb kuptim t\u00eb kujdesit p\u00ebr f\u00ebmij\u00ebt, kryerjen e pun\u00ebve t\u00eb sht\u00ebpis\u00eb dhe pun\u00ebn n\u00eb socializmin e f\u00ebmij\u00ebve pasi lejet koncentrohen te n\u00ebna. Kjo struktur\u00eb institucionale (p\u00ebrve\u00e7 normave kulturore) mund t\u00eb jet\u00eb nj\u00eb nga shkaktar\u00ebt kryesor\u00eb t\u00eb k\u00ebtij pun\u00ebsimi shum\u00eb t\u00eb ul\u00ebt t\u00eb gruas, dhe k\u00ebsisoj nj\u00eb parakusht p\u00ebr pabarazin\u00eb e thell\u00eb gjinore. N\u00eb an\u00ebn tjet\u00ebr, edhe pritja se tregu do t\u00eb ofroj\u00eb sh\u00ebrbime, del t\u00eb jet\u00eb shum\u00eb e sfiduar nga realiteti pasi sh\u00ebrbimet private shfaqen kryesisht vet\u00ebm n\u00eb qytetet m\u00eb t\u00eb m\u00ebdha e t\u00eb zhvilluara.<\/span><\/p>\n

Kjo politik\u00eb gjithashtu pamund\u00ebson shumic\u00ebn e f\u00ebmij\u00ebve t\u00eb marrin aft\u00ebsi sociale, t\u00eb m\u00ebsojn\u00eb dhe t\u00eb ushqehen p\u00ebrtej zgjedhjeve q\u00eb ofron familja. Literatura empirike tregon se p\u00ebrdorimi i ECEC-ve \u00ebsht\u00eb d\u00ebshmuar p\u00ebrfitues sidomos p\u00ebr f\u00ebmij\u00ebt e klasave me t\u00eb ulta shoq\u00ebrore duke mund\u00ebsuar q\u00eb ata t\u00eb ken\u00eb pik\u00ebnisje m\u00eb t\u00eb barabart\u00eb dhe sukses n\u00eb m\u00ebsim e socializim gjat\u00eb periudh\u00ebs s\u00eb hershme t\u00eb shkollimit. K\u00ebshtu, mbulueshm\u00ebria e ul\u00ebt e sotme mund t\u00eb \u00e7imentoj\u00eb pabarazit\u00eb sociale t\u00eb t\u00eb rriturve t\u00eb ardhsh\u00ebm.<\/span><\/p>\n

Nismat ligjore qeveritare p\u00ebrmendin pushimin prind\u00ebror<\/b><\/p>\n

Sinjalet e reja, megjithat\u00eb, sugjerojn\u00eb se politika e familjes edhe n\u00eb Kosov\u00eb do t\u00eb b\u00ebhet gjithnj\u00eb e m\u00eb e r\u00ebnd\u00ebsishme brenda politik\u00ebs s\u00eb p\u00ebrgjithshme sociale.<\/span><\/p>\n

Ministria e Pun\u00ebs dhe Mir\u00ebqenies Sociale gjat\u00eb vitit 2020 ka draftuar nj\u00eb projektligj p\u00ebr pushimin e lehonis\u00eb dhe pushimin prind\u00ebror me t\u00eb cilin parasheh shkurtimin e periudh\u00ebs s\u00eb pushimit maternal t\u00eb kompensuar nga pun\u00ebdh\u00ebn\u00ebsi n\u00eb 3 muaj (70%), rritjen e periudh\u00ebs s\u00eb kompensuar nga qeveria (gjasht\u00eb muaj me 50% t\u00eb pag\u00ebs), mban tre muajt shtes\u00eb pa pages\u00eb sipas zgjedhjes, dhe shton edhe kat\u00ebr muaj tjer\u00eb pushim prind\u00ebror p\u00ebr dy prind\u00ebrit t\u00eb cil\u00ebt mund ta marrin k\u00ebt\u00eb pushim n\u00eb t\u00eb nj\u00ebjt\u00ebn koh\u00eb ose ndarazi kurdo derikur f\u00ebmija t\u2019i b\u00ebj\u00eb dy vjet. Gjithashtu, pushimi i babait me rastin e lindjes s\u00eb f\u00ebmij\u00ebs zgjatet n\u00eb 10 dit\u00eb.<\/span><\/p>\n

K\u00ebto ndryshime ulin barr\u00ebn mbi pun\u00ebdh\u00ebn\u00ebsit – \u00e7ka mund t\u00eb motivoj\u00eb ata t\u00eb pun\u00ebsojn\u00eb m\u00eb leht\u00eb grat\u00eb \u2013 dhe mbi t\u00eb gjitha avancojn\u00eb pushimin prind\u00ebror drejt p\u00ebrfshirjes p\u00ebr her\u00eb t\u00eb par\u00eb t\u00eb pushimit prind\u00ebror. Megjithat\u00eb, nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb sqaruar se si financohet pushimi prind\u00ebror dhe deri n\u00eb \u00e7far\u00eb mase. Eksperienca e vendeve tjera tregon q\u00eb pushimi prind\u00ebror p\u00ebr pjes\u00ebn e babait kur ka qen\u00eb i paguar me koh\u00eb ka rezultuar n\u00eb p\u00ebrdorim t\u00eb k\u00ebsaj t\u00eb drejteje, ndryshim t\u00eb normave sociale sa i takon perceptimit t\u00eb pushimit t\u00eb babait, lidhjes m\u00eb t\u00eb mir\u00eb baba-f\u00ebmij\u00eb etj. Nj\u00eb mang\u00ebsi tjet\u00ebr \u00ebsht\u00eb ulja e kompensimit p\u00ebr tre muajt e dyt\u00eb t\u00eb pushimit maternal.<\/span><\/p>\n

Programi i LVV-s\u00eb sinjalizon transformim substancial<\/b><\/p>\n

Transformim shum\u00eb m\u00eb t\u00eb madh n\u00eb politik\u00ebn e familjes, p\u00ebr kontekstin e Kosov\u00ebs, nd\u00ebrkoh\u00eb, paralajm\u00ebron programi me t\u00eb cilin L\u00ebvizja Vet\u00ebvendosje (LVV) garoi dhe fitoi n\u00eb zgjedhje.<\/span>
\n<\/span>LVV paralajm\u00ebron instalimin e transfereve cash universale: 20 euro p\u00ebr secilin f\u00ebmij\u00eb n\u00ebn 2 vje\u00e7; 10 euro p\u00ebr f\u00ebmij\u00ebt 2-16 vje\u00e7. Ajo gjithashtu paralajm\u00ebron \u2013 \u00e7far\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb e af\u00ebrt me at\u00eb q\u00eb njihet si \u201c<\/span>tax credit<\/span><\/i>\u201d \u2013 shtimin e 50 deri n\u00eb 150 eurove n\u00eb vit n\u00eb t\u00eb ardhurat e ul\u00ebta familjare. K\u00ebto transfere do t\u00eb rrisin buxhetin familjar dhe kapacitetin p\u00ebr t\u00eb investuar n\u00eb sh\u00ebrbime t\u00eb kujdesit. Nj\u00eb premtim tjet\u00ebr i nd\u00ebrlidhur q\u00eb do t\u00eb forcoj\u00eb pozit\u00ebn e familjeve ka t\u00eb b\u00ebj\u00eb me politik\u00ebn e saj t\u00eb paralajm\u00ebruar t\u00eb banimit t\u00eb p\u00ebrballuesh\u00ebm p\u00ebr rreth 4 mij\u00eb familje.<\/span><\/p>\n

Premtimi m\u00eb i madh i LVV-s\u00eb nd\u00ebrkoh\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb ai p\u00ebr 160 \u00e7erdhe (institucione t\u00eb sh\u00ebrbimeve ECEC) n\u00eb gjith\u00eb vendin. Me nj\u00eb num\u00ebr t\u00eb k\u00ebtill\u00eb, dhe duke marr\u00eb parasysh\u00eb r\u00ebnien demografike, Kosova mund t\u00eb arrij\u00eb mbulueshm\u00ebri t\u00eb lart\u00eb t\u00eb f\u00ebmijve – \u00e7ka do t\u00eb p\u00ebrb\u00ebnte v\u00ebrtet transformim t\u00eb jasht\u00ebzakonsh\u00ebm t\u00eb shoq\u00ebris\u00eb son\u00eb. Megjithat\u00eb, LVV nuk sqaron se p\u00ebr \u00e7far\u00eb \u00e7erdhesh e ka fjal\u00ebn \u2013 private apo publike; nuk sqaron as se kur do t\u00eb b\u00ebhen ato. Sh\u00ebrbimet publike, bazuar n\u00eb p\u00ebrvojat e vendeve tjera, e b\u00ebjn\u00eb dallimin edhe sa i takon qasjes s\u00eb barabart\u00eb, edhe sa i takon garantimit t\u00eb cil\u00ebsis\u00eb.<\/span>
\n<\/span>
\n<\/span>LVV thot\u00eb se pushimi prind\u00ebror do t\u00eb jet\u00eb 12 muaj dhe do t\u00eb p\u00ebrfshij\u00eb pushimin e babait, por nuk e sqaron m\u00eb tej se si e ka planifikuar k\u00ebt\u00eb politik\u00eb n\u00eb detaje, p\u00ebrfshir\u00eb kompensimin. Megjithat\u00eb, paralajm\u00ebron se do t\u00eb vendos\u00eb gjasht\u00eb muaj pushim me pages\u00eb n\u00eb vler\u00eb 250 euro p\u00ebr t\u00eb gjitha n\u00ebnat e papun\u00ebsuara \u2013 q\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb p\u00ebrparim i duksh\u00ebm n\u00eb drejtim t\u00eb qasjeve t\u00eb vendeve europiane ku nj\u00eb prag minimal i mbrojtjes jepet p\u00ebr t\u00eb gjith\u00eb bazuar n\u00eb n\u00ebnshtet\u00ebsi pavar\u00ebsisht statusit t\u00eb pun\u00ebsimit. P\u00ebrve\u00e7 k\u00ebsaj, LVV paralajm\u00ebron pun\u00eb nj\u00ebvje\u00e7are t\u00eb garantuar, t\u00eb kompensuar nga qeveria, p\u00ebr grupmoshat 16-18 vje\u00e7, \u00e7far\u00eb mund t\u00eb rrit\u00eb pun\u00ebsimin e gruas s\u00eb re.<\/span><\/p>\n

Deri m\u00eb tash kontrata sociale e Kosov\u00ebs ka qen\u00eb e koncentruar te transferet p\u00ebr t\u00eb vjetrit \u2013 dhe shum\u00eb pak e fokusuar n\u00eb popullat\u00ebn n\u00eb mosh\u00eb pune dhe t\u00eb f\u00ebmij\u00ebve, sidomos me politika m\u00eb ambicioze t\u00eb sh\u00ebrbimeve. M\u00eb 2017, n\u00eb <\/span>k\u00ebt\u00eb blog<\/span><\/a>, pat\u00ebm shkruar se evidenca sugjeron q\u00eb barazia gjinore dhe politika m\u00eb e suksesshme e familjes korrelojn\u00eb me pushtetin m\u00eb t\u00eb madh t\u00eb s\u00eb majt\u00ebs. Kat\u00ebr vite m\u00eb von\u00eb, n\u00eb zgjedhjet e 14 shkurtit 2021, n\u00eb baz\u00eb t\u00eb anketave t\u00eb publikuara, rreth 60% t\u00eb grave votuan p\u00ebr LVV-n\u00eb, e cila garoi me program t\u00eb majt\u00eb q\u00eb nis me preokupimet e zhvillimit dhe politik\u00ebs sociale. N\u00ebse ky program jet\u00ebsohet, at\u00ebher\u00eb transformimi do t\u00eb ket\u00eb nisur nga votimet e muajit t\u00eb kaluar.<\/span><\/p>\n

Artikulli \u00ebsht\u00eb botuar fillimisht n\u00eb \u201cKoha p\u00ebr grat\u00eb\u201d \/ Qendra Kosovare p\u00ebr Studime Gjinore, m\u00eb 8 mars 2021. T\u00eb gjitha referencat teorike dhe t\u00eb dh\u00ebnat e p\u00ebrdorura m\u00eb lart\u00eb derivojn\u00eb nga nj\u00eb punim i autorit i prezantuar n\u00eb Konferencen p\u00ebr Marr\u00ebdh\u00ebnie Nd\u00ebrkomb\u00ebtare dhe Shkenc\u00eb Politike t\u00eb Universitetit p\u00ebr Biznes dhe Teknologji (UBT) n\u00eb tetor 2020.<\/span><\/i><\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Kosova ka pasur dhe ka politik\u00eb t\u00eb familjes q\u00eb nuk mb\u00ebshtet degjenderizimin e p\u00ebrgjegj\u00ebsive familjare, defamiljalizimin e kujdesit ndaj f\u00ebmij\u00ebve, dhe pun\u00ebsimin e gruas. Por sinjale t\u00eb mir\u00ebseardhura, sidomos p\u00ebr kontekstin ton\u00eb, po d\u00ebrgohen edhe nga iniciativat aktuale brenda burokracis\u00eb shtet\u00ebrore, edhe nga programi i fituesit t\u00eb zgjedhjeve \u2013 L\u00ebvizjes Vet\u00ebvendosje. N\u00eb kuptimin e ngusht\u00eb, […]<\/p>","protected":false},"author":403,"featured_media":8055,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[13],"tags":[1199],"ppma_author":[689],"class_list":["post-8051","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-analize","tag-destrata"],"authors":[{"term_id":689,"user_id":403,"is_guest":0,"slug":"artan-mustafa","display_name":"Artan Mustafa","avatar_url":{"url":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/artan.jpg","url2x":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/artan.jpg"},"user_url":"","last_name":"Mustafa","first_name":"Artan","description":"Artan Mustafa \u00ebsht\u00eb hulumtues dhe ligj\u00ebrues n\u00eb fush\u00ebn e politik\u00ebs sociale. Ka studiuar shkenc\u00eb politike dhe zhvillim t\u00eb q\u00ebndruesh\u00ebm n\u00eb Universitetin e Vjen\u00ebs, Universitetin Uppsala dhe Universitetin e Prishtin\u00ebs, si dhe ka pasur q\u00ebndrime n\u00eb Universitetin e Missouri-t, t\u00eb Tokios dhe t\u00eb Oslos. Ka punuar n\u00eb gazetari q\u00eb nga viti 2001 dhe ka qen\u00eb kryeredaktor i Gazet\u00ebs Jeta n\u00eb Kosov\u00eb (2011-2013)."}],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8051","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/403"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=8051"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8051\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":8056,"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8051\/revisions\/8056"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/8055"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=8051"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=8051"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=8051"},{"taxonomy":"author","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/ppma_author?post=8051"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}