{"id":8431,"date":"2024-10-16T16:13:39","date_gmt":"2024-10-16T14:13:39","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/?p=8431"},"modified":"2024-10-17T10:05:36","modified_gmt":"2024-10-17T08:05:36","slug":"dekada-e-humbur-stagnimi-i-pagave-ne-kosove","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/en\/analize\/dekada-e-humbur-stagnimi-i-pagave-ne-kosove\/","title":{"rendered":"Dekada e humbur: stagnimi i pagave n\u00eb Kosov\u00eb"},"content":{"rendered":"

Rritja ekonomike e dekad\u00ebs s\u00eb fundit nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb reflektuar mjaftuesh\u00ebm n\u00eb rritjen reale t\u00eb pagave n\u00eb Kosov\u00eb. Rritja e pagave ka ndodhur kryesisht n\u00eb terma nominal\u00eb (pa marr\u00eb parasysh efektin e inflacionit). Pra, rritja reale e pag\u00ebs mesatare \u00ebsht\u00eb pothuajse e pav\u00ebrejtshme.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Paga reale mesatare \u00ebsht\u00eb indikator i r\u00ebnd\u00ebsish\u00ebm n\u00eb ekonomi, duke sh\u00ebrbyer si tregues i p\u00ebrparimit ekonomik t\u00eb nj\u00eb vendi. Ajo pasqyron fuqin\u00eb bler\u00ebse t\u00eb pun\u00ebtor\u00ebve, duke u mund\u00ebsuar atyre p\u00ebrmir\u00ebsimin e cil\u00ebsis\u00eb s\u00eb jet\u00ebs, investimin n\u00eb arsim, sh\u00ebndet\u00ebsi dhe banim, mes t\u00eb tjerash.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

N\u00eb nj\u00eb kuptim m\u00eb t\u00eb gjer\u00eb, rritja e pagave reale tregon nj\u00eb ekonomi m\u00eb produktive, ku fitimet ndahen n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb t\u00eb barabart\u00eb dhe nuk p\u00ebrqendrohen vet\u00ebm n\u00eb nj\u00eb grup t\u00eb caktuar. Rrjedhimisht, mungesa e rritjes reale t\u00eb pagave p\u00ebrb\u00ebn nj\u00eb k\u00ebrc\u00ebnim p\u00ebr nivelin e pabarazis\u00eb dhe q\u00ebndrueshm\u00ebrin\u00eb ekonomike t\u00eb vendit.<\/span><\/p>\n

Rritja e mesatares s\u00eb \u201cpag\u00ebs nominale\u201d kundrejt rritjes s\u00eb \u201cpag\u00ebs reale\u201d<\/b><\/p>\n

N\u00eb Kosov\u00eb, paga mesatare nominale ka arritur vler\u00ebn prej <\/span>506 euro<\/span><\/a> neto m\u00eb 2023. Kjo rritje, n\u00eb mas\u00eb t\u00eb konsiderueshme, \u00ebsht\u00eb ndikuar nga p\u00ebrmir\u00ebsimi i pagave n\u00eb sektorin privat, i cili vitin e kaluar arriti vler\u00ebn prej 459 euro neto n\u00eb muaj.<\/span><\/p>\n

N\u00eb vitin 2023 ka hyr\u00eb n\u00eb fuqi Ligji i Pagave, i cili po ashtu ka ndikuar rritjen e pag\u00ebs mesatare nominale. Si\u00e7 shihet edhe n\u00eb figur\u00ebn m\u00eb posht\u00eb, krahasuar me vitin 2020, ky ligj nuk pati efekt real n\u00eb pag\u00ebn mesatare t\u00eb pun\u00ebtor\u00ebve t\u00eb sektorit publik.<\/span><\/p>\n

Rritja e pag\u00ebs nominale shpjegohet nga dy faktor\u00eb kryesor\u00eb: emigrimi dhe rritja e inflacionit. Trendet e larta t\u00eb emigrimit kan\u00eb shkaktuar munges\u00eb t\u00eb fuqis\u00eb pun\u00ebtore, sidomos n\u00eb disa profesione, duke ushtruar presion p\u00ebr p\u00ebrmir\u00ebsimin e kushteve t\u00eb pun\u00ebs, si dhe rritjes s\u00eb pagave.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Po ashtu, rritja e inflacionit n\u00eb nivele rekord ka ndikuar n\u00eb rritjen e pagave mesatare nominale. Natyrisht, n\u00eb disa sektor\u00eb specifik\u00eb, si\u00e7 \u00ebsht\u00eb sektori i teknologjis\u00eb, pagat mund t\u00eb jen\u00eb rritur skajsh\u00ebm p\u00ebr shkak t\u00eb k\u00ebrkes\u00ebs nga tregjet e jashtme, por ky sektor \u00ebsht\u00eb shum\u00eb i vog\u00ebl p\u00ebr t\u00eb ndikuar ndjesh\u00ebm n\u00eb pag\u00ebn mesatare n\u00eb nivel vendi.<\/span><\/p>\n

Sidoqoft\u00eb, kjo rritje e pagave mesatare n\u00eb vitet e fundit ka ndodhur vet\u00ebm n\u00eb terma nominal\u00eb, pasi kur i p\u00ebrshtatim me indeksin e \u00e7mimeve t\u00eb konsumit, nuk ka pasur rritje t\u00eb pag\u00ebs mesatare reale q\u00eb nga viti 2018.<\/span><\/p>\n

Grafiku m\u00eb posht\u00eb tregon trendin e pag\u00ebs mesatare n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb t\u00eb p\u00ebrgjithshme dhe sipas sektorit privat dhe publik p\u00ebrgjat\u00eb 11 vjet\u00ebve t\u00eb fundit:<\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

Cilat jan\u00eb pasojat potenciale p\u00ebr Kosov\u00ebn?<\/b><\/p>\n

T\u00eb dh\u00ebnat e Agjencis\u00eb s\u00eb Statistikave t\u00eb paraqitura n\u00eb grafik tregojn\u00eb se pagat mesatare reale nga viti 2012 jan\u00eb rritur mesatarisht p\u00ebr vet\u00ebm p\u00ebr 1% n\u00eb vit. Me fjal\u00eb t\u00eb tjera, gjat\u00eb k\u00ebsaj periudhe kohore ka pasur nj\u00eb rritje t\u00eb pag\u00ebs reale prej 42 euro, ose mesatarisht rreth 3.8 euro n\u00eb vit.<\/span><\/p>\n

Kjo p\u00ebrb\u00ebn nj\u00eb shqet\u00ebsim serioz, pasi stagnimi i pagave do t\u00eb thot\u00eb se aft\u00ebsia e pun\u00ebtor\u00ebve p\u00ebr t\u00eb p\u00ebrmbushur nevojat e tyre mbetet e nj\u00ebjt\u00eb. Kjo ul k\u00ebrkes\u00ebn e brendshme dhe me kalimin e koh\u00ebs e ngadal\u00ebson rritjen ekonomike, duke krijuar nj\u00eb cik\u00ebl t\u00eb ngadalsh\u00ebm mes produktivitetit dhe rritjes s\u00eb pagave.<\/span><\/p>\n

Pasojat e stagnimit t\u00eb pagave reale jan\u00eb m\u00eb t\u00eb thella sesa thjesht ndikimi n\u00eb konsum. Nj\u00eb nga efektet m\u00eb shqet\u00ebsuese \u00ebsht\u00eb rritja e emigrimit. Kosova, si shum\u00eb vende t\u00eb tjera t\u00eb Ballkanit, ka p\u00ebrjetuar rritje enorme t\u00eb emigrimit, ve\u00e7an\u00ebrisht mes t\u00eb rinjve dhe profesionist\u00ebve. K\u00ebta t\u00eb rinj nuk largohen vet\u00ebm p\u00ebr paga m\u00eb t\u00eb larta, por p\u00ebr nj\u00eb jet\u00eb m\u00eb t\u00eb mir\u00eb dhe m\u00eb shum\u00eb mund\u00ebsi profesionale.<\/span><\/p>\n

N\u00ebse pagat reale n\u00eb Kosov\u00eb nuk rriten, vendi do t\u00eb p\u00ebrballet vazhdimisht me largimin e rinis\u00eb dhe profesionist\u00ebve, gj\u00eb q\u00eb e ul potencialin ekonomik t\u00eb vendit, duke e dob\u00ebsuar m\u00eb tej ekonomin\u00eb.<\/span><\/p>\n

Si krahasohet Kosova me vendet e tjera?<\/b><\/p>\n

Raporti i Pagave<\/span><\/a> i Organizat\u00ebs Nd\u00ebrkomb\u00ebtare t\u00eb Pun\u00ebs tregon q\u00eb rritja mesatare e pagave reale n\u00eb vendet n\u00eb zhvillim, n\u00eb periudh\u00ebn para pandemis\u00eb, ka qen\u00eb rreth 3% n\u00eb vit.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Disa vende t\u00eb Azis\u00eb kan\u00eb p\u00ebrjetuar rritje edhe m\u00eb t\u00eb madhe. P\u00ebr shembull, pagat mesatare reale n\u00eb Kin\u00eb jan\u00eb dyfishuar n\u00eb dekad\u00ebn e fundit, me nj\u00eb rritje prej 9-10% n\u00eb vit. Norma t\u00eb ngjashme rritjeje jan\u00eb regjistruar edhe n\u00eb Indonezi dhe Vietnam.<\/span><\/p>\n

N\u00eb nivel rajonal, sipas nj\u00eb <\/span>raporti<\/span><\/a> t\u00eb Bank\u00ebs Bot\u00ebrore, Kosova ka ngecur n\u00eb nivelin e pagave reale, krahasuar me vendet e tjera t\u00eb Ballkanit Per\u00ebndimor.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Shqip\u00ebria dhe Bosnja kan\u00eb pasur rritje t\u00eb pagave dy her\u00eb m\u00eb t\u00eb madhe sesa Kosova, nd\u00ebrsa Maqedonia e Veriut dhe Serbia kan\u00eb p\u00ebrjetuar rritje pothuajse trefish m\u00eb t\u00eb madhe.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Kjo ngecje e vazhdueshme e rritjes s\u00eb pagave reale, mbi t\u00eb gjitha, tregon p\u00ebr modelin ekonomik t\u00eb vendit, i cili \u00ebsht\u00eb i paaft\u00eb t\u00eb krijoj\u00eb vende t\u00eb pun\u00ebs q\u00eb bazohen n\u00eb sektor\u00eb produktiv\u00eb dhe inovativ\u00eb.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00c7far\u00eb politika duhet t\u00eb nd\u00ebrmerren?\u00a0<\/b><\/p>\n

P\u00ebr t\u00eb mund\u00ebsuar p\u00ebrmir\u00ebsimin e pagave reale n\u00eb vend, Qeveria e Kosov\u00ebs duhet t\u00eb angazhohet n\u00eb p\u00ebrpilimin e nj\u00eb strategjie efektive. N\u00eb zem\u00ebr t\u00eb \u00e7do strategjie p\u00ebr rritjen e pagave reale duhet t\u00eb jet\u00eb krijimi i vendeve efektive dhe produktive t\u00eb pun\u00ebs.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Krijimi i k\u00ebtyre vendeve t\u00eb pun\u00ebs bazohet n\u00eb nj\u00eb <\/span>strategji t\u00eb zhvillimit<\/span><\/a> q\u00eb v\u00eb produktivitetin n\u00eb qend\u00ebr. N\u00eb Kosov\u00eb, pjesa m\u00eb e madhe e fuqis\u00eb pun\u00ebtore \u00ebsht\u00eb e p\u00ebrqendruar n\u00eb sektor\u00eb me paga t\u00eb ul\u00ebta, si tregtia me pakic\u00eb, gastronomia dhe nd\u00ebrtimi. K\u00ebta sektor\u00eb jan\u00eb t\u00eb njohur p\u00ebr pagat e ul\u00ebta, mund\u00ebsit\u00eb e kufizuara p\u00ebr avancim dhe kushtet e pasigurta t\u00eb pun\u00ebs.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

P\u00ebr t\u00eb ndryshuar k\u00ebt\u00eb dinamik\u00eb, politik\u00ebb\u00ebr\u00ebsit duhet t\u00eb nxisin krijimin e vendeve t\u00eb pun\u00ebs n\u00eb sektor\u00eb me paga t\u00eb larta, si teknologjia e informacionit, financat dhe sh\u00ebrbimet digjitale.<\/span><\/p>\n

Vendet q\u00eb kan\u00eb par\u00eb rritje t\u00eb q\u00ebndrueshme t\u00eb pagave kan\u00eb nd\u00ebrtuar nj\u00eb baz\u00eb t\u00eb fort\u00eb t\u00eb industrive t\u00eb kualifikuara dhe me produktivitet t\u00eb lart\u00eb. N\u00eb t\u00eb kund\u00ebrt\u00ebn, ekonomit\u00eb q\u00eb mb\u00ebshteten kryesisht n\u00eb sektor\u00ebt e ul\u00ebt t\u00eb aft\u00ebsive kan\u00eb v\u00ebshtir\u00ebsi n\u00eb gjenerimin e rritjes s\u00eb nevojshme t\u00eb pagave p\u00ebr p\u00ebrmir\u00ebsimin e standardeve t\u00eb jetes\u00ebs.<\/span><\/p>\n

Kosova nuk mund ta p\u00ebrballoj\u00eb edhe nj\u00eb dekad\u00eb tjet\u00ebr me paga t\u00eb stagnuara. Megjithat\u00eb, pa nj\u00eb shtys\u00eb t\u00eb fort\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u00eb rritur pagat, vendi rrezikon t\u00eb ngec\u00eb n\u00eb nj\u00eb kurth t\u00eb pagave t\u00eb ul\u00ebta dhe produktivitetit t\u00eb dob\u00ebt, gj\u00eb q\u00eb do t\u00eb pengoj\u00eb zhvillimin afatgjat\u00eb.<\/span><\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Rritja ekonomike e dekad\u00ebs s\u00eb fundit nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb reflektuar mjaftuesh\u00ebm n\u00eb rritjen reale t\u00eb pagave n\u00eb Kosov\u00eb. Rritja e pagave ka ndodhur kryesisht n\u00eb terma nominal\u00eb (pa marr\u00eb parasysh efektin e inflacionit). Pra, rritja reale e pag\u00ebs mesatare \u00ebsht\u00eb pothuajse e pav\u00ebrejtshme.\u00a0 Paga reale mesatare \u00ebsht\u00eb indikator i r\u00ebnd\u00ebsish\u00ebm n\u00eb ekonomi, duke sh\u00ebrbyer si tregues […]<\/p>","protected":false},"author":441,"featured_media":8441,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[13],"tags":[1345,624,1346,1049],"ppma_author":[1012],"class_list":["post-8431","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-analize","tag-inflacioni","tag-kryesore","tag-pagat","tag-zhvillimi-ekonomik"],"authors":[{"term_id":1012,"user_id":441,"is_guest":0,"slug":"albian-krasniqi","display_name":"Albian Krasniqi","avatar_url":{"url":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/albiani.png","url2x":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/albiani.png"},"user_url":"","last_name":"Krasniqi","first_name":"Albian","description":"Albian Krasniqi \u00ebsht\u00eb kandidat p\u00ebr doktoratur\u00eb n\u00eb Universitetin Teknologjik t\u00eb Dublinit, duke u specializuar p\u00ebr tregun e pun\u00ebs. Paraprakisht ka mbaruar studimet master p\u00ebr ekonomi t\u00eb zhvillimit, n\u00eb Universitetin e Sussexit, n\u00eb Angli. Albiani ka p\u00ebrvoj\u00eb pune si ekonomist n\u00eb institucionet vendore dhe organizatat nd\u00ebrkomb\u00ebtare."}],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8431","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/441"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=8431"}],"version-history":[{"count":5,"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8431\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":8447,"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8431\/revisions\/8447"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/8441"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=8431"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=8431"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=8431"},{"taxonomy":"author","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/ppma_author?post=8431"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}