{"id":11056,"date":"2024-12-13T14:24:07","date_gmt":"2024-12-13T12:24:07","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/?p=11056"},"modified":"2024-12-13T14:24:07","modified_gmt":"2024-12-13T12:24:07","slug":"buxheti-i-kosoves-per-vitin-2025-qeveria-zgjedh-populizmin-perpara-ambicies","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/sr\/analize\/buxheti-i-kosoves-per-vitin-2025-qeveria-zgjedh-populizmin-perpara-ambicies\/","title":{"rendered":"Buxheti i Kosov\u00ebs p\u00ebr vitin 2025: Qeveria zgjedh populizmin p\u00ebrpara ambicies"},"content":{"rendered":"

Prezantimi i buxhetit t\u00eb qeveris\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb nga ngjarjet m\u00eb t\u00eb r\u00ebnd\u00ebsishme t\u00eb vitit. N\u00eb ekonomit\u00eb e zhvilluara, prezantimet e k\u00ebtilla nxisin diskutime t\u00eb gjera q\u00eb e tejkalojn\u00eb politik\u00ebn. Buxheti \u00ebsht\u00eb m\u00eb shum\u00eb sesa nj\u00eb planifikim i t\u00eb ardhurave dhe shpenzimeve \u2013 sh\u00ebrben si deklarat\u00eb e q\u00ebllimeve, q\u00ebndrim politik dhe pasqyr\u00eb e performanc\u00ebs s\u00eb qeveris\u00eb.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

S\u00eb fundmi, n\u00eb Parlament u miratua Buxheti i Kosov\u00ebs p\u00ebr vitin 2025. Gj\u00ebja e par\u00eb q\u00eb dallohet n\u00eb buxhetin e vitit 2025 \u00ebsht\u00eb mungesa e ambicies. N\u00eb t\u00eb shkuar\u00ebn, qeverit\u00eb, t\u00eb prirura p\u00ebr t\u2019i fituar zgjedhjet nacionale, prezantuan projekte kapitale ambicioze, shum\u00eb nga t\u00eb cil\u00ebt u ballafaquan me kritika p\u00ebr koston e lart\u00eb t\u00eb tyre. Po sikur n\u00eb pes\u00eb vitet e m\u00ebparshme, ky buxhet nuk p\u00ebrmban nisma t\u00eb tilla.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Parashikimi i rritjes ekonomike p\u00ebr vitet vijuese nga Banka Bot\u00ebrore tregon se Kosova mbetet n\u00eb <\/span>shkall\u00ebn e rritjes 3-4%<\/span><\/a>. N\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb pik\u00eb, <\/span>ekspert\u00ebt<\/span><\/a> vler\u00ebsojn\u00eb se Kosov\u00ebs mund t\u2019i duhen 40 vite p\u00ebr t\u00eb arritur standardin mesatar europian t\u00eb jetes\u00ebs. <\/span><\/p>\n

Historikisht, qeveria e Kosov\u00ebs ka pasur telashe me mir\u00ebplanifikim. K\u00ebt\u00eb vit, shkalla e zbatimit ka qen\u00eb e ul\u00ebt \u2013 n\u00eb 10 muajt e par\u00eb t\u00eb vitit 2024, jan\u00eb shpenzuar <\/span>vet\u00ebm 45%<\/span><\/a> e fondeve t\u00eb alokuara p\u00ebr projekte kapitale. Megjith\u00ebk\u00ebt\u00eb, shpesh t\u00eb fokusuarit mbi shum\u00ebn e shpenzuar e l\u00eb n\u00eb hije nj\u00eb pyetje m\u00eb kritike: <\/span>Ku po shpenzohen parat\u00eb<\/span><\/a>? <\/span><\/p>\n

P\u00ebr shembull, ndon\u00ebse disa projekte infrastrukturore jan\u00eb t\u00eb nevojshme, buxheti p\u00ebrmban nd\u00ebrtimin e disa shkollave n\u00eb zonat rurale ku numri i nx\u00ebn\u00ebsve \u00ebsht\u00eb n\u00eb r\u00ebnie e sip\u00ebr, duke shp\u00ebrfaqur k\u00ebsisoj munges\u00eb t\u00eb planifikimit strategjik.\u00a0\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Edhe pse asnj\u00eb projekt madhor kapital nuk realizohet brenda nj\u00eb viti, planifikimi i tij n\u00eb buxhet mund ta rris\u00eb besimin n\u00eb sektorin privat. Sidoqoft\u00eb, n\u00eb vend t\u00eb prezentimit t\u00eb planeve t\u00eb guximshme, qeveria ka zgjedhur masa populiste me munges\u00eb t\u00eb vizionit, t\u00eb cilat e minojn\u00eb zhvillimin potencial afatgjat\u00eb t\u00eb vendit.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Fondi Sovran i Kosov\u00ebs dhe Banka p\u00ebr Zhvillim nuk pasqyrohen n\u00eb buxhet\u00a0<\/b><\/p>\n

Vizioni afatgjat\u00eb i qeveris\u00eb p\u00ebr rritje ekonomike bazohet n\u00eb dy nisma ky\u00e7e: Fondi Sovran dhe Banka p\u00ebr Zhvillim \u2013 asnj\u00ebra nga to nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb p\u00ebrfshir\u00eb n\u00eb buxhetin p\u00ebr vitin 2025.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Derisa fondet sovrane zakonisht ngriten n\u00eb vende me teprica buxhetore t\u00eb pasura me burime, Fondi Sovran i Kosov\u00ebs do t\u2019i menaxhonte asetet nga privatizimi dhe nd\u00ebrmarrjet shtet\u00ebrore, me mandat p\u00ebr t\u00eb krijuar nd\u00ebrmarrje t\u00eb reja publike \u2013 q\u00ebllim paksa kund\u00ebrintuitiv marr\u00eb parasysh historikun e performanc\u00ebs s\u00eb tyre.\u00a0 Me mandatin kat\u00ebrvje\u00e7ar t\u00eb qeveris\u00eb q\u00eb po p\u00ebrfundon, Fondi Sovran mbetet jofunksional, i vonuar nga \u00e7\u00ebshtjet ligjore, burokratike dhe t\u00eb rekrutimit.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Ngjash\u00ebm, Banka p\u00ebr Zhvillim synonte t\u2019i mb\u00ebshteste bizneset me kufizime kreditore, t\u00eb stimulonte rritjen dhe t\u00eb nxiste eksportin n\u00eb sektor\u00eb t\u00eb caktuar. Mungesa e alokimit t\u00eb buxhetit p\u00ebr k\u00ebto nisma nxjerr n\u00eb pah mosp\u00ebrputhjen midis q\u00ebllimeve t\u00eb qeveris\u00eb dhe planifikimit t\u00eb saj fiskal, duke ngritur pyetje rreth nevoj\u00ebs dhe fizibilitetit t\u00eb k\u00ebtyre institucioneve.\u00a0\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Populizmi n\u00eb buxhetet e vitit zgjedhor\u00a0<\/b><\/p>\n

Buxheti p\u00ebr vitin 2025 pasqyron trendin e njohur t\u00eb populizmit t\u00eb vitit zgjedhor. N\u00eb vitin 2010, qeveria nd\u00ebrmori nj\u00eb <\/span>ngritje masive t\u00eb pagave prej 50%<\/span><\/a> n\u00eb sektorin publik, l\u00ebvizje kjo q\u00eb u <\/span>kritikua gjer\u00ebsisht<\/span><\/a> si e paq\u00ebndrueshme dhe populiste. Ndon\u00ebse kufizohet nga rregullat fiskale t\u00eb miratuara pas vitit 2010, buxheti p\u00ebr vitin 2025 e pasqyron k\u00ebt\u00eb tendenc\u00eb. <\/span><\/p>\n

Buxheti planifikon rritje t\u00eb pagave dhe ndihmave sociale, q\u00eb llogariten t\u00eb jen\u00eb rreth 250 milion\u00eb euro \u2013 afro 2.5% e BPV-s\u00eb. Edhe pse mund t\u00eb sigurojn\u00eb ndihm\u00eb t\u00eb menj\u00ebhershme dhe ta rrisin mb\u00ebshtetjen elektorale, k\u00ebto masa ngrisin shqet\u00ebsime serioze rreth q\u00ebndrueshm\u00ebris\u00eb afatgjat\u00eb. Ndon\u00ebse vitin e fundit inflacioni \u00ebsht\u00eb zbutur, vala e madhe e shpenzimeve rrezikon ta rikthej\u00eb ngritjen e \u00e7mimeve n\u00eb t\u00eb ardhmen.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Reformat e vonuara t\u00eb skemave sociale\u00a0<\/b><\/p>\n

Qeveria \u00ebsht\u00eb angazhuar p\u00ebr reformimin e programeve sociale duke marr\u00eb nj\u00eb <\/span>kredi<\/span><\/a> nga Banka Bot\u00ebrore. Q\u00ebllimi i k\u00ebtyre reformave \u00ebsht\u00eb t\u00eb standardizohen skemat e ndihmave sociale dhe t\u00eb themelohet nj\u00eb korniz\u00eb e qart\u00eb p\u00ebr rritjen e tyre. <\/span><\/p>\n

Lidhja e programeve sociale me inflacionin dhe rritjen ekonomike mund t\u00eb ndihmoj\u00eb n\u00eb eliminimin e vendimeve t\u00eb nxitura politikisht gjat\u00eb viteve zgjedhore. Th\u00ebn\u00eb ndryshe, n\u00eb vend t\u00eb implementimit arbitrar t\u00eb ndryshimeve t\u00eb atyp\u00ebratyshme n\u00eb skemat sociale, vlera e tyre do t\u00eb rritej gradualisht, duke e zvog\u00ebluar ndikimin e mundsh\u00ebm n\u00eb \u00e7mime.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Ngjash\u00ebm me reformat tjera t\u00eb m\u00ebdha q\u00eb jan\u00eb premtuar, rishikimi i ndihmave sociale akoma nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb p\u00ebrfunduar, duke e rritur edhe m\u00eb tej list\u00ebn e nismave shum\u00eb t\u00eb vonuara.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Buxhet me munges\u00eb t\u00eb transparenc\u00ebs, llogaridh\u00ebnies dhe barazis\u00eb<\/b><\/p>\n

Problematik\u00eb e dukshme me procesin e buxhetit t\u00eb Kosov\u00ebs \u00ebsht\u00eb mungesa e transparenc\u00ebs. N\u00eb shumic\u00ebn e vendeve, bashk\u00eb me buxhetin publikohet edhe nj\u00eb raport i holl\u00ebsish\u00ebm me informata p\u00ebr buxhetin p\u00ebr t\u2019i informuar qytetar\u00ebt me p\u00ebrmbajtjen e tij. N\u00eb Kosov\u00eb, shpesh ky dokument shfaqet pas disa muajve dhe ofron vet\u00ebm informata sip\u00ebrfaq\u00ebsore.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

P\u00ebrve\u00e7 k\u00ebsaj, Kosova nuk e zbaton buxhetimin programor, qasje kjo q\u00eb lidh shpenzimet qeveritare me programe specifike dhe rezultate t\u00eb matshme. Kjo metod\u00eb lejon gjurmim m\u00eb t\u00eb mir\u00eb se si p\u00ebrdoren fondet publike dhe, me lidhjen e shpenzimeve me rezultate t\u00eb prekshme, siguron llogaridh\u00ebnie.\u00a0\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Ngjash\u00ebm, Kosova nuk p\u00ebrdor\u00eb buxhetimin gjinor \u2013 mjet jetik p\u00ebr vler\u00ebsimin dhe trajtimin e ndikimeve t\u00eb ndryshme t\u00eb politikave fiskale te burrat dhe grat\u00eb. Buxhetimi gjinor siguron q\u00eb gjat\u00eb alokimit t\u00eb burimeve t\u00eb merren parasysh pabarazit\u00eb gjinore dhe promovon barazin\u00eb duke integruar perspektivat gjinore n\u00eb t\u00eb gjitha etapat e procesit t\u00eb buxhetimit.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Mungesa e t\u00eb dyja qasjeve e b\u00ebn sfidues p\u00ebr publikun vler\u00ebsimin e efi\u00e7ienc\u00ebs s\u00eb alokimeve buxhetore apo t\u00eb garantuarit se burimet po shp\u00ebrndahen n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb t\u00eb drejt\u00eb dhe efikase.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Dinamika e borxhit shfaq kalimin drejt huamarrjes nga jasht\u00eb<\/b><\/p>\n

P\u00ebr t\u00eb par\u00ebn her\u00eb, borxhi publik i Kosov\u00ebs m\u00eb shum\u00eb do t\u00eb mb\u00ebshtetet te kreditor\u00ebt e jasht\u00ebm sesa te huamarrja e brendshme. Ekonomisti Paul Krugman argumenton se borxhi i brendsh\u00ebm \u00ebsht\u00eb m\u00eb i q\u00ebndruesh\u00ebm sepse n\u00eb thelb jan\u00eb \u201c<\/span>para q\u00eb duhet t\u2019ia kthejm\u00eb vetes<\/span><\/a>\u201d, me pages\u00ebn e interesit q\u00eb mbetet brenda vendit. <\/span><\/p>\n

Ndon\u00ebse niveli i borxhit t\u00eb Kosov\u00ebs mbetet i menaxhuesh\u00ebm dhe kredit\u00eb e huaja nuk jan\u00eb shum\u00eb t\u00eb kushtueshme, kalimi te huamarrja e jashtme v\u00eb n\u00eb pah paaft\u00ebsin\u00eb e qeveris\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u00eb ngritur fonde brenda vendit.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

P\u00ebr m\u00eb tep\u00ebr, qeveria nuk i ka rihapur t\u00eb shum\u00ebpromovuarat \u201cBono t\u00eb Diaspor\u00ebs\u201d, duke pasqyruar interesin e kufizuar t\u00eb diaspor\u00ebs kosovare p\u00ebr t\u2019i dh\u00ebn\u00eb hua shtetit.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Debati i munguar<\/b><\/p>\n

Nj\u00eb nga aspektet m\u00eb zhg\u00ebnjyese t\u00eb buxhetit p\u00ebr vitin 2025 \u2013 po sikur me paraprak\u00ebt \u2013 \u00ebsht\u00eb mungesa e debatit kuptimplot\u00eb. Shoq\u00ebria civile, e cila duhet t\u00eb luaj\u00eb rolin kryesor p\u00ebr t\u00eb k\u00ebrkuar llogari p\u00ebr politikat qeveritare, ka qen\u00eb kryesisht e paz\u00ebshme. Ndon\u00ebse ekzistojn\u00eb disa raporte mbi buxhetin, ata kryesisht kan\u00eb munges\u00eb t\u00eb analiz\u00ebs kritike dhe fokusohen m\u00eb shum\u00eb n\u00eb aspektet p\u00ebrshkruese t\u00eb t\u00eb ardhurave dhe shpenzimeve.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Masat populiste, si\u00e7 jan\u00eb: rritja e pagave dhe ndihmave sociale, nj\u00ebher\u00eb u kritikuan si \u201cpolitika p\u00ebr blerje t\u00eb vot\u00ebs\u201d, kurse tani po pranohen si \u201cpolitika fiskale\u201d. Kjo munges\u00eb e angazhimit e dob\u00ebson llogaridh\u00ebnien demokratike dhe e privon qeverin\u00eb nga reagimet konstruktive.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

P\u00ebr ta p\u00ebrmbyllur, buxheti i Kosov\u00ebs p\u00ebr vitin 2025 nuk ofron ambicie p\u00ebr t\u00eb ardhmen afatmesme ekonomike t\u00eb vendit. Teksa e ruan disiplin\u00ebn fiskale, buxheti mbetet i rr\u00ebnjosur n\u00eb tendencat populiste, tipike p\u00ebr vitet zgjedhore. Udh\u00ebheq\u00ebsit e Kosov\u00ebs, shoq\u00ebria civile dhe qytetar\u00ebt duhet t\u00eb k\u00ebrkojn\u00eb m\u00eb shum\u00eb \u2013 jo vet\u00ebm m\u00eb shum\u00eb shpenzime, por shpenzime m\u00eb t\u00eb men\u00e7ura; jo vet\u00ebm infrastruktur\u00eb, por projekte t\u00eb kualitetit m\u00eb t\u00eb lart\u00eb; jo vet\u00ebm numra, por vizion p\u00ebr t\u00eb ardhmen e q\u00ebndrueshme dhe prosperuese t\u00eb vendit.\u00a0\u00a0<\/span><\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Prezantimi i buxhetit t\u00eb qeveris\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb nga ngjarjet m\u00eb t\u00eb r\u00ebnd\u00ebsishme t\u00eb vitit. N\u00eb ekonomit\u00eb e zhvilluara, prezantimet e k\u00ebtilla nxisin diskutime t\u00eb gjera q\u00eb e tejkalojn\u00eb politik\u00ebn. Buxheti \u00ebsht\u00eb m\u00eb shum\u00eb sesa nj\u00eb planifikim i t\u00eb ardhurave dhe shpenzimeve \u2013 sh\u00ebrben si deklarat\u00eb e q\u00ebllimeve, q\u00ebndrim politik dhe pasqyr\u00eb e performanc\u00ebs s\u00eb qeveris\u00eb.\u00a0 […]<\/p>","protected":false},"author":441,"featured_media":11057,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[13],"tags":[2042,2041,1366,2043,972,624,1396],"ppma_author":[1012],"class_list":["post-11056","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-analize","tag-banka-per-zhvillim","tag-buxheti-i-kosoves","tag-ekonomia","tag-fondi-sovran","tag-kosove","tag-kryesore","tag-qeveria"],"authors":[{"term_id":1012,"user_id":441,"is_guest":0,"slug":"albian-krasniqi","display_name":"Albian Krasniqi","avatar_url":{"url":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/albiani.png","url2x":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/albiani.png"},"user_url":"","last_name":"Krasniqi","first_name":"Albian","description":"Albian Krasniqi \u00ebsht\u00eb kandidat p\u00ebr doktoratur\u00eb n\u00eb Universitetin Teknologjik t\u00eb Dublinit, duke u specializuar p\u00ebr tregun e pun\u00ebs. Paraprakisht ka mbaruar studimet master p\u00ebr ekonomi t\u00eb zhvillimit, n\u00eb Universitetin e Sussexit, n\u00eb Angli. Albiani ka p\u00ebrvoj\u00eb pune si ekonomist n\u00eb institucionet vendore dhe organizatat nd\u00ebrkomb\u00ebtare."}],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/sr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11056","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/sr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/sr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/sr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/441"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/sr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=11056"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/sr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11056\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":11060,"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/sr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11056\/revisions\/11060"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/sr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/11057"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/sr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=11056"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/sr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=11056"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/sr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=11056"},{"taxonomy":"author","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/sr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/ppma_author?post=11056"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}