Aty ku mendojm\u00eb se f\u00ebmij\u00ebt jan\u00eb m\u00eb t\u00eb sigurt se \u00e7dokund tjet\u00ebr, pra n\u00eb \u00e7erdhe apo kopshte, shpeshher\u00eb ndodh krejt\u00ebsisht e kund\u00ebrta. Disa institucione parashkollore shnd\u00ebrrohen n\u00eb ambient dhune p\u00ebr f\u00ebmij\u00ebt.<\/p>\n
Rastet<\/a> e fundit t\u00eb dhun\u00ebs ndaj f\u00ebmij\u00ebve n\u00eb institucionet parashkollore n\u00eb Kosov\u00eb e kan\u00eb nxjerr\u00eb n\u00eb pah nj\u00eb gj\u00eb t\u00eb till\u00eb. S\u00eb fundmi \u00ebsht\u00eb raportuar se nj\u00eb edukatore ka ushtruar dhun\u00eb ndaj nj\u00eb f\u00ebmije dyvje\u00e7ar.<\/p>\n Dhuna ndaj f\u00ebmij\u00ebve n\u00eb institucione parashkollore n\u00eb Kosov\u00eb vazhdon t\u00eb jet\u00eb fenomen shqet\u00ebsues, megjith\u00ebse statistikat p\u00ebr rastet e dhun\u00ebs brenda k\u00ebtyre institucioneve mungojn\u00eb.<\/p>\n Kjo ndodh kryesisht p\u00ebr shkak se rastet nuk raportohen, duke kaluar n\u00eb heshtje dhe duke mos u adresuar n\u00eb institucionet p\u00ebrkat\u00ebse. Prind\u00ebrit shpeshher\u00eb ndihen t\u00eb pafuqish\u00ebm dhe detyrohen ta kalojn\u00eb ngjarjen pa arritur q\u00eb ta \u201czgjidhin\u201d at\u00eb.<\/p>\n Dhuna ndaj f\u00ebmij\u00ebve, sidomos ajo q\u00eb ndodh n\u00eb institucionet parashkollore, \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb problem shum\u00ebdimensional, me pasoja n\u00eb rrafshin individual, familjar dhe t\u00eb komunitetit.<\/p>\n Me fjal\u00eb t\u00eb tjera, ndikimi i dhun\u00ebs shtrihet p\u00ebrtej individ\u00ebve t\u00eb p\u00ebrfshir\u00eb dhe mund t\u00eb ket\u00eb pasoja t\u00eb gjata dhe t\u00eb nd\u00ebrlikuara edhe p\u00ebr shoq\u00ebrin\u00eb si nj\u00eb t\u00ebr\u00ebsi. Dhuna, n\u00eb \u00e7do form\u00eb t\u00eb saj, mund t\u00eb d\u00ebmtoj\u00eb marr\u00ebdh\u00ebniet, besimin, si dhe ndjenj\u00ebn e siguris\u00eb n\u00eb komunitet p\u00ebr nj\u00eb koh\u00eb t\u00eb gjat\u00eb.<\/p>\n N\u00eb shoq\u00ebrin\u00eb kosovare, dhuna ndaj f\u00ebmij\u00ebve akoma konsiderohet si di\u00e7ka shum\u00eb private dhe personale. Pra, ajo \u00e7ka ndodh brenda mureve t\u00eb nj\u00eb sht\u00ebpie i takon vet\u00ebm familjes. Mend\u00ebsia e nj\u00ebjt\u00eb p\u00ebrdoret edhe n\u00eb institucione.<\/p>\n Modelet e disiplinimit t\u00eb f\u00ebmij\u00ebve brenda institucioneve parashkollore shpeshher\u00eb orientohen nga format e dhun\u00ebs fizike, duke e konsideruar at\u00eb si nj\u00eb model t\u00eb duhur, apo nj\u00eb form\u00eb q\u00eb \u00e7doher\u00eb dhe n\u00eb \u00e7do koh\u00eb prodhon rezultat pozitiv.<\/p>\n Por, n\u00eb fakt, dhuna e cil\u00ebsdo form\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb mjet i gabuar. Dhuna ndaj f\u00ebmij\u00ebve ka pasoja t\u00eb m\u00ebdha n\u00eb sh\u00ebndetin dhe mir\u00ebqenien psikologjike t\u00eb f\u00ebmij\u00ebve. N\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb t\u00eb ve\u00e7ant\u00eb, abuzimi emocional dhe neglizhenca shoq\u00ebrohen me nj\u00eb gam\u00eb t\u00eb gjer\u00eb rezultatesh<\/a> afatgjata negative sh\u00ebndet\u00ebsore dhe zhvillimore.<\/p>\n P\u00ebr m\u00eb tep\u00ebr, trauma e abuzimit ndaj f\u00ebmij\u00ebve b\u00ebn q\u00eb f\u00ebmij\u00ebt t\u00eb humbasin ndjenj\u00ebn e siguris\u00eb dhe besimit, duke d\u00ebmtuar k\u00ebshtu marr\u00ebdh\u00ebniet e tyre me bashk\u00ebmoshatar\u00ebt dhe an\u00ebtar\u00ebt e familjes.<\/p>\n N\u00ebse nuk trajtohet me koh\u00eb, trauma e abuzimit ndaj f\u00ebmij\u00ebve mund t\u00eb shkaktoj\u00eb probleme t\u00eb tjera t\u00eb sh\u00ebndetit mendor<\/a>, si depresioni, ankthi dhe simptomat e \u00e7rregullimit t\u00eb stresit post-traumatik (PTSD).<\/p>\n N\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb drejtim, studimet<\/a> kan\u00eb treguar se f\u00ebmij\u00ebt e ekspozuar ndaj dhun\u00ebs kan\u00eb m\u00eb shum\u00eb gjasa t\u00eb braktisin shkoll\u00ebn, t\u00eb ken\u00eb v\u00ebshtir\u00ebsi n\u00eb gjetjen dhe mbajtjen e nj\u00eb pune dhe jan\u00eb n\u00eb rrezik m\u00eb t\u00eb lart\u00eb t\u00eb p\u00ebrfshihen n\u00eb aktivitete t\u00eb dhunshme.<\/p>\n T\u00eb gjitha format e dhun\u00ebs ndaj f\u00ebmij\u00ebve kan\u00eb pasoja edhe t\u00eb karakterit socio-ekonomik. \u00cbsht\u00eb evidentuar q\u00eb f\u00ebmij\u00ebt q\u00eb vijn\u00eb nga ambiente t\u00eb dhunshme kan\u00eb rezultate m\u00eb t\u00eb dob\u00ebta m\u00ebsimore<\/a>.<\/p>\n \u00cbsht\u00eb e r\u00ebnd\u00ebsis\u00eb s\u00eb ve\u00e7ant\u00eb q\u00eb t\u00eb nd\u00ebrmerren masa t\u00eb nevojshme n\u00eb mbrojtjen e f\u00ebmij\u00ebve, si dhe t\u00eb investohet n\u00eb promovimin e t\u00eb drejtave t\u00eb tyre. Jetike mbetet sensibilizimi i popullat\u00ebs, n\u00eb ve\u00e7anti i prind\u00ebrve, e pashmangshm\u00ebrisht edhe institucioneve q\u00eb punojn\u00eb n\u00eb m\u00ebnyre direkte me f\u00ebmij\u00ebt.<\/p>\n P\u00ebr m\u00eb tep\u00ebr, institucionet p\u00ebrkat\u00ebse, n\u00eb ve\u00e7anti Ministria e Arsimit, Shkenc\u00ebs, Teknologjis\u00eb dhe Inovacionit, duhet t\u00eb ndihmojn\u00eb n\u00eb fuqizimin dhe p\u00ebrmir\u00ebsimin e m\u00ebtutjesh\u00ebm t\u00eb korniz\u00ebs legjislative, si dhe t\u00eb avokojn\u00eb p\u00ebr zbatimin e ligjeve n\u00eb fuqi, sidomos t\u00eb Ligjit p\u00ebr Edukimin n\u00eb F\u00ebmij\u00ebrin\u00eb e Hershme<\/a>.<\/p>\n Po ashtu, hartimi i mekanizmave t\u00eb duhur p\u00ebr t\u2019i mbik\u00ebqyrur institucionet edukative \u00ebsht\u00eb i domosdosh\u00ebm, sa \u00ebsht\u00eb i r\u00ebnd\u00ebsish\u00ebm edhe fuqizimi i raportimit t\u00eb rasteve t\u00eb dhun\u00ebs ndaj f\u00ebmij\u00ebve.<\/p>\n N\u00eb vendet e zhvilluara, praktikat e disiplinimit t\u00eb f\u00ebmij\u00ebve jan\u00eb kryesisht t\u00eb fokusuara n\u00eb metoda jo t\u00eb dhunshme dhe edukative. Prind\u00ebrit dhe edukator\u00ebt trajnohen p\u00ebr t\u00eb p\u00ebrdorur disiplin\u00eb pozitive<\/a>, q\u00eb n\u00ebnkupton komunikim t\u00eb qet\u00eb me f\u00ebmij\u00ebt, vendosje t\u00eb kufijve t\u00eb qart\u00eb dhe shpjegim t\u00eb pasojave t\u00eb sjelljes, n\u00eb vend t\u00eb nd\u00ebshkimit fizik apo verbal.<\/p>\n