{"id":2763,"date":"2018-11-26T14:57:59","date_gmt":"2018-11-26T12:57:59","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/?p=2763"},"modified":"2025-01-16T15:00:51","modified_gmt":"2025-01-16T13:00:51","slug":"strategjia-e-munguar-e-politikes-se-jashtme-te-kosoves","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/sr\/analize\/strategjia-e-munguar-e-politikes-se-jashtme-te-kosoves\/","title":{"rendered":"Strategjia e munguar e Politik\u00ebs s\u00eb Jashtme t\u00eb Kosov\u00ebs"},"content":{"rendered":"
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N\u00eb faqet e Ministris\u00eb s\u00eb Jashtme asnj\u00ebher\u00eb deri m\u00eb sot nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb mundur t\u00eb gjendet ndonj\u00eb dokument strategjik si\u00e7 gjendet te shtetet tjera, apo edhe ndonj\u00eb pozicionim i Kosov\u00ebs karshi temave t\u00eb caktuara relevante t\u00eb politik\u00ebs s\u00eb jashtme dhe t\u00eb siguris\u00eb.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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Fushata e shtetit serb kund\u00ebr pranimit t\u00eb Kosov\u00ebs n\u00eb Interpol, megjith\u00ebse e orkestruar dhe e implementuar haptazi, u tolerua pa asnj\u00eb reagim nga Bashkimi Evropian dhe P\u00ebrfaq\u00ebsuesja e Lart\u00eb p\u00ebr Politik\u00eb t\u00eb Jashtme dhe t\u00eb Siguris\u00eb, zonja Frederica Mogherini. N\u00eb Kosov\u00eb, zhg\u00ebnjimit t\u00eb disfat\u00ebs p\u00ebr mospranimin n\u00eb Interpol dhe rolit t\u00eb Serbis\u00eb n\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb d\u00ebshtim, iu shtua edhe vendosm\u00ebria e Qeveris\u00eb dhe qytetar\u00ebve, q\u00eb tani e tutje t\u00eb veprojn\u00eb sipas parimit QUID PRO QUO. Teorit\u00eb shkencore t\u00eb negociatave, k\u00ebt\u00eb parim e njohin me termin e tij n\u00eb gjuh\u00ebn angleze \u201cTit for tat\u201d, e formuluar fillimisht nga Anatol Rapoport dhe e zhvilluar m\u00eb tej si strategji negocimi nga Robert Axelrod n\u00eb librin e tij \u201cEvolution of Cooperation\u201d.<\/p>\n

Thelbi i k\u00ebsaj strategjie bashk\u00ebpunimi \u00ebsht\u00eb i thjesht\u00eb: kur ke t\u00eb b\u00ebsh me kund\u00ebrshtar\u00eb jokorrekt\u00eb, gjithmon\u00eb fillo t\u00eb luash ndersh\u00ebm dhe paq\u00ebsor, mir\u00ebpo pas \u00e7do veprimi jobashk\u00ebpunues t\u00eb pal\u00ebs tjet\u00ebr, p\u00ebrgjigja duhet t\u00eb jet\u00eb nd\u00ebshkuese. Kjo do t\u00eb thot\u00eb, bashk\u00ebpuno vet\u00ebm kur edhe pala tjet\u00ebr bashk\u00ebpunon sipas rregullave t\u00eb caktuara. P\u00ebrndryshe vepron kund\u00ebr interesave tua.<\/p>\n

Qeveria e Kosov\u00ebs p\u00ebr her\u00eb t\u00eb par\u00eb prej pavar\u00ebsimit t\u00eb shtetit e ka nd\u00ebrmarr\u00eb nj\u00eb veprim mbi baz\u00ebn e logjik\u00ebs s\u00eb parimit \u201cTit for Tat\u201d. Pa u l\u00ebshuar n\u00eb shtjellimin e argumenteve ekonomike rreth arsyeshm\u00ebris\u00eb s\u00eb k\u00ebtij veprimi apo efekteve an\u00ebsore q\u00eb mund t\u2019i ket\u00eb p\u00ebr tregun dhe p\u00ebr qytetar\u00ebt, pa asnj\u00eb dilem\u00eb ky veprim, par\u00eb nga k\u00ebndv\u00ebshtrimi teorik i negociatave, ka qen\u00eb i duhuri dhe i vetmi q\u00eb u p\u00ebrgjigjet veprimeve t\u00eb nj\u00ebpasnj\u00ebshme destruktive t\u00eb Serbis\u00eb prej fillimit t\u00eb dialogut e deri m\u00eb sot. Prandaj edhe si i till\u00eb, ky veprim, me pak vendosm\u00ebri e p\u00ebrkushtim, mund t\u00eb krijoj\u00eb nj\u00eb trajektore t\u00eb re p\u00ebr dialogun Kosov\u00eb \u2013 Serbi, duke e shpallur dialogun e deritash\u00ebm si t\u00eb kthyer n\u00eb pik\u00ebn zero. N\u00ebse kuptohet si hapi i par\u00eb i nj\u00eb strategjie t\u00eb re veprimi, rritja e taks\u00ebs si akt e ka potencialin t\u00eb ridefinoj\u00eb t\u00eb gjith\u00eb procesin e dialogut me Serbin\u00eb duke e deklaruar pik\u00ebrisht strategjin\u00eb \u201cTit for Tat\u201d si rregullin korniz\u00eb t\u00eb negociatave. Por jo vet\u00ebm kaq. M\u00eb posht\u00eb do t\u00eb tregoj pse dhe si rritja e taksave mund t\u00eb shfryt\u00ebzohet pozitivisht p\u00ebr politik\u00ebn e jashtme t\u00eb Kosov\u00ebs.<\/p>\n

Kosov\u00ebs ende i mungon nj\u00eb strategji e politik\u00ebs s\u00eb jashtme. N\u00eb faqet e Ministris\u00eb s\u00eb Jashtme asnj\u00ebher\u00eb deri m\u00eb sot nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb mundur t\u00eb gjendet ndonj\u00eb dokument strategjik si\u00e7 gjendet te shtetet tjera, apo edhe ndonj\u00eb pozicionim i Kosov\u00ebs karshi temave t\u00eb caktuara relevante t\u00eb politik\u00ebs s\u00eb jashtme dhe t\u00eb siguris\u00eb. Kjo munges\u00eb e pozicionimit t\u00eb qart\u00eb strategjik t\u00eb politik\u00ebs s\u00eb jashtme \u00ebsht\u00eb d\u00ebshmi e dy fakteve t\u00eb dhimbshme, n\u00eb nj\u00ebr\u00ebn an\u00eb t\u00eb pazot\u00ebsis\u00eb s\u00eb qeverive t\u00eb deritanishme n\u00eb p\u00ebrcaktimin e nj\u00eb vizioni largpam\u00ebs p\u00ebr Kosov\u00ebn dhe n\u00eb an\u00ebn tjet\u00ebr t\u00eb gabimeve t\u00eb b\u00ebra gjat\u00eb rekrutimit t\u00eb kapitalit njer\u00ebzor edhe ashtu t\u00eb pak\u00ebt n\u00eb vend.<\/p>\n

Sidoqoft\u00eb, megjith\u00eb vonesat dhe v\u00ebshtir\u00ebsit\u00eb q\u00eb rrjedhat e zhvillimeve t\u2019i kthejm\u00eb n\u00eb favor tonin, \u00ebsht\u00eb momenti i fundit q\u00eb t\u00eb veprojm\u00eb me mend. Kjo n\u00ebnkupton se tani duhet urgjentisht t\u00eb krijohet nj\u00eb grup pune brenda Ministris\u00eb s\u00eb Pun\u00ebve t\u00eb Jashtme, ku do t\u00eb p\u00ebrfshihej edhe K\u00ebshilli i Siguris\u00eb s\u00eb Kosov\u00ebs, FSK-ja, Ministria e Zhvillimit Ekonomik dhe Ministria e Diaspor\u00ebs, n\u00eb t\u00eb cilin do t\u00eb kontribuonin edhe pjes\u00ebtar\u00eb t\u00eb shoq\u00ebris\u00eb civile dhe akademike me njohurit\u00eb e tyre specifike n\u00ebp\u00ebr fushat e caktuara, n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb q\u00eb bashkarisht ta formulojn\u00eb nj\u00eb strategji t\u00eb par\u00eb t\u00eb Politik\u00ebs s\u00eb Jashtme t\u00eb Kosov\u00ebs. P\u00ebr t\u00eb pasur sukses, nj\u00ebherazi duhet t\u00eb pezullohet p\u00ebrkoh\u00ebsisht procesi i dialogut dhe t\u00eb kumtohet se Kosova po e rishikon formatin dialogues me q\u00ebllim t\u00eb ridizajnimit t\u00eb tij sipas nevojave t\u00eb shtetit kosovar. Kosova t\u00eb drejt\u00ebn p\u00ebr ta marr\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb vendim e argumenton me shpalljen t\u00eb pavlefshme t\u00eb marr\u00ebveshjeve t\u00eb deritashme t\u00eb b\u00ebra me Serbin\u00eb nga ana e Serbis\u00eb, p\u00ebrmes shkeljes s\u00eb pik\u00ebs p\u00ebr fqin\u00ebsi t\u00eb mir\u00eb dhe mospengim n\u00eb rrug\u00ebn e Kosov\u00ebs drejt integrimit t\u00eb saj n\u00eb Bashkimin Evropian. Pezullimi i procesit t\u00eb dialogut do t\u00eb na fitonte koh\u00eb q\u00eb ne si shtet t\u00eb nxjerrim nj\u00eb strategji t\u00eb politik\u00ebs s\u00eb jashtme, e cila do t\u00eb trash\u00ebgohej te cilido minist\u00ebr i jasht\u00ebm si korniza, mbi t\u00eb cil\u00ebn duhet t\u00eb bazohet puna e Ministris\u00eb s\u00eb Pun\u00ebve t\u00eb Jashtme. S\u00eb dyti, kjo do t\u00eb jet\u00eb sinjali i radh\u00ebs, se prej tash e tutje, veprimet tona do t\u00eb ndryshojn\u00eb var\u00ebsisht sipas bashk\u00ebpunimit t\u00eb pales serbe. Kjo duhet t\u00eb kumtohet zyrtarisht n\u00eb nj\u00eb shkres\u00eb t\u00eb argumentuar mir\u00eb nga Qeveria e Kosov\u00ebs n\u00eb drejtim t\u00eb t\u00eb gjith\u00eb akter\u00ebve relevant\u00eb, duke p\u00ebrfshir\u00eb vendet e Quintit, Bashkimin Evropian, Serbin\u00eb dhe publikun e gjer\u00eb. Dhe s\u00eb treti, por jo m\u00eb pak e rend\u00ebsishme, Serbia do t\u00eb jet\u00eb n\u00eb presion shkaku i axhend\u00ebs s\u00eb saj me BE-n\u00eb. Por neve nuk na b\u00ebhet von\u00eb! Nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb problem i yni integrimi i Serbis\u00eb n\u00eb BE, \u00ebsht\u00eb problem i BE-s\u00eb. Prandaj duhet t\u00eb gjejn\u00eb stimulus tjer\u00eb p\u00ebr ta joshur, e jo duke shkelur m\u00eb tutje Kosov\u00ebn e duke e rr\u00ebnuar edhe m\u00eb tutje dinjitetin e qytetar\u00ebve tan\u00eb.<\/p>\n

Mungesa e nj\u00eb strategjie konkrete dhe koherente t\u00eb politik\u00ebs s\u00eb jashtme, t\u00eb vendosur n\u00eb let\u00ebr, ka krijuar konfuzion dhe e ka pamund\u00ebsuar bashk\u00ebrenditjen e domosdoshme t\u00eb t\u00eb gjitha veprimeve shtet\u00ebrore e institucionale t\u00eb Kosov\u00ebs n\u00eb raport me jasht\u00eb. Politika e Jashtme kosovare deri m\u00eb tani ka qen\u00eb n\u00eb fakt joekzistente, sepse ka funksionuar arbitrarisht sipas bindjeve dhe kompetencave t\u00eb ministrave t\u00eb jasht\u00ebm, pa ndonj\u00eb vizion, direktiv\u00eb apo orientim strategjik shtet\u00ebror. E vetmja pik\u00eb q\u00eb p\u00ebrmendet, kur flitet p\u00ebr politik\u00ebn e jashtme kosovare, jan\u00eb njohjet e shtet\u00ebsis\u00eb s\u00eb Kosov\u00ebs nga shtetet tjera. Koh\u00ebve t\u00eb fundit besa m\u00eb shum\u00eb po flitet p\u00ebr t\u00ebrheqje (sic!) t\u00eb njohjeve!<\/p>\n

Hartimi i nj\u00eb strategjie t\u00eb politik\u00ebs s\u00eb jashtme natyrisht \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb sfid\u00eb p\u00ebr secilin shtet, sepse p\u00ebrpos q\u00eb si proces \u00ebsht\u00eb i komplikuar, strategjia e politik\u00ebs s\u00eb jashtme duhet t\u00eb buroj\u00eb nga vlerat shoq\u00ebrore dhe interesat shtet\u00ebrore. Aq m\u00eb e v\u00ebshtir\u00eb do t\u00eb jet\u00eb p\u00ebr Kosov\u00ebn, e cila vuan nga nj\u00eb anomi e thelluar dhe e shtres\u00ebzuar me probleme shoq\u00ebrore e politike t\u00eb natyrave t\u00eb ndryshme dhe mbi t\u00eb gjitha, nuk e ka qart\u00ebsuar orientimin e saj n\u00eb vlera konkrete. Por, hartimi i nj\u00eb strategjie t\u00eb till\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb thelb\u00ebsor p\u00ebr politik\u00ebn e Kosov\u00ebs, prandaj \u00e7do vones\u00eb e m\u00ebtejme do t\u00eb ket\u00eb p\u00ebr pasoj\u00eb humbje t\u00eb radh\u00ebs n\u00eb aren\u00ebn nd\u00ebrkomb\u00ebtare.<\/p>\n

Strategjia, p\u00ebrpos planeve gjithsesi duhet t\u00eb p\u00ebrmbaj\u00eb edhe ndarjen e resurseve dhe afateve p\u00ebr objektivat e caktuara q\u00eb duhet t\u00eb zb\u00ebrthehen n\u00eb plane t\u00eb detajuara t\u00eb veprimit. Mir\u00ebpo, p\u00ebr t\u00eb mos mbetur e pasuksesshme si strategjit\u00eb e fushave tjera (p. sh. Strategjia p\u00ebr Arsim), arritja e objektivave duhet t\u00eb raportohet \u00e7do gjys\u00ebm viti para nj\u00eb K\u00ebshilli Nacional p\u00ebr Politik\u00eb t\u00eb Jashtme, q\u00eb duhet t\u00eb krijohet duke p\u00ebrfshir\u00eb po t\u00eb nj\u00ebjtit akter\u00eb, t\u00eb cil\u00ebt kan\u00eb hartuar strategjin\u00eb p\u00ebr politik\u00ebn e jashtme. P\u00ebr \u00e7do mosp\u00ebrmbushje t\u00eb objektivave n\u00eb koh\u00ebn e caktuar nga ana e zyrtar\u00ebve p\u00ebrgjegj\u00ebs duhet t\u00eb nd\u00ebrmerren hapa p\u00ebr sigurimin e performanc\u00ebs dhe llogaridh\u00ebnies. Kjo duhet t\u00eb b\u00ebhet n\u00eb t\u00eb gjitha institucionet, por p\u00ebr sanime t\u00eb institucioneve tjera dhe sfidave t\u00eb shtetnd\u00ebrtimit mbase do t\u00eb shkruaj tjet\u00ebr her\u00eb.<\/p>\n

Krahas hartimit t\u00eb Strategjis\u00eb p\u00ebr Politik\u00eb t\u00eb Jashtme, Kosova duhet t\u2019i rishikoj\u00eb profilet e diplomat\u00ebve t\u00eb saj. Duhet t\u00eb jet\u00eb kriter i panegociuesh\u00ebm njohja e gjuh\u00ebs angleze n\u00eb nivelin m\u00eb t\u00eb lart\u00eb dhe njohja e s\u00eb paku nj\u00eb gjuhe tjet\u00ebr evropiane, p\u00ebrpos gjuh\u00ebs s\u00eb vendit nikoqir. Diplomat\u00ebt duhet t\u00eb ken\u00eb t\u00eb mbaruar shkencat politike, t\u00eb ken\u00eb njohuri p\u00ebr historin\u00eb e Ballkanit dhe Kosov\u00ebs, t\u00eb njohin historin\u00eb e let\u00ebrsis\u00eb shqipe dhe kultur\u00ebs kosovare dhe t\u00eb ken\u00eb njohuri p\u00ebr ekonomin\u00eb dhe t\u00eb Drejtat Nd\u00ebrkomb\u00ebtare. Mbi t\u00eb gjitha duhet t\u00eb rritet stafi diplomatik i karrier\u00ebs dhe t\u00eb pun\u00ebsohen vet\u00ebm persona me profesionaliz\u00ebm t\u00eb lart\u00eb. Kjo ting\u00ebllon si k\u00ebrkes\u00eb e ekzagjeruar p\u00ebr disa, mir\u00ebpo nj\u00eb gj\u00eb duhet ta kemi t\u00eb qart\u00eb: diplomat\u00ebt jan\u00eb ushtar\u00eb, prandaj duhet t\u00eb jen\u00eb t\u00eb pajisur me shkatht\u00ebsi maksimale p\u00ebr t\u2019i arritur q\u00ebllimet. N\u00ebse \u201clufta \u00ebsht\u00eb zhvillim i politik\u00ebs me mjete tjera\u201d (Clausewitz), at\u00ebher\u00eb diplomacia \u00ebsht\u00eb zhvillim i luft\u00ebs me mjete tjera.<\/p>\n

\u00cbsht\u00eb urgjente q\u00eb tani t\u00eb mobilizohen t\u00eb gjitha kapacitetet p\u00ebr t\u2019i dh\u00ebn\u00eb nj\u00eb shtytje dhe kahe t\u00eb mir\u00ebfillt\u00eb aspiratave tona p\u00ebr shtetnd\u00ebrtim dhe konsolidim. Pa nj\u00eb strategji t\u00eb politik\u00ebs s\u00eb jashtme nuk do t\u00eb jet\u00eb e mundur t\u00eb kemi nj\u00eb politik\u00eb t\u00eb jashtme t\u00eb suksesshme, por do t\u00eb mbetemi duke u p\u00ebrpjekur me disa aksione ad hoc dhe duke d\u00ebshtuar vazhdimisht.<\/p>\n

—–<\/p>\n

Ky shkrim \u00ebsht\u00eb publikuar n\u00eb kuad\u00ebr t\u00eb projektit \u201cMund\u00ebsit\u00eb e Kosov\u00ebs p\u00ebr pjes\u00ebmarrje n\u00eb misionet paqeruajt\u00ebse t\u00eb BE-s\u00eb\u201d si pjes\u00eb e Shkoll\u00ebs p\u00ebr Integrime Evropiane \u2013 Moduli p\u00ebr Siguri dhe Politik\u00eb t\u00eb Jashtme, me mb\u00ebshtetje t\u00eb Fondacionit Kosovar p\u00ebr Shoq\u00ebri t\u00eb Hapur (KFOS).<\/em><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

N\u00eb faqet e Ministris\u00eb s\u00eb Jashtme asnj\u00ebher\u00eb deri m\u00eb sot nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb mundur t\u00eb gjendet ndonj\u00eb dokument strategjik si\u00e7 gjendet te shtetet tjera, apo edhe ndonj\u00eb pozicionim i Kosov\u00ebs karshi temave t\u00eb caktuara relevante t\u00eb politik\u00ebs s\u00eb jashtme dhe t\u00eb siguris\u00eb. Fushata e shtetit serb kund\u00ebr pranimit t\u00eb Kosov\u00ebs n\u00eb Interpol, megjith\u00ebse e orkestruar dhe […]<\/p>","protected":false},"author":156,"featured_media":12146,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[13],"tags":[972,1721,870,2362],"ppma_author":[185],"class_list":["post-2763","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-analize","tag-kosove","tag-politika-e-jashtme","tag-siguria","tag-strategjia"],"authors":[{"term_id":185,"user_id":156,"is_guest":0,"slug":"luljeta-aliu","display_name":"Luljeta Aliu","avatar_url":{"url":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/download-15-2.jpg","url2x":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/download-15-2.jpg"},"user_url":"","last_name":"Aliu","first_name":"Luljeta","description":"Luljeta Aliu \u00ebsht\u00eb duke doktoruar n\u00eb Shkenca Politike n\u00eb Nurenberg t\u00eb Gjermanis\u00eb me fokus Marr\u00ebdh\u00ebniet Transatlantike. Ajo ka mbaruar studimet interdisiplinare p\u00ebr Shkenca Politike, Let\u00ebrsi Gjermane dhe T\u00eb Drejt\u00ebn Nd\u00ebrkomb\u00ebtare n\u00eb universitetin e Cyrihut, Zvic\u00ebr, ku edhe ka shkruar master p\u00ebr vendimmarrjen ushtarake n\u00eb misionet shum\u00ebkomb\u00ebshe. Fushat e saj t\u00eb interesit shkencor jan\u00eb politikat nd\u00ebrkomb\u00ebtare t\u00eb siguris\u00eb, politika e jashtme, gjeopolitika dhe mobilizimi social. Luljeta Aliu shkruan p\u00ebr gazetat n\u00eb Kosov\u00eb dhe gazeta zvic\u00ebrane."}],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/sr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2763","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/sr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/sr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/sr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/156"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/sr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2763"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/sr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2763\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":12147,"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/sr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2763\/revisions\/12147"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/sr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/12146"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/sr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2763"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/sr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2763"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/sr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2763"},{"taxonomy":"author","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/sr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/ppma_author?post=2763"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}