{"id":3371,"date":"2018-03-01T17:41:59","date_gmt":"2018-03-01T15:41:59","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/?p=3371"},"modified":"2024-11-27T15:04:24","modified_gmt":"2024-11-27T13:04:24","slug":"pisa-ky-trofe-shteteror","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/sr\/analize\/pisa-ky-trofe-shteteror\/","title":{"rendered":"PISA, ky trofe shtet\u00ebror"},"content":{"rendered":"

Meq\u00eb u mor vendimi mbi shtyrjen e m\u00ebsimit p\u00ebr shkak t\u00eb acarit\u00eb dhe p\u00ebrderisa f\u00ebmij\u00ebt e mi luajn\u00eb video-loj\u00ebra, n\u00eb vend se t\u00eb jen\u00eb n\u00eb shkoll\u00eb dhe un\u00eb mungoj n\u00eb pun\u00eb, gjeta koh\u00eb t\u00eb reflektoj pak mbi pun\u00ebn e MASHT-it dhe mobilizimin rreth \u00e7\u00ebshtjes PISA q\u00eb u aktualizua koh\u00ebve t\u00eb fundit.<\/span><\/p>\n

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PISA (Programi p\u00ebr vler\u00ebsim nd\u00ebrkomb\u00ebtar t\u00eb nx\u00ebn\u00ebsve) q\u00eb organizohet nga OECD (Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development) ka p\u00ebr q\u00ebllim vler\u00ebsimin e sistemit arsimor p\u00ebrmes testimit t\u00eb njohurive dhe aft\u00ebsive t\u00eb nx\u00ebn\u00ebsve 15 vje\u00e7ar\u00eb, testim ky q\u00eb zhvillohet \u00e7do 3 vjet. Nx\u00ebn\u00ebsit vler\u00ebsohen p\u00ebr shkatht\u00ebsist\u00eb e tyre n\u00eb matematik\u00eb, shkenc\u00eb dhe lexim. \u00a0N\u00eb vitin 2015, 72 shtete nga mbar\u00eb bota mor\u00ebn pjes\u00eb n\u00eb testim, pjes\u00eb e t\u00eb cilit ishte edhe Kosova. Ky testim nxorri Kosov\u00ebn si nj\u00eb nd\u00ebr vendet me sistemin arsimor m\u00eb t\u00eb dob\u00ebt n\u00eb mesin e shteteve q\u00eb mor\u00ebn pjes\u00eb.<\/span><\/p>\n

M\u00eb specifikisht, mesatarja e rezultateve t\u00eb performanc\u00ebs s\u00eb nx\u00ebn\u00ebsve n\u00eb Kosov\u00eb n\u00eb k\u00ebto tre fusha ishte nj\u00eb nd\u00ebr m\u00eb t\u00eb ul\u00ebtat krahasuar me shtetet tjera pjes\u00ebmarr\u00ebse n\u00eb testim. Mesatarja e njohurive t\u00eb 15 vje\u00e7ar\u00ebve n\u00eb fush\u00ebn e shkenc\u00ebs dhe t\u00eb matematik\u00ebs e ranguan Kosov\u00ebn n\u00eb vendin 67 nga 69, p\u00ebrderisa sa i p\u00ebrket leximit u ranguam edhe m\u00eb dob\u00ebt, n\u00eb vendin 68 nga 69.<\/span><\/p>\n

Para pak dit\u00ebsh, MASHT b\u00ebri thirrje q\u00eb t\u00eb mobilizohen t\u00eb gjitha institucionet arsimore, p\u00ebrfshir\u00eb edhe nx\u00ebn\u00ebsit dhe prind\u00ebrit, sepse po afrohet testimi i PISA-s\u00eb q\u00eb mbahet k\u00ebt\u00eb vit, pjes\u00eb e s\u00eb cilit testim \u00ebsht\u00eb edhe Kosova. Thirrja p\u00ebr mobilizim m\u00eb ting\u00eblloi sikur ai z\u00ebri i arsyes q\u00eb e th\u00ebrret nx\u00ebn\u00ebsin t\u00eb m\u00ebsoj\u00eb nj\u00eb nat\u00eb para testit q\u00eb e ka t\u00eb nes\u00ebrm\u00ebn, p\u00ebrderisa nuk ka prekur lib\u00ebr me dor\u00eb gjith\u00eb gjysm\u00ebvjetorin.<\/span><\/p>\n

Pa dashur t\u00eb ndikoj n\u00eb entuziazmin e ministrit Bytyqi rreth mobilizimit p\u00ebr testimin PISA q\u00eb do t\u00eb mbahet k\u00ebt\u00eb vit, duhet ta kemi parasysh nj\u00eb fakt q\u00eb lidhet me m\u00ebnyr\u00ebn dhe objektivat e testimit t\u00eb PISA.<\/span><\/p>\n

PISA vler\u00ebson sistemin arsimor t\u00eb 10 viteve t\u00eb fundit, q\u00eb do t\u00eb thot\u00eb se rezultatet e PISA-s\u00eb t\u00eb testimit n\u00eb vitin 2015 ku Kosova u rradhit n\u00eb mesin e shteteve me performanc\u00ebn pothuajse m\u00eb t\u00eb dob\u00ebt n\u00eb secil\u00ebn kategori, jan\u00eb reflektim i sistemit arsimor q\u00eb nga viti 2005. Dometh\u00ebn\u00eb jan\u00eb reflektim i ndryshimeve t\u00eb pa planifikuara dhe t\u00eb pa testuara t\u00eb qeverisjeve t\u00eb ndryshme p\u00ebr nj\u00eb dekad\u00eb rresht. Rrjedhimisht, rezultatet e testit PISA t\u00eb k\u00ebtij viti do t\u00eb reflektojn\u00eb sistemin arsimor t\u00eb Kosov\u00ebs q\u00eb nga viti 2008 dhe nuk jan\u00eb reflektim i t\u00eb nx\u00ebnit t\u00eb nx\u00ebn\u00ebsve n\u00eb 6 muaj para testimit.<\/span><\/p>\n

N\u00ebse reflektojm\u00eb pak prapa, q\u00eb nga viti 2008 e deri m\u00eb sot ka pasur shum\u00eb strategji p\u00ebr ndryshime dhe reforma n\u00eb sistemin arsimor, shum\u00eb prej t\u00eb cilave konsiderohen t\u00eb d\u00ebshtuara. N\u00eb an\u00ebn tjet\u00ebr, rezultatet e reform\u00ebs s\u00eb fundit dhe mund t\u00eb thuhet reform\u00ebs m\u00eb t\u00eb madhe n\u00eb sistemin e arsimit parauniversitar q\u00eb ka filluar t\u00eb aplikohet n\u00eb vitin 2017, t\u00eb bazuar n\u00eb kompetenca dhe t\u00eb nx\u00ebnit p\u00ebr fusha kurrikulare (kurrikula b\u00ebrtham\u00eb), e cila konsiderohet t\u00eb jet\u00eb me standarde evropiane, do t\u00eb jemi n\u00eb gjendje t\u2019i v\u00ebrejm\u00eb vet\u00ebm n\u00eb testimin e PISA-s\u00eb t\u00eb vitit 2027.<\/span><\/p>\n

P\u00ebrkund\u00ebr k\u00ebsaj, pjes\u00ebmarrja n\u00eb PISA \u00ebsht\u00eb indikator i p\u00ebrpjekjeve p\u00ebr p\u00ebrmir\u00ebsim t\u00eb sistemit arsimor, sepse raportet e k\u00ebtij sistemi t\u00eb vl\u00ebr\u00ebsimit ofrojn\u00eb reflektim t\u00eb detajuar dhe konkret p\u00ebr secilin indikator dhe nxjerrin n\u00eb pah mang\u00ebsit\u00eb e sistemit t\u00eb tanish\u00ebm, t\u00eb cilat pastaj k\u00ebrkojn\u00eb strategji t\u00eb ve\u00e7ant\u00eb p\u00ebr p\u00ebrmir\u00ebsim. P\u00ebr shembull, nga raporti i fundit i PISA-s\u00eb del q\u00eb numri i kompjuter\u00ebve n\u00eb dispozicion p\u00ebr nx\u00ebn\u00ebs n\u00eb shkolla \u00ebsht\u00eb shum\u00eb i vog\u00ebl n\u00eb krahasim me shtetet e tjera pjes\u00ebmarr\u00ebse n\u00eb testim \u00a0(vendi 66 nga 69). Nj\u00ebjt\u00eb ul\u00ebt \u00ebsht\u00eb vler\u00ebsuar p\u00ebrqindja e m\u00ebsimdh\u00ebn\u00ebsve q\u00eb kan\u00eb marr\u00eb pjes\u00eb n\u00eb programe t\u00eb zhvillimit profesional p\u00ebr m\u00ebsimdh\u00ebn\u00ebs (61 nga 69).<\/span><\/p>\n

Raporti nxjerr n\u00eb pah informata mjaft interesante, p\u00ebr t\u00eb cilat shum\u00eb shpesh kemi spekuluar n\u00eb biseda jo-formale me miq ose n\u00eb rrjete sociale. P\u00ebr shembull, raporti nx\u00ebn\u00ebs \u2013 m\u00ebsimdh\u00ebn\u00ebs \u00ebsht\u00eb rradhitur mjaft lart\u00eb n\u00eb PISA (vendi 8 nga 69), q\u00eb do t\u00eb thot\u00eb se spekulimi se m\u00ebsimdh\u00ebn\u00ebsit jan\u00eb t\u00eb mbingarkuar, nuk q\u00ebndron.<\/span><\/p>\n

N\u00eb an\u00ebn tjet\u00ebr, edhe pse faktori ekonomik konsiderohet t\u00eb jet\u00eb nj\u00eb nd\u00ebr faktor\u00ebt m\u00eb t\u00eb r\u00ebnd\u00ebsish\u00ebm kur \u00ebsht\u00eb fjala p\u00ebr performanc\u00ebn akademike, lajmi i keq p\u00ebr politikb\u00ebr\u00ebsit dhe ne qytetar\u00ebt q\u00eb provojm\u00eb t\u2019i arsyetojm\u00eb d\u00ebshtimet tona me faktin q\u00eb jemi vend i varf\u00ebr, \u00ebsht\u00eb q\u00eb PISA vler\u00ebson se faktori socio-ekonomik n\u00eb Kosov\u00eb shum\u00eb pak e ndikon performanc\u00ebn e nx\u00ebn\u00ebsve n\u00eb fush\u00ebn e shkenc\u00ebs.<\/span><\/p>\n

Shembull konkret q\u00eb jo-domosdoshm\u00ebrisht faktori ekonomik \u00ebsht\u00eb faktor kryesor \u00ebsht\u00eb shembulli i Singaporit. Si\u00e7 raporton BBC UK, Singapori, shtet aziatik, pas pavar\u00ebsimit n\u00eb vitin 1965 u p\u00ebrball me kriz\u00eb t\u00eb tmerrshme t\u00eb papun\u00ebsis\u00eb dhe t\u00eb strehimit. Megjithat\u00eb, deri n\u00eb fund t\u00eb viteve 1960, Singapori zhvilloi strategji t\u00eb fokusuara, nj\u00ebra prej s\u00eb cilave ishte edhe fuqizimi dhe prioritizimi i sistemit publik arsimor. Singapori, deri n\u00eb vitin 1990, jo vet\u00ebm q\u00eb ka arritur t\u00eb pozicionohet n\u00eb PISA n\u00eb mesin e shteteve q\u00eb q\u00ebndrojn\u00eb m\u00eb s\u00eb larti, por \u00ebsht\u00eb ranguar edhe n\u00eb mesin e shteteve m\u00eb me prosperitet n\u00eb bot\u00eb, vend me ekonomi shum\u00eb t\u00eb zhvilluar me tregti t\u00eb lir\u00eb dhe vendi me bruto prodhim t\u00eb brendsh\u00ebm m\u00eb t\u00eb lart\u00eb p\u00ebr kok\u00eb banori n\u00eb Azi, kryesisht fal\u00eb investimit n\u00eb arsim.<\/span><\/p>\n

Fokusi kryesor i reform\u00ebs n\u00eb Singapor thuhet t\u00eb ket\u00eb qen\u00eb investimi n\u00eb m\u00ebsimdh\u00ebn\u00ebs duke i b\u00ebr\u00eb t\u00ebrheq\u00ebse pozitat e m\u00ebsimdh\u00ebn\u00ebsve p\u00ebr t\u00eb t\u00ebrhequr kuadro sa m\u00eb t\u00eb mira dhe pastaj duke vazhduar me ngritjen e kritereve t\u00eb rekrutimit t\u00eb m\u00ebsimdh\u00ebn\u00ebsve. N\u00eb Singapor, si m\u00ebsimdh\u00ebn\u00ebs p\u00ebrzgjedhesh vet\u00ebm n\u00ebse je n\u00eb mesin e 5% t\u00eb t\u00eb diplomuarve m\u00eb t\u00eb mir\u00eb.<\/span><\/p>\n

Pas procesit t\u00eb rekrutimit, secili m\u00ebsimdh\u00ebn\u00ebs \u00ebsht\u00eb i obliguar t\u2019i n\u00ebshtrohet trajnimeve nga Instituti komb\u00ebtar i edukimit n\u00eb Singapor. N\u00eb vendet si Finlanda dhe Singapori, \u00ebsht\u00eb privilegj t\u00eb jesh m\u00ebsimdh\u00ebn\u00ebs. \u00cbsht\u00eb titull ekuivalent me mjek.<\/span><\/p>\n

At\u00ebher\u00eb ku q\u00ebndron problemi n\u00eb rastin e Kosov\u00ebs? Ne si vend, kemi pasur reforma t\u00eb panum\u00ebrta viteve t\u00eb fundit. Raporti nx\u00ebn\u00ebs-m\u00ebsimdh\u00ebn\u00ebs vler\u00ebsohet ta kemi mjaft t\u00eb favorsh\u00ebm, e megjithat\u00eb n\u00eb PISA jemi vendi q\u00eb m\u00eb s\u00eb paku kemi investuar n\u00eb zhvillimin profesional t\u00eb m\u00ebsimdh\u00ebn\u00ebsve (vendi 61 prej 69).\u00a0 Kjo do t\u00eb thot\u00eb q\u00eb reformat jan\u00eb nxjerr\u00eb n\u00eb let\u00ebr, mir\u00ebpo a jan\u00eb komunikuar? A jan\u00eb aplikuar?<\/span><\/p>\n

Tani, z. minist\u00ebr, ju sigurisht jeni t\u00eb vet\u00ebdijsh\u00ebm q\u00eb vendimet tuaja ndikojn\u00eb direkt jo vet\u00ebm n\u00eb edukimin e popullat\u00ebs por kan\u00eb ndikim direkt n\u00eb zhvillimin e t\u00ebr\u00eb vendit, si dhe n\u00eb reputacionin e vendit para bot\u00ebs.<\/span><\/p>\n

Vendimet ad-hoc e impulsive, pa i menduar pasojat dhe pa asnj\u00eb plan mb\u00ebshtet\u00ebs si\u00e7 ishte vendimi i p\u00ebrjashtimit t\u00eb bordit t\u00eb Agjencis\u00eb Kosovare t\u00eb Akreditimit e q\u00eb rezultoi me p\u00ebrjashtimin e Kosov\u00ebs nga EQAR (European Quality Assurance Register for Higher Education) jan\u00eb duke na kushtuar dhe do t\u00eb ken\u00eb pasoja serioze n\u00eb t\u00eb ardhmen.<\/span><\/p>\n

Singapori nuk i ka p\u00ebrmir\u00ebsuar rezultatet n\u00eb PISA duke i mobilizuar m\u00ebsimdh\u00ebn\u00ebsit 6 muaj para testimit, e as duke shtuar dit\u00eb pushimi pse temperaturat kan\u00eb r\u00ebn\u00eb n\u00ebn zero grad\u00eb ose duke reduktuar or\u00eb m\u00ebsimi p\u00ebr shkak t\u00eb festave, e bile as duke b\u00ebr\u00eb reforma sipas d\u00ebshirave dhe preferencave individuale ose partiake. Ata e b\u00ebn\u00eb prioritet arsimin publik duke investuar n\u00eb t\u00eb dhe punuan n\u00eb nj\u00eb strategji t\u00eb vetme, afatgjate, n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb konsistente, me dekada. Plani dhe objektivat ishin t\u00eb qarta p\u00ebr ta.<\/span><\/p>\n

Tani pyetja ime \u00ebsht\u00eb: a mund ta ndjekim edhe ne shembullin e Singaporit? Menj\u00ebher\u00eb pas pavar\u00ebsis\u00eb n\u00eb vitin 1965 ata ishin n\u00eb pozit\u00eb pothuajse t\u00eb nj\u00ebjt\u00eb sikur Kosova q\u00eb ishte pas pavar\u00ebsis\u00eb s\u00eb saj (me papun\u00ebsi t\u00eb lart\u00eb, kriz\u00eb t\u00eb thell\u00eb ekonomike dhe nivel t\u00eb lart\u00eb t\u00eb korrupsionit). Sikurse Singapori, a mund t\u00eb fokusohemi dhe t\u00eb punojm\u00eb n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb konsistente n\u00eb nj\u00eb strategji t\u00eb vetme p\u00ebr arsimin? Prioritete dhe reforma n\u00eb let\u00ebr kemi pasur mjaft. Mbase tani \u00ebsht\u00eb koha t\u00eb fokusohemi n\u00eb njer\u00ebzit q\u00eb duhet t\u2019i aplikojn\u00eb ato reforma – m\u00ebsimdh\u00ebn\u00ebsit. T\u2019i motivojm\u00eb, t\u2019i p\u00ebrkrahim, por edhe t\u2019i mbik\u00ebqyrim dhe t\u00eb sigurohemi q\u00eb vet\u00ebm m\u00eb t\u00eb mir\u00ebt t\u00eb ken\u00eb vend aty. T\u00eb sigurohemi q\u00eb i kan\u00eb kuptuar reformat dhe q\u00eb po i zbatojn\u00eb ato me p\u00ebrpik\u00ebri. Me k\u00ebt\u00eb matematik\u00eb, besoj se do t\u00eb mburremi me rezultatet e Kosov\u00ebs n\u00eb PISA\u00a02027.<\/span><\/p>\n

Nga perspektiva e prindit t\u00eb brengosur.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Meq\u00eb u mor vendimi mbi shtyrjen e m\u00ebsimit p\u00ebr shkak t\u00eb acarit\u00eb dhe p\u00ebrderisa f\u00ebmij\u00ebt e mi luajn\u00eb video-loj\u00ebra, n\u00eb vend se t\u00eb jen\u00eb n\u00eb shkoll\u00eb dhe un\u00eb mungoj n\u00eb pun\u00eb, gjeta koh\u00eb t\u00eb reflektoj pak mbi pun\u00ebn e MASHT-it dhe mobilizimin rreth \u00e7\u00ebshtjes PISA q\u00eb u aktualizua koh\u00ebve t\u00eb fundit. PISA (Programi p\u00ebr vler\u00ebsim […]<\/p>","protected":false},"author":346,"featured_media":10722,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[13],"tags":[680,1137],"ppma_author":[358],"class_list":["post-3371","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-analize","tag-education","tag-pisa"],"authors":[{"term_id":358,"user_id":346,"is_guest":0,"slug":"vlora-basha","display_name":"Vlora Basha","avatar_url":{"url":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/c4bc535352aac844457350bbc36d8451.jpeg","url2x":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/c4bc535352aac844457350bbc36d8451.jpeg"},"user_url":"","last_name":"Basha","first_name":"Vlora","description":"Vlora \u00ebsht\u00eb Drejtoresh\u00eb menaxhuese dhe partnere n\u00eb Kantar (Index Kosova), kompani kjo q\u00eb merret me studime bihejviorale, t\u00eb tregut dhe sociale q\u00eb nga viti 1998. Studimet Bachelor i p\u00ebrfundoi n\u00eb fush\u00ebn e Psikologjis\u00eb, nd\u00ebrsa studimet e magjistratur\u00ebs i p\u00ebrfundoi n\u00eb fush\u00ebn e K\u00ebrkimeve Sociale dhe t\u00eb Edukimit nga University College London.\r\n\r\nPunimet e saj dhe analizat jan\u00eb prezantuar n\u00eb konferenca t\u00eb ndryshme, si\u00e7 jan\u00eb Kongresi Vjetor i Asociacionit t\u00eb Gallup International dhe KOSICT, p\u00ebrderisa nj\u00eb pjes\u00eb e pun\u00ebs s\u00eb saj \u00ebsht\u00eb publikuar n\u00eb revista shkencore, si\u00e7 \u00ebsht\u00eb \u2018International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health\u2019 dhe \u2018Basic Human Values in Post-War Kosovo\u2019 n\u00eb Librin e Asociacionit t\u00eb WIN\/Gallup International."}],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/sr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3371","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/sr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/sr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/sr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/346"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/sr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3371"}],"version-history":[{"count":6,"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/sr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3371\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":10724,"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/sr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3371\/revisions\/10724"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/sr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/10722"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/sr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3371"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/sr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=3371"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/sr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=3371"},{"taxonomy":"author","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/sr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/ppma_author?post=3371"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}