{"id":3620,"date":"2017-07-12T17:10:23","date_gmt":"2017-07-12T15:10:23","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/?p=3620"},"modified":"2024-12-12T17:14:35","modified_gmt":"2024-12-12T15:14:35","slug":"ballkani-integrim-me-te-thelle-apo-integrim-funksional","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/sr\/analize\/ballkani-integrim-me-te-thelle-apo-integrim-funksional\/","title":{"rendered":"Ballkani – integrim m\u00eb t\u00eb thell\u00eb apo integrim funksional?"},"content":{"rendered":"
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Globalizmi. Integrimi ekonomik. Hapja e kufijve. Ulja dhe zhdukja e barrierave. Integrimi i m\u00ebtutjesh\u00ebm. T\u00eb gjitha rrug\u00ebt t\u00eb \u00e7ojn\u00eb n\u00eb Rom\u00eb \u2013 drejt integrimit, sepse nga integrimi p\u00ebrfitojn\u00eb t\u00eb gjith\u00eb. Sikur t\u00eb kishte integrim m\u00eb t\u00eb thell\u00eb, do t\u00eb p\u00ebrfitonin edhe shtetet e Ballkanit Per\u00ebndimor. Nj\u00eb nd\u00ebr rajonet m\u00eb jo-funksionale, ky i joni, propozohet t\u00eb kaloj\u00eb n\u00ebp\u00ebr faz\u00eb t\u00eb integrimit t\u00eb brendsh\u00ebm, para se t\u00eb b\u00ebhet gati p\u00ebr integrimin e thell\u00eb n\u00eb Bashkimin Evropian.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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Komisioneri i Bashkimit Evropian p\u00ebr Zgjerim, Johannes Hahn, q\u00eb n\u00eb mars t\u00eb k\u00ebtij viti, n\u00eb takimin e krer\u00ebve t\u00eb shteteve t\u00eb 6 shteteve t\u00eb Ballkanit Per\u00ebndimor (WB6) n\u00eb Sarajev\u00eb, filloi t\u00eb paraqes\u00eb iden\u00eb e integrimit m\u00eb t\u00eb thell\u00eb ekonomik n\u00eb mes t\u00eb shteteve<\/a>. Samiti p\u00ebr jet\u00ebsimin e k\u00ebsaj marr\u00ebveshje mbahet k\u00ebt\u00eb jav\u00eb, me 12 qershor, n\u00eb Trieste t\u00eb Italis\u00eb.<\/p>\n

Ideja e k\u00ebtij integrimi ekonomik deri von\u00eb nuk u qart\u00ebsua. Varionte prej ides\u00eb s\u00eb CEFTA plus, n\u00eb iden\u00eb e nj\u00eb Unioni Doganor, deri te ideja e Tregut t\u00eb P\u00ebrbashk\u00ebt. Em\u00ebruesi i p\u00ebrbashk\u00ebt i k\u00ebtyre ideve \u00ebsht\u00eb integrim m\u00eb i thell\u00eb ekonomik, se si ekonomi t\u00eb vetme, vendet e Ballkanit Per\u00ebndimor jan\u00eb t\u00eb vogla, dhe si rezultat kan\u00eb v\u00ebshtir\u00ebsi p\u00ebr zhvillim n\u00eb izolim. Nga k\u00ebto ide, ajo e nj\u00eb tregu t\u00eb p\u00ebrbashk\u00ebt parasheh integrimin m\u00eb t\u00eb thell\u00eb, dhe si e till\u00eb u pa si m\u00eb problematike. K\u00ebshtu q\u00eb, tani, ideja p\u00ebr integrimin rajonal, parashihet t\u00eb jet\u00eb Zon\u00eb Ekonomike Rajonale \u2013 q\u00eb emri t\u00eb mos na frik\u00ebsoj\u00eb. Ideja gjithashtu \u00ebsht\u00eb q\u00eb ky rajon t\u00eb kaloj\u00eb n\u00ebp\u00ebr integrim t\u00eb brendsh\u00ebm ekonomik, si parap\u00ebrgatitje p\u00ebr tu b\u00ebr\u00eb pjes\u00eb e Bashkimit Evropian \u2013 dikur, n\u00eb nj\u00eb t\u00eb ardhme.<\/p>\n

N\u00eb princip, k\u00ebshtu u krijua Bashkimi Evropian, dhe duket se asgj\u00eb e keqe nuk doli nga integrimi m\u00eb i thell\u00eb. Mir\u00ebpo, n\u00eb rastin e rajonit ton\u00eb, ka shum\u00eb tangjente p\u00ebr t’u konsideruar, para se t\u00eb k\u00ebrcejm\u00eb n\u00eb nj\u00eb marr\u00ebveshje p\u00ebr integrim m\u00eb t\u00eb thell\u00eb. E mbi t\u00eb gjitha, \u00ebsht\u00eb me r\u00ebnd\u00ebsi t\u00eb kuptojm\u00eb se \u00e7ka do t\u00eb thot\u00eb p\u00ebr Kosov\u00ebn secila nga fazat e integrimit t\u00eb propozuara si t\u00eb mundshme.<\/p>\n

Secila nga k\u00ebto faza t\u00eb integrimit ekonomik ka dy elemente t\u00eb r\u00ebnd\u00ebsishme, nj\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb qasja n\u00eb nj\u00eb treg m\u00eb t\u00eb madh n\u00eb t\u00eb cilin integrohet vendi, dhe tjetra \u00ebsht\u00eb heqja dor\u00eb nga autonomia e politik-b\u00ebrjes ekonomike \u2013 niveli i autonomis\u00eb varet kryek\u00ebput nga niveli i integrimit. Momentalisht, Kosova, dhe i t\u00ebr\u00eb rajoni, duke p\u00ebrfshir\u00eb edhe Moldavin\u00eb, jan\u00eb an\u00ebtar\u00eb t\u00eb Marr\u00ebveshjes\u00a0s\u00eb Evrop\u00ebs Qendrore p\u00ebr tregti t\u00eb lir\u00eb (CEFTA), q\u00eb do t\u00eb thot\u00eb tregti e lir\u00eb \u2013 pa barriera n\u00eb mes t\u00eb vendeve an\u00ebtare. An\u00ebtar\u00ebsimi i Kosov\u00ebs n\u00eb CEFTA shpesh \u00ebsht\u00eb cil\u00ebsuar si\u00a0i parakohsh\u00ebm<\/a>\u00a0dhe q\u00eb ka rezultuar n\u00eb m\u00eb shum\u00eb d\u00ebmtim se p\u00ebrfitim p\u00ebr industrin\u00eb e vendit.<\/p>\n

Sipas Ministris\u00eb s\u00eb Tregtis\u00eb dhe Industris\u00eb<\/a>, me an\u00ebtar\u00ebsim n\u00eb CEFTA, Kosova ka zbatuar provizionet e heqjes s\u00eb barrierave tregtare p\u00ebr vendet an\u00ebtare, gj\u00eb q\u00eb an\u00ebtar\u00ebt tjer\u00eb nuk e kan\u00eb b\u00ebr\u00eb n\u00eb relacion me Kosov\u00ebn. Edhe pse pjes\u00eb e nj\u00eb marr\u00ebveshje p\u00ebr tregti t\u00eb lir\u00eb, vendet an\u00ebtare shpesh kan\u00eb v\u00ebn\u00eb barriera jo-tarifore, t\u00eb cilat kan\u00eb d\u00ebmtuar ekonomin\u00eb kryesisht importuese t\u00eb Kosov\u00ebs. K\u00ebto barriera, t\u00eb vendeve t\u00eb rajonit, kan\u00eb qen\u00eb kryesisht t\u00eb bazuara n\u00eb argumente politike, e jo ekonomike. N\u00eb rastin e tregtis\u00eb me Serbin\u00eb, Kosov\u00ebs i jan\u00eb ndaluar eksportet, si rezultat i mosnjohjes s\u00eb pavar\u00ebsis\u00eb s\u00eb shtetit \u2013 nd\u00ebrsa Serbia mbetet eksportuesi m\u00eb i madh n\u00eb Kosov\u00eb. E nj\u00ebjta vlen edhe n\u00eb relacion me tregtin\u00eb me Bosnje e Hercegovin\u00ebn. N\u00ebse, CEFTA, si hap i par\u00eb i integrimit, na ofron nj\u00eb pasqyr\u00eb t\u00eb funksionalitetit t\u00eb marr\u00ebveshjeve t\u00eb tilla, Kosova, edhe pse respektuese e marr\u00ebveshjes, ka qen\u00eb humb\u00ebse p\u00ebr shkaqe politike.<\/p>\n

Mir\u00ebpo, edhe pse CEFTA nuk paraqet storie t\u00eb suksesit, Komisioni Evropian beson q\u00eb integrimi edhe m\u00eb i thell\u00eb i vendeve t\u00eb rajonit, do t\u00eb ket\u00eb sukses. Duke ju referuar\u00a0dokumentit<\/a>\u00a0i cili \u00ebsht\u00eb propozuar nga BE p\u00ebr Themelimin e Zon\u00ebs Ekonomike Rajonale, integrimi i Ballkanit Per\u00ebndimor parashihet t\u00eb b\u00ebhet n\u00eb kat\u00ebr shtylla kryesore: Tregti, Investime, L\u00ebvizje t\u00eb Lir\u00eb, dhe Integrim Digjital.<\/p>\n

N\u00eb shtyll\u00ebn e tregtis\u00eb parashihet zgjerim i mandatit t\u00eb CEFTA-s, duke p\u00ebrfshir\u00eb edhe tregtin\u00eb e lir\u00eb t\u00eb sh\u00ebrbimeve \u2013 dhe sigurimi i zbatimit t\u00eb korniz\u00ebs s\u00eb CEFTA, gj\u00eb q\u00eb deri tani nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb b\u00ebr\u00eb. P\u00ebr Kosov\u00ebn, integrimi i m\u00ebtutjesh\u00ebm n\u00eb kuad\u00ebr t\u00eb k\u00ebsaj shtylle duhet t\u00eb shihet me sy kritik. Kosova, n\u00eb form\u00ebn ekzistuese t\u00eb CEFTA ka bilanc tregtar negativ me vendet e CEFTA \u2013 si rezultat i moszbatimit t\u00eb marr\u00ebveshjes nga vendet tjera, por edhe si rezultat i kapaciteteve eksportuese m\u00eb t\u00eb ul\u00ebta t\u00eb Kosov\u00ebs n\u00eb krahasim me k\u00ebto vende. P\u00ebrve\u00e7 k\u00ebsaj, ekonomia e Kosov\u00ebs \u00ebsht\u00eb ende n\u00eb faza t\u00eb rim\u00ebk\u00ebmbjes industriale, e si e till\u00eb, ende nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb plot\u00ebsisht konkurruese me vendet e rajonit. Ky fakt, dhe fakti q\u00eb ekonomit\u00eb e rajonit jan\u00eb kryesisht t\u00eb ngjashme p\u00ebr kah p\u00ebrb\u00ebrja industriale, e v\u00eb zhvillimin e industris\u00eb dhe prodhimtaris\u00eb s\u00eb Kosov\u00ebs n\u00eb disavantazh. Zbatimi i mir\u00ebfillt\u00eb i nj\u00eb marr\u00ebveshje t\u00eb till\u00eb, edhe pse do t\u00eb kishte implikime p\u00ebr industrin\u00eb e vendit, mund t\u00eb hapte dyert p\u00ebr specializim n\u00eb fusha tjera prodhuese, n\u00eb t\u00eb cilat Kosova do t\u00eb gjente p\u00ebrpar\u00ebsin\u00eb krahasuese. Mir\u00ebpo, n\u00ebse CEFTA \u00ebsht\u00eb \u00e7far\u00ebdo baze krahasuese p\u00ebr Kosov\u00ebn \u2013 zgjerimi i mandatit dhe thellimi i integrimit n\u00ebn k\u00ebt\u00eb marr\u00ebveshje, p\u00ebr Kosov\u00ebn paraqet rrezik t\u00eb vazhdoj\u00eb t\u00eb gjendet n\u00eb pozit\u00eb t\u00eb pafavorshme kundrejt ekonomive tjera t\u00eb rajonit. Kjo shtyll\u00eb, b\u00ebn\u00a0tick<\/em>\u00a0karakteristik\u00ebn e par\u00eb n\u00eb tabel\u00ebn e m\u00ebsip\u00ebrme.<\/p>\n

N\u00eb shtyll\u00ebn e dyte t\u00eb integrimit, parashihet bashk\u00ebrendimi i p\u00ebrpjekjeve p\u00ebr t\u00ebrheqje t\u00eb investimeve t\u00eb huaja direkte \u2013 duke krijuar Agjend\u00ebn Rajonale p\u00ebr Investime dhe pas k\u00ebsaj, formalizmin e Agjend\u00ebs me an\u00eb t\u00eb instrumenteve ligjore, gj\u00eb q\u00eb do t\u00eb thot\u00eb harmonizim i kornizave ligjore kundrejt investimeve t\u00eb huaja direkte. N\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb pik\u00eb do t\u00eb ket\u00eb konvergjenc\u00eb t\u00eb legjislacionit t\u00eb vendeve t\u00eb rajonit drejt nj\u00eb kornize t\u00eb ngjashme ligjore p\u00ebr investitor\u00ebt e huaj. Si rezultat, Kosova, q\u00eb ka hartuar ligjet n\u00eb p\u00ebrputhje me direktivat evropiane, me gjas\u00eb do t\u00eb sh\u00ebrbej\u00eb si pik\u00eb reference p\u00ebr vendet e rajonit \u2013 duke qen\u00eb q\u00eb korniza ligjore e Kosov\u00ebs nuk parasheh kusht\u00ebzime p\u00ebr investitor\u00ebt e huaj (si rasti i Malit t\u00eb Zi) por as subvencionime e marr\u00ebveshje specifike (si rasti i Serbis\u00eb e Maqedonis\u00eb).<\/p>\n

Shtylla e tret\u00eb, e cila parasheh l\u00ebvizje t\u00eb lir\u00eb t\u00eb fuqis\u00eb pun\u00ebtore, s\u00ebrish shp\u00ebrfaq\u00eb problematik\u00ebn politike t\u00eb rajonit. Me propozimin e Komisionit Evropian, fuqia pun\u00ebtore, posa\u00e7\u00ebrisht ajo e kualifikuar do t\u00eb ket\u00eb mund\u00ebsin\u00eb e mobilitetit n\u00ebp\u00ebr rajon \u2013 si rezultat i njohjes s\u00eb nd\u00ebrsjell\u00eb t\u00eb kualifikimeve nga an\u00ebtar\u00ebt e marr\u00ebveshjes. Si pik\u00eb e vetme reference p\u00ebr suksesin e k\u00ebsaj shtylle, \u00ebsht\u00eb fakti q\u00eb Kosova tashm\u00eb ka nj\u00eb marr\u00ebveshje t\u00eb till\u00eb me Serbin\u00eb, t\u00eb arritur n\u00ebn mbik\u00ebqyrjen e BE-s\u00eb, e cila nuk po zbatohet. Sikurse CEFTA. Bashkimi Evropian p\u00ebr k\u00ebt\u00eb shtyll\u00eb, duket t\u00eb q\u00ebndroj\u00eb n\u00eb iden\u00eb \u201ct\u00eb provojm\u00eb edhe di\u00e7ka tjet\u00ebr, ndoshta funksionon.\u201d Problematik\u00eb tjet\u00ebr e mobilitetit t\u00eb fuqis\u00eb pun\u00ebtore, \u00ebsht\u00eb barriera e gjuh\u00ebs, e cila Kosov\u00ebn dhe Shqip\u00ebrin\u00eb i v\u00eb n\u00eb disavantazh krahasuar me vendet tjera t\u00eb rajonit n\u00eb relacion me nj\u00ebra tjetr\u00ebn. Me propozimin e shtyll\u00ebs s\u00eb mobilitetit, b\u00ebhet\u00a0tick<\/em>\u00a0edhe pika e tret\u00eb n\u00eb tabel\u00eb.<\/p>\n

Nd\u00ebrsa shtylla e Integrimit Digjital, \u00ebsht\u00eb e mundur t\u00eb shoh\u00eb vendet tjera t\u00eb rajonit t\u00eb p\u00ebrafrohen me Kosov\u00ebn, duke qen\u00eb q\u00eb Kosova ka nivel m\u00eb t\u00eb lart\u00eb t\u00eb avancimit digjital n\u00eb rajon.<\/p>\n

S\u00eb fundi, ky plan \u2013 edhe pse jo fort i elaboruar, parasheh q\u00eb rajoni si t\u00ebr\u00ebsi t\u00eb ket\u00eb bashk\u00ebpunim me ekonomit\u00eb e jashtme, q\u00eb b\u00ebn\u00a0tick<\/em> edhe pik\u00ebn e fundit n\u00eb karakteristikat e tregut t\u00eb p\u00ebrbashk\u00ebt. K\u00ebshtu, edhe pse emrin nuk e ka t\u00eb till\u00eb, propozimit p\u00ebr Zon\u00ebn Rajonale Ekonomike po i vjen era treg i p\u00ebrbashk\u00ebt ekonomik. E kjo, jo q\u00eb duhet t\u00eb jemi kund\u00ebr nj\u00eb tregu t\u00eb p\u00ebrbashk\u00ebt ekonomik, po p\u00ebr t\u00eb hyr\u00eb n\u00eb nj\u00eb t\u00eb till\u00eb, duhet t\u00eb jemi t\u00eb vet\u00ebdijsh\u00ebm, e mbi t\u00eb gjitha, duhet t\u2019i rregullojm\u00eb nj\u00eb s\u00ebr\u00eb \u00e7\u00ebshtjesh paraprakisht. Rajonit ton\u00eb, para nj\u00eb integrimi m\u00eb t\u00eb thell\u00eb, i duhet integrim m\u00eb funksional.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Globalizmi. Integrimi ekonomik. Hapja e kufijve. Ulja dhe zhdukja e barrierave. Integrimi i m\u00ebtutjesh\u00ebm. T\u00eb gjitha rrug\u00ebt t\u00eb \u00e7ojn\u00eb n\u00eb Rom\u00eb \u2013 drejt integrimit, sepse nga integrimi p\u00ebrfitojn\u00eb t\u00eb gjith\u00eb. Sikur t\u00eb kishte integrim m\u00eb t\u00eb thell\u00eb, do t\u00eb p\u00ebrfitonin edhe shtetet e Ballkanit Per\u00ebndimor. Nj\u00eb nd\u00ebr rajonet m\u00eb jo-funksionale, ky i joni, propozohet t\u00eb […]<\/p>","protected":false},"author":249,"featured_media":11025,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[13],"tags":[988,1366,2034],"ppma_author":[2031],"class_list":["post-3620","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-analize","tag-ballkani-perendimor","tag-ekonomia","tag-integrimi-ekonomik"],"authors":[{"term_id":2031,"user_id":249,"is_guest":0,"slug":"dita-dobranja","display_name":"Dita Dobranja","avatar_url":{"url":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/dita-dobranja-e1734014066516.jpg","url2x":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/dita-dobranja-e1734014066516.jpg"},"user_url":"","last_name":"Dobranja","first_name":"Dita","description":"Dita Dobranja \u00ebsht\u00eb ekonomiste e fokusuar n\u00eb ekonomin\u00eb e tregut t\u00eb pun\u00ebs, ekonomin\u00eb gjinore dhe tregtin\u00eb nd\u00ebrkomb\u00ebtare. Ajo i ka kryer studimet masters n\u00eb deg\u00ebn e ekonomis\u00eb nd\u00ebrkomb\u00ebtare n\u00eb Universitetin Amerikan n\u00eb Uashington DC. Dita punon si ekonomiste n\u00eb projekte t\u00eb ndryshme. Aktualisht ligj\u00ebron n\u00eb RIT Kosovo dhe \u00ebsht\u00eb autore n\u00eb platform\u00ebn \u201cExploring Economics\u201d (Eksplorimi i Ekonomis\u00eb)."}],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/sr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3620","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/sr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/sr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/sr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/249"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/sr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3620"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/sr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3620\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":11027,"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/sr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3620\/revisions\/11027"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/sr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/11025"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/sr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3620"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/sr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=3620"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/sr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=3620"},{"taxonomy":"author","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/sr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/ppma_author?post=3620"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}