{"id":3700,"date":"2017-10-04T11:56:52","date_gmt":"2017-10-04T09:56:52","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/?p=3700"},"modified":"2024-10-31T12:44:06","modified_gmt":"2024-10-31T10:44:06","slug":"permiresimi-i-gabimeve-nga-librat-e-historise","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/sr\/opinion\/permiresimi-i-gabimeve-nga-librat-e-historise\/","title":{"rendered":"P\u00ebrmir\u00ebsimi i gabimeve nga librat e historis\u00eb"},"content":{"rendered":"
\n

S\u00eb fundmi n\u00eb Sbunker u diskutua historia q\u00eb m\u00ebsohet sot n\u00eb shkollat e Kosov\u00ebs, m\u00ebnyr\u00ebn si nuk lidhet aspak me t\u00eb v\u00ebrtetat, por m\u00eb shum\u00eb sh\u00ebrben p\u00ebr t\u00eb imponuar nj\u00eb vizion t\u00eb caktuar p\u00ebr t\u00eb kaluar\u00ebn e shteteve. Kur historia nuk m\u00ebsohet si duhet, ekziston rreziku p\u00ebr rikthimin e destabilitetit dhe dhun\u00ebs. Nx\u00ebn\u00ebsit e student\u00ebt duhet t\u00eb trajtohen me m\u00eb shum\u00eb respekt. Nj\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u00eb reaguar \u00ebsht\u00eb gjetja e m\u00ebnyrave p\u00ebr ta leht\u00ebsuar qasjen n\u00eb t\u00eb kuptuarit e k\u00ebsaj historie. Nj\u00eb uebfaqe e krijuar nga OJQ New Perspektiva, \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb reagim i till\u00eb. Faqja \u00ebsht\u00eb pik\u00eb reference p\u00ebrmes t\u00eb cil\u00ebs student\u00ebt dhe m\u00ebsimdh\u00ebn\u00ebsit mund ta shohin nj\u00eb tjet\u00ebr narracion t\u00eb historis\u00eb s\u00eb Kosov\u00ebs, ku pik\u00ebv\u00ebshtrimi p\u00ebrb\u00ebhet prej shum\u00eb perspektivash.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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Historian\u00ebt evropian\u00eb dhe m\u00ebsimdh\u00ebn\u00ebsit e gjysm\u00ebs s\u00eb fundit t\u00eb shekullit t\u00eb nj\u00ebzet\u00eb, e pan\u00eb t\u00eb nevojsh\u00ebm ndryshimin e m\u00ebnyr\u00ebs si e m\u00ebsojm\u00eb historin\u00eb. Historia nuk ishte m\u00eb nj\u00eb grup faktesh q\u00eb duheshin memorizuar, por nj\u00eb l\u00ebmi t\u00eb cil\u00ebn duhet hulumtuar, interpretuar, si shkenc\u00eb shoq\u00ebrore. Disa prej nesh madje e p\u00ebrafruam shum\u00eb me antropologjin\u00eb.<\/p>\n

R\u00ebnia e Murit t\u00eb Berlinit n\u00eb vitin 1989 rr\u00ebzoi edhe muret q\u00eb e ngulfatnin m\u00ebsimin e hapur t\u00eb historis\u00eb n\u00eb ish-shtetet e Traktatit t\u00eb Varshav\u00ebs. N\u00eb Europ\u00eb, koncepti i multi-perspektivave u fut n\u00eb diskursin e t\u00eb m\u00ebsuarit t\u00eb historis\u00eb n\u00eb vitet 1970. Pas vitit 1989, p\u00ebrdorimi i tij u rrit mjaft, pasiq\u00eb historia u desh t\u00eb rishkruhej e t\u00eb m\u00ebsohej ndryshe, duke qen\u00eb se shum\u00eb shtete evropiane u b\u00ebn\u00eb etnikisht m\u00eb diverse, dhe p\u00ebr shkak se p\u00ebsuan shum\u00eb zhvillime shoq\u00ebrore. Diskursi i ri politik njohu faktin q\u00eb nx\u00ebn\u00ebsit duhet t\u00eb p\u00ebrvet\u00ebsojn\u00eb shkatht\u00ebsit\u00eb e analiz\u00ebs, interpretimit dhe sintetizimit t\u00eb fakteve t\u00eb marra prej burimeve t\u00eb ndryshme. Gjithashtu, duksh\u00ebm u rrit edhe pranimi i faktit q\u00eb historia deri m\u00eb at\u00ebher\u00eb, n\u00eb vend se t\u00eb ishte p\u00ebrfshir\u00ebse, ishte m\u00ebsuar nga nj\u00eb perspektiv\u00eb mono-kulturore, etnocentrike, p\u00ebrjashtuese, mb\u00ebshtetur mbi supozimin q\u00eb narrativa komb\u00ebtare gjithnj\u00eb i p\u00ebrshtatej grupit m\u00eb t\u00eb madh komb\u00ebtar, gjuh\u00ebsor apo kulturor. Shkollat tani duhej t\u2019i p\u00ebrgatisnin t\u00eb rinjt\u00eb p\u00ebr nj\u00eb jet\u00eb me diversitet etnik, kulturor, gjuh\u00ebsor e fetar.<\/p>\n

Shtetet e Ballkanit, pas r\u00ebnies s\u00eb ish-Jugosllavis\u00eb dhe krijimit t\u00eb shteteve t\u00eb reja t\u00eb pavarura, t\u00eb cilat deklarojn\u00eb se jan\u00eb demokraci, ndaluan rr\u00ebnimin e mureve, dhe filluan nd\u00ebrtimin e mureve t\u00eb reja, prej identiteteve t\u00eb reja, mure t\u00eb cilat ngulfat\u00ebn p\u00ebrvojat e ngjashme dhe fatin e p\u00ebrbashk\u00ebt historik t\u00eb atyre ish-bashk\u00ebqytetar\u00ebve. U shkruan tekste t\u00eb reja shkollore, dhe k\u00ebshtu historia i kontribuoi zhvillimit t\u00eb historis\u00eb komb\u00ebtare, e cila nuk kishte mb\u00ebshtetje n\u00eb hulumtim t\u00eb v\u00ebrtet\u00eb, burime apo fakte. Historia u b\u00eb tep\u00ebr e politizuar.<\/p>\n

Ky rind\u00ebrtim i historis\u00eb b\u00ebri q\u00eb K\u00ebshilli i Evrop\u00ebs dhe Bashkimi Evropian t\u00eb shprehin shqet\u00ebsime t\u00eb r\u00ebnda p\u00ebr k\u00ebt\u00eb proces, i cili k\u00ebrc\u00ebnonte stabilitetin e brisht\u00eb t\u00eb k\u00ebtyre shteteve t\u00eb Ballkanit. N\u00eb fillim t\u00eb k\u00ebtij viti, Komisioneri i K\u00ebshillit t\u00eb Evrop\u00ebs p\u00ebr t\u00eb Drejtat e Njeriut, Nils Muiznicks, n\u00eb raportin e tij mbi Kosov\u00ebn, theksoi paragjykimet dhe nacionalizmin n\u00ebp\u00ebr tekste shkollore, dhe munges\u00ebn e mir\u00ebkuptimit nd\u00ebrkulturor. Ai i b\u00ebri thirrje qeveris\u00eb s\u00eb Kosov\u00ebs t\u2019i rishikoj\u00eb metodat e m\u00ebsimdh\u00ebnies dhe metodologjin\u00eb.<\/p>\n

M\u00ebsimdh\u00ebn\u00ebs nga dy bashk\u00ebsit\u00eb etnike n\u00eb Kosov\u00eb kan\u00eb pak\u00ebnaq\u00ebsi rreth m\u00ebnyr\u00ebs me t\u00eb cil\u00ebn jan\u00eb t\u00eb detyruar t\u2019ua m\u00ebsojn\u00eb historin\u00eb t\u00eb rinjve, si pasoj\u00eb e narrativ\u00ebs q\u00eb figuron n\u00eb librat shkollore. K\u00ebto tekste shkollore prezantojn\u00eb vet\u00ebm nj\u00eb perspektiv\u00eb t\u00eb historis\u00eb t\u00eb cil\u00ebn e trajtojn\u00eb. L\u00ebkura m\u00eb rr\u00ebnqethej kur flisja me nj\u00ebrin nga m\u00ebsimdh\u00ebn\u00ebsit, i cili m\u00eb thoshte: \u201cNjer\u00ebzit q\u00eb nuk m\u00ebsojn\u00eb nga gabimet e historis\u00eb, jan\u00eb t\u00eb d\u00ebnuar q\u00eb t\u2019i p\u00ebrs\u00ebrisin ato. Fatkeq\u00ebsisht, ne jemi duke i helmuar f\u00ebmij\u00ebt. Ky helm i urrejtjes duhet t\u00eb ndalet. Nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb \u00e7udi p\u00ebr politikan\u00ebt t\u00eb nxisin luft\u00ebra, por \u00ebsht\u00eb e \u00e7uditshme kur at\u00eb e b\u00ebjn\u00eb akademik\u00ebt (autor\u00ebt e librave shkollor\u00eb)\u201d.<\/p>\n

Disa m\u00ebsimdh\u00ebn\u00ebs provojn\u00eb t\u2019i m\u00ebsojn\u00eb nx\u00ebn\u00ebsit edhe jasht\u00eb k\u00ebtyre kufijve t\u00eb imponuar, por nuk e kan\u00eb t\u00eb leht\u00eb, meq\u00eb nx\u00ebn\u00ebsit n\u00eb fund testohen sipas materialit t\u00eb teksteve shkollore. Shum\u00eb nga m\u00ebsimdh\u00ebn\u00ebsit edhe vet kan\u00eb pasur p\u00ebrvoja t\u00eb v\u00ebshtira nga konfliktet m\u00eb t\u00eb fundit, dhe ato t\u00eb m\u00ebparshme. Kjo v\u00ebrehet n\u00eb nuancat e ndjeshm\u00ebris\u00eb dhe emocioneve. Ata jan\u00eb t\u00eb detyruar ta mbrojn\u00eb historin\u00eb e vendit t\u00eb tyre, dhe si pasoj\u00eb nuk jan\u00eb n\u00eb gjendje t\u2019ua hapin mendjet nx\u00ebn\u00ebsve.<\/p>\n

Media sociale iu ofron nx\u00ebn\u00ebsve e student\u00ebve nj\u00eb sasi t\u00eb madhe t\u00eb materialit historik, t\u00eb d\u00ebmsh\u00ebm dhe t\u00eb dobish\u00ebm. Ata, pastaj, n\u00eb baz\u00eb t\u00eb k\u00ebtij materiali po i sfidojn\u00eb librat shkollor\u00eb dhe po ju b\u00ebjn\u00eb m\u00eb shum\u00eb pyetje m\u00ebsimdh\u00ebn\u00ebsve t\u00eb tyre. Sado q\u00eb kjo \u00ebsht\u00eb mir\u00eb, fakti q\u00eb b\u00ebhet n\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb t\u00eb rast\u00ebsishme \u00ebsht\u00eb d\u00ebm. Edhe m\u00eb shqet\u00ebsues \u00ebsht\u00eb fakti q\u00eb student\u00ebt nuk jan\u00eb m\u00ebsuar ta dallojn\u00eb interpretimin nga fakti, t\u00eb deshifrojn\u00eb e kontrollojn\u00eb at\u00eb \u00e7ka lexojn\u00eb. Nuk jan\u00eb t\u00eb pajisur me shkatht\u00ebsi t\u00eb mendimit kritik p\u00ebrmes nj\u00eb metodologjie multi-perspektiv\u00ebshe. Shum\u00eb prej tyre nuk kan\u00eb pasur mund\u00ebsi ta m\u00ebsojn\u00eb historin\u00eb si studim i sjelljes njerzore, q\u00eb m\u00eb pas do t\u2019i b\u00ebnte qytetar\u00eb m\u00eb demokratik\u00eb e t\u00eb civilizuar.<\/p>\n

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_________<\/p>\n

Ky artikull \u00ebsht\u00eb mund\u00ebsuar me p\u00ebrkrahjen bujare t\u00eb popullit amerikan p\u00ebrmes Agjencis\u00eb s\u00eb Shteteve t\u00eb Bashkuara p\u00ebr Zhvillim Nd\u00ebrkomb\u00ebtar \u2013 USAID. P\u00ebrmbajtja \u00ebsht\u00eb p\u00ebrgjegj\u00ebsi e Sbunker dhe nuk pasqyron pik\u00ebpamjet e USAID-it apo t\u00eb Qeveris\u00eb s\u00eb Shteteve t\u00eb Bashkuara. Artikulli \u00ebsht\u00eb pjes\u00eb e projektit \u201cParandalimi i ekstremizmit p\u00ebrmes Programit p\u00ebr Mendimin Kritik\u201d q\u00eb implementohet nga Sbunker, p\u00ebrmes Programit Angazhimi p\u00ebr Barazi \u2013 E4E, i financuar nga Agjencia e Shteteve t\u00eb Bashkuara p\u00ebr Zhvillim Nd\u00ebrkomb\u00ebtar \u2013 USAID dhe realizuar nga Qendra e Trajnimeve dhe Burimeve p\u00ebr Avokim -ATRC.<\/em><\/p>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

S\u00eb fundmi n\u00eb Sbunker u diskutua historia q\u00eb m\u00ebsohet sot n\u00eb shkollat e Kosov\u00ebs, m\u00ebnyr\u00ebn si nuk lidhet aspak me t\u00eb v\u00ebrtetat, por m\u00eb shum\u00eb sh\u00ebrben p\u00ebr t\u00eb imponuar nj\u00eb vizion t\u00eb caktuar p\u00ebr t\u00eb kaluar\u00ebn e shteteve. Kur historia nuk m\u00ebsohet si duhet, ekziston rreziku p\u00ebr rikthimin e destabilitetit dhe dhun\u00ebs. Nx\u00ebn\u00ebsit e student\u00ebt […]<\/p>","protected":false},"author":124,"featured_media":8407,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[9],"tags":[712,664],"ppma_author":[149],"class_list":["post-3700","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-opinion","tag-history","tag-kosovo"],"authors":[{"term_id":149,"user_id":124,"is_guest":0,"slug":"joanna-hanson","display_name":"Joanna Hanson","avatar_url":{"url":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/download-15-1.jpg","url2x":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/download-15-1.jpg"},"user_url":"","last_name":"Hanson","first_name":"Joanna","description":"Joanna Hanson \u00ebsht\u00eb drejtore ekzekutive e organizat\u00ebs New Perspektiva. M\u00eb her\u00ebt ajo ka punuar n\u00eb British Foreign and Commonwealth Office dhe si redaktore n\u00eb BBC. Ajo i ka p\u00ebrfunduar studimet n York University (UK) me diplom\u00eb n\u00eb Histori Moderne, kurse m\u00eb von\u00eb doktorat\u00ebn n\u00eb School of Slavonic and Eastern European Studies, UCL, Lond\u00ebr."}],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/sr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3700","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/sr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/sr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/sr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/124"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/sr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3700"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/sr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3700\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":9320,"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/sr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3700\/revisions\/9320"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/sr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/8407"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/sr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3700"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/sr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=3700"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/sr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=3700"},{"taxonomy":"author","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/sr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/ppma_author?post=3700"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}