{"id":3971,"date":"2019-07-05T10:24:49","date_gmt":"2019-07-05T08:24:49","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/?p=3971"},"modified":"2024-10-21T13:41:53","modified_gmt":"2024-10-21T11:41:53","slug":"neksusi-relacional-dhe-shtetet-evropiane-qe-nuk-njohin-kosoven","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/sr\/analize\/neksusi-relacional-dhe-shtetet-evropiane-qe-nuk-njohin-kosoven\/","title":{"rendered":"“Neksusi relacional” dhe shtetet evropiane q\u00eb nuk njohin Kosov\u00ebn"},"content":{"rendered":"
\n

Kur Republika e Kosov\u00ebs shpalli pavar\u00ebsin\u00eb e saj ShBA-t\u00eb dhe shtetet kryesore t\u00eb BE-s\u00eb e njoh\u00ebn at\u00eb, meqen\u00ebse procesi i shk\u00ebputjes s\u00eb Kosov\u00ebs nga Serbia nuk ishte b\u00ebr\u00eb n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00ebn tradicionale t\u00eb s\u00eb Drejt\u00ebs p\u00ebr Vet\u00ebvendosje, duhej nj\u00eb rr\u00ebfenj\u00eb e ve\u00e7ant\u00eb p\u00ebr ta justifikuar njohjen e Kosov\u00ebs si shtet t\u00eb pavarur. Me q\u00ebllim t\u00eb menaxhimit t\u00eb kaosit nd\u00ebrkomb\u00ebtar q\u00eb do t\u00eb mund t\u00eb krijonte ky akt si precedent, njohjet e Kosov\u00ebs komplementoheshin me narrativ\u00ebn e <\/span>sui generis<\/em>.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

Struktura logjike e k\u00ebsaj rr\u00ebfenje p\u00ebrb\u00ebhet nga kat\u00ebr elemente kryesore:<\/p>\n

1. Fundi i shp\u00ebrb\u00ebrjes s\u00eb ish-Jugosllavis\u00eb<\/p>\n

2. Shkelja e t\u00eb drejtave t\u00eb njeriut<\/p>\n

3. Nd\u00ebrhyrja humanitare<\/p>\n

4. Periudha e protektoratit nd\u00ebrkomb\u00ebtar<\/p>\n

Duke marr\u00eb k\u00ebta p\u00ebrb\u00ebr\u00ebs dhe duke i konvertuar n\u00eb nj\u00eb diskurs politik u arsyetua shk\u00ebputja e Kosov\u00ebs nga Serbia dhe njohja e saj si shtet i pavarur. Sipas p\u00ebrkrah\u00ebsve t\u00eb pavar\u00ebsis\u00eb, Kosova \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb rast i ve\u00e7ant\u00eb me t\u00eb cilin nuk mund t\u00eb barazohet asnj\u00eb rast tjet\u00ebr n\u00eb bot\u00eb.<\/p>\n

Megjithat\u00eb nj\u00eb pjes\u00eb e konsiderueshme e shteteve nuk e pan\u00eb t\u00eb arsyeshme q\u00eb ta njohin shtet\u00ebsin\u00eb e Kosov\u00ebs. Ato nuk u pajtuan me ligj\u00ebrimin se Kosova \u00ebsht\u00eb rast unik. P\u00ebrkundrazi, ata e pan\u00eb dhe ende e shohin Kosov\u00ebn si precedent me magnitud\u00eb t\u00eb efekteve t\u00eb d\u00ebmshme p\u00ebr dinamikat e tyre t\u00eb brendshme shtet\u00ebrore.<\/p>\n

Kjo vlen sidomos p\u00ebr Bosnj\u00ebn dhe 5 vendet e BE-s\u00eb t\u00eb cilat deri m\u00eb tash nuk e kan\u00eb njohur Kosov\u00ebn si shtet t\u00eb pavarur.<\/p>\n

K\u00ebto shtete bien n\u00eb kategorin\u00eb e shteteve q\u00eb Kosov\u00ebn nuk e njohin p\u00ebr shkak se jan\u00eb kund\u00ebr pavar\u00ebsimit n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb t\u00eb nj\u00ebanshme. Arsyeja p\u00ebr k\u00ebt\u00eb gjendet n\u00eb faktin se k\u00ebto shtete konsiderojn\u00eb se m\u00ebnyra e pavar\u00ebsimit t\u00eb Kosov\u00ebs p\u00ebrb\u00ebn precedent p\u00ebr disa rajone e komunitete komb\u00ebtare q\u00eb duan ose t\u00eb shk\u00ebputen plot\u00ebsisht, ose t\u00eb forcojn\u00eb pozicionin e tyre t\u00eb brendsh\u00ebm.<\/p>\n

K\u00ebsisoj, politika e tyre e jashtme n\u00eb raport me Kosov\u00ebn \u00ebsht\u00eb inxhinieruar n\u00eb nj\u00eb kontekst kompleks t\u00eb brendsh\u00ebm. Qasja e tyre e jashtme \u00ebsht\u00eb artikuluar n\u00eb p\u00ebrputhje me nd\u00ebrlikimet e brendshme. K\u00ebt\u00eb qasje mund ta konceptualizojm\u00eb p\u00ebrmes konceptit t\u00eb \u201cneksusit relacional\u201d t\u00eb Rogers Brubaker, q\u00eb k\u00ebrkon nj\u00eb vler\u00ebsim t\u00eb serive t\u00eb nd\u00ebrveprimeve mes shteteve dhe n\u00ebngrupeve, sidomos n\u00eb shtetet kuazi-federale dhe shtetet me komunitete t\u00eb ndryshme etnike.<\/p>\n

N\u00eb rastin e pavar\u00ebsis\u00eb s\u00eb Kosov\u00ebs, disa rajone secesioniste e kan\u00eb par\u00eb si nj\u00eb moment t\u00eb ri n\u00eb t\u00eb drejt\u00ebn nd\u00ebrkomb\u00ebtare dhe si rast p\u00ebr t\u00eb riaktualizuar ose p\u00ebr ta intensifikuar p\u00ebrpjekjen e tyre p\u00ebr shk\u00ebputje, nd\u00ebrkoh\u00eb q\u00eb disa shtete kan\u00eb forcuar pozicionin e tyre kund\u00ebr pavar\u00ebsive n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb t\u00eb nj\u00ebanshme. Spanja p\u00ebr shembull ka marr\u00eb vendim q\u00eb t\u00eb mos e njoh\u00eb Kosov\u00ebn p\u00ebr shkak t\u00eb raporteve me komunitetin bask dhe katalunas.<\/p>\n

Me t\u00eb shpallur Kosova pavar\u00ebsin\u00eb, p\u00ebrfaq\u00ebsuesit bask\u00eb than\u00eb se \u201cKosova \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb rast p\u00ebr t\u2019u ndjekur\u201d dhe organizuan nj\u00eb referendum p\u00ebr pavar\u00ebsi q\u00eb m\u00eb pas u shpall si i pavlefsh\u00ebm nga Gjykata Kushtetuese Spanjolle. E nj\u00ebjta vlen edhe p\u00ebr p\u00ebrpjekjet e Katalonis\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u2019u pavar\u00ebsuar nga Spanja. Organizimi i referendumit katalan p\u00ebr pavar\u00ebsi ngjalli tensione n\u00eb Spanj\u00eb dhe vet\u00ebm se e bindi m\u00eb shum\u00eb Spanj\u00ebn n\u00eb kund\u00ebrshtin\u00eb e saj p\u00ebr pavar\u00ebsin\u00eb e Kosov\u00ebs.<\/p>\n

N\u00eb p\u00ebrpilimin e tyre t\u00eb referendumit, p\u00ebrfaq\u00ebsuesit katalan\u00eb iu referuan Kosov\u00ebs n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb indirekte, konkretisht vendimit t\u00eb GJND-s\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u00eb arsyetuar synimin e tyre p\u00ebr shk\u00ebputje.<\/p>\n

K\u00ebto veprime radikalizuan q\u00ebndrimin e Spanj\u00ebs n\u00eb raport me Kosov\u00ebn. Zyrtarisht Spanja n\u00eb opinionin e saj n\u00eb GJND p\u00ebr rastin e Kosov\u00ebs nuk e ka lidhur mosnjohjen e Kosov\u00ebs me \u00e7\u00ebshtjet e saj t\u00eb brendshme, por \u00ebsht\u00eb evidente q\u00eb nj\u00eb lidhje e till\u00eb ekziston n\u00eb sfond t\u00eb qasjes s\u00eb saj. N\u00eb baz\u00eb t\u00eb \u201cneksusit relacional\u201d, mobilizimi i ekstremist\u00ebve n\u00eb nj\u00eb grup shkakton mobilizimin e ekstremist\u00ebve n\u00eb grupin tjet\u00ebr.<\/p>\n

N\u00eb baz\u00eb t\u00eb k\u00ebsaj teorie, forcimi i aspiratave t\u00eb bask\u00ebve p\u00ebr pavar\u00ebsi radikalizoi katalan\u00ebt q\u00eb k\u00ebrkuan t\u00eb nj\u00ebjt\u00ebn dhe ashp\u00ebrsuan masat e Spanj\u00ebs. Pra ka nj\u00eb relacion trek\u00ebnd\u00ebsh me akter\u00eb t\u00eb cil\u00ebt n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb konstante ndikojn\u00eb te nj\u00ebri-tjetri me (mos)veprimet e tyre. Interpretimi q\u00eb secila pal\u00eb ia ka b\u00ebr\u00eb pavar\u00ebsis\u00eb s\u00eb Kosov\u00ebs ka polarizuar mjedisin politik n\u00eb Spanj\u00eb duke prodhuar edhe tensione t\u00eb brendshme.<\/p>\n

E nj\u00ebjta vlen edhe p\u00ebr Bosnje dhe Hercegovin\u00ebn. Situata k\u00ebtu \u00ebsht\u00eb ndryshe sepse Bosnja nuk e njeh Kosov\u00ebn p\u00ebr shkak t\u00eb munges\u00ebs s\u00eb unitetit n\u00eb qeverisjen qendrore t\u00eb vendit q\u00eb vjen si pasoj\u00eb e vetos s\u00eb Republika Srpskas. Boshnjak\u00ebt dhe kroat\u00ebt jan\u00eb p\u00ebr njohjen e Kosov\u00ebs, por refuzimi i vazhduesh\u00ebm i komunitetit serb e pamund\u00ebson aktin e njohjes.<\/p>\n

Infrastruktura e shtetit boshnjak – e nd\u00ebrtuar mbi Marr\u00ebveshjen e Daytonit – \u00ebsht\u00eb fertile p\u00ebr riprodhimin e polarizimit dhe mospajtimeve mes tri komuniteteve kryesore dhe kjo pamund\u00ebson krijimin e nj\u00eb konsensusi rreth \u00e7\u00ebshtjes s\u00eb Kosov\u00ebs.<\/p>\n

N\u00eb secilin grupacion etnik ka t\u00eb moderuar dhe ekstremist\u00eb dhe n\u00eb \u201cneksusin relacional\u201d forcimi i ekstremist\u00ebve n\u00eb nj\u00ebrin grup prodhon nj\u00eb efekt zinxhir dhe forcon ekstremist\u00ebt n\u00eb grupet e tjera dhe pamund\u00ebson bashk\u00ebpunim mes t\u00eb moderuarve.<\/p>\n

Nd\u00ebrkoh\u00eb, Serbia dhe Kroacia me paternalizmin dhe nd\u00ebrhyrjet e tyre n\u00eb Bosnj\u00eb vet\u00ebm sa e rritin v\u00ebllimin e nd\u00ebrveprimeve n\u00eb \u201cneksusin relacional\u201d q\u00eb polarizojn\u00eb situat\u00ebn. Kjo e dallon prej rastit t\u00eb Spanj\u00ebs ku nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb se ka nd\u00ebrhyrje t\u00eb shumta nga shtete tjera.<\/p>\n

N\u00eb rastin e Kosov\u00ebs, sikur edhe p\u00ebr shum\u00eb tjera n\u00eb Bosnj\u00eb, ka vet\u00ebm mospajtime. Bosnja \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb shembull i preksh\u00ebm i shteteve \u201cskizofrenike\u201d, me shum\u00eb \u00e7arje t\u00eb brendshme, me shum\u00eb fragmentime e fraktura q\u00eb pamund\u00ebsojn\u00eb politika koherente dhe q\u00eb sfidon teorit\u00eb (neo)realiste mbi shtetet si entitete unitare.<\/p>\n

P\u00ebrmes skem\u00ebs s\u00eb \u201cneksusit relacional\u201d mund t\u00eb p\u00ebrshkruhet edhe refuzimi i Rumanis\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u00eb njohur Kosov\u00ebn. Shteti rumun \u00ebsht\u00eb prej shteteve m\u00eb t\u00eb centralizuar n\u00eb Evrop\u00eb dhe shpallja e pavar\u00ebsis\u00eb s\u00eb Kosov\u00ebs ka ngjallur droj\u00eb se mund t\u00eb trim\u00ebroj\u00eb komunitetin hungarez.<\/p>\n

Mir\u00ebpo shteti rumun nuk ka b\u00ebr\u00eb dallim t\u00eb qart\u00eb mes k\u00ebrkesave secesioniste dhe josecesioniste. P\u00ebrderisa Kosova \u00ebsht\u00eb pavar\u00ebsuar p\u00ebrmes politik\u00ebs secesioniste, komuniteti hungarez n\u00eb Rumani k\u00ebrkon vet\u00ebm ristrukturim territorial q\u00eb do t\u2019u jepte m\u00eb shum\u00eb autonomi.<\/p>\n

Elitat nacionaliste rumune kan\u00eb ekzagjeruar problemin duke folur p\u00ebr nj\u00eb \u201cspekt\u00ebr t\u00eb politikave t\u00eb dhunshme p\u00ebr pavar\u00ebsim q\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb duke u sjellur mbi shtetin rumun\u201d. Duke mos b\u00ebr\u00eb dallim mes k\u00ebrkesave t\u00eb Kosov\u00ebs dhe hungarez\u00ebve, shteti rumun ka margjinalizuar komunitetin hungarez dhe kjo ka forcuar frontin radikal hungarez dhe ka dob\u00ebsuar t\u00eb moderuarit.<\/p>\n

Pra edhe n\u00eb Rumani mund t\u00eb aplikohet skema relacionale e Brubaker. Shteti rumun \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb aren\u00eb e nj\u00eb kontesti mes nacionalizmit shtet\u00ebror rumun dhe komunitetit hungarez q\u00eb mban raporte edhe me shtetin hungarez. Edhe kemi t\u00eb b\u00ebjm\u00eb me nj\u00eb relacion trek\u00ebnd\u00ebsh ku raportet mes komuniteteve formojn\u00eb pjes\u00ebrisht identitetin e grupeve tjera dhe ndikojn\u00eb n\u00eb sjelljen e tyre.<\/p>\n

E nj\u00ebjta vlen edhe p\u00ebr Greqin\u00eb, Qipron dhe Sllovakin\u00eb q\u00eb kan\u00eb problemet e tyre t\u00eb brendshme dhe n\u00eb t\u00eb cilat politika artikulohet n\u00eb dinamikat relacionale mes shteteve dhe elementeve joshtet\u00ebrore. Mir\u00ebpo p\u00ebr shkak t\u00eb hap\u00ebsir\u00ebs s\u00eb kufizuar n\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb shkrim nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb e mundur t\u00eb elaborohet gjer\u00ebsisht p\u00ebr to.<\/p>\n

Si fund, shihet se teoria relacionale \u00ebsht\u00eb e vyeshme n\u00eb t\u00eb kuptuarit e dinamikave t\u00eb brendshme t\u00eb shteteve q\u00eb nuk e njohin Kosov\u00ebn dhe n\u00eb baz\u00eb t\u00eb kompleksitetit q\u00eb kan\u00eb duhet edhe t\u00eb nd\u00ebrtohen strategjit\u00eb p\u00ebr krijimin e raporteve diplomatike me ta.<\/p>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Kur Republika e Kosov\u00ebs shpalli pavar\u00ebsin\u00eb e saj ShBA-t\u00eb dhe shtetet kryesore t\u00eb BE-s\u00eb e njoh\u00ebn at\u00eb, meqen\u00ebse procesi i shk\u00ebputjes s\u00eb Kosov\u00ebs nga Serbia nuk ishte b\u00ebr\u00eb n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00ebn tradicionale t\u00eb s\u00eb Drejt\u00ebs p\u00ebr Vet\u00ebvendosje, duhej nj\u00eb rr\u00ebfenj\u00eb e ve\u00e7ant\u00eb p\u00ebr ta justifikuar njohjen e Kosov\u00ebs si shtet t\u00eb pavarur. Me q\u00ebllim t\u00eb menaxhimit […]<\/p>","protected":false},"author":511,"featured_media":8799,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[13],"tags":[664],"ppma_author":[1403],"class_list":["post-3971","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-analize","tag-kosovo"],"authors":[{"term_id":1403,"user_id":511,"is_guest":0,"slug":"shpetim-selmani","display_name":"Shp\u00ebtim Selmani","avatar_url":{"url":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/shpetim-selmani.jpg","url2x":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/shpetim-selmani.jpg"},"user_url":"","last_name":"Selmani","first_name":"Shp\u00ebtim","description":"Shp\u00ebtim Selmani \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb shkrimtar dhe aktor kosovar. Ka studiuar n\u00eb Universitetin e Prishtin\u00ebs. Ai ka luajtur n\u00eb sken\u00eb brenda dhe jasht\u00eb vendit."}],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/sr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3971","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/sr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/sr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/sr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/511"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/sr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3971"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/sr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3971\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":8800,"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/sr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3971\/revisions\/8800"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/sr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/8799"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/sr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3971"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/sr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=3971"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/sr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=3971"},{"taxonomy":"author","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/sr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/ppma_author?post=3971"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}