{"id":422,"date":"2015-08-17T09:00:03","date_gmt":"2015-08-17T09:00:03","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/?p=422"},"modified":"2024-12-19T14:55:16","modified_gmt":"2024-12-19T12:55:16","slug":"sekuritizimi-pasoje-e-pamenduar","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/sr\/analize\/sekuritizimi-pasoje-e-pamenduar\/","title":{"rendered":"Sekuritizimi, pasoj\u00eb e (pa)menduar"},"content":{"rendered":"

Nuk ka dilem\u00eb se Kosov\u00ebs dhe shoq\u00ebris\u00eb s\u00eb saj i kanosen k\u00ebrc\u00ebnime t\u00eb siguris\u00eb nga m\u00eb t\u00eb ndryshmet. K\u00ebtu, kryesisht mendoj n\u00eb k\u00ebrc\u00ebnime t\u00eb karakterit jo-konvencional, q\u00eb derivojn\u00eb si rezultat i sfidave politike e ekonomike (pra, jo ushtarake). Megjithat\u00eb, n\u00eb diskursin publik t\u00eb Kosov\u00ebs, nj\u00eb nd\u00ebr k\u00ebrc\u00ebnimet m\u00eb t\u00eb m\u00ebdha paraqitet t\u00eb jet\u00eb i ashtuquajturi shtet islamik \u2013 ISIS, organizat\u00eb kjo e shpallur terroriste nga e gjith\u00eb bota demokratike. N\u00eb zhargonin politik e t\u00eb siguris\u00eb, k\u00ebrc\u00ebnimet e k\u00ebtij karakteri njihen si ekstremiz\u00ebm i dhunsh\u00ebm q\u00eb shpie n\u00eb terroriz\u00ebm. N\u00eb rastin e Kosov\u00ebs, me t\u00eb drejt\u00eb ekziston dikotomia ISIS-ekstremizmi i dhunsh\u00ebm fetar sepse nj\u00eb num\u00ebr i kosovarve tashm\u00eb i \u00ebsht\u00eb bashkangjitur k\u00ebsaj organizate.<\/span><\/p>\n

N\u00eb fakt, kur t\u00eb b\u00ebjm\u00eb vler\u00ebsimin e k\u00ebrc\u00ebnimeve dhe rreziqeve, ekstremizmi i dhunsh\u00ebm fetar n\u00eb Kosov\u00eb reflekton potencial p\u00ebr p\u00ebrdorim t\u00eb dhun\u00ebs\/forc\u00ebs si mjet p\u00ebr arritjen e q\u00ebllimeve. Mir\u00ebpo, diskursi publik n\u00eb Kosov\u00eb g\u00ebrsh\u00ebton informacione, huti dhe panik t\u00eb cilat plot\u00ebsojn\u00eb mozaikun e kategorizimit t\u00eb tij si k\u00ebrc\u00ebnim t\u00eb nivelit t\u00eb lart\u00eb n\u00eb Kosov\u00eb, me p\u00ebrmasa t\u00eb luft\u00ebs. Dhe ky mozaik vazhdon t\u00eb servohet deri n\u00eb at\u00eb mas\u00eb sa q\u00eb i t\u00ebr\u00eb fokusi i shoq\u00ebris\u00eb kosovare konstruktohet n\u00eb nj\u00eb dilem\u00eb t\u00eb siguris\u00eb e cila mbase nuk hyn n\u00eb rradh\u00ebt e problemeve primare q\u00eb kemi. Shtrohet pyetja: a ka rrezik nga ekstremizmi i dhunsh\u00ebm fetar n\u00eb Kosov\u00eb? P\u00ebrgjigja \u00ebsht\u00eb po. A \u00ebsht\u00eb ky rrezik i nivelit t\u00eb lart\u00eb? P\u00ebrgjigja \u00ebsht\u00eb thjesht jo.<\/span><\/p>\n

Nuk ka indikacione p\u00ebr sulme terroriste sepse q\u00ebllimi i ISIS \u00ebsht\u00eb potencialisht t\u00eb sulmoj\u00eb shtetet me ndikim n\u00eb marr\u00ebdh\u00ebniet nd\u00ebrkomb\u00ebtare (mendoj n\u00eb ato per\u00ebndimore); Kosova shihet m\u00eb shum\u00eb si baz\u00eb rekrutuese e tyre se sa cak; pavar\u00ebsisht numrit t\u00eb madh t\u00eb qytetar\u00ebve tan\u00eb atje (sipas raporti t\u00eb QKSS mbi 230 kan\u00eb shkuar q\u00eb nga vitit 2012 deri n\u00eb prill 2015) jo t\u00eb gjith\u00eb p\u00ebrfshihen n\u00eb aktivitete ushtarake dhe si rrjedhoj\u00eb jo t\u00eb gjith\u00eb kan\u00eb p\u00ebrgatitje profesionale p\u00ebr kryerjen e aksioneve. Nivelit t\u00eb ul\u00ebt deri t\u00eb mes\u00ebm t\u00eb rrezikut t\u00eb siguris\u00eb nga k\u00ebto grupe vler\u00ebsohen n\u00eb baz\u00eb t\u00eb indicjeve n\u00eb t\u00eb cilat veprimet e mundshme individuale apo t\u00eb paorganizuara t\u00eb disa qytetar\u00ebve mund t\u00eb p\u00ebrfundonin n\u00eb veprime t\u00eb dhunshme me q\u00ebllim shkaktimin e frik\u00ebs n\u00eb Kosov\u00eb. Pra, nuk vler\u00ebsohen mund\u00ebsi t\u00eb aksioneve diverzante, sulme ndaj institucioneve t\u00eb r\u00ebnd\u00ebsis\u00eb s\u00eb ve\u00e7ant\u00eb apo organizim p\u00ebr vrasje n\u00eb mas\u00eb.<\/span><\/p>\n

N\u00eb fakt, p\u00ebr t\u00eb konkluduar nivelin e rrezikshm\u00ebris\u00eb nga ekstremizmi i dhunsh\u00ebm i thirrur n\u00eb islam, fillimisht duhet t\u00eb i kategorizojm\u00eb shtresat e shoq\u00ebris\u00eb kosovare t\u00eb cilat praktikojn\u00eb islamin: a.) shumica sekulare e cila \u00ebsht\u00eb muslimane mir\u00ebpo nuk e praktikon fen\u00eb n\u00eb baza t\u00eb rregullta apo fare nuk e praktikon, b.) pjesa q\u00eb praktikon islamin sipas riteve tradicionale; c.) shtresa q\u00eb ka filluar s\u00eb praktikuari islamin q\u00eb nga paslufta si rrjedhoj\u00eb e transmetimit t\u00eb nj\u00eb rryme tjet\u00ebr (e njohur si shkoll\u00eb konzervative) si dhe d.) pjesa e fundit, shum\u00eb m\u00eb e vog\u00ebl n\u00eb num\u00ebr, e cila thirret n\u00eb praktikimin e islamit i cili p\u00ebrv\u00eb\u00e7 q\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb tejet konzervativ, ka n\u00eb agjend\u00eb p\u00ebrdorimin e dhun\u00ebs si mjet (e njohur si shtresa e Tekfirizmit). N\u00eb aspektin e siguris\u00eb, duhet trajtuar shtresa e fundit e cila realisht ka proklamuar p\u00ebrdorim t\u00eb dhun\u00ebs dhe individ\u00eb t\u00eb saj tashm\u00eb ose jan\u00eb n\u00eb ISIS ose veprojn\u00eb n\u00eb Kosov\u00eb. Shtresa konzervative, jo domosdoshm\u00ebrisht p\u00ebrb\u00ebn problem p\u00ebr sigurin\u00eb edhe pse, nga k\u00ebndi sekular, mund t\u00eb p\u00ebrb\u00ebj\u00eb penges\u00eb p\u00ebr rendin shoq\u00ebror. Edhe kjo shtres\u00eb mund t\u00eb trajtohet n\u00ebse ka disponim popullor \u2013 kuptohet n\u00eb linj\u00eb me lirit\u00eb fetare \u2013 por jo me mjete t\u00eb siguris\u00eb.<\/span><\/p>\n

N\u00ebse i kthehemi diskursit publik, ka nj\u00eb shp\u00ebrputhje n\u00eb mes t\u00eb asaj \u00e7ka servohet tek qytetar\u00ebt dhe rrezikut real t\u00eb siguris\u00eb. Kjo gjendje ngjan\u00eb me nj\u00eb konstruksion t\u00eb njohur si sekuritizim (securitization) \u2013 teori kjo e aplikuar n\u00eb marr\u00ebdh\u00ebnie nd\u00ebrkomb\u00ebtare nga shkenctari Ole \u00cbeaver.<\/span><\/p>\n

Sipas \u00cbeaver, \u201csekuritizimi krijohet at\u00ebher\u00eb kur akter\u00eb t\u00eb caktuar politik apo jo-politik fusin n\u00eb diskurs publik nj\u00eb gjendje alarmante t\u00eb siguris\u00eb duke e betonuar at\u00eb gjendje, ani pse nuk ekziston baz\u00eb p\u00ebr proklamim t\u00eb nivelit t\u00eb till\u00eb t\u00eb rrezikshm\u00ebris\u00eb\u201d.<\/span><\/p>\n

N\u00eb kontekstin e raportimeve drith\u00ebruese p\u00ebr sulme sabotazhi t\u00eb ISIS dhe sulme t\u00eb karakterit t\u00eb lart\u00eb terrorist, si\u00e7 ishte rasti i Liqenit t\u00eb Badovcit, nuk mund t\u00eb definohet tjet\u00ebr p\u00ebrve\u00e7 nj\u00eb gjendje e sekuritizimit. Se kujt i konvenon ky sekuritizim \u00ebsht\u00eb v\u00ebshtir\u00eb t\u00eb identifikohet. Mund t\u00eb jet\u00eb nj\u00eb oportuniz\u00ebm individual p\u00ebr t\u00eb fituar relevanc\u00eb publike dhe tendenc\u00eb p\u00ebr p\u00ebrfitimin e \u201csimpatis\u00eb\u201d nga disa shtete t\u00eb m\u00ebdha. Mund t\u00eb jet\u00eb edhe nj\u00eb pasoj\u00eb e pamenduar. Ajo \u00e7ka \u00ebsht\u00eb m\u00eb me r\u00ebnd\u00ebsi \u00ebsht\u00eb se kemi nj\u00eb gjendje t\u00eb sekuritizimit. Mir\u00ebpo, pasojat e saj jan\u00eb shum\u00eb m\u00eb t\u00eb m\u00ebdha se sa vet niveli i rrezikut. E ky nivel i rrezikut kurr\u00eb nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb zb\u00ebrthyer nga politikb\u00ebr\u00ebsit, e ler\u00eb m\u00eb nga mediat.<\/span><\/p>\n

Mos t\u00eb harrojm\u00eb se me k\u00ebt\u00eb diskurs t\u00eb pabazuar n\u00eb vler\u00ebsim t\u00eb rrezikut, po ia b\u00ebjm\u00eb nj\u00eb sh\u00ebrbim t\u00eb madh qarqeve anti-Kosov\u00eb t\u00eb cilat e p\u00ebrdorin k\u00ebt\u00eb argument n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00ebn m\u00eb t\u00eb mir\u00eb t\u00eb mundshme. P\u00ebr ta thjesht\u00ebzuar, pompoziteti i dh\u00ebn\u00eb si rezultat i frik\u00ebs s\u00eb helmimit t\u00eb liqenit t\u00eb Badovcit nga ana e pes\u00eb personave \u00ebsht\u00eb sa komik po aq edhe i d\u00ebmsh\u00ebm. \u00cbsht\u00eb i d\u00ebmsh\u00ebm sepse, p.sh, n\u00ebse tentohet t\u00eb futen n\u00eb agjend\u00eb promovimi i \u00e7\u00ebshtjeve m\u00eb madhore si\u00e7 jan\u00eb: investimet e mundshme, liberalizimi i vizave e \u00e7\u00ebshtje t\u00eb tjera, pyetja e par\u00eb q\u00eb do t\u00eb shtronin qarqet nd\u00ebrkomb\u00ebtare sigurisht do t\u00eb jet\u00eb: \u201cA ju \u00ebsht\u00eb helmuar liqeni nga ISIS?\u201d, \u201cA keni marr masa kund\u00ebr ISIS?\u201d e k\u00ebshtu me rradh\u00eb. Me terma t\u00eb siguris\u00eb, t\u00eb gjith\u00eb promovuesit e k\u00ebtyre temave do t\u00eb vendoseshin n\u00eb defanziv\u00eb. Mos t\u00eb flasim p\u00ebr sh\u00ebrbimin q\u00eb po i b\u00ebjm\u00eb vet ISIS t\u00eb cil\u00ebt si nj\u00eb nd\u00ebr objektivat primare kan\u00eb shtrirjen e panikut dhe frik\u00ebs tek popujt. Sh\u00ebrbimi q\u00eb i b\u00ebhet k\u00ebtyre formacioneve terroriste sigurisht se k\u00ebrkon trajtim dhe vler\u00ebsim t\u00eb ve\u00e7ant\u00eb.<\/span><\/p>\n

Me fjal\u00eb t\u00eb tjera, n\u00eb asnj\u00eb moment nuk duhet relativizuar rreziku i ekstremizimt t\u00eb dhunsh\u00ebm i thirrurr n\u00eb islam. Madje jam promovues i madh i ngritjes s\u00eb gatishm\u00ebris\u00eb parandaluese t\u00eb organeve t\u00eb siguris\u00eb (dhe larg syve t\u00eb mediave) si dhe pun\u00ebs intensive n\u00eb terren n\u00eb funksion t\u00eb de-radikalizmit dhe parandalimit. Megjithat\u00eb, \u00ebsht\u00eb v\u00ebshtir\u00eb t\u00eb kap\u00ebrdihet manipulimi popullor i konstruktuar deri n\u00eb nivele t\u00eb sekuritizimit, i cili realisht n\u00ebnvizon me pompozitet k\u00ebrc\u00ebnim t\u00eb nivelit t\u00eb atill\u00eb i cili nuk ekziston. Se kujt i sh\u00ebrben\u00eb kjo gjendje mbetet t\u00eb shihet.<\/span><\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Nuk ka dilem\u00eb se Kosov\u00ebs dhe shoq\u00ebris\u00eb s\u00eb saj i kanosen k\u00ebrc\u00ebnime t\u00eb siguris\u00eb nga m\u00eb t\u00eb ndryshmet. K\u00ebtu, kryesisht mendoj n\u00eb k\u00ebrc\u00ebnime t\u00eb karakterit jo-konvencional, q\u00eb derivojn\u00eb si rezultat i sfidave politike e ekonomike (pra, jo ushtarake). Megjithat\u00eb, n\u00eb diskursin publik t\u00eb Kosov\u00ebs, nj\u00eb nd\u00ebr k\u00ebrc\u00ebnimet m\u00eb t\u00eb m\u00ebdha paraqitet t\u00eb jet\u00eb i ashtuquajturi […]<\/p>","protected":false},"author":525,"featured_media":11401,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[13],"tags":[2127,972],"ppma_author":[1694],"class_list":["post-422","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-analize","tag-ekstremizmi-i-dhunshem","tag-kosove"],"authors":[{"term_id":1694,"user_id":525,"is_guest":0,"slug":"florian-qehaja","display_name":"Florian Qehaja","avatar_url":{"url":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/florian.jpg","url2x":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/florian.jpg"},"user_url":"","last_name":"Qehaja","first_name":"Florian","description":"Florian Qehaja \u00ebsht\u00eb Ambasadori i Republik\u00ebs s\u00eb Kosov\u00ebs n\u00eb Republik\u00ebn e Maqedonis\u00eb s\u00eb Veriut."}],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/sr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/422","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/sr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/sr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/sr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/525"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/sr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=422"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/sr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/422\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":443,"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/sr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/422\/revisions\/443"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/sr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/11401"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/sr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=422"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/sr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=422"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/sr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=422"},{"taxonomy":"author","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/sr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/ppma_author?post=422"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}