{"id":4385,"date":"2015-09-06T14:24:39","date_gmt":"2015-09-06T12:24:39","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/?p=4385"},"modified":"2025-01-08T14:25:55","modified_gmt":"2025-01-08T12:25:55","slug":"mbi-pafundesine-dhe-perftueshmerine-1","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/sr\/kritike\/mbi-pafundesine-dhe-perftueshmerine-1\/","title":{"rendered":"Mbi pafund\u00ebsin\u00eb dhe p\u00ebrftueshm\u00ebrin\u00eb (1)"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"news-up\">\n<h3><\/h3>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"news-down\">\n<div class=\"news-left\">\n<p><strong>Adorno<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><em>Gjith\u00eb vuajtja, mjerimi, dhuna, t\u00eb cilat njer\u00ebzit ua kan\u00eb shkaktuar njer\u00ebzve, kan\u00eb qen\u00eb gjithnj\u00eb t\u00eb lidhura me nocionin \u2018e tjetr\u00ebs\u2019 \u2013 hebrenjt\u00eb, zezak\u00ebt, grat\u00eb, azilant\u00ebt, disident\u00ebt, komunist\u00ebt, etj. (Beck, Risikogesellschaft, 7)<\/em><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Strategjia p\u00ebr zhdukjen e hebrenjve n\u00eb Europ\u00eb, q\u00eb u zhvillua p\u00ebrgjaksh\u00ebm gjat\u00eb shum\u00eb shekujve, e q\u00eb ka nj\u00eb prejardhje paramesjetare, u kuror\u00ebzua me Holocaust-in. Ishte kund\u00ebrsemitizmi i modernes, q\u00eb, me ndihm\u00ebn e shkenc\u00ebs dhe armat\u00ebs, ishte shnd\u00ebrruar n\u00eb nj\u00eb kreatur\u00eb vdekjeprur\u00ebse dhe shoi miliona jet\u00eb njer\u00ebzore. Gjenocidi modern u shp\u00ebrfaq si nj\u00eb t\u00ebrbim shkat\u00ebrrues i kontrolluesh\u00ebm, i cili kishte v\u00ebn\u00eb n\u00eb sh\u00ebrbim t\u00eb krimit gjith\u00eb potencialin e tij dituror dhe ushtarak. Njeriu, pra, po e p\u00ebrdorte teknik\u00ebn dhe shkenc\u00ebn p\u00ebr t\u00eb m\u00ebnjanuar \u00e7do heterogjenitet n\u00eb bot\u00ebn e tij. \u00c7do faktor pengues i ideologjis\u00eb s\u00eb tij p\u00ebr nj\u00eb shtet-nj\u00eb-komb-nj\u00eb-kultur\u00eb duhej t\u00eb asgj\u00ebsohej, dhe t\u00eb till\u00eb, pengues, dukeshin hebrenjt\u00eb. Dihotomia rregulli-kaosi p\u00ebrmes pretekstit \u2018jude\u2019 ve\u00e7 kishte siguruar arsyetimin, asimetrin\u00eb mes rojtar\u00ebve dhe shkat\u00ebrruesve t\u00eb rregullit, harmonis\u00eb. Diktatura e krijuar, e cila m\u00eb von\u00eb \u2018tjetrit\u2019 ia mohonte t\u00eb drejt\u00ebn p\u00ebr t\u00eb jetuar, tregoi se \u2018jude\u2019 mund t\u00eb ishin gjith\u00eb t\u00eb tjer\u00ebt. Polak\u00ebt, francez\u00ebt, britanik\u00ebt, rus\u00ebt, t\u00eb gjith\u00eb q\u00eb kishin luftuar kund\u00ebr diktatur\u00ebs naziste, ishin armiq, dhe me k\u00ebt\u00eb nj\u00ebkoh\u00ebsisht shiheshin si shkat\u00ebrrues t\u00eb vizioneve naziste mbi rregullin. N\u00eb sh\u00ebrbim t\u00eb k\u00ebtyre vizioneve, pra p\u00ebr t\u2019i n\u00ebnshtruar, shfryt\u00ebzuar dhe zhb\u00ebr\u00eb t\u00eb tjer\u00ebt, politika kishte instrumentalizuar dhe bashkuar gjith\u00eb energjit\u00eb e dijes, teknik\u00ebs, moralit dhe religjionit. Kjo karakteristik\u00eb: \u00c7rr\u00ebnjosja dhe vrasja masive, barbaria, si opozicion i Rregullit dhe i qytet\u00ebrimit, paraqet an\u00ebn inhumane t\u00eb Modernes, humbjen e kuptimit t\u00eb saj.<\/p>\n<p>Do t\u00eb mund t\u00eb dyshohet se nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb e mundur nj\u00eb ndarje definitive nga modernia, apo, si\u00e7 mendon Habermas-i, se ajo paraqet ende nj\u00eb projekt t\u00eb pap\u00ebrfunduar, por pas Auschwitz-it \u00e7do ide e till\u00eb ka nj\u00eb shije regresioni n\u00eb vete. Tymi q\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb ngritur nga dhomat e gazit t\u00eb Auschwitz-it, \u00ebsht\u00eb argumenti m\u00eb i mir\u00eb kohor se ne patjet\u00ebr duhet \u00a0t\u2019i ndajm\u00eb nj\u00ebher\u00eb e mir\u00eb at\u00eb q\u00eb ka ngjar\u00eb para tij dhe at\u00eb q\u00eb ngjau m\u00eb pas. Numri i vrasjeve q\u00eb kan\u00eb ndodhur n\u00eb 25 vjet\u00ebt e fundit n\u00eb Bosnj\u00eb, Kosov\u00eb, Ruand\u00eb e Bot\u00ebn arabe \u00ebsht\u00eb vet\u00ebm nj\u00eb p\u00ebrs\u00ebritje e p\u00ebraf\u00ebrt e masakrave q\u00eb kan\u00eb b\u00ebr\u00eb nacist\u00ebt gjat\u00eb Holocaust-it. P\u00ebr k\u00ebt\u00eb arsye, krimet e Luft\u00ebs s\u00eb Dyt\u00eb Bot\u00ebrore paraqesin t\u00eb ashtuquajtur\u00ebn ngjarje makrohistorike, q\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb e domosdoshme p\u00ebr nj\u00eb nd\u00ebrrim epoke. \u00cbsht\u00eb k\u00ebshtu, sepse me Holocaust-in ka ndodhur edhe nj\u00eb nd\u00ebrrim n\u00eb psik\u00ebn njer\u00ebzore, sh\u00ebnjuesi i t\u00eb cilit ishte n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb absolute pik\u00ebrisht Auschwitz-i. Paul Celan-i, n\u00eb poezin\u00eb e tij t\u00eb pavdekshme Todesfuge (Celan: Gesammelte Werke. Bd. 1., 42), n\u00eb lidhje me k\u00ebto tmerre ka shkruar: Der Tod ist ein Meister aus Deutschland (Vdekja \u00ebsht\u00eb mjesht\u00ebr nga Gjermania). Nd\u00ebrsa autori i vargut q\u00eb thot\u00eb se pas Auschwitz-it \u00ebsht\u00eb barbare t\u00eb shkruash ende lirik\u00eb, Adorno, n\u00eb librin e tij Negative Dialektik (Adorno, Theodor W.: Gesammelte Werke. Bd. 6. Negative Dialektik. Wissenschaftliche Buchgesellschaft, Darmstadt 1998. fq. 354) thot\u00eb:<\/p>\n<p>Termeti i Lisbon\u00ebs kishte arrit\u00eb t\u00eb sh\u00ebronte Voltaire-in nga Theodizee-ja e Leibnitz-it, dhe katastrofa e kapshme e natyr\u00ebs s\u00eb par\u00eb n\u00eb krahasim me t\u00eb dyt\u00ebn, shoq\u00ebroren, q\u00eb i largohet imagjinat\u00ebs njer\u00ebzore, duke p\u00ebrgatitur nga e keqja e njeriut ferrin real, ishte m\u00eb e vog\u00ebl.<\/p>\n<p>M\u00eb von\u00eb, i ndikuar nga poezia e Celan-it, Adorno e kishte kthyer edhe nj\u00eb her\u00eb n\u00eb mendje vargun mbi barbarin\u00eb e t\u00eb shkruarit lirik, q\u00eb e kishte shkruar dikur dhe n\u00eb vepr\u00ebn e tij Notizen zu Literatur shprehet:<\/p>\n<p>Vargun q\u00eb thot\u00eb se pas Auschwitz-it \u00ebsht\u00eb barbare t\u00eb shkruhet lirik\u00eb, nuk dua ta zbus: negative n\u00eb t\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb vet\u00ebm impulsi q\u00eb i jep shpirt let\u00ebrsis\u00eb s\u00eb angazhuar. Pyetja e nj\u00eb figure nga \u2018Morts sans s\u00e9pulture\u2019 se \u2018A ka kuptim t\u00eb jetohet kur ka njer\u00ebz q\u00eb t\u00eb godasin derisa t\u00eb t\u00eb jen\u00eb thyer eshtrat e trupit?\u2019 \u00ebsht\u00eb po ashtu edhe pyetja n\u00ebse arti thjesht duhet t\u00eb ekzistoj\u00eb? Mos vall\u00eb regresioni shpirt\u00ebror n\u00eb kuptim t\u00eb let\u00ebrsis\u00eb s\u00eb angazhuar po ndodh si rezultat i vet\u00eb regresionit t\u00eb shoq\u00ebris\u00eb? [&#8230;] St\u00ebrmasa e vuajtjes nuk duron harrimin. (Adorno: Poaty, Bd. 11, 422)<\/p>\n<p>Nd\u00ebrsa rreth negativitetit absolut ai thot\u00eb se Auschwitz-i q\u00ebndron p\u00ebrball\u00eb \u00e7do pozitiviteti t\u00eb t\u00eb menduarit, dhe se ky pozitivitet ngjan n\u00eb nj\u00eb padrejt\u00ebsi q\u00eb u b\u00ebhet viktimave t\u00eb tij. Nj\u00eb pozitivitet i till\u00eb, sipas Adornos, \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb tendenc\u00eb afirmative q\u00eb mb\u00ebshtetet n\u00eb kuptimin imanent t\u00eb k\u00ebtij konstruksioni ideologjik, i cili i kontribuon negativitetit absolut duke mund\u00ebsuar q\u00eb ai t\u00eb b\u00ebhet nj\u00eb princip real deri n\u00eb vet\u00ebshkat\u00ebrrimin e shoq\u00ebris\u00eb.<\/p>\n<p>Me vrasjen e miliona njer\u00ebzve nga administrata, vdekja \u00ebsht\u00eb b\u00ebr\u00eb di\u00e7ka q\u00eb s\u2019ka qen\u00eb kurr\u00eb. [&#8230;] Individi shpron\u00ebsohet nga gj\u00ebrat e tij fundit t\u00eb varf\u00ebris\u00eb s\u00eb tij. Ngaq\u00eb n\u00eb kampet e p\u00ebrq\u00ebndrimit nuk ka vdekur individi, por ekzemplari, duhet t\u00eb num\u00ebrohet edhe vdekja e atyre q\u00eb i ik\u00ebn asaj. Gjenocidi \u00ebsht\u00eb integrimi absolut, q\u00eb p\u00ebrgatitet gjithkund ku asgj\u00ebsohen njer\u00ebzit [&#8230;] Auschwitz-i v\u00ebrteton th\u00ebnien filozofike p\u00ebr identitetin m\u00eb t\u00eb past\u00ebr se vdekja. (ND, 355)<\/p>\n<p>N\u00eb librin e tij Teoria estetike, Adorno shprehet p\u00ebrfundimisht rreth domosdos\u00eb s\u00eb nj\u00eb kuptimi te ri t\u00eb let\u00ebrsis\u00eb dhe artit n\u00eb t\u00eb gjitha periudhat e historis\u00eb s\u00eb zhvillimit njer\u00ebzor, mu p\u00ebr faktin se Vuajtja, sipas tij, paraqet faktorin kuptimdh\u00ebn\u00ebs: Tevona, \u00e7ka do t\u00eb ishte arti si historiografi, po t\u00eb shkundte nga vetvetja kujtes\u00ebn e vuajtjes s\u00eb akumuluar?, pyet Adorno-ja \u00a0dhe angazhohet p\u00ebr nj\u00eb liri t\u00eb krijimtaris\u00eb artistike, e cila do t\u00eb zhvillohej mbi themelet e nj\u00eb lirie pa kushte.<\/p>\n<p>T\u00eb dy luft\u00ebrat bot\u00ebrore, por dhe luft\u00ebrat regjionale m\u00eb von\u00eb, kan\u00eb v\u00ebrtetuar se Arsyeja e modernes \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb arsye totalitariste. Ajo na ka m\u00ebsuar se ekzistenca e njeriut \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb prani e kufizuar e gjeneratave njer\u00ebzore, t\u00eb cilat kan\u00eb t\u00eb drejt\u00eb p\u00ebr p\u00ebrparim dhe zhvillim origjinal. Jo p\u00ebrkryerja, apo th\u00ebn\u00eb m\u00eb mir\u00eb parimi i saj, por e pap\u00ebrkryera duhet t\u00eb d\u00ebshmoj\u00eb p\u00ebr kufizueshm\u00ebrin\u00eb e ekzistenc\u00ebs njer\u00ebzore, duke na ruajtur ne me k\u00ebt\u00eb akt nga ideja p\u00ebr p\u00ebrkryerje e modernes. N\u00eb zhvillimin dhe nd\u00ebrtimin e bot\u00ebs ne duhet po ashtu t\u00eb jemi ne gjendje t\u00eb l\u00ebm\u00eb pa prekur edhe gj\u00ebra apo hap\u00ebsira t\u00eb lira e t\u00eb pap\u00ebrkryera, n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb q\u00eb t\u00eb d\u00ebshmojm\u00eb kufizueshm\u00ebrin\u00eb ton\u00eb n\u00eb koh\u00eb dhe hap\u00ebsir\u00eb.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Autori \u00ebsht\u00eb ligj\u00ebrues i Let\u00ebrsis\u00eb se re gjermane n\u00eb Universitetin e Dortmundit<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"news-right\">\n<div class=\"post\">\n<p class=\"author\">\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Adorno Gjith\u00eb vuajtja, mjerimi, dhuna, t\u00eb cilat njer\u00ebzit ua kan\u00eb shkaktuar njer\u00ebzve, kan\u00eb qen\u00eb gjithnj\u00eb t\u00eb lidhura me nocionin \u2018e tjetr\u00ebs\u2019 \u2013 hebrenjt\u00eb, zezak\u00ebt, grat\u00eb, azilant\u00ebt, disident\u00ebt, komunist\u00ebt, etj. (Beck, Risikogesellschaft, 7) &nbsp; Strategjia p\u00ebr zhdukjen e hebrenjve n\u00eb Europ\u00eb, q\u00eb u zhvillua p\u00ebrgjaksh\u00ebm gjat\u00eb shum\u00eb shekujve, e q\u00eb ka nj\u00eb prejardhje paramesjetare, u kuror\u00ebzua [&hellip;]<\/p>","protected":false},"author":572,"featured_media":11689,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[14],"tags":[1786,1322],"ppma_author":[2208],"class_list":["post-4385","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-kritike","tag-filozofia","tag-kritike"],"authors":[{"term_id":2208,"user_id":572,"is_guest":0,"slug":"arsim-rexhepi","display_name":"Arsim Rexhepi","avatar_url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/3c7293c9e289861bc903dde816e633e0ae3cf5f5527b7eeffc4d6ecae16be6c9?s=96&d=mm&r=g","user_url":"","last_name":"Rexhepi","first_name":"Arsim","description":""}],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/sr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4385","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/sr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/sr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/sr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/572"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/sr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=4385"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/sr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4385\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":11708,"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/sr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4385\/revisions\/11708"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/sr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/11689"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/sr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=4385"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/sr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=4385"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/sr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=4385"},{"taxonomy":"author","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/sr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/ppma_author?post=4385"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}