{"id":4418,"date":"2021-10-12T10:29:33","date_gmt":"2021-10-12T08:29:33","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/?p=4418"},"modified":"2024-11-12T15:23:00","modified_gmt":"2024-11-12T13:23:00","slug":"open-balkan-efektet-ekonomike-2","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/sr\/opinion\/open-balkan-efektet-ekonomike-2\/","title":{"rendered":"Open Balkan – efektet ekonomike"},"content":{"rendered":"
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Iniciativa Open Balkan q\u00eb nga fillimi ka qen\u00eb e pak\u00ebshillueshme, mir\u00ebpo ngjarjet e koh\u00ebve t\u00eb fundit e kan\u00eb b\u00ebr\u00eb at\u00eb t\u00eb paq\u00ebndrueshme. Politikisht, agresiviteti i Serbis\u00eb ndaj Kosov\u00ebs n\u00eb lidhje me reciprocitetin e targave dhe zbulimi haptas se rruga p\u00ebr n\u00eb BE nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb e premtuar p\u00ebr Ballkanin, e b\u00ebjn\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb iniciativ\u00eb t\u00eb paarsyeshme. M\u00eb posht\u00eb do t\u2019i shohim s\u00eb pari arsyet ekonomike pse Open Balkan duhet t\u00eb braktiset.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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Struktura ekonomike e pjes\u00ebmarr\u00ebsve<\/strong><\/p>\n

T\u00eb dh\u00ebnat m\u00eb posht\u00eb tregojn\u00eb dallimet mes tri shteteve q\u00eb deri tash e kan\u00eb promovuar iniciativ\u00ebn. P\u00ebr t\u00eb marr\u00eb pjes\u00eb nj\u00eb union t\u00eb till\u00eb ekonomik dhe p\u00ebr t\u2019i g\u00ebzuar beneficionet e tij, nj\u00eb shtet duhet t\u00eb ket\u00eb industri t\u00eb zhvilluar. Industria si p\u00ebrqindje e BPV-s\u00eb (GDP) (duke p\u00ebrfshir\u00eb nd\u00ebrtimtarin\u00eb) q\u00ebndron k\u00ebshtu: Shqip\u00ebria 19%, Maqedonia Veriore 22.6%, Serbia 24.8%. Qartazi shihet se Shqip\u00ebria dhe Maqedonia Veriore kan\u00eb nivel m\u00eb t\u00eb ul\u00ebt t\u00eb industrializimit se Serbia, edhe n\u00ebse p\u00ebrfshihet nd\u00ebrtimtaria n\u00eb kalkulime.<\/p>\n

Sipas kalkulimeve t\u00eb tjera, gjendja krahasimore paraqitet edhe m\u00eb e r\u00ebnd\u00eb. Shqip\u00ebria ka BPV (GDP) me p\u00ebrb\u00ebrje: 21.7% bujq\u00ebsi, 24.2% industri dhe 54.1% sh\u00ebrbime. Maqedonia Veriore ka BPV (GDP) me p\u00ebrb\u00ebrje: 10.9% nga bujq\u00ebsia, 26.6% nga industria dhe 62.5% nga sh\u00ebrbimet. Serbia ka BPV (GDP) me p\u00ebrb\u00ebrje: 9.8% bujq\u00ebsi, 41.1% industri dhe 49.1% sh\u00ebrbime. P\u00ebr krahasim, Kosova ka BPV (GDP) me p\u00ebrb\u00ebrje: 11.9% nga bujq\u00ebsia, 17.7% nga industria, dhe 70.4% nga sh\u00ebrbimet. Nga k\u00ebto t\u00eb dh\u00ebna shihet qart\u00eb se nj\u00eb union si Open Balkan do t\u00eb dominohet brengossh\u00ebm nga industria e Serbis\u00eb, kurse niveli i lart\u00eb i pjes\u00ebmarrjes s\u00eb bujq\u00ebsis\u00eb n\u00eb ekonomi, sidomos n\u00eb Shqip\u00ebri, e b\u00ebn pjes\u00ebmarrjen e saj n\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb union tejet joatraktive.<\/p>\n

K\u00ebt\u00eb gj\u00eb e ritheksojn\u00eb edhe shifrat e pun\u00ebsimit. Pun\u00ebsimi n\u00eb bujq\u00ebsi si p\u00ebrqindje e pun\u00ebsimit total q\u00ebndron k\u00ebshtu: Shqip\u00ebria 36.42%, Maqedonia Veriore 13.92%, Serbia 15.61%. Shqip\u00ebria \u00ebsht\u00eb brengossh\u00ebm e varur nga bujq\u00ebsia dhe unioni Open Balkan do ta fuste Shqip\u00ebrin\u00eb n\u00eb marr\u00ebdh\u00ebnie var\u00ebsie nga Serbia me pasoja t\u00eb r\u00ebnda zhvillimore.<\/p>\n

Terren i prodhuesve t\u00eb Serbis\u00eb<\/strong><\/p>\n

Shifrat e tjera jan\u00eb edhe m\u00eb brengos\u00ebse dhe japin m\u00eb shum\u00eb arsye p\u00ebr alarm. Manufaktura si p\u00ebrqindje e BPV-s\u00eb (GDP) q\u00ebndron k\u00ebshtu: Shqip\u00ebria 6%, Maqedonia Veriore 13%, Serbia 14%. Si\u00e7 shihet, Serbia ka sektor t\u00eb prodhimit mbi dy her\u00eb m\u00eb t\u00eb madh sesa Shqip\u00ebria, gj\u00eb q\u00eb ia mund\u00ebson leht\u00eb ta mbuloj\u00eb tregun shqiptar me produkte t\u00eb Serbis\u00eb. Dob\u00ebsia e k\u00ebtij sektori u pa edhe pas vendosjes s\u00eb tarif\u00ebs 100% ndaj Serbis\u00eb n\u00eb Kosov\u00eb, ku as industria e Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb, as ajo e Kosov\u00ebs, nuk ishin n\u00eb gjendje t’i z\u00ebvend\u00ebsojn\u00eb sa duhet produktet serbe dhe ishin shtetet e treta ato q\u00eb p\u00ebrfituan m\u00eb shum\u00eb nga ajo situat\u00eb. K\u00ebtu duhet ta t\u00ebrheqim v\u00ebmendjen te marr\u00ebveshjet tregtare e ekonomike t\u00eb Serbis\u00eb me Rusin\u00eb dhe Unionin Euraziatik, dhe mund\u00ebsin\u00eb reale t\u00eb penetrimit jo t\u00eb sh\u00ebndetsh\u00ebm rus n\u00eb ekonomin\u00eb e Open Balkan-it.<\/p>\n

Po ashtu shifra t\u00eb k\u00ebqija gjejm\u00eb te niveli i eksportit. Eksporti i mallrave dhe sh\u00ebrbimeve si p\u00ebrqindje e BPV-s\u00eb (GDP) \u00ebsht\u00eb k\u00ebshtu: Shqip\u00ebria 23.25%, Maqedonia Veriore 58.1%, Serbia 48%. P\u00ebrs\u00ebri shohim se Serbia ka nivel eksporti mbi dy her\u00eb m\u00eb t\u00eb lart\u00eb se Shqip\u00ebria, q\u00eb nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb ogur i mir\u00eb p\u00ebr pjes\u00ebmarrjen e Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb n\u00eb nj\u00eb union ekonomik me Serbin\u00eb.<\/p>\n

Bag\u00ebti, bujq\u00ebsi e pabarazi<\/strong><\/p>\n

Ky union do ta forconte edhe m\u00eb shum\u00eb specializimin e Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb n\u00eb bujq\u00ebsi, duke e b\u00ebr\u00eb tep\u00ebr t\u00eb v\u00ebshtir\u00eb kalimin n\u00eb nj\u00eb ekonomi t\u00eb industrializuar dhe t\u00eb zhvilluar. Efekti do t\u00eb jet\u00eb i ngjash\u00ebm edhe n\u00eb zonat shqiptare n\u00eb Maqedonin\u00eb e Veriut, por edhe n\u00eb Preshev\u00eb, ku dihet se nivelet e zhvillimit dhe industrializimit jan\u00eb shum\u00eb t\u00eb vogla. Kjo do t\u00eb ket\u00eb ndikim direkt n\u00eb rritjen e pabarazis\u00eb mes komuniteteve dhe do t\u00eb ndikoj\u00eb edhe n\u00eb rritjen e mosbesimit e konfliktit etnik.<\/p>\n

Pabarazia \u00ebsht\u00eb problem edhe n\u00eb Shqip\u00ebri, ku shifrat tregojn\u00eb se dallimi mes Tiran\u00ebs dhe rretheve po rritet, s\u00eb bashku me dallimin mes zonave bregdetare me ato t\u00eb brendshme, dhe Open Balkan-i vet\u00ebm se do t\u00eb ndikoj\u00eb n\u00eb p\u00ebrshpejtimin e rritjes s\u00eb pabarazis\u00eb. N\u00eb shum\u00eb indikator\u00eb ekonomik\u00eb Kosova q\u00ebndron edhe m\u00eb keq, prandaj ky union nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb fare atraktiv p\u00ebr Kosov\u00ebn.<\/p>\n

Papun\u00ebsia dhe kriminaliteti<\/strong><\/p>\n

Kjo do t\u00eb ket\u00eb pasoja edhe n\u00eb fusha tjera si kriminaliteti, kur dihet se \u00ebsht\u00eb pik\u00ebrisht specializimi n\u00eb bujq\u00ebsi ai q\u00eb nxit kultivimin e kanabisit, nj\u00eb nga kulturat bujq\u00ebsore m\u00eb fitimprur\u00ebse. Gjithashtu, mungesa e mund\u00ebsive p\u00ebr pun\u00eb dhe pamund\u00ebsia e mbijetes\u00ebs me bujq\u00ebsi, sidomos n\u00eb zona rurale, do t\u2019i shtyj\u00eb shum\u00eb t\u00eb rinj t\u00eb futen n\u00eb kriminalitet. Kjo n\u00eb nj\u00eb faz\u00eb tep\u00ebr sensitive kur ka t\u00eb dh\u00ebna se po zgjerohen n\u00eb Evrop\u00eb kartelet latino-amerikane t\u00eb drog\u00ebs, duke p\u00ebrfshir\u00eb Shqip\u00ebrin\u00eb.<\/p>\n

Nj\u00eb zon\u00eb e lir\u00eb transporti pa pengesa nga portet e Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb deri n\u00eb kufi me Hungarin\u00eb, e cila \u00ebsht\u00eb jasht\u00eb mbik\u00ebqyrjes s\u00eb forcave t\u00eb rendit t\u00eb BE-s\u00eb, do t\u00eb jet\u00eb tejet atraktive p\u00ebr k\u00ebto rrjete kriminale. Mund\u00ebsia tjet\u00ebr p\u00ebr t\u00eb mbijetuar p\u00ebr t\u00eb rinjt\u00eb e papun\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb migrimi dhe kjo gj\u00eb paraqet problem t\u00eb madh p\u00ebr Shqip\u00ebrin\u00eb dhe Maqedonin\u00eb Veriore, q\u00eb tashm\u00eb po vuajn\u00eb nga nivele t\u00eb larta t\u00eb depopullimit. Efekte t\u00eb ngjashme me k\u00ebto t\u00eb listuara m\u00eb lart\u00eb u pan\u00eb n\u00eb Meksik\u00eb, pas futjes s\u00eb saj n\u00eb nj\u00eb zon\u00eb t\u00eb till\u00eb ekonomike pa qen\u00eb e p\u00ebrgatitur ekonomikisht.<\/p>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Iniciativa Open Balkan q\u00eb nga fillimi ka qen\u00eb e pak\u00ebshillueshme, mir\u00ebpo ngjarjet e koh\u00ebve t\u00eb fundit e kan\u00eb b\u00ebr\u00eb at\u00eb t\u00eb paq\u00ebndrueshme. Politikisht, agresiviteti i Serbis\u00eb ndaj Kosov\u00ebs n\u00eb lidhje me reciprocitetin e targave dhe zbulimi haptas se rruga p\u00ebr n\u00eb BE nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb e premtuar p\u00ebr Ballkanin, e b\u00ebjn\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb iniciativ\u00eb t\u00eb paarsyeshme. M\u00eb […]<\/p>","protected":false},"author":19,"featured_media":9690,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[9],"tags":[691,641],"ppma_author":[29],"class_list":["post-4418","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-opinion","tag-economy","tag-open-balkan"],"authors":[{"term_id":29,"user_id":19,"is_guest":0,"slug":"seb-bytyci","display_name":"Seb Byty\u00e7i","avatar_url":{"url":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/1668771566235.jpg","url2x":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/1668771566235.jpg"},"user_url":"","last_name":"Byty\u00e7i","first_name":"Seb","description":"Dr. Seb Bytyci ka p\u00ebrvoj\u00eb udh\u00ebheq\u00ebse n\u00eb hulumtim shkencor dhe m\u00ebsimdh\u00ebnie p\u00ebr m\u00eb shum\u00eb se dy dekada, p\u00ebrfshir\u00eb angazhime me University of London\/LSE, University of York, University of Winchester, William College, IPOL Institute, si dhe Police Federation of England and Wales. Ai ka qen\u00eb gjithashtu i p\u00ebrfshir\u00eb n\u00eb avokim praktik dhe ka bashk\u00ebpunuar me organizata nd\u00ebrkomb\u00ebtare si OKB, UNDP dhe OSBE.\r\n\r\nSeb ka doktoratur\u00eb (PhD) nga University of York; nj\u00eb Master n\u00eb Administrat\u00eb Publike (MPA) n\u00eb Analiz\u00eb Politikash dhe \u00c7\u00ebshtje Krahasuese & Nd\u00ebrkomb\u00ebtare nga Indiana University (Bloomington), si dhe nj\u00eb MES n\u00eb Integrim Evropian dhe Rajonaliz\u00ebm nga University of Graz\/EIPA\/EURAC.\r\n\r\nHulumtimi i tij i doktoratur\u00ebs \u00ebsht\u00eb fokusuar n\u00eb institucionet n\u00eb vende n\u00eb tranzicion, nd\u00ebrsa fushat e tij t\u00eb interesit p\u00ebrfshijn\u00eb nd\u00ebrtimin e institucioneve efektive dhe lidershipin, \u00e7\u00ebshtjet e BE-s\u00eb dhe marr\u00ebdh\u00ebniet nd\u00ebrkomb\u00ebtare, zgjidhjen e konflikteve, shtetin zhvillimor dhe proceset e transformimit shoq\u00ebror."}],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/sr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4418","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/sr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/sr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/sr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/19"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/sr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=4418"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/sr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4418\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":10073,"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/sr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4418\/revisions\/10073"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/sr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/9690"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/sr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=4418"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/sr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=4418"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/sr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=4418"},{"taxonomy":"author","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/sr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/ppma_author?post=4418"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}