{"id":4479,"date":"2021-08-20T11:10:52","date_gmt":"2021-08-20T09:10:52","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/?p=4479"},"modified":"2025-01-09T11:12:54","modified_gmt":"2025-01-09T09:12:54","slug":"open-balkan-dhe-kornizat-e-bashkepunimit-rajonal","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/sr\/analize\/open-balkan-dhe-kornizat-e-bashkepunimit-rajonal\/","title":{"rendered":"\u201cOpen Balkan\u201d dhe kornizat e bashk\u00ebpunimit rajonal"},"content":{"rendered":"
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Ndryshimi i emrit nga \u201cMini-Schengen\u201d n\u00eb \u201cOpen Balkan\u201d, n\u00ebnshkrimi i tri dokumenteve (p\u00ebr leht\u00ebsimin e importeve, eksporteve dhe l\u00ebvizjes s\u00eb mallrave, p\u00ebr qasjen n\u00eb tregun e pun\u00ebs dhe mbrojtjen nga katastrofat), mesazhet pozitive nga Shkupi, q\u00eb p\u00ebrfunduan me q\u00ebllimin ambicioz p\u00ebr t\u2019i eliminuar t\u00eb gjitha barrierat kufitare mes Serbis\u00eb, Maqedonis\u00eb s\u00eb Veriut dhe Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb deri m\u00eb 1 janar 2023, flasin n\u00eb favor t\u00eb \u201cOpen Balkan\u201d-it si e vetmja nism\u00eb deri m\u00eb tash q\u00eb tregon potencial p\u00ebr t\u2019u b\u00ebr\u00eb shtyll\u00eb kurrizore e nj\u00eb bashk\u00ebpunimi ekonomik m\u00eb intensiv n\u00eb rajon. Ndon\u00ebse jo mes t\u00eb gjith\u00eb an\u00ebtar\u00ebve t\u00eb \u201cgjasht\u00ebshes\u201d, por vet\u00ebm mes atyre q\u00eb duan.<\/p>\n

E ardhmja e Procesit t\u00eb Berlin duket (ende) e paqart\u00eb, pasi k\u00ebt\u00eb vit presidenca i kthehet Gjermanis\u00eb. Tregu i p\u00ebrbashk\u00ebt rajonal, p\u00ebrkund\u00ebr qasjes gjith\u00ebp\u00ebrfshir\u00ebse, ende \u201cvuan\u201d nga ngecjet n\u00eb zbatim. Nd\u00ebrkaq, disa ide t\u00eb tjera (sikurse SEFTA e Kurtit; \u201cgjasht\u00ebshja\u201d si pjes\u00eb e tregut t\u00eb p\u00ebrbashk\u00ebt t\u00eb Bashkimit Evropian) tash p\u00ebr tash mbesin vet\u00ebm ide, me pak mund\u00ebsi p\u00ebr t\u2019u shnd\u00ebrruar n\u00eb realitet. \u00c7far\u00ebdo q\u00eb t\u00eb thuhet p\u00ebr t\u00eb tre lider\u00ebt dhe motivet e tyre t\u00eb v\u00ebrteta, ata e b\u00ebn\u00eb t\u00eb qart\u00eb n\u00eb Shkup se jan\u00eb t\u00eb gatsh\u00ebm t\u00eb investojn\u00eb kapitalin politik p\u00ebr ta vazhduar k\u00ebt\u00eb nism\u00eb t\u00eb nisur n\u00eb Novi Sad para dy vjet\u00ebsh. Megjith\u00ebk\u00ebt\u00eb, k\u00ebtu shfaqen disa probleme.<\/p>\n

I pari problem \u00ebsht\u00eb gjithashtu m\u00eb i r\u00ebnd\u00ebsishmi \u2013 si t\u00eb shkohet p\u00ebrpara dhe me k\u00eb? Rezistenca m\u00eb e z\u00ebshme ndaj \u201cOpen Balkan\u201d-it \u00ebsht\u00eb n\u00eb Kosov\u00eb. Zyrtar\u00eb t\u00eb lart\u00eb e kan\u00eb interpretuar si \u201ct\u00eb rreziksh\u00ebm p\u00ebr stabilitetin dhe paqen\u201d (Donika G\u00ebrvalla\u2013Shwartz), t\u00eb shtyr\u00eb p\u00ebrpara nga Serbia, \u201cs\u00eb cil\u00ebs nuk mund t\u2019i besohet p\u00ebr shkak t\u00eb ngjarjeve t\u00eb viteve \u201890\u201d (Mimoza Kusari-Lila); nd\u00ebrsa, m\u00eb her\u00ebt, kryeministri Kurti e ka par\u00eb si \u201cJugosllavi t\u00eb kat\u00ebrt\u201d, kurse p\u00ebrkrahja e Ram\u00ebs p\u00ebr k\u00ebt\u00eb projekt \u00ebsht\u00eb konsideruar si tradhti ndaj interesave t\u00eb Kosov\u00ebs.<\/p>\n

Mali i Zi dhe Bosnj\u00eb-Hercegovina kan\u00eb ngurruar \u2013 pjes\u00ebrisht p\u00ebr shkak t\u00eb arsyeve politike (mosbesim ndaj q\u00ebllimeve t\u00eb Beogradit), e pjes\u00ebrisht p\u00ebr shkak t\u00eb atyre ekonomike (paqart\u00ebsi lidhur me benefitet ekonomike). Duke qen\u00eb se CEFTA \u00ebsht\u00eb e pranishme qe nj\u00eb dekad\u00eb, nj\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb se si t\u00eb hiqen dyshimet n\u00eb Podgoric\u00eb dhe Sarajev\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb q\u00eb t\u00eb shpjegohet se \u00e7far\u00eb ofron \u201cm\u00eb shum\u00eb\u201d kjo nism\u00eb e \u201cOpen Balkan\u201d-it.<\/p>\n

Natyrisht se autoritetet n\u00eb Prishtin\u00eb kan\u00eb \u00e7do t\u00eb drejt\u00eb t\u00eb mos jen\u00eb pjes\u00eb e k\u00ebtij projekti. Prej argumenteve kund\u00ebr, ai m\u00eb bind\u00ebsi duket mospjes\u00ebmarrja n\u00eb projekte ku \u00ebsht\u00eb e pritshme q\u00eb t\u00eb mos trajtoheni si partner i barabart\u00eb. Megjith\u00ebk\u00ebt\u00eb, paradoksi k\u00ebtu \u00ebsht\u00eb se me Marr\u00ebveshjen e Uashingtonit, Prishtina \u00ebsht\u00eb ftuar n\u00eb \u201cMini-Schengen\u201d si Kosov\u00eb \u2013 pa pengesa dhe pa fusnota rreth statusit.<\/p>\n

Mbase duke qen\u00eb t\u00eb vet\u00ebdijsh\u00ebm p\u00ebr r\u00ebnd\u00ebsin\u00eb e Marr\u00ebveshjes s\u00eb Uashingtonit, e cila solli njohjen nga Izraeli (nj\u00eb \u201cdalje\u201d e r\u00ebnd\u00ebsishme strategjike n\u00eb kushtet e kund\u00ebrshtimit t\u00eb njohjes s\u00eb pavar\u00ebsis\u00eb), shumica n\u00eb pushtet nuk votoi kund\u00ebr rezolut\u00ebs s\u00eb opozit\u00ebs n\u00eb Parlamentin e Kosov\u00ebs, e cila b\u00ebnte thirrje p\u00ebr vazhdimin e zbatimit t\u00eb marr\u00ebveshjes. Nd\u00ebrkoh\u00eb, Ambasada e SHBA-s\u00eb n\u00eb Kosov\u00eb b\u00ebri thirrje q\u00eb nismat ekonomike e rajonale t\u00eb p\u00ebrqasen me \u201cmendje t\u00eb hapur\u201d.<\/p>\n

Duhet th\u00ebn\u00eb se nga heqja e barrierave m\u00eb shumti do t\u00eb p\u00ebrfitoj\u00eb ekonomia m\u00eb e fort\u00eb. Dhe n\u00eb kontekstin e Ballkanit Per\u00ebndimor kjo \u00ebsht\u00eb Serbia, e cila gjeneron gjysm\u00ebn e BPV-s\u00eb s\u00eb rajonit. Nj\u00eb ekonomie n\u00eb rritje i duhen pun\u00ebtor\u00ebt, mund\u00ebsisht sa m\u00eb t\u00eb kualifikuar. Teorikisht, ata do t\u2019i z\u00ebvend\u00ebsonin t\u00eb tjer\u00ebt q\u00eb jan\u00eb larguar nga vendi, ose q\u00eb kan\u00eb nd\u00ebrruar vendin e pun\u00ebs p\u00ebr t\u00eb fituar nj\u00eb rrog\u00eb m\u00eb t\u00eb madhe se minimalja. Meq\u00eb tash jan\u00eb hapur fabrika ku rrogat baz\u00eb jan\u00eb disi m\u00eb ta larta, konkurrenca p\u00ebr pun\u00eb mes investitor\u00ebve t\u00eb huaj po rritet. P\u00ebr ta, reduktimi (\u201coptimizimi\u201d) i kostos s\u00eb biznesit mbetet pik\u00eb s\u00eb pari motivi kryesor p\u00ebr t\u00eb investuar.<\/p>\n

Megjithat\u00eb, sipas nj\u00ebrit prej p\u00ebrfaq\u00ebsuesve t\u00eb nj\u00eb sindikate, ka droj\u00eb se \u201cOpen Balkan\u201d-i do t\u00eb sjell\u00eb shitjen n\u00ebn koston e prodhimit n\u00eb treg t\u00eb huaj [\u2018dumping\u2019], duke i v\u00ebn\u00eb pun\u00ebtor\u00ebt n\u00eb pozit\u00eb edhe m\u00eb t\u00eb v\u00ebshtir\u00eb. (P\u00ebrgjigjja tipike e pronar\u00ebve t\u00eb bizneseve \u00ebsht\u00eb se atyre ve\u00e7se u mungojn\u00eb pun\u00ebtor\u00ebt dhe trendi i \u201cimportimit\u201d t\u00eb tyre nga jasht\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb i pakthyesh\u00ebm.) P.sh., shohim inxhinier\u00eb t\u00eb ardhur n\u00eb Loznic\u00eb nga Maqedonia e Veriut; pun\u00ebtor\u00eb t\u00eb kualifikuar q\u00eb kan\u00eb gjetur pun\u00eb n\u00eb Krushevc; por k\u00ebto jan\u00eb raste mjaft t\u00eb rralla. Nj\u00eb e treta e pun\u00ebtor\u00ebve t\u00eb nd\u00ebrtimit q\u00eb punojn\u00eb n\u00eb \u201cKorridorin e Morav\u00ebs\u201d nga Pojata n\u00eb Prijelin\u00eb jan\u00eb qytetar\u00eb turq q\u00eb punojn\u00eb p\u00ebr \u201cBechtel Enka\u201d-n.<\/p>\n

P\u00ebr t\u00eb m\u00eb tep\u00ebr, a mund ta parafytyrojm\u00eb nj\u00eb proces t\u00eb dyansh\u00ebm, ku pun\u00ebtor\u00ebt e aft\u00eb e l\u00ebshojn\u00eb Serbin\u00eb n\u00eb drejtim t\u00eb dy vendeve t\u00eb tjera? Nj\u00eb pyetje tjet\u00ebr e natyrshme do t\u00eb ishte se \u00e7far\u00eb do ta motivonte dik\u00eb nga Beogradi, Novi Sadi a Nishi, q\u00eb t\u00eb k\u00ebrkonte pun\u00eb n\u00eb Shkup ose Tiran\u00eb? Pra, ekziston nj\u00eb dimension njer\u00ebzor n\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb mes, p\u00ebr t\u00eb cilin kjo nism\u00eb v\u00ebshtir\u00eb se mund ta ofroj\u00eb ndonj\u00eb p\u00ebrgjigje. Mbase nj\u00eb hap i ardhsh\u00ebm logjik do t\u00eb ishte krijimi i nj\u00eb platforme rajonale online p\u00ebr vende t\u00eb pun\u00ebs.<\/p>\n

Sa p\u00ebr prodhuesit q\u00eb k\u00ebrkojn\u00eb t\u2019i plasojn\u00eb produktet e tyre, aty paraqiten nj\u00eb mij\u00eb e nj\u00eb mund\u00ebsi dhe \u00ebsht\u00eb e v\u00ebshtir\u00eb q\u00eb t\u00eb ndiqen t\u00eb gjitha. Me nj\u00eb fjal\u00eb, secili beson n\u00eb mund\u00ebsin\u00eb e tij; dikush mbase shpreson n\u00eb nj\u00eb zinxhir vlerash m\u00eb t\u00eb efektsh\u00ebm, se mbase do t\u00eb gjej\u00eb bashk\u00ebpun\u00ebtor\u00eb e prodhues. Aty jan\u00eb edhe tender\u00ebt, pun\u00ebt publike, investimet n\u00eb infrastruktur\u00eb \u2013 v\u00ebshtir\u00eb t\u00eb parafytyrohet se do t\u00eb rregullohen t\u00eb gjitha. N\u00eb fund fare \u00ebsht\u00eb turizmi.<\/p>\n

\u00c7do vit, nj\u00eb milion njer\u00ebz nga Serbia udh\u00ebtojn\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u2019i kaluar 10 dit\u00eb t\u00eb shkreta n\u00eb plazh. N\u00eb sezonin e dyt\u00eb t\u00eb \u201ckorona turizmit\u201d, bregdeti i Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb shnd\u00ebrruar n\u00eb destinacion t\u00eb p\u00eblqyesh\u00ebm, duke kontribuuar shum\u00eb m\u00eb shum\u00eb n\u00eb kontaktet mes njer\u00ebzve sesa \u00e7do gj\u00eb tjet\u00ebr.<\/p>\n

Problemi i kat\u00ebrt ka t\u00eb b\u00ebj\u00eb me marr\u00ebdh\u00ebniet e pazgjidhura me nismat dhe kornizat e tjera t\u00eb bashk\u00ebpunimit ekonomik rajonal (dhe, potencialisht, integrimin). Pik\u00eb s\u00eb pari \u00ebsht\u00eb tregu i p\u00ebrbashk\u00ebt rajonal, i cili \u00ebsht\u00eb i lidhur edhe me Procesin e Berlinit, edhe me dimensionin BE-BB, si dhe me samitet e lider\u00ebve. Mund\u00ebsia p\u00ebr t\u00eb udh\u00ebtuar lirsh\u00ebm n\u00ebp\u00ebr gjasht\u00eb vendet vet\u00ebm me let\u00ebrnjoftim ishte ide q\u00eb zanafill\u00ebn e pati te Procesi i Berlinit. Por, kjo s\u2019pati sukses, s\u00eb bashku me disa ide dhe propozime t\u00eb tjera progresive.<\/p>\n

Natyrisht se ka edhe nj\u00eb dimension t\u00eb fort\u00eb politik, ose nj\u00eb motiv prapa \u201cOpen Balkan\u201d-it. Ata q\u00eb e kan\u00eb nisur mund t\u00eb thon\u00eb se \u201cne po b\u00ebjm\u00eb di\u00e7ka (konkrete) p\u00ebr rajonin\u201d; \u201cne po i marrim gj\u00ebrat n\u00eb duart tona\u201d. N\u00eb Shkup, q\u00eb t\u00eb tre lider\u00ebt u distancuan nga argumenti se nuk mund t\u00eb presin m\u00eb tutje vazhdimin e integrimit evropian. Ajo q\u00eb e b\u00ebn t\u00eb r\u00ebnd\u00ebsishme k\u00ebt\u00eb nism\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb se nism\u00ebtar\u00ebt jan\u00eb vende t\u00eb rajonit, e jo komuniteti nd\u00ebrkomb\u00ebtar dhe se kjo do t\u00eb sjell\u00eb p\u00ebrfitime praktike dhe nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb e drejtuar kund\u00ebr askujt. Madje, n\u00eb nj\u00eb artikull (programor) t\u00eb tij, Vu\u00e7iqi e p\u00ebrdori shembullin e shum\u00ebp\u00ebrmendur t\u00eb pajtimit franko-gjerman p\u00ebrmes ekonomis\u00eb.<\/p>\n

Megjithat\u00eb, mungesa e besimit \u00ebsht\u00eb e konsiderueshme. Nj\u00eb kryetitull i Radios Evropa e Lir\u00eb e p\u00ebrmbledh m\u00eb s\u00eb miri: \u201c\u2019Open Balkans\u2019: profit ekonomik apo hegjemoni serbe\u201d. Beogradi zyrtar nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb duke ndihmuar n\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb aspekt, duke d\u00ebshtuar, mbase q\u00ebllimsh\u00ebm, q\u00eb t\u00eb distancohet prej ides\u00eb provokative t\u00eb \u201cbot\u00ebs serbe\u201d \u2013 gj\u00eb e cila tashm\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb duke pasur efekt negativ n\u00eb Mal t\u00eb Zi. Provokative ngase nuk p\u00ebrmban ndonj\u00eb shpjegim shoq\u00ebrues.<\/p>\n

Edhe po t\u00eb kishte ndonj\u00eb shpjegim, a do t\u2019i ngjante\u00a0\u201crusskiy mir\u201d<\/em>\u00a0(nd\u00ebrveprimit t\u00eb p\u00ebrgjithsh\u00ebm t\u00eb kultur\u00ebs, traditave dhe shoq\u00ebris\u00eb, \u201cve\u00e7antis\u00eb\u201d komb\u00ebtare), apo, sipas fjal\u00ebve t\u00eb Darko Tanaskovi\u0107it q\u00eb i shkruan n\u00eb \u201cPolitika\u201d: \u201cTotalitetit t\u00eb gjuh\u00ebs, hap\u00ebsir\u00ebs kulturore, tradicionale dhe mendore, e jo hap\u00ebsir\u00ebs territoriale n\u00eb t\u00eb cil\u00ebn jetojn\u00eb serb\u00ebt, gj\u00eb e cila nuk do t\u00eb duhej ta shqet\u00ebsonte ask\u00ebnd\u201d? V\u00ebshtir\u00eb se \u00ebsht\u00eb i mundsh\u00ebm pajtimi i t\u00eb dyjave. Sido q\u00eb t\u00eb jet\u00eb, n\u00ebse nism\u00ebtar\u00ebt e \u201cOpen Balkan\u201d-it i arrijn\u00eb q\u00ebllimet e tyre dhe p\u00ebrmbushin objektivat q\u00eb i kan\u00eb proklamuar, at\u00ebher\u00eb hapet mund\u00ebsia p\u00ebr perspektiva t\u00eb reja, pa marr\u00eb parasysh dyshimet.<\/p>\n

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Pik\u00ebpamjet e shprehura n\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb artikull jan\u00eb ekskluzivisht t\u00eb autorit, jo t\u00eb Sbunkerit.<\/p>\n

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Ndryshimi i emrit nga \u201cMini-Schengen\u201d n\u00eb \u201cOpen Balkan\u201d, n\u00ebnshkrimi i tri dokumenteve (p\u00ebr leht\u00ebsimin e importeve, eksporteve dhe l\u00ebvizjes s\u00eb mallrave, p\u00ebr qasjen n\u00eb tregun e pun\u00ebs dhe mbrojtjen nga katastrofat), mesazhet pozitive nga Shkupi, q\u00eb p\u00ebrfunduan me q\u00ebllimin ambicioz p\u00ebr t\u2019i eliminuar t\u00eb gjitha barrierat kufitare mes Serbis\u00eb, Maqedonis\u00eb s\u00eb Veriut dhe Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb deri […]<\/p>","protected":false},"author":296,"featured_media":11737,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[13],"tags":[1543,641],"ppma_author":[307],"class_list":["post-4479","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-analize","tag-mini-shengeni","tag-open-balkan"],"authors":[{"term_id":307,"user_id":296,"is_guest":0,"slug":"marko-savkovic","display_name":"Marko Savkovi\u0107","avatar_url":{"url":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/Marko-Savkovic-BSF-2016-400x400-1.jpg","url2x":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/Marko-Savkovic-BSF-2016-400x400-1.jpg"},"user_url":"","last_name":"Savkovi\u0107","first_name":"Marko","description":"Marko Savkovi\u00e7 \u00ebsht\u00eb Drejtor Ekzekutiv n\u00eb Belgrade Fund for Political Excellence (BFPE)."}],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/sr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4479","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/sr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/sr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/sr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/296"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/sr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=4479"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/sr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4479\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":11738,"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/sr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4479\/revisions\/11738"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/sr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/11737"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/sr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=4479"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/sr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=4479"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/sr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=4479"},{"taxonomy":"author","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/sr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/ppma_author?post=4479"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}