{"id":4794,"date":"2021-01-25T12:31:47","date_gmt":"2021-01-25T10:31:47","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/?p=4794"},"modified":"2024-11-06T12:33:00","modified_gmt":"2024-11-06T10:33:00","slug":"sovraniteti-europian-pa-autonomi-strategjike","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/sr\/opinion\/sovraniteti-europian-pa-autonomi-strategjike\/","title":{"rendered":"Sovraniteti europian pa autonomi strategjike"},"content":{"rendered":"
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Bashkimi Europian k\u00ebrkon m\u00eb shum\u00eb pavar\u00ebsi nga ndikimi i SHBA-s\u00eb, por shtetet an\u00ebtare kan\u00eb mospajtime p\u00ebr \u00e7\u00ebshtjen e siguris\u00eb.<\/em><\/p>\n

Gjat\u00eb presidenc\u00ebs s\u00eb Donald Trump-it, europian\u00ebt qen\u00eb t\u00eb detyruar t\u00eb vet\u00ebreflektojn\u00eb, gj\u00eb e cila solli p\u00ebrfundimin se Europa, si\u00e7 e ka th\u00ebn\u00eb kancelarja gjermane Angela Merkel, \u201cduhet t\u00eb marrin fatin n\u00eb duart e veta\u201d. Me fjal\u00eb t\u00eb tjera, t\u00eb b\u00ebhet m\u00eb e pavarur nga Shtetet e Bashkuara.<\/p>\n

Por si mund ta arrij\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb Europa dhe n\u00eb cilat aspekte t\u00eb fatit t\u00eb saj? Debati sillet rreth dy koncepteve: \u2018autonomis\u00eb strategjike\u2019 dhe \u2018sovranitetit europian\u2019. Q\u00eb t\u00eb dy konceptet jan\u00eb t\u00eb mjegullta dhe, p\u00ebr sa koh\u00eb q\u00eb jan\u00eb p\u00ebrdorur k\u00ebmbyesh\u00ebm, jan\u00eb t\u00eb dallueshme dhe u p\u00ebrmend\u00ebn si p\u00ebrgjigje ndaj dy aspekteve t\u00eb ndryshme t\u00eb politikave t\u00eb administrat\u00ebs s\u00eb Trump-it.<\/p>\n

Koncepti i autonomis\u00eb strategjike u shfaq si p\u00ebrgjigje ndaj paqart\u00ebsis\u00eb s\u00eb krijuar nga zgjedhja e Trumpit lidhur me garancin\u00eb e kahershme amerikane p\u00ebr sigurin\u00eb e Europ\u00ebs, duke u p\u00ebrqendruar kryesisht n\u00eb politik\u00ebn e mbrojtjes dhe t\u00eb ardhmen e NATO-s. Ai shpreh iden\u00eb se Europa \u2013 zakonisht, por jo gjithnj\u00eb, Bashkimi Europian \u2013 duhet t\u00eb jet\u00eb m\u00eb pak e varur nga Shtetet e Bashkuara p\u00ebr sigurin\u00eb e saj.<\/p>\n

Ideja e sovranitetit europian u shfaq p\u00ebr shkak t\u00eb tarifave mbi aluminin dhe importet e \u00e7elikut t\u00eb vendosura mbi BE-n\u00eb dhe Kin\u00ebn nga admnistrata e Trump-it, dhe ndikimi i t\u00ebrthort\u00eb mbi euopian\u00ebt i sanksioneve t\u00eb reja t\u00eb vendosura mbi Iranin m\u00eb 2018 \u2013 t\u00eb cilat ish kryeministri suedez\u00a0Carl Bildt i kritikoi si \u2018sulm i jasht\u00ebzakonsh\u00ebm\u2019<\/a>\u00a0ndaj sovranitetit europian. Ndon\u00ebnse\u00a0problematik si term<\/a>, ai shpreh iden\u00eb se Europa \u2013 n\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb rast BE-ja \u2013 duhet t\u00eb jet\u00eb m\u00eb e pavarur nga SHBA-ja n\u00eb politikat ekonomike.<\/p>\n

Sidoqoft\u00eb, tash \u00ebsht\u00eb b\u00ebr\u00eb e qart\u00eb se BE-ja po ndjek iden\u00eb e sovranitetit europian pa autonomi strategjike. Kjo e fundit \u00ebsht\u00eb ide shum\u00eb m\u00eb p\u00ebr\u00e7ar\u00ebse p\u00ebrbrenda BE-s\u00eb se sa e para \u2013 p\u00ebrderisa autonomia strategjike ka shum\u00eb p\u00ebrkrah\u00ebs n\u00eb Franc\u00eb, ajo kund\u00ebrshtohet nga Polonia dhe nga shum\u00eb n\u00eb Gjermani. Si pasoj\u00eb, orvatjet p\u00ebr t\u00eb zhvilluar nisma t\u00eb mbrojtjes s\u00eb BE-s\u00eb kan\u00eb b\u00ebr\u00eb shum\u00eb pak progres.<\/p>\n

BE-ja \u00ebsht\u00eb gjithashtu aktor shum\u00eb m\u00eb i dob\u00ebt n\u00eb politika t\u00eb siguris\u00eb se sa n\u00eb politika ekonomike, gj\u00eb q\u00eb e b\u00ebn autonomin\u00eb strategjike q\u00ebllim jo shum\u00eb realist. Nd\u00ebrkoh\u00eb zgjedhja e Joe Biden-it si president t\u00eb p\u00ebrkushtuar n\u00eb NATO-n ka zvog\u00ebluar presionin mbi Europ\u00ebn p\u00ebr t\u00eb arritur autonomin\u00eb strategjike p\u00ebr t\u00eb pakt\u00ebn kat\u00ebr vitet e ardhshme.<\/p>\n

Por nd\u00ebrkoh\u00eb q\u00eb vazhdon var\u00ebsin\u00eb ndaj SHBA-s\u00eb p\u00ebr \u00e7\u00ebshtjen e siguris\u00eb, BE-ja d\u00ebshiron ta kund\u00ebrshtoj\u00eb n\u00eb fushat si tregtia, investimet, energjia, dhe teknologjia \u2013 shtrohet pyetja se a do t\u00eb pranojn\u00eb k\u00ebto terma Shtetet e Bashkuara? Disa n\u00eb administrat\u00ebn e Biden-it, posa\u00e7\u00ebrisht europianist\u00ebt, e shohin marr\u00ebdh\u00ebnien transatlantke si q\u00ebllim n\u00eb vetvete dhe duan ta p\u00ebrforcojn\u00eb at\u00eb.<\/p>\n

Por t\u00eb tjer\u00ebt, ve\u00e7an\u00ebrisht ata q\u00eb jan\u00eb t\u00eb fokusuar t\u00eb arrijn\u00eb q\u00ebllimet amerikane gjetk\u00eb n\u00ebp\u00ebr bot\u00eb, e shohin marr\u00ebdh\u00ebnien n\u00eb terma m\u00eb instrumental\u00eb \u2013 vet\u00ebm si mekaniz\u00ebm p\u00ebr t\u00eb arritur ato q\u00ebllime, dhe prandaj do t\u00eb jen\u00eb t\u00eb gatsh\u00ebm t\u00eb b\u00ebjn\u00eb m\u00eb shum\u00eb presion mbi BE-na q\u00eb t\u00eb harmonizoj\u00eb q\u00ebndrimet me ta.<\/p>\n

Kina \u00ebsht\u00eb \u00e7\u00ebshtja m\u00eb e r\u00ebnd\u00ebsishme. Me zgjedhjen e Biden-it, ka shpresa p\u00ebr qasje t\u00eb re transatlantike karshi Kin\u00ebs. Por BE-ja, e udh\u00ebhequr nga Merkel, vazhdoi krye n\u00eb vete me n\u00ebnshkrimin e Marr\u00ebveshjes Gjith\u00ebp\u00ebrfshir\u00ebse p\u00ebr Investime (CAI) me Kin\u00ebn edhe pasi k\u00ebrkesave\u00a0t\u00eb K\u00ebshilltarit t\u00eb ri p\u00ebr Siguri Komb\u00ebtare Jake Sullivan<\/a>\u00a0p\u00ebr t\u00eb \u201cmbajtur konsulta me partner\u00ebt tan\u00eb europian\u00eb p\u00ebr brengat tona t\u00eb p\u00ebrbashk\u00ebt rreth \u2018praktikave ekonomike\u2019 t\u00eb Kin\u00ebs\u201d.<\/p>\n

Se BE-ja u ngut t\u00eb n\u00ebnshkruante CAI-n, kjo zem\u00ebroi an\u00ebtaret e ekipit t\u00eb Biden-it, por reagimi p\u00ebrbrenda BE-s\u00eb ishte se nuk kishin nevoj\u00eb t\u00eb k\u00ebrkonin leje prej SHBA-s\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u00eb n\u00ebnshkruar marr\u00ebveshje investimesh me Kin\u00ebn \u2013 me fjal\u00eb t\u00eb tjera, pohim i qart\u00eb i sovranitetit ekonomik.<\/p>\n

Rusia \u00ebsht\u00eb gjithashtu e r\u00ebnd\u00ebsishme. Instinkti i disave n\u00eb administrat\u00ebn e Biden-it \u00ebsht\u00eb q\u00eb t\u00eb punohet p\u00ebr s\u00eb af\u00ebrmi me Gjermanin\u00eb dhe, mbi t\u00eb gjitha, me Merkel-in e cila gjat\u00eb viteve t\u00eb aministrat\u00ebs s\u00eb Obama-s \u00ebsht\u00eb par\u00eb si aktor ky\u00e7 europian n\u00eb p\u00ebrgjigj\u00ebn e koordinuar ndaj kriz\u00ebs n\u00eb Ukrain\u00eb.<\/p>\n

Megjith\u00ebk\u00ebt\u00eb, Gjermania po shtyn p\u00ebpara gazsjell\u00ebsin NordStream 2, t\u00eb cilin e kund\u00ebrshtojn\u00eb fuqish\u00ebm disa an\u00ebtar\u00eb t\u00eb administrat\u00ebs s\u00eb Biden-it. Administrata e Trump-it sapo ka\u00a0paralajm\u00ebruar sanksione t\u00eb reja<\/a>. A do t\u00eb b\u00ebj\u00eb presion administrata e Biden-it mbi Gjermanin\u00eb duke p\u00ebrkrahur ose zgjeruar k\u00ebto sanksione? Apo do t\u2019ia fal\u00eb Gjermanis\u00eb me q\u00ebllim t\u00eb ruajtjes s\u00eb marr\u00ebdh\u00ebnieve t\u00eb mira?<\/p>\n

Se a do t\u2019i lejoj\u00eb BE-s\u00eb administrata e Bidenit t\u00eb luaj\u00eb me dy pal\u00eb karta, duke vazdhuar t\u00eb varet n\u00eb SHBA-n\u00eb p\u00ebr sigurin\u00eb e saj nd\u00ebrkoh\u00eb q\u00eb e kund\u00ebrshton n\u00eb raport me Kin\u00ebn dhe Rusin\u00eb, varet nga ajo se cili fraksion do t\u00eb form\u00ebsoj\u00eb m\u00eb vendosm\u00ebrisht politik\u00ebn e jashtme.<\/p>\n

N\u00eb nj\u00ebrin krah do t\u00eb jen\u00eb europianist\u00ebt, p\u00ebrfshi ndoshta edhe Sekretarin e ri t\u00eb Shtetit Anthony Blinken. N\u00eb krahun tjet\u00ebr do t\u00eb jen\u00eb strategjist\u00ebt si Kurt Campbell, koordinatori i ri i lart\u00eb p\u00ebr politik\u00ebn e Indo-Paq\u00ebsorit n\u00eb K\u00ebshillin p\u00ebr Siguri Komb\u00ebtare.<\/p>\n

Por figura vendimtare mund t\u00eb jet\u00eb Jake Sullivan. Ndon\u00ebse\u00a0ka shkruar s\u00eb bashku me Campbell-in<\/a>\u00a0mbi gar\u00ebn strategjike me Kin\u00ebn, zyrtar\u00ebt nga BE-ja \u2013 dhe ve\u00e7an\u00ebrisht Gjermania \u2013 do t\u00eb shpresojn\u00eb se do t\u00eb mbaj\u00eb an\u00ebn e europianist\u00ebve.<\/p>\n

***<\/p>\n

Artikulli origjinal n\u00eb\u00a0Chatham House<\/a><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

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Ky artikull\u00a0mb\u00ebshtetet nga “Sbunker” p\u00ebrmes projektit t\u00eb financuar nga Ambasada Amerikane. Mendimet e shprehura k\u00ebtu jan\u00eb t\u00eb autorit\u00a0dhe jo medoemos pasqyrojn\u00eb q\u00ebndrimet e Departamentit t\u00eb Shtetit.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

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\n<\/div>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Bashkimi Europian k\u00ebrkon m\u00eb shum\u00eb pavar\u00ebsi nga ndikimi i SHBA-s\u00eb, por shtetet an\u00ebtare kan\u00eb mospajtime p\u00ebr \u00e7\u00ebshtjen e siguris\u00eb. Gjat\u00eb presidenc\u00ebs s\u00eb Donald Trump-it, europian\u00ebt qen\u00eb t\u00eb detyruar t\u00eb vet\u00ebreflektojn\u00eb, gj\u00eb e cila solli p\u00ebrfundimin se Europa, si\u00e7 e ka th\u00ebn\u00eb kancelarja gjermane Angela Merkel, \u201cduhet t\u00eb marrin fatin n\u00eb duart e veta\u201d. Me fjal\u00eb […]<\/p>","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":9655,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[9],"tags":[1673,1672],"ppma_author":[285],"class_list":["post-4794","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-opinion","tag-autonomi-strategjike","tag-sovraniteti-europian"],"authors":[{"term_id":285,"user_id":0,"is_guest":1,"slug":"hans-kundnani","display_name":"Hans Kundnani","avatar_url":{"url":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/Kundnan.jpeg","url2x":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/Kundnan.jpeg"},"user_url":"","last_name":"","first_name":"","description":"Hans Kundnani \u00ebsht\u00eb bashk\u00ebpun\u00ebtor i lart\u00eb i hulumtimit n\u00eb Programin e Evrop\u00ebs n\u00eb Chatham House."}],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/sr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4794","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/sr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/sr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/sr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/sr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=4794"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/sr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4794\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":9682,"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/sr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4794\/revisions\/9682"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/sr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/9655"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/sr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=4794"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/sr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=4794"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/sr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=4794"},{"taxonomy":"author","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/sr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/ppma_author?post=4794"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}