{"id":4868,"date":"2020-12-15T14:31:25","date_gmt":"2020-12-15T12:31:25","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/?p=4868"},"modified":"2024-10-23T15:11:30","modified_gmt":"2024-10-23T13:11:30","slug":"a-do-te-kete-rimekembje-ekonomike","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/sr\/opinion\/a-do-te-kete-rimekembje-ekonomike\/","title":{"rendered":"A do t\u00eb ket\u00eb rim\u00ebk\u00ebmbje ekonomike?"},"content":{"rendered":"
\n

Ligji p\u00ebr Rim\u00ebk\u00ebmbjen Ekonomike \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb nga ligjet m\u00eb t\u00eb r\u00ebnd\u00ebsishme t\u00eb miratuara deri m\u00eb tash. Ky ligj \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb sip\u00ebrmarrje mjaft e madhe q\u00eb i rrit\u00eb obligimet e shtetit dhe do t\u00eb ket\u00eb pasoja mjaft t\u00eb m\u00ebdha p\u00ebr financat publike. K\u00ebtu do ta shqyrtoj p\u00ebrmbajtjen e k\u00ebtij ligji dhe at\u00eb se sa n\u00eb t\u00eb v\u00ebrtet\u00eb do ta arrij\u00eb q\u00ebllimin e rim\u00ebk\u00ebmbjes ekonomike ky ligj?<\/p>\n

Fillimisht po i listoj aspektet m\u00eb pozitive t\u00eb k\u00ebtij ligji. S\u00eb pari, gj\u00ebja m\u00eb e mir\u00eb p\u00ebr ekonomin\u00eb e Kosov\u00ebs n\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb ligj \u00ebsht\u00eb favorizimi i p\u00ebrkohsh\u00ebm i prodhuesve vendor\u00eb n\u00eb tenderim, pra p\u00ebrpar\u00ebsit\u00eb p\u00ebr prodhuesit e produkteve dhe sh\u00ebrbimeve vendore (Neni 13) n\u00eb vler\u00ebsimin e ofertave. Kjo gj\u00eb do t\u00eb ndikoj\u00eb n\u00eb rritjen e prodhimit vendor, edhe pse p\u00ebr nj\u00eb afat t\u00eb shkurt\u00ebr.<\/p>\n

E dyta, nj\u00eb gj\u00eb e mir\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb transferi q\u00eb do t\u00eb b\u00ebhet te nj\u00eb pjes\u00eb e qytetar\u00ebve, p\u00ebrmes kompensimit t\u00eb pagave t\u00eb pun\u00ebtor\u00ebve n\u00eb sektorin privat me 300 euro p\u00ebr tre muaj (Neni 12). Edhe pse ky nen i ka mang\u00ebsit\u00eb e veta, sepse p\u00ebrjashton nj\u00eb num\u00ebr t\u00eb madh t\u00eb pun\u00ebtor\u00ebve, ky transfer do t\u00eb jet\u00eb nj\u00eb ndihmes\u00eb e p\u00ebrkohshme p\u00ebr buxhetin e shum\u00eb familjeve.<\/p>\n

N\u00eb an\u00ebn tjet\u00ebr, ligji ka shum\u00eb aspekte negative. S\u00eb pari, problemi kryesor \u00ebsht\u00eb mund\u00ebsia e abuzimeve t\u00eb m\u00ebdha me fondin p\u00ebr nd\u00ebrmarrje private. Mund\u00ebsit\u00eb p\u00ebr keqp\u00ebrdorim t\u00eb Nenit 11, q\u00eb parasheh shp\u00ebrndarjen e 200 milion\u00eb eurove te firmat private jan\u00eb t\u00eb m\u00ebdha. Definimi i firmave q\u00eb do t\u00eb ken\u00eb qasje n\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb fond \u00ebsht\u00eb shum\u00eb i gj\u00ebr\u00eb. Ka shum\u00eb gjasa q\u00eb efekti kryesor i k\u00ebtij neni \u00ebsht\u00eb forcimi i kapitalizmit klientelist dhe oligarkis\u00eb, sepse firmat q\u00eb do t\u00eb p\u00ebrfitojn\u00eb do t\u00eb ken\u00eb lidhje me politik\u00ebn.<\/p>\n

S\u00eb dyti, nj\u00eb problem tjet\u00ebr madhor me ligjin \u00ebsht\u00eb l\u00ebnja jasht\u00eb e kategorive joformale t\u00eb pun\u00ebsimit. Shtresat e popullsis\u00eb me gjendjen m\u00eb t\u00eb r\u00ebnd\u00eb, pothuajse fare nuk preken nga ky ligj. Kjo \u00ebsht\u00eb mang\u00ebsi e madhe kur dihet se joformaliteti \u00ebsht\u00eb n\u00eb nivel shum\u00eb t\u00eb lart\u00eb n\u00eb vend. Duke injoruar shtresat m\u00eb t\u00eb varf\u00ebra t\u00eb shoq\u00ebris\u00eb, ky ligj do ta rris\u00eb pabarazin\u00eb n\u00eb vend.<\/p>\n

Moszhvillim, pabarazi dhe borxh publik<\/strong><\/p>\n

Efekti kryesor i k\u00ebtij ligji do t\u00eb jet\u00eb forcimi i sektorit primar ne ekonomi pra duke e nxitur edhe m\u00eb tutje bujq\u00ebsin\u00eb e xehetarin\u00eb. Fokusi kryesor i k\u00ebtij ligji \u00ebsht\u00eb n\u00eb bujq\u00ebsi, gj\u00eb q\u00eb do ta forcoj\u00eb edhe m\u00eb shum\u00eb pozit\u00ebn e k\u00ebtij sektori n\u00eb ekonomi e q\u00eb do t\u00eb ket\u00eb efekte negative p\u00ebr zhvillim. Mosdiskriminimi n\u00eb l\u00ebnd\u00ebn e par\u00eb q\u00eb p\u00ebrdoret brenda vendit dhe asaj q\u00eb eksportohet, poashtu do ta cimentoj\u00eb pozit\u00ebn e Kosov\u00ebs si eksportues i l\u00ebnd\u00ebs s\u00eb par\u00eb, pra si nj\u00eb ekonomi primare. Kjo do ta p\u00ebrkeq\u00ebsoje pozit\u00ebn e vendit n\u00eb tregjet globale duke e v\u00ebshtir\u00ebsuar edhe m\u00eb tej ngritjen n\u00eb nj\u00eb ekonomi prodhuese\/p\u00ebrpunuese. K\u00ebtu ia vlen t\u00eb theksohet se i vetmi nen i ligjit q\u00eb do t\u00eb ket\u00eb efekt t\u00eb p\u00ebrhersh\u00ebm \u00ebsht\u00eb ai q\u00eb e ndalon dallimin mes k\u00ebtyre dy llojeve t\u00eb l\u00ebnd\u00ebs s\u00eb par\u00eb. Kjo gj\u00eb do t\u2019i eliminoj\u00eb cytjet p\u00ebr t\u00eb p\u00ebrpunuar l\u00ebnd\u00ebn e par\u00eb brenda vendit n\u00eb sektorin e manufaktur\u00ebs gj\u00eb q\u00eb do t\u00eb ishte nj\u00eb proces zhvillimor pozitiv.<\/p>\n

Rritja e pabarazis\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb efekt tjet\u00ebr i k\u00ebtij ligji. P\u00ebrfitimi nga shtresat m\u00eb t\u00eb pasura garantohet p\u00ebrmes injorimit t\u00eb pjes\u00ebs joformale t\u00eb ekonomis\u00eb si dhe p\u00ebrmes fondit p\u00ebr firmat, q\u00eb pothuajse \u00ebsht\u00eb e garantuar se do t\u00eb shkoj\u00eb kryesisht te firmat m\u00eb t\u00eb m\u00ebdha. N\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb aspekt ligji \u00ebsht\u00eb mjaft diskriminues sepse nuk p\u00ebrfshin\u00eb ndonj\u00eb provizion q\u00eb synon t\u00eb shtrij\u00eb rrjetin e mir\u00ebqenjes sociale tek shtresat m\u00eb t\u00eb r\u00ebnduara ekonomikisht.<\/p>\n

Pasojat afatgjata t\u00eb rritjes s\u00eb borxhit publik jan\u00eb nj\u00eb problematik\u00eb tjet\u00ebr e k\u00ebtij ligji. Sipas kalkulimeve t\u00eb qeveris\u00eb shuma q\u00eb do t\u00eb t\u00ebrhiqet nga trusti do t\u00eb jet\u00eb rreth 200 milion\u00eb euro, t\u00eb cilat m\u00eb von\u00eb do t\u00eb mbulohen nga buxheti i shtetit. K\u00ebsaj i shtohet edhe shuma e fondit prej 200 milion\u00eb eurove tjera, dhe arrihet nj\u00eb shum\u00eb prej 400 milion\u00eb eurosh q\u00eb duhet t\u00eb financohet disi. P\u00ebr m\u00eb tep\u00ebr, duhet t\u00eb llogarisim edhe mungesat n\u00eb t\u00eb hyrat publike q\u00eb do t\u00eb jen\u00eb prezente p\u00ebr shkak t\u00eb leht\u00ebsimeve t\u00eb ndryshme tatimore e q\u00eb mund t\u00eb arrijn\u00eb shifra t\u00eb pakt\u00ebn prej dhjetra milion\u00eb eurosh. T\u00eb gjitha k\u00ebto kosto, qeveria sigurisht se do t\u2019i mbuloj\u00eb p\u00ebrmes huamarrjes publike. Kjo do ta rris borxhin publik konsideruesh\u00ebm, gj\u00eb q\u00eb ve\u00e7 ka ndodhur edhe n\u00eb dekad\u00ebn e fundit dhe n\u00eb t\u00eb ardhmen mund ta v\u00ebshtir\u00ebsoj\u00eb pozit\u00ebn ekonomike t\u00eb vendit.<\/p>\n

Mund\u00ebsi e humbur<\/strong><\/p>\n

Sa do ta arrij\u00eb q\u00ebllimin e deklaruar ky ligj? N\u00ebse shikohen nenet e ligjit dhe politikat e instaluara, nuk mund t\u00eb flitet p\u00ebr nj\u00eb rim\u00ebk\u00ebmbje ekonomike dhe e shumta q\u00eb mund t\u00eb pritet nga ky ligj \u00ebsht\u00eb nje rritje e p\u00ebrkohshme e konsumit n\u00eb afatin e shkurt\u00ebr, pa ndonj\u00eb pasoj\u00eb pozitive n\u00eb aspektin afatgjat\u00eb. N\u00eb p\u00ebrgjith\u00ebsi mund t\u00eb thuhet se ky ligj \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb shans i humbur. Qeveria dhe Kuvendi pat\u00ebn shansin q\u00eb t\u00eb miratojn\u00eb nj\u00eb ligj q\u00eb do ta ndryshonte struktur\u00ebn ekonomike t\u00eb vendit. Por nuk e b\u00ebn\u00eb nj\u00eb ligj t\u00eb till\u00eb, dhe ligji aktual vet\u00ebm se do ta thelloj\u00eb kriz\u00ebn kronike ekonomike duke forcuar pabarazin\u00eb. P\u00ebr m\u00eb tep\u00ebr do ta b\u00ebj\u00eb edhe m\u00eb t\u00eb v\u00ebshtir\u00eb zhvillimin, duke sforcuar sektor\u00ebt primar t\u00eb ekonomis\u00eb. Nj\u00eb ligj i mir\u00eb do t\u00eb duhej t\u00eb dizajnohej n\u00eb at\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb q\u00eb synon ta ndryshoj\u00eb struktur\u00ebn ekonomike. Kjo do t\u00eb b\u00ebhej p\u00ebrmes sforcimit dhe promovimit t\u00eb prodhimit e sektorit t\u00eb manufaktur\u00ebs, firmave q\u00eb krijojn\u00eb vende pune dhe p\u00ebrmes kusht\u00ebzimit t\u00eb qasjes n\u00eb ndihma me formalizim t\u00eb pun\u00ebsimit e futje n\u00eb rrjetin e pages\u00ebs s\u00eb tatimeve.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n
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15 dhjetor 2020
\n14:31<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

Seb Byty\u00e7i<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Ligji p\u00ebr Rim\u00ebk\u00ebmbjen Ekonomike \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb nga ligjet m\u00eb t\u00eb r\u00ebnd\u00ebsishme t\u00eb miratuara deri m\u00eb tash. Ky ligj \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb sip\u00ebrmarrje mjaft e madhe q\u00eb i rrit\u00eb obligimet e shtetit dhe do t\u00eb ket\u00eb pasoja mjaft t\u00eb m\u00ebdha p\u00ebr financat publike. K\u00ebtu do ta shqyrtoj p\u00ebrmbajtjen e k\u00ebtij ligji dhe at\u00eb se sa n\u00eb t\u00eb […]<\/p>","protected":false},"author":19,"featured_media":8935,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[9],"tags":[691],"ppma_author":[29],"class_list":["post-4868","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-opinion","tag-economy"],"authors":[{"term_id":29,"user_id":19,"is_guest":0,"slug":"seb-bytyci","display_name":"Seb Byty\u00e7i","avatar_url":{"url":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/1668771566235.jpg","url2x":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/1668771566235.jpg"},"user_url":"","last_name":"Byty\u00e7i","first_name":"Seb","description":"Dr. Seb Bytyci ka p\u00ebrvoj\u00eb udh\u00ebheq\u00ebse n\u00eb hulumtim shkencor dhe m\u00ebsimdh\u00ebnie p\u00ebr m\u00eb shum\u00eb se dy dekada, p\u00ebrfshir\u00eb angazhime me University of London\/LSE, University of York, University of Winchester, William College, IPOL Institute, si dhe Police Federation of England and Wales. Ai ka qen\u00eb gjithashtu i p\u00ebrfshir\u00eb n\u00eb avokim praktik dhe ka bashk\u00ebpunuar me organizata nd\u00ebrkomb\u00ebtare si OKB, UNDP dhe OSBE.\r\n\r\nSeb ka doktoratur\u00eb (PhD) nga University of York; nj\u00eb Master n\u00eb Administrat\u00eb Publike (MPA) n\u00eb Analiz\u00eb Politikash dhe \u00c7\u00ebshtje Krahasuese & Nd\u00ebrkomb\u00ebtare nga Indiana University (Bloomington), si dhe nj\u00eb MES n\u00eb Integrim Evropian dhe Rajonaliz\u00ebm nga University of Graz\/EIPA\/EURAC.\r\n\r\nHulumtimi i tij i doktoratur\u00ebs \u00ebsht\u00eb fokusuar n\u00eb institucionet n\u00eb vende n\u00eb tranzicion, nd\u00ebrsa fushat e tij t\u00eb interesit p\u00ebrfshijn\u00eb nd\u00ebrtimin e institucioneve efektive dhe lidershipin, \u00e7\u00ebshtjet e BE-s\u00eb dhe marr\u00ebdh\u00ebniet nd\u00ebrkomb\u00ebtare, zgjidhjen e konflikteve, shtetin zhvillimor dhe proceset e transformimit shoq\u00ebror."}],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/sr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4868","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/sr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/sr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/sr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/19"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/sr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=4868"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/sr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4868\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4869,"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/sr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4868\/revisions\/4869"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/sr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/8935"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/sr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=4868"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/sr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=4868"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/sr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=4868"},{"taxonomy":"author","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/sr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/ppma_author?post=4868"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}