{"id":5203,"date":"2015-12-29T16:57:50","date_gmt":"2015-12-29T14:57:50","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/?p=5203"},"modified":"2024-11-14T16:59:51","modified_gmt":"2024-11-14T14:59:51","slug":"nje-veshtrim-kritik-per-aktgjykimin-e-asociacionit","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/sr\/analize\/nje-veshtrim-kritik-per-aktgjykimin-e-asociacionit\/","title":{"rendered":"Nj\u00eb v\u00ebshtrim kritik p\u00ebr Aktgjykimin e Asociacionit"},"content":{"rendered":"
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Midis siguris\u00eb juridike dhe paqes politike, Gjykata Kushtetuese m\u00eb 23 dhjetor 2015 \u2013 vendosi p\u00ebr t\u00eb dyt\u00ebn \u2013 duke e \u201cbler\u00eb makiavelisht\u201d k\u00ebt\u00eb paqe, n\u00eb situat\u00ebn kritike, t\u00eb krijuar me shum\u00eb kallauz nga politikat legale t\u00eb saj, skajshm\u00ebrisht jomodeste.<\/p>\n

Jurisprudenca kushtetuese e Kosov\u00ebs n\u00eb 7 vitet e ekzistimit t\u00eb saj \u2013 ka riprodhuar si me pahir nj\u00eb standard ligjor t\u00eb etabluar nga GjND e quajtur asokohe \u201c[…] Permanente e Drejt\u00ebsis\u00eb\u201d n\u00eb rastin q\u00eb njihet si \u201cLotus\u201d n\u00eb vitin 1927; sipas t\u00eb cilit, vendosja meritore duhet t\u00eb b\u00ebhet mbi baz\u00ebn e parimit se, \u00e7ka nuk duhet dhe\/ose guxohet t\u00eb b\u00ebhet dhe jo \u00e7ka duhet dhe\/ose guxohet t\u00eb b\u00ebhet.<\/p>\n

Ky prodhim mekanik i drejt\u00ebsis\u00eb legjitimoi nj\u00eb xhevahir tjet\u00ebr juridik n\u00eb Kosov\u00eb \u2013 sipas t\u00eb cilit Asociacioni i Komunave me shumic\u00eb serbe (n\u00eb tekstin e m\u00ebtejm\u00eb: Asociacioni) lejohet kushtetutshm\u00ebrisht t\u00eb krijohet me disa kufizime legale, t\u00eb cilat n\u00eb \u201cMarr\u00ebveshjen e Parimeve\u201d t\u00eb n\u00ebnshkruar n\u00eb Bruksel nga dy kryeministrat respektiv, t\u00eb Kosov\u00ebs dhe Serbis\u00eb, Isa Mustafa dhe Aleksand\u00ebr Vu\u00e7i\u00e7 \u2013 e shkelin frym\u00ebn kushtetuese t\u00eb Republik\u00ebs s\u00eb Kosov\u00ebs por, jo edhe germ\u00ebn\/shkronj\u00ebn e saj.<\/p>\n

N\u00eb moralin kushtetues, ky Aktgjykim do t\u00eb p\u00ebrballet me tri sfida, t\u00eb cilat n\u00eb var\u00ebsi t\u00eb asaj q\u00eb njihet si arti i jurisprudenc\u00ebs, interpretimi \u2013 do t\u00eb ngaz\u00ebllejn\u00eb, k\u00ebnaqin, d\u00ebshp\u00ebrojn\u00eb apo irritojn\u00eb \u2013 pal\u00ebt t\u00eb cilat ky Akgjykim i afekton.<\/p>\n

Sfida #1: Mang\u00ebsit\u00eb dhe limitet e Aktgjykimit<\/strong><\/p>\n

Aktgjykimi i 23 dhjetorit p\u00ebrve\u00e7 se pajtoi shprehimisht dhe heshturazi t\u00eb gjith\u00eb elit\u00ebn politike kosovare (pozit\u00eb dhe opozit\u00eb) \u2013 ngjalli pasiguri edhe n\u00eb mesin e jurist\u00ebve kosovar\u00eb t\u00eb cil\u00ebt e rreshtuan pozicionimin e tyre profesional n\u00eb var\u00ebsi t\u00eb bindjeve, shkollave legale ose politike dhe me patjet\u00ebr edhe te krijimtaris\u00eb s\u00eb tyre akademike apo publike. Kritika themelore q\u00eb i b\u00ebhet legalisht \u2018per se\u2019 ketij Aktgjykimi, \u00ebsht\u00eb ajo e mosqart\u00ebsis\u00eb s\u00eb duhur n\u00eb, at\u00eb q\u00eb duhet t\u00eb jet\u00eb rregullim politik i Asociacionit n\u00eb faz\u00ebn e hartimit t\u00eb Statutit nga Qeveria e Kosov\u00ebs \u2013 dekreti i t\u00eb cilit duhet t\u00eb kontrollohet kushtetutshm\u00ebrisht nga Gjykata.<\/p>\n

N\u00eb p\u00ebrdorimin metaforik t\u00eb tez\u00ebs s\u00eb profesorit amerikan t\u00eb drejt\u00ebsis\u00eb, Mark Graber \u2013 Asociacioni tashm\u00eb mund t\u00eb quhet si nj\u00eb \u201cdreq kushtetues\u201d.N\u00eb nj\u00eb analogji t\u00eb till\u00eb provokuese \u2013 n\u00ebgjykimin tim, Gjykata Kushtetuese ka d\u00ebshtuar minimalisht t\u2019i sqaroj\u00eb dy pyetje themelore:<\/p>\n

S\u00eb pari, n\u00ebse Gjykata ka t\u00eb drejt\u00eb t\u00eb kontrolloj\u00eb dhe t\u00eb shqyrtoj\u00eb kushtetutshm\u00ebrin\u00eb, e asaj q\u00eb quhet, nj\u00eb akt m\u00eb fuqi me t\u00eb ul\u00ebt ligjore se Kushtetuta, por m\u00eb i lart\u00eb se Ligji, si\u00e7\u00ebsht\u00eb piramida kushtetuese kosovare e renditjes se marr\u00ebveshjeve nd\u00ebrkomb\u00ebtare n\u00eb t\u00eb drejt\u00ebn e brendshme. Pra, ajo ka d\u00ebshtuar t\u00eb p\u00ebrcaktoj\u00eb statusin ligjor dhe fush\u00ebveprimin e ketij akti juridik (Parimet e Asociacionit) n\u00eb sistemin ton\u00eb ligjor komb\u00ebtar.<\/p>\n

S\u00eb dyti, kjo Gjykat\u00eb e ka deformuar frym\u00ebn kushtetuese t\u00eb Kosov\u00ebs duke ia lejuar Asociacionit nj\u00eb shkall\u00eb t\u00eb caktuar t\u00eb diskriminimit p\u00ebr q\u00ebllime t\u00eb funksionimit efektiv t\u00eb tij.K\u00ebtu shoq\u00ebria jon\u00eb kosovare n\u00eb drit\u00ebn e k\u00ebtij Aktgjykimi p\u00ebrballet me\u00a0 me nj\u00eb dilem\u00eb t\u00eb madhe. Nga nj\u00ebra an\u00eb, udh\u00ebheq\u00ebsit politik t\u00eb Kosov\u00ebs d\u00ebshirojn\u00eb q\u00eb privilegjet t\u2019i krijojn\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u00eb gjith\u00eb an\u00ebtar\u00ebt e shoq\u00ebris\u00eb, pa dallim (shqiptar\u00eb, serb\u00eb, rom\u00eb, boshnjak\u00eb, turq, etj.) N\u00eb an\u00ebn tjet\u00ebr sipas logjik\u00ebs s\u00eb k\u00ebtij Asociacionit \u2013 t\u00eb cilin Gjykata e lejoi t\u00eb krijohet me eleganc\u00eb \u2013 disa an\u00ebtar\u00eb t\u00eb shoq\u00ebris\u00eb kosovare (serb\u00ebt) n\u00eb rrug\u00ebn drejt barazis\u00eb me t\u00eb tjer\u00ebt (shqiptar\u00ebt) lejohen t\u2019i arrijn\u00eb k\u00ebto privilegje p\u00ebrmes veprimit diskriminues. N\u00eb pik\u00ebpamjen time, Asociacioni bie n\u00eb kund\u00ebrshtim me k\u00ebt\u00eb pik\u00eb. Popullata serbe e Kosov\u00ebs lejohet nga ky Aktgjykim q\u00eb t\u00eb diskriminoj\u00eb dhe t\u00eb diskrimonohet n\u00eb \u00e7do gj\u00eb dhe nga \u00e7dokush \u2013 n\u00eb procesin e krijimit monoetnik t\u00eb nj\u00eb entiteti legal dhe politik, si\u00e7 \u00ebsht\u00eb ky Asociacion. N\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb drejtim, Gjykata ka l\u00ebshuar rastin q\u00eb t\u00eb sqaroj\u00eb n\u00ebse nj\u00eb grup i qytetar\u00ebve \u2013 mund t\u00eb p\u00ebrdor praktika t\u00eb padrejta diskriminimi n\u00eb kurriz t\u00eb nj\u00eb grupi tjet\u00ebr qytetar\u00ebsh.<\/p>\n

Sfida #2: Implementimi i Aktgjykimit \u2013 mision i pamundur<\/strong><\/p>\n

Dilema ime kryesore n\u00eb kuptimin legal \u00ebsht\u00eb n\u00ebse Marr\u00ebveshja e Parimeve p\u00ebrcakton lindjen e nj\u00eb t\u00eb drejte t\u00eb re n\u00eb kushtetuese\/ligjore p\u00ebr rendin ton\u00eb juridik, si\u00e7 Gjykata e ka lejuar t\u00eb ndodh, me \u201cdefektet\u201d e saj p\u00ebr frym\u00ebn kushtetuese.<\/p>\n

Gjykata, n\u00eb Aktgjykimin e saj, gjithashtu ka d\u00ebshtuar t\u00eb dalloj\u00eb karakterin multietnik t\u00eb shoq\u00ebris\u00eb son\u00eb dhe kjo n\u00ebnkupton mbrojtje t\u00eb barabart\u00eb p\u00ebr Asociacionin e Komunave me shumic\u00eb serbe \u2013 kompetenca t\u00eb nj\u00ebjta si p\u00ebr at\u00eb ekzistues, dometh\u00ebn\u00eb Asociacionin e Komunave t\u00eb Kosov\u00ebs. Krijimi i lejuar me kallauz nga Gjykata t\u00ebAsociacionit nuk e garanton k\u00ebt\u00eb barazi \u2013 prandaj k\u00ebto t\u00eb drejta t\u00eb garantuara me Kushtetut\u00eb nuk duhet t\u00eb jen\u00eb t\u00eb lira nga diskriminimi nga ana e shtetit. Gjykata, ka d\u00ebshtuar t\u00eb p\u00ebrcaktoj\u00eb nga fryma e Kushtetut\u00ebs s\u00eb Republik\u00ebs s\u00eb Kosov\u00ebs n\u00ebse dy Asociacione t\u00eb Komunave q\u00eb n\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb rast jan\u00eb monetnike, e lejojn\u00eb diskriminimin dhe n\u00ebse po, deri n\u00eb \u00e7\u2019mas\u00eb, nd\u00ebrkoh\u00eb ajo gabimisht u jep strehim t\u00eb barabart\u00eb n\u00eb sistemin ton\u00eb juridik.<\/p>\n

Gjykata, ka d\u00ebshtuar me k\u00ebt\u00eb Aktgjykim ta instaloj\u00eb doktrin\u00ebn juridike \u201ct\u00eb ve\u00e7ant\u00eb, por t\u00eb barabart\u00eb\u201d p\u00ebr t\u00eb dy Asociacionet. Nuk mund t\u00eb ndahet di\u00e7ka, duke mos i lejuar nj\u00ebkoh\u00ebsisht t\u00eb jen\u00eb t\u00eb barabart\u00eb. Asociacioni i komunave serbe \u00ebsht\u00eb i ndrysh\u00ebm nga ai i tanishmi i \u201c… komunave t\u00eb Kosov\u00ebs,\u201d si n\u00eb organizimin juridik t\u00eb tij poashtu edhe n\u00eb at\u00eb organizativ. Sipas mendimit tim kjo paraqet nj\u00eb padrejt\u00ebsi radikale. Sipas Profesorit Graber, n\u00eb nj\u00eb sistem kushtetues, n\u00eb t\u00eb cilin disa aktor\u00eb politik\u00eb besojn\u00eb se mbrojn\u00eb padrejt\u00ebsit\u00eb ose t\u00eb k\u00ebqijat e tilla, ai sistem kushtetues ose duhet rinegocuar ose duhet ndryshuar.<\/p>\n

P\u00ebr shkak t\u00eb mosakt\u00ebsis\u00eb s\u00eb Aktgjykimit \u2013 Qeveria n\u00eb momentin kur ta hartoj\u00eb Statutin e Asociacionit duhet t\u2019i ket\u00eb n\u00eb dor\u00eb kat\u00ebr dokumente: Marr\u00ebveshjen e Par\u00eb (prill 2013), Marr\u00ebveshjen e Parimeve (gusht 2015), Aktgjykimin e Gjykat\u00ebs Kushtetuese (dhjetor 2015) dhe vet Kushtetut\u00ebn e Kosov\u00ebs, t\u00eb cil\u00ebn do t\u00eb duhet ta riinterpretoj\u00eb, p\u00ebr shkak t\u00ebk\u00ebsaj mossakt\u00ebsie gjuh\u00ebsore\/juridike t\u00eb Aktgjykimit.<\/p>\n

K\u00ebt\u00eb rrethan\u00eb t\u00eb re juridike, Gjykata e stigmatizoi duke i dh\u00ebn\u00eb em\u00ebr t\u00eb keqes s\u00eb mir\u00eb dhe duke i dh\u00ebn\u00eb prelud nj\u00eb filozofie juridike p\u00ebr precedent\u00ebt e ardhsh\u00ebm q\u00eb do t\u00eb paraqesin rrezik p\u00ebr sistemin juridik t\u00eb Kosov\u00ebs.<\/p>\n

Me fjal\u00eb t\u00eb tjera, roli i Gjykat\u00ebs Kushtetuese, as nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb dhe as nuk duhet t\u00eb jet\u00eb, ai i garantimit t\u00eb qet\u00ebsis\u00eb politike n\u00eb Kosov\u00eb \u2013 por, roli i saj \u00ebsht\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u00eb krijuar dhe v\u00ebn\u00eb drejt\u00ebsi.<\/p>\n

Sfida #3: Marr\u00ebveshjet e ardhshme nd\u00ebrkomb\u00ebtare<\/strong><\/p>\n

Hendeku i krijuar midis t\u00eb drejt\u00ebs nd\u00ebrkomb\u00ebtare dhe asaj t\u00eb brendshme n\u00eb \u201csyrin\u201d legal t\u00eb Gjykat\u00ebs n\u00ebnkupton nd\u00ebr t\u00eb tjera, sipas k\u00ebtij Aktgjykimi se, secila marr\u00ebveshje e ardhshme nd\u00ebrkomb\u00ebtare, q\u00eb do t\u00eb lidhet nga Kosova \u2013 do t\u00eb kontrollohet p\u00ebr \u201cp\u00ebrputhshm\u00ebrin\u00eb\u201d ose legalitetin e saj kushtetues. K\u00ebtu Gjykata ia huq me nam e me nishan, duke mos i pranuar mjetet e t\u00eb drejt\u00ebs pozitive, n\u00eb interpretim t\u00eb s\u00eb cil\u00ebs, nevoja p\u00ebr ratifikim nga Kuvendi t\u00eb traktateve nd\u00ebrkomb\u00ebtare nuk do t\u00eb ekzistoj\u00eb.<\/p>\n

Gjykata nuk arrriti ta cil\u00ebsoj\u00eb natyr\u00ebn juridike te Dokumentit (Parimeve), por ajo ka konfirmuar faktin juridik q\u00eb tanim\u00eb njihet gjer\u00ebsisht se \u201cParimet\u201d rrjedhin nga Marr\u00ebveshja e Par\u00eb.<\/p>\n

Rikujtoj\u00eb se, Gjykata pati vendosur n\u00eb vitin Aktgjykimin KO 95\/13 t\u00eb 9 shtatorit 2013 se nuk ka jurisdiksion \u2018ratione materie\u2019 q\u00eb t\u00eb merret me Marr\u00ebveshjen e Par\u00eb, nd\u00ebrkoh\u00eb q\u00eb tani e b\u00ebn\u00eb t\u00eb nj\u00ebjt\u00ebn gj\u00eb, duke vler\u00ebsuar kushtetutshm\u00ebrin\u00eb e Parimeve, q\u00eb n\u00eb thelb don t\u00eb thot\u00eb se e \u201clegalizoi\u201d n\u00eb frym\u00eb dhe germ\u00eb Marr\u00ebveshjen e Par\u00eb t\u00eb 19 prillit 2013 midis Kosov\u00ebs dhe Serbis\u00eb, ku n\u00eb ironi t\u00eb fatit (sic!), s\u00ebrish e nj\u00ebjta gjyqtare raportuese vendosi me dy standarde t\u00eb ndryshme t\u00eb gjyq\u00ebsis\u00eb kushtetuese.<\/p>\n

K\u00ebshtu q\u00eb, Gjykata krijoi huti dhe rrjedhimisht pasiguri kushtetuese p\u00ebr sa i takon jurisdiksionit p\u00ebr t\u00eb vler\u00ebsuar kushtetutshm\u00ebrin\u00eb e marr\u00ebveshjeve nd\u00ebrkomb\u00ebtare p\u00ebr shkak t\u00eb supremacis\u00eb s\u00eb t\u00eb drejt\u00ebs nd\u00ebrkomb\u00ebtare karshi t\u00eb drejt\u00ebs s\u00eb brendshme.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Midis siguris\u00eb juridike dhe paqes politike, Gjykata Kushtetuese m\u00eb 23 dhjetor 2015 \u2013 vendosi p\u00ebr t\u00eb dyt\u00ebn \u2013 duke e \u201cbler\u00eb makiavelisht\u201d k\u00ebt\u00eb paqe, n\u00eb situat\u00ebn kritike, t\u00eb krijuar me shum\u00eb kallauz nga politikat legale t\u00eb saj, skajshm\u00ebrisht jomodeste. Jurisprudenca kushtetuese e Kosov\u00ebs n\u00eb 7 vitet e ekzistimit t\u00eb saj \u2013 ka riprodhuar si me […]<\/p>","protected":false},"author":332,"featured_media":10365,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[13],"tags":[1383,1527,972],"ppma_author":[344],"class_list":["post-5203","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-analize","tag-asociacioni","tag-gjykata-kushtetuese","tag-kosove"],"authors":[{"term_id":344,"user_id":332,"is_guest":0,"slug":"vigan-qorroli","display_name":"Vigan Qorrolli","avatar_url":{"url":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/1642085901720.jpg","url2x":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/1642085901720.jpg"},"user_url":"","last_name":"Qorrolli","first_name":"Vigan","description":"Vigan Qorrolli aktualisht sh\u00ebrben si z\u00ebvend\u00ebsminist\u00ebr i Drejt\u00ebsis\u00eb n\u00eb Qeverin\u00eb e Republik\u00ebs s\u00eb Kosov\u00ebs. Gjithashtu, ai ligj\u00ebron t\u00eb Drejt\u00ebn e Bashkimit Evropian, t\u00eb Drejt\u00ebn Nd\u00ebrkomb\u00ebtare Publike dhe Teorit\u00eb e Marr\u00ebdh\u00ebnieve Nd\u00ebrkomb\u00ebtare n\u00eb Fakultetin Juridik t\u00eb Universitetit t\u00eb Prishtin\u00ebs."}],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/sr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5203","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/sr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/sr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/sr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/332"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/sr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=5203"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/sr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5203\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":10366,"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/sr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5203\/revisions\/10366"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/sr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/10365"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/sr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=5203"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/sr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=5203"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/sr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=5203"},{"taxonomy":"author","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/sr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/ppma_author?post=5203"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}