{"id":5249,"date":"2016-03-16T18:37:57","date_gmt":"2016-03-16T16:37:57","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/?p=5249"},"modified":"2024-10-25T11:35:08","modified_gmt":"2024-10-25T09:35:08","slug":"politikisht-te-zhveshur-skanimi-trupor-dhe-te-drejtat-e-njeriut","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/sr\/analize\/politikisht-te-zhveshur-skanimi-trupor-dhe-te-drejtat-e-njeriut\/","title":{"rendered":"Politikisht t\u00eb zhveshur: skanimi trupor dhe t\u00eb drejtat e njeriut"},"content":{"rendered":"
\n

Sipas raportimeve t\u00eb fundit n\u00eb media, Kuvendi i Kosov\u00ebs ka iniciuar blerjen e skaner\u00ebve trupor\u00eb t\u00eb cil\u00ebt identifikojn\u00eb imt\u00ebsisht sendet e bartura n\u00eb trup. K\u00ebsisoj, Kuvendi dhe Qeveria synojn\u00eb ta zgjidhin problemin disamujor t\u00eb futjes s\u00eb bombolave t\u00eb gazit lotsjell\u00ebs. Edhe pse kjo mbase, pjes\u00ebrisht, do ta pengonte futjen e mundshme t\u00eb bombolave t\u00eb gazit n\u00eb Kuvend, n\u00eb an\u00ebn tjet\u00ebr do t\u00eb krijonte nj\u00eb tjet\u00ebr problem i cili jo vet\u00ebm q\u00eb bie ndesh me t\u00eb drejtat e njeriut, por edhe me aspiratat dhe synimet strategjike t\u00eb Kosov\u00ebs.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

Skaner\u00ebt trupor\u00eb q\u00eb do t\u00eb porositen nga Kuvendi, hetojn\u00eb objekte q\u00eb jan\u00eb n\u00eb trupin e njeriut duke shfaqur detajisht t\u00eb gjitha pjes\u00ebt e trupit, nj\u00ebjt\u00eb sikur personi t\u00eb q\u00ebndronte i zhveshur para oficerit t\u00eb siguris\u00eb. P\u00ebrve\u00e7 q\u00eb k\u00ebta skaner\u00eb shfaqin detajisht pjes\u00ebt dhe format e trupit, ata mund t\u00eb zbulojn\u00eb edhe parregullsi mjek\u00ebsore, implante t\u00eb ndryshme dhe shenja specifike n\u00eb l\u00ebkur\u00ebn e njeriut, duke e b\u00ebr\u00eb p\u00ebrdorimin e tyre shqet\u00ebsim p\u00ebr privat\u00ebsin\u00eb dhe t\u00eb drejtat e njeriut.<\/p>\n

Q\u00eb prej Platonit, e deri tek Dekarti, trupi dhe lakuriq\u00ebsia jan\u00eb par\u00eb si shkak i uljes s\u00eb njeriut tek niveli kafsh\u00ebror. K\u00ebsisoj, rrobat p\u00ebrve\u00e7 funksionit t\u00eb tyre mbrojt\u00ebs, n\u00eb kontekstin social kan\u00eb sh\u00ebrbyer si karakteristika m\u00eb themelore e dallimit mes njeriut dhe kafsh\u00ebve. [P\u00ebr m\u00eb shum\u00eb lexo Susan Bordo, Introduction: Feminism, Western Culture, and the Body, n\u00eb UNBEARABLE WEIGHT 1, 1\u201342 (1993)]<\/p>\n

P\u00ebrdorimi i skaner\u00ebve trupor\u00eb, p\u00ebrve\u00e7 se shkel r\u00ebnd\u00eb privat\u00ebsin\u00eb dhe krijon shqet\u00ebsim p\u00ebr dhunimin e t\u00eb drejtave t\u00eb njeriut, sh\u00ebrben edhe si form\u00eb e degradimit njer\u00ebzor, i cili bie ndesh me normat e krijuara sociale e kulturore dhe pa asnj\u00eb baz\u00eb juridike.<\/p>\n

Sidoqoft\u00eb, kjo mas\u00eb jo q\u00eb vet\u00ebm nuk e zgjidh konfliktin politik, por e ushqen edhe m\u00eb shum\u00eb at\u00eb, p\u00ebrderisa v\u00ebzhgimi m\u00eb shum\u00eb kontribuon n\u00eb riforcimin e marr\u00ebdh\u00ebnieve ekzistente sesa arrin t\u2019i ndryshoj\u00eb ato.<\/p>\n

P\u00ebrdorimi i k\u00ebtyre skaner\u00ebve n\u00eb Kuvend implikon shkelje n\u00eb t\u00eb drejt\u00ebn e respektimit t\u00eb jet\u00ebs private, t\u00eb drejt\u00ebs s\u00eb liris\u00eb s\u00eb mendimit, nd\u00ebrgjegjes dhe religjionit, t\u00eb drejt\u00ebn e trajtimit t\u00eb barabart\u00eb, dhe t\u00eb drejt\u00ebn e mbrojtjes s\u00eb t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave personale, dhe specifikisht bie ndesh me t\u00eb drejt\u00ebn e privat\u00ebsis\u00eb t\u00eb mbrojtur me Nenin 8 t\u00eb Konvent\u00ebs Europiane p\u00ebr t\u00eb Drejtat e Njeriut (ECHR), Nenin 7 t\u00eb Kart\u00ebs s\u00eb t\u00eb Drejtave Themelore t\u00eb Bashkimit Europian (CFREU), Nenin 17 t\u00eb Kart\u00ebs Nd\u00ebrkomb\u00ebtare p\u00ebr t\u00eb Drejtat Civile dhe Politike (ICCPR) dhe Nenin 29 t\u00eb Deklarat\u00ebs Universale p\u00ebr Mbrojtjen e t\u00eb Drejtave t\u00eb Njeriut (UDHR).<\/p>\n

K\u00ebshtu, k\u00ebta skaner\u00eb mund t\u00eb detektojn\u00eb imt\u00ebsisht form\u00ebn dhe madh\u00ebsin\u00eb e organeve seksuale tek meshkujt dhe gjoksit tek grat\u00eb, d\u00ebshmi p\u00ebr mastektomi, gjymtyr\u00ebt prostetike ose mbajt\u00ebsit e implantuar t\u00eb tyre, dhe informacion tjet\u00ebr mjek\u00ebsor, e deri tek detektimi i ciklit menstrual p\u00ebr shkak t\u00eb p\u00ebrdorimit t\u00eb tampon\u00ebve apo pecetave higjienike.<\/p>\n

Vet\u00eb privat\u00ebsia si nocion legal, rrjedh\u00eb nga nocioni kantian i dinjitetit njer\u00ebzor dhe i autonomis\u00eb personale, dhe p\u00ebrdorimi i mjeteve t\u00eb tilla v\u00eb n\u00eb pik\u00ebpyetje dhe dhunon edhe vet\u00eb dinjitetin njer\u00ebzor. Duke marr\u00eb parasysh informacionin mjek\u00ebsor q\u00eb skaner\u00ebt respektiv\u00eb jan\u00eb n\u00eb gjendje t\u00eb zbulojn\u00eb, mbrojtja e t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave mjek\u00ebsore, t\u00eb konsideruara e t\u00eb mbrojtura me ligj edhe n\u00eb Kosov\u00eb, sipas ECtHR n\u00eb\u00a0Z v. Finland\u00ebs<\/a>, p\u00ebrb\u00ebn \u201cr\u00ebnd\u00ebsi themelore n\u00eb g\u00ebzimin e t\u00eb drejt\u00ebs p\u00ebr t\u2019u respektuar jeta private dhe familjare\u201d. Askush nuk ka t\u00eb drejt\u00eb t\u00eb ket\u00eb qasje n\u00eb informacion t\u00eb till\u00eb personal p\u00ebrve\u00e7 n\u00eb rastet e rregulluara me ligj.<\/p>\n

Gjykata Europiane p\u00ebr t\u00eb Drejtat e Njeriut (ECtHR) nuk e ka kufizuar Nenin 8 p\u00ebr privat\u00ebsin\u00eb, duke i dh\u00ebn\u00eb k\u00ebshtu nj\u00eb interpretim t\u00eb gjer\u00eb, duke deklaruar se koncepti i \u201cjet\u00ebs private\u201d \u00ebsht\u00eb term i gjer\u00eb dhe jo koncept i shteruesh\u00ebm, q\u00eb p\u00ebrfshin integritetin fizik dhe psikologjik dhe p\u00ebrfaq\u00ebson aspekte t\u00eb shumta t\u00eb identitetit fizik dhe social t\u00eb personit. (shih: S and Marter v. Mbret\u00ebris\u00eb s\u00eb Bashkuar).<\/p>\n

Edhe ECtHR edhe K\u00ebshilli i OKB\u2019s p\u00ebr t\u00eb Drejtat e Njeriut kan\u00eb theksuar se duhet nd\u00ebrmarr\u00eb p\u00ebrkujdesje rigoroze (Wainwright v. Mbret\u00ebris\u00eb s\u00eb Bashkuar) dhe masa efektive (CCPR, GC No. 16) n\u00eb mbrojtje t\u00eb personave q\u00eb jan\u00eb subjekt i k\u00ebrkimit trupor, n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb q\u00eb privat\u00ebsia e tyre t\u00eb mos shkelet. (p\u00ebr t\u00eb dh\u00ebnat e zbuluara nga procesimi automatik shih: Council of Europe, Convention for the Protection of Individuals with regard to Automatic Processing of Personal Data, Strasbourg, 28 January 1981).<\/p>\n

Autoritetet kan\u00eb t\u00eb drejt\u00eb t\u00eb nd\u00ebrhyjn\u00eb n\u00eb jet\u00ebn private vet\u00ebm n\u00eb rastet e rregulluara me ligj, dhe sipas t\u00eb drejt\u00ebs nd\u00ebrkomb\u00ebtare legjislacioni q\u00eb lejon autoritetet t\u00eb kufizojn\u00eb privat\u00ebsin\u00eb n\u00eb kuptimin e Nenit 8(2) n\u00eb rrethana t\u00eb ve\u00e7anta dhe kur nj\u00eb gj\u00eb e till\u00eb paraqitet si e domosdoshme, duhet t\u00eb ket\u00eb baz\u00eb vet\u00ebm n\u00eb situatat e interesit dhe siguris\u00eb komb\u00ebtare dhe n\u00eb rastet e parandalimit t\u00eb vepr\u00ebs penale apo trazirave q\u00eb mund t\u00eb rrezikojn\u00eb rendin kushtetues dhe demokracin\u00eb, konfirmuar edhe nga ECtHR n\u00eb paragrafin 48 n\u00eb \u00e7\u00ebshtjen Klass dhe t\u00eb tjer\u00ebt v. Gjermanis\u00eb.<\/p>\n

T\u00eb gjitha masat q\u00eb i japin autoriteteve kompetenc\u00eb t\u00eb nd\u00ebrhyjn\u00eb n\u00eb t\u00eb drejt\u00ebn p\u00ebr respektimin e jet\u00ebs private dhe t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave personale duhet t\u00eb b\u00ebhen n\u00eb baz\u00eb t\u00eb ekzistenc\u00ebs eksplicite dhe t\u00eb detajuar t\u00eb normave legale q\u00eb rregullojn\u00eb \u00e7\u00ebshtjet lidhur me personin e autorizuar q\u00eb mund t\u00eb ket\u00eb qasje n\u00eb informacionin e caktuar, procedurat q\u00eb duhet t\u00eb ndi\u00e7en dhe natyr\u00ebn informacionit t\u00eb marr\u00eb, dhe kjo kur k\u00ebto masa t\u00eb marra jan\u00eb t\u00eb autorizuara dhe p\u00ebrb\u00ebjn\u00eb shqet\u00ebsim p\u00ebr sigurin\u00eb komb\u00ebtare. (shih: ECtHR Rotaru v. Romania)<\/p>\n

Aksionet e opozit\u00ebs n\u00eb kuvend, deri tani nuk jan\u00eb klasifikuar as si vep\u00ebr penale as si rrezikim i rendit kushtetues apo i siguris\u00eb komb\u00ebtare, apo nuk krijojn\u00eb ndonj\u00eb rrethan\u00eb q\u00eb do ta b\u00ebnte t\u00eb ligjshme nj\u00eb nd\u00ebrhyrje t\u00eb till\u00eb n\u00eb privat\u00ebsin\u00eb e deputet\u00ebve dhe pun\u00ebtor\u00ebve t\u00eb kuvendit.<\/p>\n

Rrjedhimisht, nuk ekziston asnj\u00eb baz\u00eb legale q\u00eb do ta b\u00ebnte t\u00eb ligjshme vendosjen e skaner\u00ebve trupor\u00eb n\u00eb kuvend, dhe legjislacioni aktual nuk arrin ta konstituoj\u00eb nj\u00eb baz\u00eb legale p\u00ebr veprime t\u00eb tilla. N\u00eb munges\u00eb t\u00eb nj\u00eb legjislacioni t\u00eb till\u00eb, vendosja e k\u00ebtyre skaner\u00ebve do t\u2019i shkelte konventat nd\u00ebrkomb\u00ebtare p\u00ebr t\u00eb drejtat e njeriut, t\u00eb cilat Kosova i ka pranuar me kushtetut\u00eb, dhe t\u00eb cilat kan\u00eb aplikueshm\u00ebri direkte n\u00eb legjislacionin e Kosov\u00ebs. N\u00eb arsyetimin p\u00ebr vendosjen e skaner\u00ebve nuk mund t\u00eb gjendet baz\u00eb q\u00eb do t\u00eb legjitimonte nj\u00eb derogim t\u00eb mundsh\u00ebm sipas Nenit 8(2) ECHR.<\/p>\n

Edhe n\u00ebse nj\u00eb baz\u00eb juridike e till\u00eb do t\u00eb ekzistonte, n\u00eb rastin e Kosov\u00ebs arsyetimi nuk do t\u00eb p\u00ebrmbushte kriteret q\u00eb nj\u00eb akt i till\u00eb t\u00eb jet\u00eb n\u00eb pajtim me Nenin 8 t\u00eb ECHR. Si shembull kemi \u00e7\u00ebshtjen Gillan dhe Quinton v. Mbret\u00ebris\u00eb s\u00eb Bashkuar ku gjykata nj\u00ebz\u00ebri konstatoi q\u00eb Ligji i MB p\u00ebr Terrorizmin, i vitit 2000, \u00ebsht\u00eb shkelje e Nenit 8 p\u00ebr arsye se principi \u201cn\u00eb pajtim me ligjin\u201d i k\u00ebtij neni nuk ishte realizuar. Prandaj, edhe n\u00ebse baza legale specifikisht p\u00ebr k\u00ebt\u00eb rast do t\u00eb ishte evidente ajo do t\u00eb ishte n\u00eb kund\u00ebrshtim me standardet nd\u00ebrkomb\u00ebtare.<\/p>\n

P\u00ebrve\u00e7 se vendosja e skaner\u00ebve trupor\u00eb, n\u00eb Kuvend, do t\u00eb shkelte marr\u00ebveshjet nd\u00ebrkomb\u00ebtare si dhe standardet e t\u00eb drejtave t\u00eb njeriut, nj\u00eb gjest i till\u00eb nuk do t\u00eb ishte n\u00eb pajtim me Nenin 22, 23, 26, 36, 38 dhe 51 t\u00eb Kushtetut\u00ebs s\u00eb Republik\u00ebs s\u00eb Kosov\u00ebs.<\/p>\n

Meq\u00eb nj\u00eb nd\u00ebr prioritetet e politik\u00ebs s\u00eb jashtme t\u00eb Republik\u00ebs s\u00eb Kosov\u00ebs \u00ebsht\u00eb an\u00ebtar\u00ebsimi n\u00eb K\u00ebshillin e Europ\u00ebs, nj\u00eb veprim i till\u00eb do t\u00eb linte pasoja n\u00eb kuad\u00ebr t\u00eb p\u00ebrpjekjeve dhe progresit p\u00ebr an\u00ebtar\u00ebsim.<\/p>\n

Bashkimi Europian, e ka ndaluar p\u00ebrdorimin e k\u00ebtyre skaner\u00ebve brenda territorit t\u00eb saj, n\u00eb baz\u00eb t\u00eb shqet\u00ebsimeve p\u00ebr sigurin\u00eb dhe sh\u00ebndetin, p\u00ebrmes rregullores s\u00eb Komisionit Europian t\u00eb vitit 2011, n\u00eb kuad\u00ebr t\u00eb mund\u00ebsis\u00eb q\u00eb ekspozimi i individ\u00ebve ndaj skanerit t\u00eb rris\u00eb gjas\u00ebn e zhvillimit t\u00eb kancerit t\u00eb l\u00ebkur\u00ebs.<\/p>\n

Duke konsideruar se nd\u00ebr interesat primar\u00eb t\u00eb Republik\u00ebs s\u00eb Kosov\u00ebs \u00ebsht\u00eb an\u00ebtar\u00ebsimi n\u00eb Bashkimin Europian, nj\u00eb hap i till\u00eb do ta stagnonte Kosov\u00ebn n\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb proces. Gjykata Europiane e Drejt\u00ebsis\u00eb n\u00eb \u00e7\u00ebshtjen Kadi v. K\u00ebshillit dhe Komisionit t\u00eb BE, mori q\u00ebndrimin q\u00eb edhe provizioneve me nj\u00eb baz\u00eb sip\u00ebrfaq\u00ebsore n\u00eb t\u00eb drejt\u00ebn europiane mund t\u00eb jen\u00eb n\u00eb kund\u00ebrshtim me vet\u00eb t\u00eb drejt\u00ebn europiane, si pasoj\u00eb e munges\u00ebs s\u00eb kualitetit t\u00eb ligjit q\u00eb mund t\u00eb jet\u00eb n\u00eb kund\u00ebrshtim me standardet europiane p\u00ebr t\u00eb drejtat e njeriut. Dhe rrjedhimisht nj\u00eb veprim i till\u00eb i qeveris\u00eb dhe i kuvendit q\u00eb nuk i p\u00ebrmbush kriteret, t\u00eb jet\u00eb \u201cn\u00eb pajtim me ligjin\u201d, \u00ebsht\u00eb kund\u00ebr praktikave dhe normave europiane.<\/p>\n

Po ashtu, Neni 6 i Traktatit p\u00ebr Unionin Europian e konsideron Kart\u00ebn e BE-s\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u00eb Drejtat Fundamentale si t\u00eb barabart\u00eb p\u00ebr nga vlera dhe fuqia juridike me Traktet e BE-s\u00eb.<\/p>\n

Kosova si shtet ka p\u00ebr obligim t\u00eb respektoj\u00eb, t\u00eb mbroj\u00eb dhe t\u00eb p\u00ebrmbush\u00eb t\u00eb drejtat e njeriut, obligim i cili \u00ebsht\u00eb parapar\u00eb edhe n\u00eb preambul\u00ebn dhe nenet 55 dhe 56 t\u00eb Kart\u00ebs s\u00eb Kombeve t\u00eb Bashkuara.<\/p>\n

K\u00ebsisoj, vendosja e skaner\u00ebve trupor\u00eb, n\u00eb Kuvend, nuk p\u00ebrkon me standardet demokratike dhe \u00ebsht\u00eb n\u00eb kund\u00ebrshtim me instrumentet dhe standardet nd\u00ebrkomb\u00ebtare p\u00ebr t\u00eb drejtat e njeriut, me Kushtetut\u00ebn e Republik\u00ebs s\u00eb Kosov\u00ebs, e rrjedhimisht edhe me interesat e shtetit t\u00eb Kosov\u00ebs.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Sipas raportimeve t\u00eb fundit n\u00eb media, Kuvendi i Kosov\u00ebs ka iniciuar blerjen e skaner\u00ebve trupor\u00eb t\u00eb cil\u00ebt identifikojn\u00eb imt\u00ebsisht sendet e bartura n\u00eb trup. K\u00ebsisoj, Kuvendi dhe Qeveria synojn\u00eb ta zgjidhin problemin disamujor t\u00eb futjes s\u00eb bombolave t\u00eb gazit lotsjell\u00ebs. Edhe pse kjo mbase, pjes\u00ebrisht, do ta pengonte futjen e mundshme t\u00eb bombolave t\u00eb gazit […]<\/p>","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":9069,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[13],"tags":[664],"ppma_author":[867],"class_list":["post-5249","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-analize","tag-kosovo"],"authors":[{"term_id":867,"user_id":0,"is_guest":1,"slug":"arber-ahmeti","display_name":"Arb\u00ebr Ahmeti","avatar_url":{"url":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/Arber-Ahmeti.jpeg","url2x":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/Arber-Ahmeti.jpeg"},"user_url":"","last_name":"","first_name":"","description":"Arb\u00ebr Ahmeti \u00ebsht\u00eb jurist dhe hulumtues me specializim n\u00eb t\u00eb drejt\u00ebn nd\u00ebrkomb\u00ebtare. Interesat e tij studimore jan\u00eb n\u00eb fush\u00ebn e t\u00eb drejt\u00ebs dhe siguris\u00eb nd\u00ebrkomb\u00ebtare, drejt\u00ebsis\u00eb penale dhe t\u00eb drejt\u00ebs humanitare, si dhe n\u00eb t\u00eb drejt\u00ebn n\u00eb shtetet e dala nga konfliktet. Ai ka qen\u00eb hulumtues i ftuar n\u00eb Institutin p\u00ebr Paqe dhe Menaxhim t\u00eb Konflikteve n\u00eb Akademin\u00eb Komb\u00ebtare t\u00eb Mbrojtjes n\u00eb Austri ku ka mbuluar Kosov\u00ebn dhe Ballkanin Per\u00ebndimor, si dhe kontribuues n\u00eb Raportet e Oksfordit p\u00ebr t\u00eb Drejt\u00ebn Nd\u00ebrkomb\u00ebtare ku mbulon juridiksionin e Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb."}],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/sr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5249","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/sr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/sr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/sr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/sr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=5249"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/sr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5249\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":9181,"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/sr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5249\/revisions\/9181"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/sr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/9069"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/sr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=5249"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/sr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=5249"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/sr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=5249"},{"taxonomy":"author","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/sr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/ppma_author?post=5249"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}