{"id":5582,"date":"2020-06-30T09:56:57","date_gmt":"2020-06-30T07:56:57","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/?p=5582"},"modified":"2024-10-24T09:58:58","modified_gmt":"2024-10-24T07:58:58","slug":"integrimi-gjinor-ne-pergjigjen-ndaj-covid-19-ne-kosove","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/sr\/analize\/integrimi-gjinor-ne-pergjigjen-ndaj-covid-19-ne-kosove\/","title":{"rendered":"Integrimi gjinor n\u00eb p\u00ebrgjigjen ndaj COVID-19 n\u00eb Kosov\u00eb"},"content":{"rendered":"
\n

Tashm\u00eb e njohur e pamohueshme, pandemia COVID-19 paraqet rrezik serioz p\u00ebr sh\u00ebndetin publik n\u00eb p\u00ebrgjith\u00ebsi.\u00a0 Me mbi 480 mij\u00eb t\u00eb vdekur deri m\u00eb tani n\u00ebp\u00ebr bot\u00eb, shohim q\u00eb virusi nuk njeh kufi. Megjithat\u00eb, p\u00ebrkund\u00ebr natyr\u00ebs globale t\u00eb tij, dallimet brenda kufijve n\u00eb pasojat si rezultat i pandemis\u00eb jan\u00eb leht\u00eb t\u00eb v\u00ebrejtshme nd\u00ebr shtete.<\/p>\n

N\u00eb fakt, vendet n\u00eb zhvillim dhe ato t\u00eb n\u00ebnzhvilluara jan\u00eb m\u00eb r\u00ebnd\u00eb t\u00eb goditura nga kriza sh\u00ebndet\u00ebsore \u2013 kjo p\u00ebr shkak t\u00eb munges\u00ebs s\u00eb theksuar t\u00eb resurseve dhe infrastruktur\u00ebs sanitare p\u00ebr t\u00eb parandaluar p\u00ebrhapjen e pandemis\u00eb, si dhe sistemeve t\u00eb dob\u00ebta sh\u00ebndet\u00ebsore p\u00ebr t\u00eb ofruar trajtim t\u00eb duhur mjek\u00ebsor p\u00ebr rastet e infektimit.<\/p>\n

P\u00ebr m\u00eb tep\u00ebr, pandemia COVID-19 v\u00eb p\u00ebr s\u00eb af\u00ebrti n\u00eb pah pabarazit\u00eb ekzistuese sociale dhe gjinore n\u00eb shoq\u00ebri. \u00a0Efektet sh\u00ebndet\u00ebsore, ekonomike, politike e sociale t\u00eb shkaktuara nga kriza sh\u00ebndet\u00ebsore ndikojn\u00eb duksh\u00ebm m\u00eb r\u00ebnd\u00eb te grat\u00eb dhe vajzat.<\/p>\n

Hulumtimet tregojn\u00eb se grat\u00eb dhe vajzat jan\u00eb kategori skajshm\u00ebrisht\u00a0 t\u00eb cenueshme p\u00ebrgjat\u00eb emergjencave t\u00eb tilla sh\u00ebndet\u00ebsore. Me resurset shtet\u00ebrore t\u00eb dedikuara n\u00eb mir\u00ebmbajtjen e sh\u00ebndetit publik dhe menaxhimit t\u00eb shp\u00ebrhapjes s\u00eb rasteve t\u00eb infektimit, nevojat specifike t\u00eb grave lihen anash. Grave u pengohet qasja e sigurt n\u00eb sh\u00ebrbime mjek\u00ebsore p\u00ebr sh\u00ebndetin seksual dhe at\u00eb riprodhues, u zvog\u00eblohet qasja n\u00eb pun\u00eb dhe sigurimin e t\u00eb ardhurave. Privohen nga k\u00ebshillimi psiko-social, dhe rrezikojn\u00eb abuzimin n\u00eb ambiente t\u00eb dhunshme familjare. N\u00eb kriza t\u00eb tilla, grave u rritet barra e p\u00ebrkujdesit ndaj familjes dhe f\u00ebmij\u00ebve, si dhe u shtohet puna e papaguar n\u00eb sht\u00ebpi.<\/p>\n

Marr\u00eb parasysh p\u00ebrvoj\u00ebn e v\u00ebshtir\u00eb t\u00eb Kosov\u00ebs n\u00eb tejkalimin e kriz\u00ebs humanitare pas luft\u00ebs s\u00eb fundit, dhe efektet katastrofale t\u00eb saj n\u00eb mir\u00ebqenien e grave \u2013 efekte t\u00eb cilat ende po trajtohen, shoq\u00ebria civile ishte e shpejt\u00eb n\u00eb adresimin e implikimeve t\u00eb mundshme gjinore t\u00eb COVID-19 n\u00eb Kosov\u00eb. Duke e njohur mir\u00eb munges\u00ebn e drejt\u00ebsis\u00eb shoq\u00ebrore dhe barazis\u00eb familjare n\u00eb vendin ton\u00eb, duke ditur pozit\u00ebn e r\u00ebnduar t\u00eb grave n\u00eb ekonomi, u dhan\u00eb rekomandime konkrete p\u00ebr politika dhe masa leht\u00ebsuese t\u00eb cilat i sh\u00ebrbejn\u00eb nevojave t\u00eb grave gjat\u00eb dhe pas tejkalimit t\u00eb emergjenc\u00ebs sh\u00ebndet\u00ebsore.<\/p>\n

Qysh n\u00eb fillim t\u00eb p\u00ebrhapjes s\u00eb pandemis\u00eb, Qeveris\u00eb s\u00eb Kosov\u00ebs iu rekomandua analiz\u00eb e holl\u00eb gjith\u00ebp\u00ebrfshir\u00ebse dhe me dimension gjinor, n\u00eb identifikimin e nevojave t\u00eb grupeve t\u00eb margjinalizuara, n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb q\u00eb pabarazia gjinore t\u00eb mos thellohet si rezultat i pandemis\u00eb (shih D4D,\u00a0<\/em>Implikimet e mundshme gjinore t\u00eb COVID-19 n\u00eb Kosov\u00eb<\/em><\/a>, mars 2020)<\/em>.<\/p>\n

Mir\u00ebpo, sa n\u00eb fakt pat\u00ebn integrim gjinor disa nga masat e Qeveris\u00eb gjat\u00eb pandemis\u00eb?<\/p>\n

Grat\u00eb n\u00eb tregun e pun\u00ebs<\/strong><\/p>\n

Bazuar n\u00eb pasqyr\u00ebn ekzistuese socio-ekonomike t\u00eb grave n\u00eb Kosov\u00eb, u b\u00eb thirrje q\u00eb t\u00eb hartohet plan emergjent p\u00ebr p\u00ebrballimin e pasojave ekonomike t\u00eb COVID-19 p\u00ebr grat\u00eb, p\u00ebrfshir\u00eb ato nga minoritetet etnike. \u00a0Megjith\u00ebse ende mungojn\u00eb t\u00eb dh\u00ebna zyrtare p\u00ebr ndikimin real t\u00eb pandemis\u00eb n\u00eb tregun e pun\u00ebs, kriza tashm\u00eb e ndjer\u00eb ekonomike me shum\u00eb mund\u00ebsi do t\u00eb zvog\u00ebloj\u00eb mund\u00ebsit\u00eb e pun\u00ebsimit t\u00eb grave n\u00eb Kosov\u00eb dhe mund t\u00eb rezultoj\u00eb me humbje masive t\u00eb vendeve t\u00eb pun\u00ebs n\u00eb sektorin privat, aty ku 50% e grave n\u00eb fuqi pun\u00ebtore jan\u00eb t\u00eb pun\u00ebsuara.<\/p>\n

Me norm\u00eb tejet t\u00eb ul\u00ebt t\u00eb pun\u00ebsimit t\u00eb grave (13%), joaktivitet enorm n\u00eb treg t\u00eb pun\u00ebs (79%), me nj\u00eb n\u00eb tri gra t\u00eb pun\u00ebsuara n\u00eb sektor privat pa kontrat\u00eb pune, si dhe me vet\u00ebm 11% t\u00eb bizneseve t\u00eb grave, mosadresimi i sfidave t\u00eb grave n\u00eb fuqin\u00eb pun\u00ebtore tashm\u00eb t\u00eb goditur nga pandemia, mund t\u00eb shkaktoj\u00eb d\u00ebme t\u00eb m\u00ebdha e v\u00ebshtir\u00eb t\u00eb riparueshme.<\/p>\n

N\u00eb 15 masat n\u00eb Pakon Emergjente Fiskale p\u00ebr zbutjen e rreziqeve t\u00eb papun\u00ebsis\u00eb t\u00eb prezantuara n\u00eb fund mars 2020 nga Qeveria e Kosov\u00ebs, sfidat specifike t\u00eb n\u00ebnp\u00ebrfaq\u00ebsimit aktual dhe rreziqet strukturore n\u00eb (mos) pun\u00ebsimin e grave nuk u identifikuan. P\u00ebrgjigje gjinore nuk mori as \u00e7\u00ebshtja e lejes s\u00eb lehonis\u00eb p\u00ebr grat\u00eb shtat\u00ebz\u00ebna dhe ato lehona.<\/p>\n

Barra e p\u00ebrkujdesit ndaj familjes dhe f\u00ebmij\u00ebve<\/strong><\/p>\n

Masat e Qeveris\u00eb p\u00ebr mbyllje dhe vetizolim t\u00eb qytetar\u00ebve, megjith\u00ebse t\u00eb menduara n\u00eb t\u00eb mir\u00eb t\u00eb sh\u00ebndetit publik, ndikojn\u00eb ndryshe te grat\u00eb. Q\u00ebndrimi i mbyllur n\u00eb sht\u00ebpi zakonisht n\u00ebnkupton m\u00eb shum\u00eb obligime familjare p\u00ebr grat\u00eb n\u00eb p\u00ebrkujdesin ndaj familjes e sidomos f\u00ebmij\u00ebve, si dhe rritje e pun\u00ebs s\u00eb papaguar n\u00eb sht\u00ebpi. Impakti i barr\u00ebs s\u00eb till\u00eb, ndikon negativisht n\u00eb sh\u00ebndetin fizik, emocional, dhe mendor t\u00eb grave.<\/p>\n

P\u00ebr t\u00eb zbutur pik\u00ebrisht pabarazin\u00eb dhe hendekun gjinor n\u00eb obligimet e sht\u00ebpis\u00eb brenda familjeve kosovare\u00a0(kujtojm\u00eb q\u00eb burrat n\u00eb Kosov\u00eb kalojn\u00eb vet\u00ebm 1 or\u00eb e 10 minuta n\u00eb dit\u00eb n\u00eb pun\u00eb t\u00eb sht\u00ebpis\u00eb dhe p\u00ebrkujdesje ndaj f\u00ebmij\u00ebve, krahas 7 or\u00ebve q\u00eb grat\u00eb kalojn\u00eb n\u00eb k\u00ebto aktivitete, [MCC, 2018]),<\/em>\u00a0u mor vendim q\u00eb prind\u00ebrit pun\u00ebtor\u00eb t\u00eb sektor\u00ebve esencial\u00eb t\u00eb vendosin vet se cili mund t\u00eb dal\u00eb n\u00eb pun\u00eb e cili t\u00eb rrij\u00eb n\u00eb sht\u00ebpi.<\/p>\n

Pasiq\u00eb nuk kemi t\u00eb dh\u00ebna p\u00ebr t\u00eb par\u00eb sa n\u00eb fakt \u00ebsht\u00eb realizuar kjo \u2013 nuk kemi t\u00eb dh\u00ebna sa d\u00ebnime jan\u00eb shqiptuar p\u00ebr bizneset t\u00eb cilat nuk kan\u00eb respektuar k\u00ebt\u00eb mas\u00eb, \u00ebsht\u00eb e v\u00ebshtir\u00eb t\u00eb kuptojm\u00eb n\u00ebs\u00eb kjo ka gjetur zbatim. K\u00ebtu edhe q\u00ebndron problemi. Integrimi gjinor n\u00eb politika nuk p\u00ebrfundon me p\u00ebrpilimin e tyre. Integrimi gjinor duhet t\u00eb jet\u00eb q\u00ebndror gjat\u00eb t\u00ebr\u00eb procesit t\u00eb politik\u00ebb\u00ebrjes, p\u00ebrfshir\u00eb edhe monitorimin dhe sigurimin e zbatimit t\u00eb tyre.<\/p>\n

Dhuna n\u00eb familje<\/strong><\/p>\n

Pandemia COVID-19 n\u00eb Kosov\u00eb u shoq\u00ebrua edhe me epidemi t\u00eb dhun\u00ebs familjare n\u00eb baz\u00eb gjinore. R\u00ebndom n\u00eb kriza t\u00eb tilla emergjente, rritja e tensionit brenda familjes p\u00ebr shkak t\u00eb stresit ekonomik dhe panikut nga frika e virusit, shton edhe rastet e dhun\u00ebs n\u00eb familje. Si pasoj\u00eb e mostrajtimit t\u00eb shpejt\u00eb dhe t\u00eb duhur t\u00eb k\u00ebsaj problematike, grave dhe vajzave n\u00eb ambiente t\u00eb mbyllura dhe abuzive, u cenohet sh\u00ebndeti fizik dhe mendor, e n\u00eb raste m\u00eb t\u00eb r\u00ebnda, edhe jeta.<\/p>\n

Vet\u00ebm gjat\u00eb muajit mars 2020, n\u00eb Policin\u00eb e Kosov\u00ebs (PK) jan\u00eb raportuar 169 raste t\u00eb dhun\u00ebs n\u00eb familje – 36% m\u00eb shum\u00eb krahasuar me muajin mars t\u00eb vitit paraprak. 167 raste t\u00eb tilla u raportuan n\u00eb muajin prill (Policia e Kosov\u00ebs).<\/p>\n

Adresimi institucional nuk mungoi. Kishte kuptueshm\u00ebri dhe ndjeshm\u00ebri gjinore p\u00ebr ndikimin e pandemis\u00eb n\u00eb rritjen e k\u00ebtij fenomeni n\u00eb masat e nd\u00ebrmara. U b\u00ebn\u00eb fushata sensibilizuese p\u00ebr t\u00eb parandaluar dhun\u00ebn, dhe p\u00ebr t\u00eb k\u00ebrkuar ndihm\u00eb. U hap\u00ebn linja t\u00eb reja emergjente, kurse ato ekzistuese u mir\u00ebbajt\u00ebn e iu adaptuan situat\u00ebs, kjo p\u00ebr t\u00eb mos u penguar raportimi dhe trajtimi i rasteve t\u00eb dhun\u00ebs n\u00eb familje. Nevojat dhe mir\u00ebqenia e grave ishin qendrore n\u00eb p\u00ebrgjigjen institucionale n\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb rast, edhe pse problemi nuk mbaron k\u00ebtu.<\/p>\n

Pandemia COVID-19 ende nuk ka p\u00ebrfunduar. Me gjith\u00eb nivelin e pak\u00ebnaqsh\u00ebm t\u00eb trajtimit t\u00eb \u00e7\u00ebshtjeve specifike t\u00eb grave n\u00eb masat emergjente t\u00eb nd\u00ebrmara deri m\u00eb tani, ato nuk duhet t\u00eb shihen t\u00eb p\u00ebrfunduara,\u00a0 t\u00eb pap\u00ebrmir\u00ebsueshme ose t\u00eb panegociushme. Trajtimi i pasojave te thella nd\u00ebr gra si rezultat i k\u00ebsaj pandemie duhet t\u00eb jen\u00eb prioritet qeveritar p\u00ebr vitet q\u00eb vijn\u00eb.<\/p>\n

T\u00eb dh\u00ebnat (e munguara) p\u00ebr efektshm\u00ebrin\u00eb e masave t\u00eb Pakos Emergjente Fiskale duhet t\u00eb prezantohen, dhe duhet t\u00eb jen\u00eb t\u00eb ndara p\u00ebr gjini. Rivler\u00ebsimi i efektshm\u00ebris\u00eb s\u00eb pakos s\u00eb par\u00eb p\u00ebr grat\u00eb n\u00eb ekonomi, duhet t\u00eb jet\u00eb thelb\u00ebsor n\u00eb dizajnimin e masave p\u00ebrcjell\u00ebse t\u00eb cilat marrin parasysh adresimin e nevojave t\u00eb tyre dhe zbusin pabarazit\u00eb ekzistuese.<\/p>\n

Prioritet duhet t\u00eb mbetet analiza e thukt\u00eb gjinore dhe gjith\u00ebp\u00ebrfshir\u00ebse n\u00eb pakot e rim\u00ebk\u00ebmbjes ekonomike n\u00eb Kosov\u00eb. N\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb q\u00eb ato t\u00eb jen\u00eb efektive dhe eficiente p\u00ebr nevojat e grave, planifikimi, politik\u00ebb\u00ebrja dhe buxhetimi i rim\u00ebk\u00ebmbjes duhet t\u00eb ken\u00eb integrim gjinor. Barrierat e grave n\u00eb tregun e pun\u00ebs, mbrojtja e vobekt\u00eb sociale p\u00ebr grat\u00eb n\u00eb fuqin\u00eb pun\u00ebtore, duhet t\u00eb adresohen me prioritet n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb q\u00eb hendeku i thell\u00eb ekzistues gjinor n\u00eb d\u00ebm t\u00eb grave t\u00eb mos rritet si pasoj\u00eb e pandemis\u00eb.<\/p>\n

Sado q\u00eb thuhet shpesh, asnj\u00ebher\u00eb nuk mund t\u00eb thuhet mjaftuesh\u00ebm, q\u00eb grat\u00eb duhet t\u00eb p\u00ebrfshihen n\u00eb \u00e7do proces politikb\u00ebr\u00ebs n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb qe t\u2019u realizohen t\u00eb drejtat dhe interesat e tyre.<\/p>\n

—–<\/p>\n

Ky editorial \u00ebsht\u00eb pjes\u00eb e projektit \u201cP\u00ebrgjigje e shpejt\u00eb ndaj pandemis\u00eb COVID-19 \u2013 mb\u00ebshtetja e grupeve m\u00eb t\u00eb cenueshme te grave\u201d i iniciuar dhe financuar nga Fondacioni i Kosov\u00ebs p\u00ebr Shoq\u00ebri t\u00eb Hapur, q\u00eb implementohet nga Forumi Ekonomik i Grave<\/em>.<\/p>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Tashm\u00eb e njohur e pamohueshme, pandemia COVID-19 paraqet rrezik serioz p\u00ebr sh\u00ebndetin publik n\u00eb p\u00ebrgjith\u00ebsi.\u00a0 Me mbi 480 mij\u00eb t\u00eb vdekur deri m\u00eb tani n\u00ebp\u00ebr bot\u00eb, shohim q\u00eb virusi nuk njeh kufi. Megjithat\u00eb, p\u00ebrkund\u00ebr natyr\u00ebs globale t\u00eb tij, dallimet brenda kufijve n\u00eb pasojat si rezultat i pandemis\u00eb jan\u00eb leht\u00eb t\u00eb v\u00ebrejtshme nd\u00ebr shtete. N\u00eb fakt, […]<\/p>","protected":false},"author":323,"featured_media":9075,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[13],"tags":[646,1529,972,1186],"ppma_author":[335],"class_list":["post-5582","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-analize","tag-covid-19","tag-integrimi-gjinor","tag-kosove","tag-pandemia"],"authors":[{"term_id":335,"user_id":323,"is_guest":0,"slug":"valeza-zogjani","display_name":"Val\u00ebza Zogjani","avatar_url":{"url":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/valeza-e1729757382649.jpg","url2x":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/valeza-e1729757382649.jpg"},"user_url":"","last_name":"Zogjani","first_name":"Val\u00ebza","description":"Val\u00ebza \u00ebsht\u00eb politologe dhe punon si menaxhere e projektit n\u00eb Institutin Demokraci p\u00ebr Zhvillim (D4D). Si p\u00ebrfituese e burs\u00ebs studimore nga Instituti Suedez, ka kryer studimet Master n\u00eb Universitetin e Link\u00f6ping n\u00eb Suedi p\u00ebr shkenca politike."}],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/sr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5582","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/sr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/sr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/sr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/323"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/sr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=5582"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/sr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5582\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":9076,"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/sr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5582\/revisions\/9076"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/sr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/9075"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/sr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=5582"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/sr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=5582"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/sr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=5582"},{"taxonomy":"author","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/sr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/ppma_author?post=5582"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}