{"id":5802,"date":"2022-09-30T11:26:40","date_gmt":"2022-09-30T09:26:40","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/?p=5802"},"modified":"2024-10-04T11:47:48","modified_gmt":"2024-10-04T09:47:48","slug":"abuzimi-me-droga-dhe-ndikimi-ne-shendetin-mendor","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/sr\/opinion\/abuzimi-me-droga-dhe-ndikimi-ne-shendetin-mendor\/","title":{"rendered":"Abuzimi me droga dhe ndikimi n\u00eb sh\u00ebndetin mendor"},"content":{"rendered":"
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Abuzimi me droga dhe ndikimi n\u00eb sh\u00ebndetin mendor<\/h3>\n<\/div>\n
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Numrit i p\u00ebrdoruesve t\u00eb drogave n\u00eb Kosov\u00eb ka sh\u00ebnuar trend t\u00eb\u00a0rritjes<\/a>. P\u00ebrdoruesit e k\u00ebtyre substancave t\u00eb d\u00ebmshme jan\u00eb kryesisht t\u00eb rinjt\u00eb dhe\u00a0adoleshent\u00ebt<\/a>.<\/p>\n

Sipas t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave t\u00eb Qendr\u00ebs p\u00ebr K\u00ebshillim dhe Trajtim t\u00eb Vart\u00ebsis\u00eb \u201cLabyrinth<\/a>\u201d \u2013 organizat\u00eb kjo q\u00eb merret me parandalimin dhe trajtimin e var\u00ebsis\u00eb s\u00eb drogave dhe alkoolit \u2013 numri i p\u00ebrgjithsh\u00ebm i p\u00ebrdoruesve t\u00eb drogave e kalon shifr\u00ebn prej 30,000. Nd\u00ebrsa, aktualisht n\u00eb Kosov\u00eb jan\u00eb rreth 5,000-6,000 p\u00ebrdorues t\u00eb varur nga droga. Kjo n\u00ebnkupton se k\u00ebta persona jan\u00eb p\u00ebrdorues t\u00eb rregullt t\u00eb k\u00ebtyre substancave.<\/p>\n

Mosha mesatare e personave kur nisin p\u00ebr her\u00eb t\u00eb par\u00eb t\u00eb p\u00ebrdorin substanca narkotike n\u00eb Kosov\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb\u00a0rreth 16 vje\u00e7<\/a>. Kurse, llojet e drogave q\u00eb konsumohen m\u00eb s\u00eb shpeshti variojn\u00eb nga marihuana deri te\u00a0kokaina<\/a>.<\/p>\n

Var\u00ebsia nga k\u00ebto substanca ka ndikim t\u00eb drejtp\u00ebrdrejt\u00eb n\u00eb mir\u00ebqenien mendore dhe sjelljen e individit. Andaj, nj\u00eb pjes\u00eb e madhe e studimeve t\u00eb fush\u00ebs s\u00eb psikologjis\u00eb \u2013 n\u00eb ve\u00e7anti t\u00eb psikologjis\u00eb sh\u00ebndet\u00ebsore \u2013 u kushtojn\u00eb v\u00ebmendje t\u00eb ve\u00e7ant\u00eb efekteve psikologjike q\u00eb derivojn\u00eb si pasoj\u00eb e p\u00ebrdorimit dhe var\u00ebsis\u00eb ndaj drogave.<\/p>\n

Shum\u00eb nga k\u00ebto efekte nuk jan\u00eb thjesht p\u00ebrjetime momentale q\u00eb lidhen vet\u00ebm me ndikimin e p\u00ebrdorimit t\u00eb atyp\u00ebratysh\u00ebm t\u00eb substancave, por jan\u00eb pasoja afatgjata dhe vijn\u00eb si rezultat i var\u00ebsis\u00eb kronike nga drogat.<\/p>\n

Studimet kan\u00eb identifikuar nj\u00eb mori shqet\u00ebsimesh psikologjike q\u00eb kan\u00eb lidhje t\u00eb drejtp\u00ebrdrejt\u00eb me p\u00ebrdorimin e drogave. P\u00ebrve\u00e7 pasojave sh\u00ebndet\u00ebsore fizike, efektet mentale kryesore me t\u00eb cilat ballafaqohen personat e varur ndaj substancave narkotike jan\u00eb\u00a0depresioni dhe ankthi<\/a>.<\/p>\n

Depresioni \u00ebsht\u00eb i zakonsh\u00ebm n\u00eb mesin e njer\u00ebzve q\u00eb luftojn\u00eb nga var\u00ebsia ndaj drog\u00ebs. N\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb, p\u00ebrdorimi i k\u00ebtyre substancave mund t\u00eb shkaktoj\u00eb ose t\u00eb intensifikoj\u00eb te k\u00ebta persona\u00a0ndjenj\u00ebn e vetmis\u00eb dhe trishtimit<\/a>. Shum\u00eb elemente\u00a0t\u00eb depresionit p\u00ebrputhen me shenjat e var\u00ebsis\u00eb, duke e b\u00ebr\u00eb t\u00eb domosdoshme q\u00eb njer\u00ebzit t\u00eb marrin kujdesin dhe trajtimin e duhur p\u00ebr t\u00eb dy problemet n\u00eb fjal\u00eb.<\/p>\n

Tutje,\u00a0ankthi<\/a>\u00a0dhe paniku jan\u00eb nd\u00ebr efektet e tjera afatgjata psikologjike. Mir\u00ebpo, duhet sqaruar se k\u00ebta dy faktor\u00eb \u2013 ankthi dhe var\u00ebsia \u2013 kan\u00eb lidhshm\u00ebri t\u00eb ngusht\u00eb nd\u00ebrmjet vete dhe jo rrall\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb e v\u00ebshtir\u00eb t\u00eb identifikohen lidhjet e drejtp\u00ebrdrejta shkak-pasoj\u00eb.<\/p>\n

P\u00ebr disa njer\u00ebz, ankthi mund t\u00eb jet\u00eb shkaktar i p\u00ebrdorimit t\u00eb substancave narkotike. Pra, ka raste kur njer\u00ebzit nisin t\u00eb p\u00ebrdorin drog\u00ebn, sipas tyre, si m\u00ebnyr\u00eb e p\u00ebrshtatshme p\u00ebr t\u2019u ballafaquar m\u00eb leht\u00eb me ankthin, apo p\u00ebr t\u00eb leht\u00ebsuar pasojat e tij. Mir\u00ebpo, p\u00ebr shum\u00eb njer\u00ebz p\u00ebrdorimi i drogave \u00ebsht\u00eb shkaktari kryesor i ankthit. N\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb kontekst, p\u00ebr shembull, studimet konstatojn\u00eb se\u00a0kokaina<\/a>\u00a0ka ndikim n\u00eb disa pjes\u00eb t\u00eb trurit duke rritur hormonin e stresit dhe inkurajuar var\u00ebsin\u00eb, gj\u00eb q\u00eb ndikon n\u00eb rritjen e ankthit dhe depresionit.<\/p>\n

Var\u00ebsia nga drogat ka pasoja multidimensionale dhe mund ta afektoj\u00eb pothuajse \u00e7do aspekt t\u00eb jet\u00ebs s\u00eb individit p\u00ebrdorues. P\u00ebr m\u00eb tep\u00ebr, efektet psikologjike prekin edhe an\u00ebtar\u00ebt e familjes s\u00eb personave t\u00eb varur. Shpeshher\u00eb familjar\u00ebt nuk jan\u00eb t\u00eb informuar p\u00ebr v\u00ebshtir\u00ebsit\u00eb dhe problemet me t\u00eb cilat po ballafaqohen\u00a0t\u00eb af\u00ebrmit e tyre, duke ndikuar k\u00ebshtu edhe n\u00eb vones\u00ebn p\u00ebr t\u00eb k\u00ebrkuar ndihm\u00eb nga institucionet e specializuara.<\/p>\n

Nd\u00ebrhyrjet e vonshme apo k\u00ebrkimi i ndihm\u00ebs nga individ\u00eb t\u00eb pakualifikuar p\u00ebr k\u00ebto probleme mund t\u00eb jen\u00eb me pasoja t\u00eb pariparueshme p\u00ebr sh\u00ebndetin mendor dhe jet\u00ebn e p\u00ebrdoruesve.<\/p>\n

P\u00ebr m\u00eb tep\u00ebr, shumica e familjeve n\u00eb Kosov\u00eb akoma e konsiderojn\u00eb tabu k\u00ebrkimin e ndihm\u00ebs profesionale p\u00ebr f\u00ebmij\u00ebn apo ndonj\u00eb an\u00ebtari tjet\u00ebr t\u00eb familjes q\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb p\u00ebrdorues i drog\u00ebs. Nj\u00eb qasje e till\u00eb duhet t\u00eb eliminohet sepse studimet kan\u00eb treguar se identifikimi dhe nd\u00ebrhyrja e hershme mund t\u00eb nd\u00ebrpres\u00eb procesin e var\u00ebsis\u00eb dhe t\u2019i rikthej\u00eb n\u00eb rutin\u00ebn e jet\u00ebs normale. S\u00eb k\u00ebndejmi, ofrimi i mb\u00ebshtetjes morale, emocionale dhe orientimi drejt profesionist\u00ebve t\u00eb fush\u00ebs p\u00ebr ndihm\u00eb t\u00eb specializuar jan\u00eb jetike.<\/p>\n

Duhet n\u00ebnvizuar se periudha e\u00a0pandemis\u00eb<\/a>\u00a0e ka v\u00ebshtir\u00ebsuar edhe me tutje gjendjen e p\u00ebrdoruesve t\u00eb drogave n\u00eb nivel global. Nuk do mend se kjo situat\u00eb n\u00eb Kosov\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb edhe m\u00eb e r\u00ebnduar \u2013 sidomos kur marrim n\u00eb konsiderat\u00eb nivelin e ul\u00ebt t\u00eb zhvillimit socio-ekonomik, kapacitetin e kufizuar t\u00eb institucioneve sh\u00ebndet\u00ebsore p\u00ebr t\u00eb ofruar ndihm\u00eb dhe tabun\u00eb, stigmatizimin e paragjykimet q\u00eb ekzistojn\u00eb kundrejt personave q\u00eb jan\u00eb p\u00ebrdorues t\u00eb drogave.<\/p>\n

Individ\u00ebt e varur nga droga kan\u00eb pasur shum\u00eb v\u00ebshtir\u00ebsi p\u00ebr t\u00eb siguruar vazhdim\u00ebsin\u00eb e sh\u00ebrbimeve esenciale p\u00ebr trajtim, qofshin ato\u00a0sh\u00ebndet\u00ebsore apo edhe psiko-sociale<\/a>. P\u00ebr m\u00eb tep\u00ebr, studimet e fundit n\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb fush\u00eb kan\u00eb ardhur n\u00eb p\u00ebrfundim t\u00eb bazuar se pandemia e shkaktuar nga virusi COVID-19 e ka d\u00ebmtuar n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb dometh\u00ebn\u00ebse sh\u00ebndetin mendor duke ndikuar n\u00eb ndryshimin e sjelljes s\u00eb p\u00ebrdoruesve t\u00eb drogave dhe, si rezultat, duke rritur\u00a0rrezikun e tyre p\u00ebr mbidoz\u00eb<\/a>.<\/p>\n

Trajtimi i pacient\u00ebve q\u00eb jan\u00eb t\u00eb varur nga drogat \u00ebsht\u00eb afatgjat\u00eb, gradual, kompleks, i kushtuesh\u00ebm dhe shum\u00eb i specializuar. P\u00ebr t\u00eb arritur rezultatet e synuara duhen shum\u00eb investime, infrastruktur\u00eb moderne, p\u00ebrvoj\u00eb, dije e njohuri bashk\u00ebkohore. N\u00eb Kosov\u00eb, p\u00ebrve\u00e7 Repartit t\u00eb Psikiatris\u00eb q\u00eb operon n\u00eb kuad\u00ebr t\u00eb Qendr\u00ebs Klinike Universitare (QKUK-s\u00eb) dhe Qendr\u00ebs p\u00ebr K\u00ebshillim dhe Trajtim t\u00eb Vart\u00ebsis\u00eb \u201cLabyrinth<\/a>\u201d (me zyrat e saja n\u00eb Prishtin\u00eb, Prizren dhe Gjilan), p\u00ebrgjith\u00ebsisht nuk ka ndonj\u00eb qend\u00ebr rehabilituese apo klinik\u00eb q\u00eb do t\u00eb ofronte sh\u00ebrbime t\u00eb specializuara dhe gjith\u00ebp\u00ebrfshir\u00ebse p\u00ebr personat p\u00ebrdorues apo t\u00eb varur nga droga.<\/p>\n

Trajtimi psikologjik dhe sh\u00ebndet\u00ebsor i personave p\u00ebrdorues dhe t\u00eb varur nga droga \u00ebsht\u00eb jasht\u00ebzakonisht i r\u00ebnd\u00ebsish\u00ebm p\u00ebr sh\u00ebndetin dhe jet\u00ebn e tyre. Shteti dhe shoq\u00ebria duhet t\u00eb angazhohen m\u00eb seriozisht dhe n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb t\u00eb planifikuar q\u00eb t\u00eb krijojn\u00eb kapacitetet e nevojshme n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb q\u00eb edhe k\u00ebsaj kategorie t\u00eb shoq\u00ebris\u00eb t\u2019i ofrohet ndihma dhe mb\u00ebshtetja adekuate.<\/p>\n

Mungesa e rregullt e qasjes n\u00eb sh\u00ebrbimet esenciale sh\u00ebndet\u00ebsore dhe psikologjike p\u00ebr t\u00eb trajtuar var\u00ebsin\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb me pasoja afatgjata psikologjike p\u00ebr vet\u00eb p\u00ebrdoruesit, familjet dhe rrethin e tyre shoq\u00ebror. Duhet kuptuar se edhe k\u00ebta persona jan\u00eb pjes\u00eb e shoq\u00ebris\u00eb. Andaj, mb\u00ebshtetja morale, emocionale si dhe mos-stigmatizimi i tyre jan\u00eb hapat e par\u00eb t\u00eb nj\u00eb procesi t\u00eb gjat\u00eb, t\u00eb v\u00ebshtir\u00eb dhe kompleks, n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb q\u00eb personat e varur nga droga t\u00eb rehabilitohen dhe t\u2019i rikthehen shoq\u00ebris\u00eb dhe jet\u00ebs normale si gjith\u00eb t\u00eb tjer\u00ebt.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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Abuzimi me droga dhe ndikimi n\u00eb sh\u00ebndetin mendor Numrit i p\u00ebrdoruesve t\u00eb drogave n\u00eb Kosov\u00eb ka sh\u00ebnuar trend t\u00eb\u00a0rritjes. P\u00ebrdoruesit e k\u00ebtyre substancave t\u00eb d\u00ebmshme jan\u00eb kryesisht t\u00eb rinjt\u00eb dhe\u00a0adoleshent\u00ebt. Sipas t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave t\u00eb Qendr\u00ebs p\u00ebr K\u00ebshillim dhe Trajtim t\u00eb Vart\u00ebsis\u00eb \u201cLabyrinth\u201d \u2013 organizat\u00eb kjo q\u00eb merret me parandalimin dhe trajtimin e var\u00ebsis\u00eb s\u00eb drogave […]<\/p>","protected":false},"author":334,"featured_media":7966,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[9],"tags":[],"ppma_author":[346],"class_list":["post-5802","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-opinion"],"authors":[{"term_id":346,"user_id":334,"is_guest":0,"slug":"violeta-zefi","display_name":"Violeta Zefi","avatar_url":{"url":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/ssjdoals-e1776417820433.png","url2x":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/ssjdoals-e1776417820433.png"},"user_url":"","last_name":"Zefi","first_name":"Violeta","description":"Violeta Zefi ka ndjekur studimet themelore dhe ato master, n\u00eb fush\u00ebn e Psikologjis\u00eb, n\u00eb Universitetin e Prishtin\u00ebs. N\u00eb vitin 2017 ka p\u00ebrfunduar studimet e doktorat\u00ebs n\u00eb Masaryk University, Republik\u00eb \u00c7eke. Aktualisht \u00ebsht\u00eb ligj\u00ebruese n\u00eb Kolegjin \u201cUBT\u201d, dhe n\u00eb t\u00eb nj\u00ebjt\u00ebn koh\u00eb ndjek specializimin n\u00eb fush\u00ebn e \u201cPsikologjis\u00eb Klinike\u201d. Nga viti 2006 ka punuar p\u00ebr organizata t\u00eb ndryshme vendore dhe nd\u00ebrkomb\u00ebtare. P\u00ebrpos ligj\u00ebrimit ajo punon edhe si Psikologe n\u00eb Asociacionin Kosovar t\u00eb Personave q\u00eb Jetojn\u00eb me HIV\/AIDS (n\u00eb kuad\u00ebr t\u00eb Global Fund p\u00ebr HIV\/AIDS) dhe nj\u00ebkoh\u00ebsisht \u00ebsht\u00eb e angazhuar si psikologe, konsulente dhe trajnere n\u00eb projekte t\u00eb ndryshme."}],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/sr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5802","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/sr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/sr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/sr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/334"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/sr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=5802"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/sr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5802\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":7981,"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/sr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5802\/revisions\/7981"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/sr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/7966"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/sr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=5802"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/sr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=5802"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/sr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=5802"},{"taxonomy":"author","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/sr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/ppma_author?post=5802"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}