{"id":5913,"date":"2022-06-03T15:07:23","date_gmt":"2022-06-03T13:07:23","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/?p=5913"},"modified":"2024-09-12T15:09:27","modified_gmt":"2024-09-12T13:09:27","slug":"paradoks-kosovar-papunesi-e-larte-dhe-mungese-e-punetoreve","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/sr\/opinion\/paradoks-kosovar-papunesi-e-larte-dhe-mungese-e-punetoreve\/","title":{"rendered":"Paradoks kosovar: Papun\u00ebsi e lart\u00eb dhe munges\u00eb e pun\u00ebtor\u00ebve"},"content":{"rendered":"
\n

Bazuar n\u00eb t\u00eb dh\u00ebnat Agjencis\u00eb s\u00eb Statistikave t\u00eb Kosov\u00ebs\u00a0(ASK)<\/a>\u00a0rezulton se papun\u00ebsia n\u00eb vend \u00ebsht\u00eb 25.8 p\u00ebr qind, mir\u00ebpo\u00a0100 mij\u00eb t\u00eb papun\u00eb<\/a>\u00a0kosovar\u00eb nuk jan\u00eb duke k\u00ebrkuar pun\u00eb, me gjith\u00eb rritjen e k\u00ebrkes\u00ebs p\u00ebr pun\u00ebtor\u00eb nga kompanit\u00eb private.<\/p>\n

Por si ka mund\u00ebsi q\u00eb shkalla e papun\u00ebsis\u00eb t\u00eb jet\u00eb e lart\u00eb n\u00eb koh\u00ebn kur bizneset p\u00ebrballen me munges\u00eb pun\u00ebtor\u00ebsh?<\/p>\n

Nj\u00eb shpjegim ndaj k\u00ebsaj p\u00ebrgjigje jepet nga ekonomist\u00ebt Gregory Mankiw dhe Mark Taylor. Sipas tyre, \u201ci papun\u00eb konsiderohet \u00e7dokush q\u00eb k\u00ebrkon pun\u00eb dhe nuk mund t\u00eb gjej\u00eb pun\u00eb\u201d.<\/p>\n

Ekzistojn\u00eb nj\u00eb mori arsyesh dhe faktor\u00ebsh pse po ndodh nj\u00eb gj\u00eb e till\u00eb. Nj\u00eb nga to ka t\u00eb b\u00ebj\u00eb me kushtet e pun\u00ebs. Sindikatat p\u00ebr mbrojtjen e t\u00eb drejtave t\u00eb pun\u00ebtor\u00ebve\u00a0ankohen<\/a>\u00a0p\u00ebr kushtet e v\u00ebshtira t\u00eb pun\u00ebs, sidomos n\u00eb sektorin privat.<\/p>\n

Nj\u00eb arsye tjet\u00ebr \u00ebsht\u00eb paga e ul\u00ebt. Sipas nj\u00eb hulumtimi t\u00eb\u00a0Institutit p\u00ebr K\u00ebrkime Ekonomike<\/a>\u00a0(INKE), 75.8 p\u00ebr qind e t\u00eb anketuarve duan t\u00eb punojn\u00eb n\u00eb sektorin publik, nj\u00eb nga motivet e forta pse e duan publiken \u00ebsht\u00eb p\u00ebrmendur edhe paga.<\/p>\n

Nga t\u00eb dh\u00ebnat e\u00a0ASK-s\u00eb<\/a>\u00a0v\u00ebrtetohet q\u00eb pun\u00ebtor\u00ebt e sektorit privat paguhen m\u00eb s\u00eb paku. Bazuar n\u00eb statistikat e vitit 2020, 342 euro \u00ebsht\u00eb paga neto n\u00eb sektorin privat, nd\u00ebrkaq n\u00eb sektorin publik rroga neto shkon n\u00eb 552 euro.<\/p>\n

Kampion\u00eb n\u00eb rroga jan\u00eb pun\u00ebtor\u00ebt e nd\u00ebrmarrjeve publike, aty paga mesatare \u00ebsht\u00eb 680 euro, gati edhe nj\u00ebher\u00eb m\u00eb e madhe sesa t\u00eb ardhurat n\u00eb sektorin privat.<\/p>\n

P\u00ebr periudh\u00ebn\u00a02012-2020<\/a>, paga mesatare n\u00eb sektorin privat \u00ebsht\u00eb rritur vet\u00ebm 34 euro, nd\u00ebrkaq n\u00eb sektorin publik ngritja ishte 186 euro neto. Pagat n\u00eb sektorin publik kan\u00eb l\u00ebvizur, nd\u00ebrkaq n\u00eb sektorin privat as paga minimale s\u2019\u00ebsht\u00eb rritur tash e 11 vjet.<\/p>\n

N\u00eb hulumtimin e INKE-s\u00eb, ku mbi 75 p\u00ebr qind e qytetar\u00ebve e preferonin sektorin publik para atij privat, si arsye kryesore i vendos\u00ebn edhe benefitet e tjera jasht\u00eb pag\u00ebs si pushimet javore, vjetore, etj.<\/p>\n

Nj\u00eb faktor tjet\u00ebr tejet i r\u00ebnd\u00ebsish\u00ebm \u00ebsht\u00eb emigrimi n\u00eb shtetet per\u00ebndimore, ve\u00e7an\u00ebrisht n\u00eb Gjermani, ku paga mesatare \u00ebsht\u00eb\u00a0dhjet\u00ebfish<\/a>\u00a0m\u00eb e lart\u00eb sesa n\u00eb Kosov\u00eb.<\/p>\n

Vet\u00ebm gjat\u00eb muajit dhjetor 2021, mbi 56 mij\u00eb qytetar\u00eb k\u00ebrkuan viza pune n\u00eb\u00a0Ambasad\u00ebn Gjermane<\/a>.<\/p>\n

Por, pos qytetar\u00ebve q\u00eb kan\u00eb kritika p\u00ebr kushtet e pun\u00ebs dhe kompensimin, njashtu edhe bizneset\u00a0ankohen<\/a>\u00a0q\u00eb t\u00eb diplomuarit jan\u00eb t\u00eb pap\u00ebrgatitur p\u00ebr tregun e pun\u00ebs.<\/p>\n

Sipas nj\u00eb\u00a0studimi<\/a>\u00a0t\u00eb realizuar nga Organizata p\u00ebr Rritjen e Cil\u00ebsis\u00eb n\u00eb Arsim (ORCA), ekziston nj\u00eb mosp\u00ebrputhje nd\u00ebrmjet aft\u00ebsive t\u00eb student\u00ebve dhe k\u00ebrkesave t\u00eb tregut n\u00eb Kosov\u00eb.<\/p>\n

P\u00ebr k\u00ebt\u00eb, sot ofertat e pun\u00ebs kryesisht jan\u00eb n\u00eb sektorin e teknologjis\u00eb informative, marketing digjital e nd\u00ebrmarr\u00ebsi, pasi q\u00ebllimi \u00ebsht\u00eb ky\u00e7ja afariste n\u00eb industrit\u00eb q\u00eb jan\u00eb n\u00eb trend global.<\/p>\n

As tregu i Kosov\u00ebs nuk e b\u00ebn ball\u00eb dot globalizmin, k\u00ebshtu q\u00eb pos pag\u00ebs dhe divergjencave mes arsimit dhe tregut, problem jan\u00eb edhe kushtet e pun\u00ebs n\u00eb sektorin privat – sidomos mosrespektimi i\u00a0Ligjit t\u00eb Pun\u00ebs.<\/a><\/p>\n

Mosrespektimi i Ligjit t\u00eb Pun\u00ebs ndikon negativisht m\u00eb s\u00eb shumti te grat\u00eb. Sipas t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave t\u00eb\u00a0ASK-s\u00eb<\/a>, rreth 30 p\u00ebr qind e tyre s\u2019kan\u00eb pun\u00eb, nd\u00ebrkaq pun\u00ebsimi i grave \u00ebsht\u00eb 15.9%. Fuqia joaktive n\u00eb Kosov\u00eb kalon mbi 60 p\u00ebr qind, grat\u00eb e p\u00ebrb\u00ebjn\u00eb\u00a077.3<\/a>\u00a0p\u00ebr qind t\u00eb k\u00ebsaj kategorie.<\/p>\n

Me Ligin e Pun\u00ebs, grat\u00eb q\u00eb punojn\u00eb n\u00eb sektorin privat e g\u00ebzojn\u00eb t\u00eb drejt\u00ebn e pushimit, p\u00ebrfshir\u00eb edhe t\u00eb lehonis\u00eb.<\/p>\n

Por, Sindikata e Pavarur e Sektorit Privat\u00a0ka treguar<\/a>\u00a0q\u00eb shum\u00eb gra pasi t\u00eb shkojn\u00eb n\u00eb pushimin e lehonis\u00eb p\u00ebrjashtohen nga puna. Nj\u00eb pjes\u00eb e grave, ashtu si edhe e burrave, punojn\u00eb\u00a0pa kontrata<\/a>\u00a0\u2013 kjo n\u00ebnkupton q\u00eb jan\u00eb ilegal\u00eb n\u00eb treg dhe nuk cil\u00ebsohen t\u00eb pun\u00ebsuar.<\/p>\n

Por, te burrat paraqitet edhe papun\u00ebsia sezonale – sektori i nd\u00ebrtimtaris\u00eb mbulon\u00a09.4<\/a>\u00a0p\u00ebr qind t\u00eb pun\u00ebsimit. Gjat\u00eb periudh\u00ebs s\u00eb dimrit nj\u00eb pjes\u00eb e konsiderueshme e k\u00ebtij sektori \u00ebsht\u00eb joaktive.<\/p>\n

Sip\u00ebrmarr\u00ebsit Kosovar\u00eb duan pun\u00ebtor\u00eb e k\u00ebta t\u00eb fundit duan paga e kushte m\u00eb t\u00eb mira. Rishtazi, odat ekonomike t\u00eb vendit e kan\u00eb pranuar pa hezitim propozimin e Qeveris\u00eb q\u00eb\u00a0paga minimale<\/a>\u00a0t\u00eb rritet n\u00eb 250 euro.<\/p>\n

Q\u00eb ky ng\u00ebr\u00e7 t\u00eb mbaroj\u00eb, arsimi dhe tregu duhet t\u00eb bashk\u00ebveprojn\u00eb. Gjithashtu, \u00ebsht\u00eb e domosdoshme t\u00eb respektohen dhe garantohen t\u00eb drejtat e pun\u00ebtor\u00ebve si\u00e7 garantohen me Ligjin e Pun\u00ebs.<\/p>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Bazuar n\u00eb t\u00eb dh\u00ebnat Agjencis\u00eb s\u00eb Statistikave t\u00eb Kosov\u00ebs\u00a0(ASK)\u00a0rezulton se papun\u00ebsia n\u00eb vend \u00ebsht\u00eb 25.8 p\u00ebr qind, mir\u00ebpo\u00a0100 mij\u00eb t\u00eb papun\u00eb\u00a0kosovar\u00eb nuk jan\u00eb duke k\u00ebrkuar pun\u00eb, me gjith\u00eb rritjen e k\u00ebrkes\u00ebs p\u00ebr pun\u00ebtor\u00eb nga kompanit\u00eb private. Por si ka mund\u00ebsi q\u00eb shkalla e papun\u00ebsis\u00eb t\u00eb jet\u00eb e lart\u00eb n\u00eb koh\u00ebn kur bizneset p\u00ebrballen me munges\u00eb […]<\/p>","protected":false},"author":13,"featured_media":6897,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[9],"tags":[1006,1170,1049],"ppma_author":[23],"class_list":["post-5913","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-opinion","tag-ekonomi","tag-papunesia","tag-zhvillimi-ekonomik"],"authors":[{"term_id":23,"user_id":13,"is_guest":0,"slug":"sefer-zogaj","display_name":"Sefer Zogaj","avatar_url":{"url":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/seferi2.jpg","url2x":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/seferi2.jpg"},"user_url":"","last_name":"Zogaj","first_name":"Sefer","description":"Sefer Zogaj ka p\u00ebrfunduar studimet bachelor n\u00eb Universitetin e Prishtin\u00ebs, Fakultetin Ekonomik. Gjat\u00eb shkoll\u00ebs s\u00eb mesme ka filluar t\u00eb shkruaj v\u00ebshtrime p\u00ebr Gazet\u00ebn \u201cEpoka e Re\u201d, m\u00eb pas edhe p\u00ebr mediat e Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb si \u201cAlbeu\u201d dhe \u201cShekulli\u201d. Ai \u00ebsht\u00eb n\u00eb p\u00ebrfundim t\u00eb studimeve master n\u00eb Fakultetin Ekonomik. Gjat\u00eb studimeve ka punuar n\u00eb nj\u00eb mori mediash si Intro, Ballkani, Insajderi.com, Shqip.com dhe tash KTV. Seferi \u00ebsht\u00eb poashtu pjes\u00eb e shoq\u00ebris\u00eb civile p\u00ebrmes Institutit p\u00ebr K\u00ebrkime Ekonomike. P\u00ebrve\u00e7 k\u00ebsaj, e ka menaxhuar edhe nj\u00eb biznes t\u00eb vog\u00ebl \u201cGift of Heart\u201d q\u00eb kryesisht \u00ebsht\u00eb marr\u00eb me shitje online. Interesimi i tij kryesor n\u00eb jet\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb studimi i shkencave sociale."}],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/sr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5913","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/sr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/sr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/sr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/13"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/sr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=5913"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/sr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5913\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":7661,"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/sr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5913\/revisions\/7661"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/sr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/6897"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/sr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=5913"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/sr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=5913"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/sr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=5913"},{"taxonomy":"author","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/sr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/ppma_author?post=5913"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}