{"id":6035,"date":"2021-12-28T13:01:28","date_gmt":"2021-12-28T11:01:28","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/?p=6035"},"modified":"2024-10-17T13:04:17","modified_gmt":"2024-10-17T11:04:17","slug":"konteksti-i-popper-it-mbi-historine-dhe-politiken","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/sr\/kritike\/konteksti-i-popper-it-mbi-historine-dhe-politiken\/","title":{"rendered":"Konteksti i Popper-it mbi historin\u00eb dhe politik\u00ebn"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"news-left\">\n<p>N\u00eb librin \u201cMendime p\u00ebr Historin\u00eb dhe Politik\u00ebn\u201d, filozofi Karl R.Popper jep nj\u00eb k\u00ebndv\u00ebshtrim kritik mbi shum\u00eb probleme q\u00eb lidhen me natyr\u00ebn shkencore, politike e historike. Brenda k\u00ebtij libri, autori shkoqit dilemat mbi sensin e historis\u00eb, si nj\u00eb pik\u00eb kthese e mendimit logjik e atij racional. Bot\u00ebkuptimi i tij teorik e shkencor zhvillohet mbi pik\u00ebpamjen\u00a0 e shum\u00eb filozof\u00ebve, duke filluar nga Platoni, Sokrati, Hobsi, Kanti, Marksi, etj.<\/p>\n<p>Tematika e par\u00eb q\u00eb trajtohet n\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb lib\u00ebr ka t\u00eb b\u00ebj\u00eb me pik\u00ebnisjen e mendimit iluminist e racionalist t\u00eb Kantit, duke u bazuar n\u00eb parull\u00ebn \u201cKe guxim t\u00eb p\u00ebrdor\u00ebsh arsyen\u201d. Esenca e k\u00ebsaj pik\u00ebnisjeje ka t\u00eb b\u00ebj\u00eb me nj\u00eb v\u00ebshtrim konkret, praktik e shkencor, pasi, sipas tij, arsyeja \u00ebsht\u00eb mjeti i domosdosh\u00ebm q\u00eb e nxjerr individin nga situatat e pafavorshme. Popper-i, n\u00eb k\u00ebndv\u00ebshtrimin e tij analitik p\u00ebr t\u2019u tejkaluar \u201cgjumi dogmatik\u201d, e sheh t\u00eb domosdoshme q\u00eb individi por edhe e t\u00ebr\u00eb shoq\u00ebria t\u00eb bazohen n\u00eb racio, por \u00e7doher\u00eb duke u nisur nga fondamenti i ilumnizmit dhe p\u00ebrfundimisht autori thot\u00eb se nuk ekziston nj\u00eb sens i fshehur i historis\u00eb dhe ata q\u00eb besonin q\u00eb kan\u00eb gjetur nj\u00eb gj\u00eb t\u00eb till\u00eb jan\u00eb futur n\u00eb lajthitje dhe jan\u00eb vet\u00ebmashtruar.<\/p>\n<p>Fillimisht kritikon shum\u00eb filozof\u00eb klasik\u00eb e tradicional\u00eb, por prap\u00eb bie n\u00ebn lajthitjen e Kantit, gj\u00eb t\u00eb cil\u00ebn e pranon edhe vet\u00eb. Mendimi iluminist, sipas Popper-it, \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb mund\u00ebsi e mir\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u2019i gjykuar gj\u00ebrat drejt e mir\u00eb, por nj\u00ebkoh\u00ebsisht p\u00ebr t\u2019i dh\u00ebn\u00eb kahe t\u00eb duhur historis\u00eb s\u00eb mendimit njer\u00ebzor.<\/p>\n<p>N\u00eb k\u00ebndv\u00ebshtrimin kritik e vler\u00ebson edhe mendimin e Platonit mbi format e qeverisjes, nga ato t\u00eb mirat deri t\u00eb ato t\u00eb k\u00ebqijat, si p.sh. monarkin\u00eb si form\u00eb qeveris\u00ebse t\u00eb mir\u00eb, pastaj edhe aristokracin\u00eb, kurse si forma t\u00eb k\u00ebqija t\u00eb qeverisjes e rendit demokracin\u00eb, tiranin\u00eb dhe oligarkin\u00eb. Por, nj\u00eb kritik\u00eb radikale q\u00eb e drejton ndaj mendimit politik t\u00eb Platonit ka t\u00eb b\u00ebj\u00eb me pyetjen e k\u00ebtij t\u00eb fundit: Kush duhet t\u00eb sundoj\u00eb?; e, sipas Popper-it, \u00ebsht\u00eb gabim trashanik t\u00eb drejtohet pyetja n\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb form\u00eb, pasi nuk ka r\u00ebnd\u00ebsi pyetja\u00a0<em>kush<\/em>, por si duhet t\u00eb qeveriset. Por n\u00eb fund Popper-i pranon se\u00a0 qeverisje e mir\u00eb mund t\u00eb konsiderohet ajo qeverisje e cila mund t\u00eb hiqet qafe pa gjakderdhje. Sipas Popper-it, pushtetet duhet t\u00eb jen\u00eb t\u00eb kufizuara por kjo garantohet fal\u00eb liris\u00eb, q\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb mjet p\u00ebr ta kontrolluar dhe kufizuar pushtetin n\u00eb fush\u00ebveprimin e tij, por nj\u00ebkoh\u00ebsisht na duhet edhe shteti p\u00ebr ta ruajtur e implementuar lirin\u00eb si kategori kushtetuese ligjore.<\/p>\n<p>N\u00ebse e kontekstualizojm\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb \u00e7\u00ebshtje n\u00eb realitetin praktik, na asocion me vendet me demokraci t\u00eb konsoliduar, pasi \u00e7do qeverisje duhet t\u00eb korrespondoj\u00eb me k\u00ebrkesat e qytetar\u00ebve t\u00eb atij vendi, e jo qeverisja t\u2019i sh\u00ebrbej nj\u00eb pakice. Dhe n\u00eb k\u00ebto rast kur humbet vullneti i popullit dhe devijohet ai, qytetar\u00ebt mund ta largojn\u00eb nj\u00eb qeverisje me mjete legjitime e demokratike.<\/p>\n<p>Popper-i n\u00eb aspektin e filozofis\u00eb politike n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb t\u00eb qart\u00eb shkoqit an\u00ebt negative apo mang\u00ebsit\u00eb e sistemit proporcional zgjedhor pasi, sipas tij, n\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb sistem zgjedhor partit\u00eb politike e shfryt\u00ebzojn\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb vakum p\u00ebr t\u2019i ikur p\u00ebrgjegj\u00ebsis\u00eb institucionale dhe politike. Mund t\u2019i paraqesim disa nga mang\u00ebsit\u00eb t\u00eb cilat Popper-i i paraqet n\u00eb librin e tij:<\/p>\n<p>1. Sistemi proporcional u jep mund\u00ebsi partive t\u00eb vogla p\u00ebr t\u00eb konkurruar n\u00eb zgjedhje, por nj\u00ebkoh\u00ebsisht edhe p\u00ebr t\u00eb qen\u00eb pjes\u00eb e pushtetit. Sipas tij, nj\u00eb gj\u00eb t\u00eb till\u00eb e garanton pluralizmi politik e partiak; sipas tij, \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb gj\u00eb e keqe pasi partit\u00eb e vogla, edhe pse mund t\u00eb jen\u00eb pjes\u00eb e pushtetit, \u00e7doher\u00eb i ikin p\u00ebrgjegj\u00ebsis\u00eb n\u00eb kuptimin e llogaridh\u00ebnies dhe transparenc\u00ebs ndaj qytetar\u00ebve. Sipas tij, m\u00eb e rrug\u00ebs do t\u00eb ishte t\u00eb kemi sistem dypartiak si n\u00eb SHBA, gj\u00eb q\u00eb do t\u00eb garantonte nj\u00eb transparenc\u00eb m\u00eb t\u00eb madhe, por edhe nj\u00eb lidhje m\u00eb t\u00eb fort\u00eb n\u00eb raport me qytetar\u00ebt, pasi \u00e7do humbje n\u00eb zgjedhjet e nj\u00ebr\u00ebs parti do t\u00eb ishte nj\u00eb reflektim p\u00ebr nj\u00eb reform\u00eb t\u00eb thell\u00eb radikale, e cila n\u00eb rend t\u00eb par\u00eb do t\u2019u sh\u00ebrbente qytetar\u00ebve p\u00ebr nj\u00eb qeverisje m\u00eb t\u00eb mir\u00eb n\u00eb t\u00eb ardhmen.<\/p>\n<p>Mbi t\u00eb gjitha, Popper-i n\u00eb aspektin shkencor \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb kritik konstruktiv pasi nj\u00ebkoh\u00ebsisht jep edhe alternativa mbi teza dhe problematika q\u00eb ngrihen.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"news-right\">\n<div class=\"post\">\n<p class=\"author\">\n<\/div>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>N\u00eb librin \u201cMendime p\u00ebr Historin\u00eb dhe Politik\u00ebn\u201d, filozofi Karl R.Popper jep nj\u00eb k\u00ebndv\u00ebshtrim kritik mbi shum\u00eb probleme q\u00eb lidhen me natyr\u00ebn shkencore, politike e historike. Brenda k\u00ebtij libri, autori shkoqit dilemat mbi sensin e historis\u00eb, si nj\u00eb pik\u00eb kthese e mendimit logjik e atij racional. Bot\u00ebkuptimi i tij teorik e shkencor zhvillohet mbi pik\u00ebpamjen\u00a0 e [&hellip;]<\/p>","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":8522,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[14],"tags":[1379,1380,868],"ppma_author":[291],"class_list":["post-6035","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-kritike","tag-historia","tag-karl-popper","tag-politika"],"authors":[{"term_id":291,"user_id":0,"is_guest":1,"slug":"hidajet-ahmeti","display_name":"Hidajet Ahmeti","avatar_url":{"url":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/h.ahmeti-e1698153615566.jpeg","url2x":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/h.ahmeti-e1698153615566.jpeg"},"user_url":"","last_name":"","first_name":"","description":"Hidajet Ahmeti, studimet bachelor i ka kryer n\u00eb Universitetin e Prishtin\u00ebs n\u00eb Filozofi dhe Shkenca Politike, kurse Masterin n\u00eb Filozofi n\u00eb UP. Aktualisht \u00ebsht\u00eb profesor n\u00eb gjimnazin \u201cKuvendi i Lezh\u00ebs\u201d n\u00eb Viti."}],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/sr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6035","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/sr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/sr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/sr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/sr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=6035"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/sr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6035\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":8523,"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/sr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6035\/revisions\/8523"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/sr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/8522"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/sr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=6035"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/sr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=6035"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/sr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=6035"},{"taxonomy":"author","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/sr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/ppma_author?post=6035"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}