{"id":7152,"date":"2024-08-05T09:11:42","date_gmt":"2024-08-05T08:11:42","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/?p=7152"},"modified":"2024-08-22T13:02:18","modified_gmt":"2024-08-22T12:02:18","slug":"lajmet-e-rreme-sfide-serioze-per-demokracine-tone-te-brishte","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/sr\/disinfo\/lajmet-e-rreme-sfide-serioze-per-demokracine-tone-te-brishte\/","title":{"rendered":"Lajmet e rreme, sfid\u00eb serioze p\u00ebr demokracin\u00eb ton\u00eb t\u00eb brisht\u00eb"},"content":{"rendered":"

Tony Blair nuk ishte fare n\u00eb Kosov\u00eb p\u00ebr 25-vjetorin e \u00e7lirimit t\u00eb Ferizajt m\u00eb 12 qershor kur edhe iu shpalos shtatorja n\u00eb bulevardin q\u00eb mban emrin e k\u00ebtij ish-kryeministri britanik. Por menj\u00ebher\u00eb pas lajmit p\u00ebr ceremonin\u00eb q\u00eb u mbajt n\u00eb rrezet p\u00ebrv\u00ebluese t\u00eb diellit, plasi debati n\u00eb rrjetet sociale p\u00ebr shtatoren e tij. Gjat\u00eb derdhjes s\u00eb tij n\u00eb bronz, skulptorin e saj e kishin vizituar edhe gazetar\u00eb mediash t\u00eb m\u00ebdha nd\u00ebrkomb\u00ebtare, si Reuters, p\u00ebr t\u2019i treguar bot\u00ebs se Kosova po nderonte Blairin p\u00ebr rolin e tij vendimtar gjat\u00eb bombardimeve t\u00eb NATO-s kund\u00ebr ish-Jugosllavis\u00eb. Derisa n\u00eb rrjetet sociale kritik\u00ebt po vinin n\u00eb dyshim p\u00ebrafrin\u00eb e shtatores me imazhin real t\u00eb Blairit, gazeta britanike \u201cThe Independent<\/a>\u201d n\u00eb shkrimin e 13 qershorit shkruante q\u00eb n\u00eb titull se njer\u00ebzit jan\u00eb t\u00eb bindur se shtatorja e \u201cToniblerit\u201d n\u00eb Kosov\u00eb ishte e Jason Donovanit, ylli australian i \u201cNeighbours\u201d.<\/p>\n

\u201cIsh-kryeministri mori pjes\u00eb n\u00eb shpalosjen n\u00eb Bulevardin Blair, dhe iu drejtua deputet\u00ebve n\u00eb nj\u00eb seanc\u00eb speciale n\u00eb parlamentin e Kosov\u00ebs\u201d, thuhej nd\u00ebr t\u00eb tjera n\u00eb paragrafin e dyt\u00eb t\u00eb shkrimit, megjith\u00ebse n\u00eb ceremoni u lexua vet\u00ebm letra q\u00eb Blair ua kishte d\u00ebrguar nism\u00ebtar\u00ebve t\u00eb shtatores. \u00cbsht\u00eb e qart\u00eb se gazeta e njohur britanike nuk e kishte verifikuar fare koh\u00ebn e p\u00ebrfundimit t\u00eb vizit\u00ebs s\u00eb Blairit dhe munges\u00ebn e pjes\u00ebmarrjes s\u00eb tij.<\/p>\n

Informacione t\u00eb ngjashme t\u00eb pasakta hasen shpesh n\u00eb media serioze tradicionale, q\u00eb n\u00eb koh\u00ebn e revolucionit teknologjik e konkurrenc\u00ebs s\u00eb ashp\u00ebr virtuale bien n\u00eb kurthin e lajmeve t\u00eb pakonfirmuara sherri i shpejt\u00ebsis\u00eb s\u00eb lajmit. Natyrisht se mediat serioze i korrektojn\u00eb l\u00ebshimet e paq\u00ebllimshme, por lajmet e rreme po sfidojn\u00eb edhe shoq\u00ebrit\u00eb m\u00eb t\u00eb zhvilluara e me tradit\u00eb t\u00eb madhe t\u00eb shtypit, sikurse Britania e Madhe e Shtetet e Bashkuara.<\/p>\n

Deputet\u00ebt britanik\u00eb qysh m\u00eb 2017 ngrit\u00ebn nj\u00eb grup q\u00eb edhe m\u00eb par\u00eb kishte shprehur shqet\u00ebsime p\u00ebr ndikimin e lajmeve t\u00eb rreme pasi konsideronin se mund t\u00eb ktheheshin n\u00eb k\u00ebrc\u00ebnim p\u00ebr demokracin\u00eb. Grupi hetimor, i themeluar nga komisioni p\u00ebr media, kultur\u00eb dhe sport i Dhom\u00ebs s\u00eb P\u00ebrfaq\u00ebsuesve, do t\u00eb p\u00ebrcaktonte definicionin e lajmeve t\u00eb rreme dhe do t\u00eb identifikonte ndikimin q\u00eb mund t\u00eb ken\u00eb ato gjat\u00eb p\u00ebrhapjes s\u00eb tyre n\u00eb Mbret\u00ebrin\u00eb e Bashkuar. Por p\u00ebrhapja e rrenave t\u00eb q\u00ebllimshme politike nuk ka t\u00eb ndalur kurrkund, derisa teknologjia po vazhdon vrullin e zhvillimit.<\/p>\n

\u201cGjithashtu do t\u00eb ekzaminoj\u00eb n\u00ebse makinat e k\u00ebrkimit dhe kompanit\u00eb e mediave sociale, si \u2018Google\u2019, \u2018Twitter\u2019 dhe \u2018Facebook\u2019, duhet t\u00eb marrin m\u00eb shum\u00eb p\u00ebrgjegj\u00ebsi p\u00ebr kontrollimin e lajmeve t\u00eb rreme, dhe n\u00ebse shitja dhe vendosja e reklamave n\u00eb uebfaqe ka inkurajuar ngritjen e tyre\u201d, shkruante gazeta tjet\u00ebr britanike \u201cThe Guardian<\/a>\u201d, teksa jepte lajmin p\u00ebr themelimin e Komisionit. Ardhja e Donald Trumpit n\u00eb krye t\u00eb Shteteve t\u00eb Bashkuara t\u00eb Amerik\u00ebs m\u00eb 2016 vet\u00ebm sa u dha edhe m\u00eb shum\u00eb zem\u00ebr politikan\u00ebve populist\u00eb q\u00eb q\u00ebllimsh\u00ebm t\u2019i p\u00ebrdornin lajmet e rreme p\u00ebr t\u00eb fituar m\u00eb shum\u00eb vota. Kjo ndodhi n\u00eb koh\u00ebn kur e djathta ekstreme nisi t\u00eb anatemonte grupe t\u00eb m\u00ebdha qytetar\u00ebsh t\u00eb vendeve per\u00ebndimore, duke p\u00ebrdorur edhe gjuh\u00eb raciste dhe paralajm\u00ebrime p\u00ebr d\u00ebbim t\u00eb evropian\u00ebve me prejardhje t\u00eb ndryshme etnike e fetare.<\/p>\n

Bota mbar\u00eb po vazhdon t\u00eb p\u00ebrballet me sfidat e m\u00ebdha q\u00eb paraqesin lajmet e rreme, derisa shtrirja dhe ndikimi i mediave sociale po vazhdon t\u00eb zgjerohet. Sprova do t\u00eb jet\u00eb ve\u00e7an\u00ebrisht kritike sivjet pasi miliarda njer\u00ebz po dalin n\u00eb zgjedhje n\u00eb t\u00eb kat\u00ebr an\u00ebt e globit. Aktor\u00ebt e lajmeve t\u00eb rreme \u2013  sikurse u d\u00ebshmua me hetime<\/a> serioze n\u00eb Shtetet e Bashkuara p\u00ebr ndikimin e Rusis\u00eb n\u00eb zgjedhjet e 2016-s\u00eb \u2013 jan\u00eb mekanizma t\u00eb organizuar shtet\u00ebror\u00eb q\u00eb nd\u00ebrmarrin operacione masive, duke p\u00ebrfituar prej avancimeve teknologjike t\u00eb inteligjenc\u00ebs artificiale. Ata shfryt\u00ebzojn\u00eb edhe munges\u00ebn e rregullativave komb\u00ebtare e nd\u00ebrkomb\u00ebtare p\u00ebr mbrojtje nga t\u00eb pav\u00ebrtetat n\u00eb mediat sociale.<\/p>\n

\u201cMiliarda njer\u00ebz do t\u00eb votojn\u00eb n\u00eb zgjedhje t\u00eb r\u00ebnd\u00ebsishme sivjet \u2013 rreth gjysma e bot\u00ebs sipas disa p\u00ebrllogaritjeve \u2013 n\u00eb nj\u00eb prej praktikave m\u00eb t\u00eb gjera dhe m\u00eb me pasoja n\u00eb mbamendjen njer\u00ebzore. Rezultatet do t\u00eb ndikojn\u00eb sesi bota do t\u00eb drejtohet gjat\u00eb dekadave t\u00eb ardhshme\u201d, paralajm\u00ebron \u201cNew York Times<\/a>\u201d, teksa analizon ndikimin e dezinformatave n\u00eb proceset m\u00eb t\u00eb m\u00ebdha zgjedhore. Gazeta njujorkeze alarmon gjithashtu se narrativat e rrejshme dhe teorit\u00eb e konspiracionit kan\u00eb marr\u00eb p\u00ebrmasa t\u00eb nj\u00eb t\u00eb lige bot\u00ebrore n\u00eb ngritje. \u201cPretendimet e pabazuara p\u00ebr kurdisje zgjedhjesh kan\u00eb goditur besimin n\u00eb demokraci\u201d.<\/p>\n

Ekspert\u00ebt e marr\u00ebdh\u00ebnieve me publikun thon\u00eb se fushatat e ndikimit t\u00eb huaj vazhdimisht po i thellojn\u00eb sfidat e brendshme polarizuese, derisa nj\u00ebher\u00ebsh po i p\u00ebrdorin me t\u00eb madhe mund\u00ebsit\u00eb q\u00eb i ofron inteligjenca artificiale p\u00ebr t\u00eb krijuar realitete t\u00eb paqena. Gjigant\u00ebt e k\u00ebrkimit virtual vazhdojn\u00eb t\u00eb akuzohen se kan\u00eb zbutur siguresat kur vjen puna te fushatat q\u00ebllimk\u00ebqija n\u00eb koh\u00eb zgjedhjesh.<\/p>\n

\u201cPothuajse \u00e7do demokraci \u00ebsht\u00eb n\u00ebn presion pavar\u00ebsisht teknologjis\u00eb\u201d, vler\u00ebson Darrel M. West<\/a>, ekspert i Institutit Brookings, duke shtuar p\u00ebr NYT-in se fushatat dezinformuese vet\u00ebm sa i shtojn\u00eb mund\u00ebsit\u00eb p\u00ebr lig\u00ebsi e dashakeq\u00ebsi politike kund\u00ebr pushtetit lokal, qendror a mbinacional.<\/p>\n

Derisa shoq\u00ebrit\u00eb me tradit\u00eb dhe institucione t\u00eb fuqishme demokratike dhe ligjore prej lajmeve t\u00eb rreme e fushatave dezinformuese, shum\u00eb m\u00eb t\u00eb v\u00ebshtir\u00eb e kan\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb betej\u00eb t\u00eb vazhdueshme vendet me demokraci t\u00eb re e n\u00eb nd\u00ebrtim e sip\u00ebr, si Kosova. Fushatat dezinformuese nxiten dhe financohen edhe nga grupe dhe individ\u00eb t\u00eb fuqish\u00ebm brenda partive, derisa lidershipi i aprovon me heshtje pavar\u00ebsisht rrezikut afatgjat\u00eb t\u00eb q\u00ebllimeve t\u00eb tyre. Jan\u00eb kinseportale e llogari t\u00eb ndryshme n\u00eb rrjetet sociale, prapa t\u00eb cilave nuk dihet se kush q\u00ebndron. Jan\u00eb njer\u00ebz q\u00eb shquhen me nj\u00ebfar\u00eb kreativiteti n\u00eb qasjen e tyre keqinformuese! P\u00ebrdorin emra e shkurtesa qytetesh, duke ia shtuar nj\u00eb \u201cpress\u201d a \u201cinfo\u201d prapa p\u00ebr ta shitur si portal serioz, ku njer\u00ebzit denigrohen personalisht e familjarisht n\u00eb koh\u00eb debatesh e vendimesh t\u00eb caktuara politike, t\u00eb r\u00ebnd\u00ebsishme p\u00ebr qytetar\u00ebt, por q\u00eb kalojn\u00eb pa ndonj\u00eb diskutim t\u00eb mir\u00ebfillt\u00eb argumentues. Ato jan\u00eb instrumente virtuale q\u00eb njollosin individ\u00eb jo vet\u00ebm nga radh\u00ebt e opozit\u00ebs politike, por edhe ata q\u00eb mendojn\u00eb ndryshe duke qen\u00eb pjes\u00eb e partis\u00eb apo e koalicionit politik n\u00eb qeverisje lokale a qendrore. Publikojn\u00eb akuza t\u00eb pabazuara, duke prekur n\u00eb \u00e7\u00ebshtje t\u00eb ndjeshme, si vlerat e luft\u00ebs, apo e kaluara kinse e dyshimt\u00eb patriotike.<\/p>\n

\u201cVorbulla e rrenave<\/a>\u201d, sikurse titullohet raporti i 2023-s i Rrjetit Ballkanik t\u00eb Gazetaris\u00eb Hulumtuese (BIRN), i p\u00ebrshkruan edhe narrativat dezinformuese q\u00eb jan\u00eb p\u00ebrhapur viteve t\u00eb fundit n\u00eb Kosov\u00eb. Raporti i financuar nga Bashkimi Evropian n\u00eb Kosov\u00eb, pos faktimit t\u00eb fushatave dezinformuese n\u00eb fusha t\u00eb ndryshme, nxjerr p\u00ebrfundimin se gjat\u00eb nj\u00eb eksperimentimi social \u00ebsht\u00eb v\u00ebn\u00eb n\u00eb pah brisht\u00ebsia dhe mungesa e njohurive baz\u00eb n\u00eb lidhje me konsumin e sigurt t\u00eb informacionit nga zyrtar\u00ebt publik\u00eb. Hartuesit e vler\u00ebsojn\u00eb si alarmues faktin q\u00eb nj\u00eb num\u00ebr i konsideruesh\u00ebm zyrtar\u00ebsh publik\u00eb e besuan informacionin e rrem\u00eb gjat\u00eb eksperimentit social.<\/p>\n

\u201cT\u00eb dh\u00ebnat e p\u00ebrgjithshme jan\u00eb shqet\u00ebsuese, ve\u00e7an\u00ebrisht fakti q\u00eb nj\u00eb num\u00ebr i madh zyrtar\u00ebsh do t\u00eb shp\u00ebrndanin informacionin te pal\u00ebt e tjera, apo edhe do ta shp\u00ebrndanin pa e verifikuar informacionin\u201d, thuhet n\u00eb \u201cVorbull\u00ebn e rrenave\u201d. \u201cKy studim n\u00ebnvizon nevoj\u00ebn p\u00ebr promovimin e edukimit mbitmediat dhe aft\u00ebsive t\u00eb t\u00eb menduarit kritik p\u00ebr t\u00eb parandaluar p\u00ebrhapjen e dezinformatave\u201d.<\/p>\n

P\u00ebrvoja e deritanishme me lajmet keqinformuese tregon se ky edukim duhet t\u00eb jet\u00eb gjith\u00ebp\u00ebrfshir\u00ebs. Raporti \u201cVorbulla e rrenave\u201d, nd\u00ebr rekomandimet kryesore, e sheh t\u00eb domosdoshme q\u00eb mediat t\u2019i verifikojn\u00eb faktet p\u00ebrpara publikimit, por b\u00ebn thirrje edhe p\u00ebr krijimin e q\u00ebndrueshm\u00ebris\u00eb qytetare kundrejt dezinformimit dhe forcimit t\u00eb kapaciteteve t\u00eb organeve rregullatore t\u00eb medias. \u201cInstitucionet shtet\u00ebrore duhet gjithashtu t\u00eb p\u00ebrmir\u00ebsojn\u00eb aft\u00ebsit\u00eb e tyre dhe t\u00eb zhvillojn\u00eb strategji p\u00ebr t\u00eb kund\u00ebrshtuar fushatat informative kund\u00ebr Kosov\u00ebs\u201d.<\/p>\n

Ligj\u00ebruesit e Departamentit t\u00eb Gazetaris\u00eb t\u00eb UP-s\u00eb ka koh\u00eb q\u00eb kan\u00eb nisur nj\u00eb fushat\u00eb vullnetare p\u00ebr ta bindur Ministrin\u00eb e Arsimit p\u00ebr ta futur edukimin medial si l\u00ebnd\u00eb obligative p\u00ebr shkak t\u00eb munges\u00ebs s\u00eb kompetenc\u00ebs profesionale t\u00eb m\u00ebsimdh\u00ebn\u00ebsve t\u00eb edukat\u00ebs qytetare p\u00ebr t\u00eb ligj\u00ebruar mbi keqinformimin dhe mediat. E kur kjo shikohet n\u00eb raport me mund\u00ebsit\u00eb e pafundme teknologjike p\u00ebr ta p\u00ebrdorur komunikimit masiv, pasojat p\u00ebr shoq\u00ebrin\u00eb dhe demokracin\u00eb do t\u00eb jen\u00eb t\u00eb gjera dhe afatgjata.<\/p>\n

Ky artikull u p\u00ebrgatit nga Sbunker, si pjes\u00eb e projektit \u201cFuqizimi i q\u00ebndrueshm\u00ebris\u00eb s\u00eb komunitetit kund\u00ebr dezinformimit\u201d, mb\u00ebshtetur nga TechSoup Global, n\u00eb kuad\u00ebr t\u00eb Programit p\u00ebr Aktivizmin Digjital.<\/span><\/i><\/p>\n

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 <\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Tony Blair nuk ishte fare n\u00eb Kosov\u00eb p\u00ebr 25-vjetorin e \u00e7lirimit t\u00eb Ferizajt m\u00eb 12 qershor kur edhe iu shpalos shtatorja n\u00eb bulevardin q\u00eb mban emrin e k\u00ebtij ish-kryeministri britanik. Por menj\u00ebher\u00eb pas lajmit p\u00ebr ceremonin\u00eb q\u00eb u mbajt n\u00eb rrezet p\u00ebrv\u00ebluese t\u00eb diellit, plasi debati n\u00eb rrjetet sociale p\u00ebr shtatoren e tij. Gjat\u00eb derdhjes […]<\/p>","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":7155,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[363],"tags":[],"ppma_author":[1063],"class_list":["post-7152","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-disinfo"],"authors":[{"term_id":1063,"user_id":0,"is_guest":1,"slug":"rexhep-maloku","display_name":"Rexhep Maloku","avatar_url":{"url":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/Screenshot-981.png","url2x":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/Screenshot-981.png"},"user_url":"","last_name":"","first_name":"","description":""}],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/sr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7152","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/sr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/sr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/sr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/sr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=7152"}],"version-history":[{"count":7,"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/sr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7152\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":7262,"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/sr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7152\/revisions\/7262"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/sr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/7155"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/sr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=7152"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/sr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=7152"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/sr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=7152"},{"taxonomy":"author","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/sr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/ppma_author?post=7152"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}