{"id":7859,"date":"2017-09-04T13:30:09","date_gmt":"2017-09-04T11:30:09","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/?p=7859"},"modified":"2024-09-23T13:33:00","modified_gmt":"2024-09-23T11:33:00","slug":"serbia-nuk-u-ka-borxh-pensionisteve-kosovare","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/sr\/analize\/serbia-nuk-u-ka-borxh-pensionisteve-kosovare\/","title":{"rendered":"Serbia nuk u ka borxh pensionist\u00ebve kosovar\u00eb"},"content":{"rendered":"

Kontributet pensionale t\u00eb pun\u00ebtor\u00ebve t\u00eb dikursh\u00ebm do t\u00eb duhej t\u00eb paguheshin nga pun\u00ebtor\u00ebt e sot\u00ebm. Pensioni i improvizuar aktual kontributdh\u00ebn\u00ebs duhet t\u00eb reformohet n\u00eb pension kontributdh\u00ebn\u00ebs t\u00eb p\u00ebrhersh\u00ebm: me baz\u00eb t\u00eb ndryshuar taksore dhe me pagesa adekuate.<\/span><\/p>\n

Ekziston nj\u00eb besim i p\u00ebrhapur, i shprehur edhe n\u00eb komunikimin zyrtar t\u00eb qeveris\u00eb s\u00eb Kosov\u00ebs, se Serbia ka grabitur ish-fondin pensional kosovar pas 1999, se kontributet e pun\u00ebtor\u00ebve t\u00eb dikursh\u00ebm gjenden diku n\u00eb Beograd, se ato jan\u00eb borxh q\u00eb duhet shlyer nga qeveria serbe, etj.<\/span><\/p>\n

N\u00eb t\u00eb v\u00ebrtet\u00eb, Serbia b\u00ebhet p\u00ebrgjegj\u00ebse p\u00ebr t\u2019ua l\u00ebshuar pensionet kosovar\u00ebve edhe n\u00eb baz\u00eb t\u00eb disa deklarimeve t\u00eb Gjykat\u00ebs Europiane t\u00eb t\u00eb Drejtave t\u00eb Njeriut, m\u00eb i r\u00ebnd\u00ebsishmi prej t\u00eb cil\u00ebve \u00ebsht\u00eb aktgjykimi i prillit 2012 n\u00eb rastin \u201cGrudic kund\u00ebr Serbis\u00eb\u201d.<\/span><\/p>\n

Megjithat\u00eb, p\u00ebrkund\u00ebr aktgjykimeve t\u00eb ECHR-s\u00eb, n\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb bllog, duke iu referuar <\/span>kontrat\u00ebs sociale<\/span><\/i> t\u00eb koh\u00ebs dhe praktikave t\u00eb sukcesionit t\u00eb vendeve tjera pas shk\u00ebputjes nga ish-Jugosllavia, argumentohet se pensionist\u00ebve kosovar\u00eb nuk u ka borxh Serbia. Pensionet e tyre do t\u00eb duhej t\u00eb paguheshin nga pun\u00ebtor\u00ebt e sot\u00ebm kosovar\u00eb. Pensionist\u00ebt jan\u00eb mashtruar thjesht nga UNMIK-u, Qeveria e Kosov\u00ebs dhe sindikatat e tyre.<\/span><\/p>\n

Kontrata sociale<\/b><\/p>\n

N\u00ebp\u00ebrmjet ligjit mbi sigurimin pensional dhe invalidor (fletorja zyrtare e KSA t\u00eb Kosov\u00ebs, nr.73\/72), si\u00e7 dihet, Kosova autonome aplikonte modelin Pay-as-You-Go t\u00eb pensioneve, ose t\u00eb solidaritetit nd\u00ebrmjet gjeneratave t\u00eb pun\u00ebtor\u00ebve: pensionet aktuale financoheshin kryesisht nga kontributet aktuale t\u00eb forc\u00ebs n\u00eb marr\u00ebdh\u00ebnie pune.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

N\u00eb baz\u00eb t\u00eb praktikave t\u00eb BVI-s\u00eb s\u00eb Sigurimit Pensional dhe Invalidor (q\u00eb ka menaxhuar pensionet), teprica pas pages\u00ebs s\u00eb pensioneve b\u00ebhej fond rezerv\u00eb, ose investohej n\u00eb nd\u00ebrmarrje t\u00eb ndryshme, ose shkonte n\u00eb investime shoq\u00ebrore si spitale, shkolla speciale, etj.<\/span><\/p>\n

Kjo ka qen\u00eb kontrata sociale (marr\u00ebveshjet shoq\u00ebrore) e koh\u00ebs.<\/span><\/p>\n

Me thellimin e kriz\u00ebs ekonomike jugosllave, n\u00eb fund t\u00eb 80-tave, BVI ka pasur gjithnj\u00eb e m\u00eb shum\u00eb probleme p\u00ebr t\u00eb paguar pensionet. P\u00ebrpara se t\u00eb futej dhunsh\u00ebm n\u00ebn drejtimin direkt t\u00eb Fondit Pensional t\u00eb Serbis\u00eb, m\u00eb 1992, buletinet e BVI-s\u00eb raportonin se pensionet paguheshin duke huazuar n\u00eb kontributet e ardhshme. Prandaj, pohimi se ekziston diku nj\u00eb fond i grabitur n\u00eb Beograd \u00ebsht\u00eb i gabuar: BVI as nuk ka pasur buxhet t\u00eb madh t\u00eb ruajtur, as pensionet nuk kan\u00eb qen\u00eb t\u00eb programuara t\u00eb funksionojn\u00eb n\u00eb at\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb (t\u00eb ruhen ose grumbullohen).<\/span><\/p>\n

E shumta q\u00eb mund t\u00eb negociohet n\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb drejtim me Serbin\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb diskutimi i investimeve joproporcionale t\u00eb BVI-s\u00eb (n\u00ebse jan\u00eb b\u00ebr\u00eb n\u00eb pjes\u00eb tjera jasht\u00eb Kosov\u00ebs), ndonj\u00eb kursim i afatizuar e tjet\u00ebrsuar bankar, dhe ndoshta borxhet e pashlyera gjat\u00eb viteve 90-t\u00eb.<\/span><\/p>\n

ECHR-ja dhe gjykatat tjera nd\u00ebrkomb\u00ebtare mund t\u2019ia faturojn\u00eb Serbis\u00eb obligimet pensionale dhe borxhet nga huamarrja n\u00eb em\u00ebr t\u00eb Kosov\u00ebs, sepse Serbia ende nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb marr\u00eb vesh me Kosov\u00ebn p\u00ebr obligimet e sukcesionit. Por, p\u00ebr vete, shoq\u00ebria kosovare q\u00eb ka dashur vet\u00ebvendosje e pavar\u00ebsi, do t\u00eb duhej t\u00eb merrte obligimet q\u00eb i takojn\u00eb sikur kan\u00eb b\u00ebr\u00eb t\u00eb gjitha republikat ish-jugosllave me Marr\u00ebveshjen p\u00ebr \u00c7\u00ebshtjet e Sukcesionit m\u00eb 29 qershor 2001: ato kan\u00eb marr\u00eb obligimet e trash\u00ebguara nga pensionet ushtarake dhe civile. Prandaj, pensionist\u00ebve borxh u ka vet\u00ebm shoq\u00ebria e Kosov\u00ebs.<\/span><\/p>\n

Reforma p\u00ebr nj\u00eb pension kontributdh\u00ebn\u00ebs t\u00eb p\u00ebrhersh\u00ebm<\/b><\/p>\n

Prej vitit 2008, qeveria e Kosov\u00ebs paguan nj\u00eb pension t\u00eb improvizuar \u201ckontributdh\u00ebn\u00ebs\u201d p\u00ebr ish-pun\u00ebtor\u00ebt, q\u00eb pas t\u00eb gjitha ndryshimeve, sot mund t\u00eb ket\u00eb vler\u00eb nd\u00ebrmjet 158-240 eurosh. N\u00eb vitin 2016 (tabela m\u00eb posht\u00eb) kan\u00eb figuruar mbi 41 mij\u00eb pensionist\u00eb invalidor\u00eb dhe t\u00eb pleq\u00ebris\u00eb. N\u00eb parim, ky institucion \u00ebsht\u00eb i shpenzuesh\u00ebm: ai do t\u00eb duhej t\u00eb shuhej n\u00eb momentin q\u00eb t\u00eb mos kishte m\u00eb kontributor\u00eb t\u00eb para 1999-t\u00ebs.<\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

Shifrat p\u00ebrfshijn\u00eb vet\u00ebm pensionist\u00ebt e pleq\u00ebris\u00eb dhe ata invalidor\u00eb. Shtylla e par\u00eb dhe e fundit: Agjencia (Enti) e Statistikave t\u00eb Kosov\u00ebs; shtylla e mesme nga libri i Adil Fetahut \u201cN\u00eb mbrojtje t\u00eb pensionist\u00ebve t\u00eb Kosov\u00ebs\u201d, fq.103, botuar nga Lidhja e Pensionist\u00ebve t\u00eb Kosov\u00ebs.<\/span><\/i><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span>Por, Parlamenti i Kosov\u00ebs duhet ta reformoj\u00eb radikalisht k\u00ebt\u00eb institucion, duke e kthyer n\u00eb pension t\u00eb p\u00ebrhersh\u00ebm kontributdh\u00ebn\u00ebs, i financuar nga kontributet pensionale dhe jo taksat e p\u00ebrgjithshme. I kthyer n\u00eb pensionin kryesor, ai do t\u00eb duhej t\u00eb ekzistonte krahas pensioneve baz\u00eb dhe kursimeve t\u00eb obliguara private (trustit).<\/span><\/p>\n

Me k\u00ebt\u00eb reformim, p\u00ebrve\u00e7 q\u00eb shoq\u00ebria do t\u2019i dilte zot kontrat\u00ebs sociale (marr\u00ebveshjeve shoq\u00ebrore) t\u00eb dikurshme, do t\u00eb forcohej motivimi p\u00ebr t\u00eb punuar; do t\u00eb garantohej se sado tronditje shokuese t\u00eb ndodhin, disa vlera dhe institucione, si puna, duhet gjithnj\u00eb t\u00eb besohen.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Shteti do t\u00eb d\u00ebshmonte se \u00ebsht\u00eb i v\u00ebmendsh\u00ebm ndaj dinamikave sociale: duke ndryshuar baz\u00ebn taksore, t\u00eb pasurit – ata q\u00eb punojn\u00eb, dhe jo e gjith\u00eb shoq\u00ebria, do t\u00eb financonte progresivisht pensionin kryesor duke i kontribuuar k\u00ebshtu solidaritetit dhe barazis\u00eb m\u00eb t\u00eb madhe. Familjet kosovare gjithashtu kan\u00eb ndryshuar; ndon\u00ebse popullata nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb rritur, numri i familjeve gati \u00ebsht\u00eb dyfishuar prej viteve 80-t\u00eb. Andaj, pensionet m\u00eb adekuate si nivel pagesash do t\u2019i kontribuonin mir\u00ebqenies s\u00eb familjeve dhe shp\u00ebrndarjes m\u00eb cil\u00ebsore t\u00eb t\u00eb ardhurave. K\u00ebshtu puna do t\u00eb fitonte frym\u00eb t\u00eb theksuar progresive.<\/span><\/p>\n

S\u00eb fundi, p\u00ebrve\u00e7 q\u00eb dizajni i sot\u00ebm institucional i pensioneve \u00e7alon p\u00ebrkah solidariteti dhe siguria, nj\u00eb reform\u00eb e k\u00ebtill\u00eb do t\u2019i kontribuonte edhe <\/span>nj\u00ebjt\u00ebsis\u00eb institucionale<\/span><\/i> n\u00eb t\u00ebr\u00eb territorin e Kosov\u00ebs. Nd\u00ebrkoh\u00eb q\u00eb pritet nj\u00eb marr\u00ebveshje p\u00ebr zgjidhjen e \u00e7\u00ebshtjes s\u00eb serb\u00ebve t\u00eb Kosov\u00ebs, ata do t\u00eb duan t\u2019i ruajn\u00eb pensionet kontributdh\u00ebn\u00ebse – q\u00eb sot i marrin nga Serbia. Plani i Ahtisaarit garanton politik\u00eb t\u00eb nj\u00ebjt\u00eb pensionale n\u00eb Kosov\u00eb, por Parlamenti duhet t\u00eb marr\u00eb masa proaktive q\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb ta b\u00ebj\u00eb t\u00eb mundshme, duke ofruar zgjidhje t\u00eb duhur, dhe t\u00eb mos leht\u00ebsoj\u00eb bosnj\u00ebzimin e pensioneve.<\/span><\/p>\n

Rikthimin e solidaritetit, p\u00ebrve\u00e7 mosinteresimit t\u00eb politik\u00ebs, e pengon ndjenja e trash\u00ebguar e diskriminimit inherent klasor dhe etnik; mendohet se a duhet paguar sot p\u00ebr institucione q\u00eb kan\u00eb qen\u00eb diskriminuese e q\u00eb ndoshta e kan\u00eb sjellur luft\u00ebn. Por, pyetja \u00ebsht\u00eb a i ka mbetur m\u00eb argument moral i k\u00ebtill\u00eb gjenerat\u00ebs s\u00eb sotme: a nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb d\u00ebshmuar nj\u00ebjt\u00eb diskriminuese? Dhe, m\u00eb thelb\u00ebsorja, a mund t\u00eb veprohet sot q\u00eb t\u00eb ndryshohet trajektorja\/historia sociale n\u00eb t\u00eb mir\u00eb m\u00eb gjith\u00ebp\u00ebrfshir\u00ebse?<\/span><\/p>\n

N\u00ebse forca pun\u00ebtore do ta ket\u00eb problem t\u2019i paguaj\u00eb pensionet e reja, ajo do t\u00eb dal\u00eb n\u00eb rrug\u00eb. Pik\u00ebrisht at\u00eb dit\u00eb do t\u00eb lind\u00eb qytetari (n\u00ebnshtetasi) i Kosov\u00ebs.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

___________<\/span>
\n<\/span>
\n<\/span>Bllogu mb\u00ebshtetet nga Friedrich-Ebert-Stiftung, zyra n\u00eb Kosov\u00eb.<\/span><\/i>
\n<\/span><\/i>Mendimet e shprehura n\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb bllog nuk paraqesin medoemos besimet e Friedrich-Ebert-Stifftung.\u00a0<\/span><\/i><\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Kontributet pensionale t\u00eb pun\u00ebtor\u00ebve t\u00eb dikursh\u00ebm do t\u00eb duhej t\u00eb paguheshin nga pun\u00ebtor\u00ebt e sot\u00ebm. Pensioni i improvizuar aktual kontributdh\u00ebn\u00ebs duhet t\u00eb reformohet n\u00eb pension kontributdh\u00ebn\u00ebs t\u00eb p\u00ebrhersh\u00ebm: me baz\u00eb t\u00eb ndryshuar taksore dhe me pagesa adekuate. Ekziston nj\u00eb besim i p\u00ebrhapur, i shprehur edhe n\u00eb komunikimin zyrtar t\u00eb qeveris\u00eb s\u00eb Kosov\u00ebs, se Serbia ka […]<\/p>","protected":false},"author":403,"featured_media":7815,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[13],"tags":[1199],"ppma_author":[689],"class_list":["post-7859","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-analize","tag-destrata"],"authors":[{"term_id":689,"user_id":403,"is_guest":0,"slug":"artan-mustafa","display_name":"Artan Mustafa","avatar_url":{"url":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/artan.jpg","url2x":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/artan.jpg"},"user_url":"","last_name":"Mustafa","first_name":"Artan","description":"Artan Mustafa \u00ebsht\u00eb hulumtues dhe ligj\u00ebrues n\u00eb fush\u00ebn e politik\u00ebs sociale. Ka studiuar shkenc\u00eb politike dhe zhvillim t\u00eb q\u00ebndruesh\u00ebm n\u00eb Universitetin e Vjen\u00ebs, Universitetin Uppsala dhe Universitetin e Prishtin\u00ebs, si dhe ka pasur q\u00ebndrime n\u00eb Universitetin e Missouri-t, t\u00eb Tokios dhe t\u00eb Oslos. Ka punuar n\u00eb gazetari q\u00eb nga viti 2001 dhe ka qen\u00eb kryeredaktor i Gazet\u00ebs Jeta n\u00eb Kosov\u00eb (2011-2013)."}],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/sr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7859","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/sr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/sr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/sr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/403"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/sr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=7859"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/sr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7859\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":7861,"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/sr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7859\/revisions\/7861"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/sr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/7815"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/sr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=7859"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/sr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=7859"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/sr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=7859"},{"taxonomy":"author","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/sr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/ppma_author?post=7859"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}