\u201cInvestimet e huaja direkte, investimet e huaja direkte, investimet e huaja direkte (IHD)\u201d.<\/p>\n
IHD-t\u00eb jan\u00eb mbase \u2018ila\u00e7i\u2019 q\u00eb rekomandohet m\u00eb s\u00eb shpeshti p\u00ebr ekonomin\u00eb e Kosov\u00ebs, sidomos kur b\u00ebhet fjal\u00eb p\u00ebr rritjen e pun\u00ebsimit. P\u00ebrve\u00e7 faktit se nuk do t\u00eb mund t\u00eb luajn\u00eb rol par\u00ebsor, por vet\u00ebm suplementar n\u00eb zhvillimin e nj\u00eb vendi, megjithat\u00eb dy vrojtime rreth tyre mbesin tejet t\u00eb r\u00ebnd\u00ebsishme.<\/p>\n
1. N\u00ebse e shohim totalin vjetor t\u00eb tyre n\u00eb gjasht\u00ebmb\u00ebdhjet\u00eb vitet e fundit, periudh\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u00eb cil\u00ebn ka t\u00eb dh\u00ebna t\u00eb publikuara nga Banka Qendore e Kosov\u00ebs (BQK), ato nuk kan\u00eb sh\u00ebnuar ndonj\u00eb rritje vjetore t\u00eb madhe. Me p\u00ebrjashtim t\u00eb vitit 2022, m\u00eb t\u00eb larta kan\u00eb qen\u00eb IHD-t\u00eb n\u00eb vitin 2007, pra para Pavar\u00ebsis\u00eb, se n\u00eb cilindo vit tjet\u00ebr m\u00eb pas.<\/p>\n
2. Sektor\u00ebt n\u00eb t\u00eb cil\u00ebt investohet nuk jan\u00eb sektor\u00eb me potencial p\u00ebr t\u00eb krijuar vende t\u00eb reja pune dhe p\u00ebr t\u00eb ndikuar ndjesh\u00ebm pozitivisht n\u00eb ekonomin\u00eb reale. N\u00eb periudh\u00ebn 2007-2022, IHD-t\u00eb kan\u00eb qen\u00eb rreth 5.36 miliard\u00eb euro. Sektori q\u00eb ka p\u00ebrfituar m\u00eb s\u00eb shumti \u00ebsht\u00eb ai i patundshm\u00ebrive, me rreth 40% t\u00eb k\u00ebtyre investimeve. Nd\u00ebrkoh\u00eb q\u00eb, sipas t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave nga Administrata Tatimore e Kosov\u00ebs (ATK), p\u00ebr vitin 2021 dhe 2022, ky sektor ka pun\u00ebsuar vet\u00ebm rreth 0.2% t\u00eb t\u00eb gjith\u00eb t\u00eb pun\u00ebsuarve n\u00eb Kosov\u00eb.<\/p>\n
M\u00eb pas vjen ai i aktiviteteve financiare dhe t\u00eb sigurimit me rreth 14% dhe nd\u00ebrtimtaria me rreth 8% t\u00eb IHD-ve gjat\u00eb k\u00ebsaj periudhe Sektori i prodhimit, ku mbase nevoja p\u00ebr k\u00ebto investime \u00ebsht\u00eb m\u00eb e madhja, renditet i kat\u00ebrti me rreth 7%.<\/p>\n
Mir\u00ebpo, viti 2022 p\u00ebrb\u00ebn nj\u00eb ndryshim tek ajo q\u00eb u theksua n\u00eb vrojtimin e par\u00eb. Sipas BQK-s\u00eb, IHD-t\u00eb n\u00eb Kosov\u00eb jan\u00eb rritur nga rreth 421 milion\u00eb euro n\u00eb 2021 n\u00eb rreth 772 milion\u00eb euro n\u00eb vitin 2022. Kjo \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb rritje nominale prej rreth 351 milion\u00eb euro, apo rreth 84%. Si rritje agregate, kjo ting\u00ebllon spektakolare. Por jo edhe aq n\u00ebse i v\u00ebm\u00eb n\u00eb pah tre fakte.<\/p>\n
S\u00eb pari, rreth 84% ishte rritja nominale por e dim\u00eb se n\u00eb vitin 2022 Kosova pati norm\u00ebn m\u00eb t\u00eb lart\u00eb t\u00eb inflacionit q\u00eb nga paslufta. N\u00ebse e largojm\u00eb efektin e inflacionit, at\u00ebher\u00eb rritja reale del t\u00eb jet\u00eb rreth 219 milion\u00eb euro apo rreth 57% \u2013 q\u00eb s\u00ebrish \u00ebsht\u00eb mjaft mir\u00eb por vet\u00ebm sa rreth 2\/3-at e rritjes nominale.<\/p>\n
S\u00eb dyti, p\u00ebrb\u00ebrja e sektor\u00ebve ku jan\u00eb b\u00ebr\u00eb investimet nuk ka ndryshuar. Sektori q\u00eb ka p\u00ebrfituar m\u00eb s\u00eb shumti \u00ebsht\u00eb ai i patundshm\u00ebrive, n\u00eb t\u00eb cil\u00ebn kan\u00eb shkuar rreth 68% e k\u00ebtyre investimeve. M\u00eb pas vjen ai i aktiviteteve financiare dhe t\u00eb sigurimit, dhe ai i xehetaris\u00eb dhe guror\u00ebve me nga 7% secili. Nd\u00ebrsa n\u00eb sektorin e prodhimit dhe at\u00eb t\u00eb informaconit dhe komunikimit, t\u00eb cil\u00ebt mbase jan\u00eb sektor\u00eb q\u00eb do t\u2019duhej t\u00eb kishim m\u00eb s\u00eb shumti IHD, kan\u00eb shkuar nga vet\u00ebm 2% e IHD-ve gjat\u00eb 2022. Pra, edhe n\u00eb vitin 2022, p\u00ebrb\u00ebrja e IHD-ve e ka patur struktur\u00ebn e ngjashme me periudh\u00ebn paraprake.<\/p>\n
S\u00eb treti, rritja n\u00eb total e investimeve \u00ebsht\u00eb m\u00eb pak e r\u00ebnd\u00ebsishme sesa rritja n\u00eb sektor\u00eb t\u00eb caktuar. Kjo sepse, si\u00e7 e pam\u00eb edhe nga e kaluara edhe nga viti 2022, IHD-t\u00eb nuk kan\u00eb shkuar n\u00eb sektor\u00eb me potencial t\u00eb madh p\u00ebr t\u00eb krijuar vende t\u00eb reja pune dhe p\u00ebr t\u00eb ndikuar nj\u00ebmend n\u00eb ekonomin\u00eb reale.<\/p>\n
Qasja sektoriale e shpjegon m\u00eb s\u00eb miri (mos)ndryshimin e 2022-\u00ebs<\/strong><\/p>\n P\u00ebr ta kuptuar se cil\u00ebt sektor\u00eb e shpjegojn\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb rritje, mund ta b\u00ebjm\u00eb nj\u00eb dekompozim t\u00eb rritjes agregate. Kjo na ndihmon t\u00eb kuptojm\u00eb se a ka ardhur rritja nga ndonj\u00eb sektor me potencial p\u00ebr t\u00eb krijuar vende t\u00eb reja t\u00eb pun\u00ebs, apo thjesht ka vazhduar rritja n\u00eb sektor\u00eb t\u00eb nj\u00ebjt\u00eb si m\u00eb par\u00eb.<\/p>\n Rreth 40% e k\u00ebsaj rritjeje ka ardhur p\u00ebr shkak t\u00eb rritjes s\u00eb investimeve n\u00eb patundshm\u00ebri. Pra, trendi ka vazhduar meq\u00eb, si\u00e7 u shpjegua m\u00eb lart, ky ka qen\u00eb n\u00eb vazhdim\u00ebsi sektori me m\u00eb s\u00eb shumti IHD. Kjo ka ndodhur kryesisht p\u00ebr shkak t\u00eb diaspor\u00ebs, e cila n\u00eb vend se t\u2019i mbaj\u00eb kursimet n\u00eb bankat evropiane, \u2013 ku normat e interesit deri von\u00eb ishin shum\u00eb t\u00eb ul\u00ebta (diku edhe negative), \u2013 vjen n\u00eb Kosov\u00eb dhe blen banesa, sht\u00ebpi, lokale, e troje. Megjithat\u00eb, sipas t\u00eb dh\u00ebnav\u00eb t\u00eb ATK-s\u00eb, n\u00eb vitin 2022, n\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb sektor jan\u00eb pun\u00ebsuar vet\u00ebm 0.2% e totalit t\u00eb t\u00eb pun\u00ebsuarve n\u00eb Kosov\u00eb. Pra, ky nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb sektor me potencial p\u00ebr ta rritur pun\u00ebsimin.<\/p>\n Rreth 21% e k\u00ebsaj rritjeje \u00ebsht\u00eb n\u00eb sektorin e furnizimit me energji elektrike. Mbase kjo rritje ka t\u00eb b\u00ebj\u00eb me ndonj\u00eb projekt t\u00eb energjis\u00eb s\u00eb rip\u00ebrt\u00ebritshme e q\u00eb mund t\u00eb ket\u00eb ndikim pozitiv n\u00eb t\u00eb ardhmen. Por gjat\u00eb vitit 2022 pati kriz\u00eb energjetike dhe shtrenjtimi i madh u shmang vet\u00ebm p\u00ebrmes subvencionimit t\u00eb \u00e7mimit. Gjithnj\u00eb sipas ATK-s\u00eb, gjat\u00eb vitit 2022, vet\u00ebm 2% e t\u00eb pun\u00ebsuarve n\u00eb Kosov\u00eb jan\u00eb n\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb sektor.<\/p>\n Rreth 15% e k\u00ebsaj rritjeje ka ardhur p\u00ebr shkak t\u00eb rritjes s\u00eb investimeve n\u00eb sektorin e xehetaris\u00eb dhe guror\u00ebve. K\u00ebto mund t\u00eb jen\u00eb investime p\u00ebr projekte ekploruese, t\u00eb cilat mbase pas shum\u00eb vitesh mund t\u00eb rezultojn\u00eb n\u00eb di\u00e7ka konkrete, por q\u00eb nuk kan\u00eb rezultuar n\u00eb ndonj\u00eb produkt final n\u00eb vitin q\u00eb lam\u00eb pas.<\/p>\n Nd\u00ebrsa n\u00eb sektor\u00ebt m\u00eb t\u00eb r\u00ebnd\u00ebsish\u00ebm p\u00ebr investime, shifrat nuk jan\u00eb aspak mbres\u00ebl\u00ebn\u00ebse. Investimet n\u00eb prodhim e shpjegojn\u00eb rritjen vet\u00ebm rreth 5%. N\u00eb informacion dhe komunikim kishte rreth 3.3 milion\u00eb euro m\u00eb pak t\u00eb investuara. N\u00eb bujq\u00ebsi, pylltari, e peshkatari kishte rreth 400 mij\u00eb euro m\u00eb pak t\u00eb investuara. N\u00eb arsim kishte vet\u00ebm rreth 400 mij\u00eb euro investime m\u00eb shum\u00eb e n\u00eb sh\u00ebndet\u00ebsi rreth 1.5 milion\u00eb euro m\u00eb pak t\u00eb investuara.<\/p>\n Pra, IHD-t\u00eb prej rreth 772 milion\u00eb euro n\u00eb 2022 ting\u00ebllojn\u00eb bukur kur krahasohen me vitin 2021, por jo edhe kur merret parasysh inflacioni, struktura e investimeve dhe sektor\u00ebt q\u00eb kan\u00eb kontribuar m\u00eb s\u00eb shumti n\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb rritje. Fatkeq\u00ebsisht, edhe k\u00ebt\u00eb vit vazhduan problemet e vjetra.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" \u201cInvestimet e huaja direkte, investimet e huaja direkte, investimet e huaja direkte (IHD)\u201d. IHD-t\u00eb jan\u00eb mbase \u2018ila\u00e7i\u2019 q\u00eb rekomandohet m\u00eb s\u00eb shpeshti p\u00ebr ekonomin\u00eb e Kosov\u00ebs, sidomos kur b\u00ebhet fjal\u00eb p\u00ebr rritjen e pun\u00ebsimit. P\u00ebrve\u00e7 faktit se nuk do t\u00eb mund t\u00eb luajn\u00eb rol par\u00ebsor, por vet\u00ebm suplementar n\u00eb zhvillimin e nj\u00eb vendi, megjithat\u00eb dy […]<\/p>","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[9],"tags":[691,840,664],"ppma_author":[97],"class_list":["post-874","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-opinion","tag-economy","tag-fdi","tag-kosovo"],"authors":[{"term_id":97,"user_id":0,"is_guest":1,"slug":"edison-jakurti","display_name":"Edison Jakurti","avatar_url":{"url":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/Edison-Jakurti.jpeg","url2x":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/Edison-Jakurti.jpeg"},"user_url":"","last_name":"","first_name":"","description":"Edison Jakurti \u00ebsht\u00eb doktorant i shkencave ekonomike n\u00eb Freie Universit\u00e4t Berlin. M\u00eb her\u00ebt ai i ka p\u00ebrfunduar studimet e nivelit master p\u00ebr politikat e zhvillimit nd\u00ebrkomb\u00ebtar, me fokus n\u00eb ekonomiksin aplikativ, n\u00eb Duke University, dhe studimet themelore n\u00eb drejtimin ekonomiks dhe statistik\u00eb n\u00eb R.I.T. Ka punuar si asistent hulumtues dhe asistent ligj\u00ebrues n\u00eb Duke University, si dhe k\u00ebshilltar n\u00eb Bank\u00ebn Bot\u00ebrore."}],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/sr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/874","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/sr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/sr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/sr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/sr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=874"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/sr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/874\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":875,"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/sr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/874\/revisions\/875"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/sr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=874"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/sr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=874"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/sr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=874"},{"taxonomy":"author","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sbunker.org\/sr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/ppma_author?post=874"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}